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Reappraisal of legacy reflection seismic data has shown to deliver value in mineral exploration, particularly in brownfield settings. In this work, we demonstrate how the reappraisal and processing of legacy reflection seismic data can be advantageous in the mineral exploration industry. We use today's standard seismic processing tools to improve the imaging of deep and complex geological structures that host mineral deposits. The recovered and processed 25.3 km long legacy seismic profile in this study was acquired in 1983 by the Gold Division of Anglo‐American as part of the Witwatersrand Gold Fields exploration program. This study aims to improve the imaging of the Ventersdorp Contact Reef gold‐bearing horizon (termed reef), a world‐class gold deposit (2 m thick) situated at depths between ∼2400 and ∼4100 m below the ground surface near South Deep Gold Mine in Fochville, South Africa. The final processing results from the pre‐stack time and phase‐shift migration approaches clearly reveal a dipping reflection associated with the gold‐bearing horizon and major steeply dipping faults that crosscut and displace the deposit. The final results are integrated with borehole information, 1D synthetic modelling and aeromagnetic data to constrain the structural interpretation. In particular, 1D synthetic simulation and borehole data constrain the depth position of the gold deposit. The magnetic data provides additional constraints on the complex faulted blocks of the host rocks such as the intrusions that may have a direct impact on ore resources and evaluation. The mining companies, such as South Deep Gold Mine, operating closer to the seismic profiles can use this new structural information to update the current geological models and improve future mine planning and designs, thus providing some insight into the prospectivity of unmined ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consideration of the future fate of brownfields in urban environments has driven a complex 'season' of decisions, planning, and implementation that has seen the emergence of different approaches and actions for their reuse. Among the various experiences of brownfield redevelopment, some projects have also promoted the partial renaturalisation of areas through soil desealing and demolition of existing buildings. These greening initiatives have provided new public facilities, e.g., parks and green areas, helping to improve the conditions of urban environments both from ecological and social perspectives. This article adopts ex ante and ex post methods to analyse two Italian case studies of brownfield regeneration involving desealing interventions and investigates two key aspects: (i) the planning process and tools that were put in place to implement the projects and (ii) the impacts for human wellbeing that were produced in terms of cooling effects. The analyses conducted show the real effectiveness of renaturation interventions especially related to reforestation measures in terms of temperature reduction. The examination of the two case studies also revealed the importance and potential success of traditional planning and implementation tools in promoting interventions that can now be considered innovative in terms of their actual contribution to current urban challenges. The results therefore allow us to emphasize the fundamental importance of the philosophy and basic principles of a transformation process, even guided by traditional planning tools, for the improvement of the environmental conditions of an urban context and the successful implementation of nature-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The redevelopment and management of brownfield sites by grassroots cultural organizations have been shown to have a transformative role on communities and cities, implementing bottom-up culture-led urban regeneration rather than top-down models which often lead to gentrification. Based on analyses and interviews with actors from major grassroots cultural centres in Berlin (ufaFabrik) and Bratislava (Nová Cvernovka), this study challenges previous research on cultural brownfields focusing on temporary artistic interventions, arguing instead that long-term commitment, care, participation and cooperation between cultural organizations and local administrations can lead to more sustainable regeneration models in which cultural brownfields operate as commons-based ecosystems of care. The study also offers a unique insight into the “western” vs. “eastern” specifics, highlighting the fact that post-socialist administrations can serve as a barrier to a successful redevelopment through stigmatized public-NGO relationships, where artists and communities are often perceived as a “political opposition”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing trend towards utilizing nickel as a raw material for non-steel products due to the increasing demand for nickel up to 2040. Data shows that global nickel production and reserves will increase until 2021. As one of the countries with the largest reserves in the world, this country contributes significantly to global nickel production. This paper will discuss Indonesia's nickel resources, reserves and production related to the distribution of locations, number of resources, number of reserves, grade, sustainability of reserves and their impact on the economy as well as efforts to maintain this sustainability. Previous articles only presented data on Indonesia's nickel reserves and production and an overview of global nickel. The data on nickel resources and reserves come from the 2021 inventory by the Geological Agency, which covers ore resources and reserves and their grades across several classifications. If there is no new data on reserve deposits or planned production rates, it is estimated that the ore reserves with nickel grades ≥ 1.7% will be depleted by 2036, while the ore reserves with Ni grades < 1.7% will be exhausted by 2056. Efforts to increase reserves include increasing exploration activities in brownfield areas, exploring remaining ultrabasic regions, and conducting detailed geological mapping of areas where ultrabasic rock is expected. Apart from raising the issue of the magnitude of nickel potential and mining value, this paper also discusses economic indicators in each nickel producing community using Gross Regional Domestic Product per capita. Based on the results of this analysis, it shows that there are differences in GDP per capita and the value of the mines owned by each region as a nickel producer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the rationale for industrial policy in the semiconductor industry, focusing on the European context. It highlights the challenges faced by the European semiconductor industry, the importance of semiconductors for achieving climate and digital transformation goals, and the need for targeted industrial policy to address market failures. The text also explores the potential benefits of industrial policy, the role of political economy in shaping policies, and the importance of adaptive strategies that allow for the phasing out of unsuccessful projects. The article emphasizes the need for careful design and consideration of political constraints in industrial policy decisions. [Extracted from the article]

Pollution makes some leisure activities not only possible but pleasurable, an analysis known as "polluted leisure." In this paper, I extend this analysis with case examples of leisure participants adept use of polluted spaces. This adept use suggests that some leisure participants are "enskiled" at polluted leisure, possessing an embodied ecological familiarity with polluted spaces similar to a sailor who has a real knack for getting their sea legs. I present a case example of skateboarders building formal and informal skateparks on remediated Superfund sites and brownfields to further encourage this notion of polluted leisure enskilment. I then develop this notion of polluted leisure enskilment using Guattari's "ecosophy," a way of being most suitable for our Anthropocene age, claiming that skateboarding's esthetic enmeshed in polluted space offers a lived ecosophy. I conclude with potential extensions of this research in leisure studies, spatial justice, and skate studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining industry once was a strong contributor to the economic development of cities and created economic benefits for human beings, but ecological problems are increasing day by day. This study takes the quarry in Nagykovacsi, Hungary as an example, and through comprehensive evaluation of the site, utilizes nature-based solutions to carry out the design practice of seeking new development vitality and opportunities for the brownfield site after mining. Finally, it summarizes the ecological remediation concepts and strategies suitable for mining brownfield sites, and contributes to the reuse of urban land space and the creation of a favourable ecological environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the influence of the Environmental Integration Principle on the transformation of the EU Industrial Policy in the context of achieving sustainability goals, particularly after the adoption of the EU Green Deal. The article analyzes the regulatory content of the environmental integration principle, the evolution of the EU Industrial Policy, and the role of the principle in shaping industrial strategies and legislative instruments. It also examines the Draft Regulation for a Net-Zero Industry Act as an example of the reorientation of the EU Industrial Policy. The text discusses the environmental integration principle, which requires the incorporation of environmental considerations into EU policies and activities to promote sustainable development. The principle is set in Article 11 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and applies to all policies and activities outside of environmental policy. It has both procedural and substantive components, with the latter requiring that environmental considerations influence decision-making processes and balance competing interests. The exact contours of the principle's substantive content are difficult to determine due to the vague formulation of sustainable development objectives, but the EU Taxonomy Regulation provides a practical example of its implementation. The principle has become more significant with the adoption of the European Green Deal (EGD) and the need to achieve concrete environmental and climate objectives. The text discusses the evolution of the EU Industrial Policy and its integration of environmental considerations. It highlights the shift towards a more market-oriented approach and the inclusion of measures to facilitate the transition to a low-carbon and resource-efficient economy. The text also mentions the role of regional [Extracted from the article]

At the end of the 20th century, most industrial cities faced a massive phase of de-industrialisation, resulting in abandoned areas. However, these areas, rich in history and heritage, can represent significant resources for the regeneration of entire territories. Adaptive Reuse (AR) is one of the most appropriate strategies for the sustainable regeneration of brownfield sites: it gives new life to a 'dead' land, extending its use value so that it can continue to be enjoyed both by present and future generations. Decision-making processes concerning Industrial Heritage Adaptive Reuse (IHAR) cannot ignore the role that 'intrinsic value' plays in orienting development choices in such areas. Adopting participatory decision-making processes enables the inclusion of different values and interests of the stakeholders and, at the same time, increasing their awareness about the decision-making problem, thus reducing conflicts. This contribution intends to propose an evaluation framework to assess the multidimensional impacts of IHAR, considering the different values characterising them, and to support decision-making processes for the identification of the 'preferable' transformation scenario. This evaluation framework is applied, through the use of the TOPSIS multi-criteria evaluation method, in the case study of the ex-Italsider area in Bagnoli district (Naples, Italy), an industrial steel plant decommissioned in the early 1990s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-industrial era, many cities have experienced the decline of heavy industry and traditional manufacturing, leading to the widespread emergence of brownfields. These often cluster geographically, forming "brownfield clusters" characterized by shared spatial and functional traits. Our research examined these phenomena within 10 resource-exhausted cities in China, employing kernel density analysis to explore the spatial dynamics within and among these clusters and their urban contexts. We identified three distinct spatial relationships between brownfield clusters and their host cities (coupling, juxtaposition, and encircling), with a detailed case study in Huangshi City further classifying the clusters into five categories based on their dominant factors, spatial morphologies, types of brownfields, and internal dynamics. The study reveals that the spatial configurations of brownfield clusters are significantly influenced by geographic features, transportation infrastructure, and policy frameworks. Based on these findings, we propose targeted regeneration strategies for each cluster type. This research not only enhances our understanding of brownfield challenges and opportunities in China's resource-exhausted cities but also serves as a valuable reference for other cities and regions worldwide facing similar challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brownfields consist of abandoned and disused sites, spanning many former purposes. Brownfields represent a heterogenous yet ubiquitous exposure for many Americans, which may contain hazardous wastes and represent urban blight. Neonates and pregnant individuals are often sensitive to subtle environmental exposures. We evaluate if residential exposure to lead (Pb) brownfields is associated with birth defects. Methods: Using North Carolina birth records from 2003 to 2015, we sampled 169,499 births within 10 km of a Pb brownfield with 3255 cardiovascular, central nervous, or external defects identified. Exposure was classified by binary specification of residing within 3 km of a Pb brownfield. We utilized multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographic covariates available from birth records and 2010 Census to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Effect measure modification was assessed by inclusion of interaction terms and stratification for the potential modifiers of race/ethnicity and diabetes status. Results: We observed positive associations between cardiovascular birth defects and residential proximity to Pb brownfields, OR (95%CI): 1.15 (1.04, 1.26), with suggestive positive associations for central nervous 1.16 (0.91, 1.47) and external defects 1.19 (0.88, 1.59). We did observe evidence of effect measure modification via likelihood ratio tests (LRT) for race/ethnicity for central nervous and external defect groups (LRT p values 0.08 and 0.02). We did observe modification by diabetes status for the cardiovascular group (LRT p value 0.08). Conclusions: Our results from this analysis indicate that residential proximity to Pb brownfields is associated with cardiovascular birth defects with suggestive associations for central nervous and external defects. In‐depth analyses of individual defects and other contaminants or brownfield site functions may reveal additional novel associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brownfield regeneration is considered a crucial aspect of urban revitalisation, offering indispensable opportunities for socially, economically, and ecologically sustainable development and land resource reuse in the framework of urban structural transformation. Nevertheless, only a limited number of studies have sought to offer a comprehensive and quantitative study of this subject matter. As a result, this study has conducted a systematic, global review of brownfield regeneration in the context of urban renewal research. By means of quantitative analysis and visual knowledge mapping based on CiteSpace and VOSViewer tools, the research explains the network of theoretical collaboration among different countries, highlights research phasing, focal points, and trends, and critically discusses the global challenges integrated with social, ecological, economic, and political sustainability goals. This study offers researchers and practitioners alike a systematic and visual analysis of the principal research themes and trends in brownfield regeneration and global urban renewal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to describe the advantages and weaknesses of participatory mapping and to compare them with a questionnaire survey. This case study focuses on two medium-sized cities and their surrounding municipalities, Ostrava (OV) and Hradec Kralove (HK), both located in the Czech Republic. The study works with a questionnaire survey from the research agency STEM/MARK (n=536, PAPI method 86%, CAWI method 14%) from 2022. The main objective of this research was to find out the mobility goals of seniors. Overall, respondents reported 479 goals, with respondents identifying 23 types of important goals in HK and 24 types in OV, with shopping (37 and 24% respectively), doctor (19 and 22%), family (10 and 13%), walking (8 and 6%) and friends (5 and 4%) identified as top priorities. Maximum clustering was assessed at a distance of 370 m for web mapping targets (p<0.05). Survey targets reached maximum clustering at a distance of 140 m in HK and 200 m in OV (p<0.05). The results of web mobility mapping show that natural places and parks are the most common attractive places for respondents. On the other hand, in OV, locations with noisy people or homeless people, as well as industry and brownfields, are identified as repulsive places. In HK, roads, traffic and some public buildings are perceived as the main repulsive places. The perception of railway stations is ambiguous. This study contributes to the discussion on the validity of participatory mapping, showing the importance of careful survey design and data preprocessing. The results from the web mapping were compared with the results from the questionnaire survey (PAPI method) to better describe the advantages and weaknesses of web mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comprehensive emergency medical service (EMS) system significantly enhances a city's capacity to prevent and mitigate disasters. Using Huangshi as a case study, this research evaluated the service radium coverage rate of the current EMS system by examining its transport capacity, population density, and prevalence rate, finding it to be only 61.49% with an inefficient spatial layout. To address this, we proposed transforming urban brownfields into EMS parks. By selecting the most suitable brownfields based on capacity and service radius, we increased the coverage rate to 90.21%. We introduced a new "consultation-referral" model, where existing EMS facilities serve as pre-diagnosis and triage centers, and the urban brownfield EMS parks function as isolation and centralized treatment centers. GIS network analysis confirmed the feasibility, showing all transit times to be under 30 min. The methodology outlined in this study—comprising "demand assessment, supply optimization, and feasibility verification"—not only strengthens the city's EMS system but also facilitates the renewal of urban brownfields. This approach can serve as a valuable reference for enhancing EMS systems in other cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is the first in a series of three that describes the development and delivery of the Environmental Health and Land Reuse (EHLR) Basic Training and the first pilot of the EHLR Immersion Training. The EHLR Basic Training is based on the 5-step Land Reuse Model from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Through a collaboration with the National Environmental Health Association (NEHA), we developed the EHLR Basic Training in two modalities: virtual/live (maintained by ATSDR) and online/asynchronous (maintained by NEHA). The modules include: 1) Engaging With Your Community, 2) Evaluating Environmental and Health Risks, 3) Communicating Environmental and Health Risks, 4) Redesigning With Health in Mind, and 5) Measuring Success: Evaluating Environmental and Health Change. From June 2019--August 2022, ATSDR and NEHA delivered 10 EHLR Classroom Basic Trainings, launched the EHLR Online Basic Training, and developed the EHLR Immersion Training. We piloted the EHLR Immersion Training in July 2022, March 2023, and July 2023. Our participants included science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) students from Diné College who were in a Summer Intern Program; tribal environmental professionals; NEHA members in environmental health careers; and environmental professionals, students, and community members who were engaged in environmental work or environmental justice. We have learned that individual training modules can be used for specific learning needs among our participants. Perhaps more importantly, we have learned that undergraduate students and community members can and should be engaged in EHLR Training. The results of the evaluation and longterm follow-up of the EHLR Training will be presented in the second and third articles in this series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internationally, brownfield regeneration projects are delivered through public-private partnerships that form complex legal and structural delivery mechanisms. Utilizing private-sector finance and skills is an accepted practice to reduce financial risk for the public sector while delivering profits for the private sector. This article explores three international brownfield regeneration schemes. It highlights how and why financial risk remains within the public sector from the outset or returns to the public sector over time, despite the initial rhetoric for this burden to be carried mainly by the private sector. The analysis improves the empirical understanding of financial risk dynamics in brownfield regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Military-industrial practices have left widespread contamination affecting land, water, air, and human and nonhuman bodies. This article uses decolonial analysis to examine the racial-colonial foundations that underlie contemporary efforts to reuse former U.S. military land for development projects. Interrelating scholarship on security and development with that of militarization and political ecology, I use "geosocial spectacle" to probe the material and pedagogical governance, frontier logics, and colonial aesthetics that emerge through land remediation and redevelopment. Featuring two military sites within U.S. base closure and realignment—the U.S. Front Range area of Colorado and former U.S. unincorporated territory of the Panama Canal Zone—the article delineates and expounds on two types of U.S. military land conversions: brownfields and biodiversity recreation. The article interrelates the conversion of contaminated land in both cases as waste frontier that facilitates ongoing cycles of land repossession as a form of dispossession and containment or denial of war. The article concludes by advocating for decolonial studies of the global color line entrenched by the U.S. Pentagon's ongoing climate colonialism, to subvert the compartmentalized harms of war and capitalist extraction, and to galvanize explicitly anticolonial, antiracist land reuse and governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrologic dynamics, sewage and industries determine the distribution and migration pathways of heavy metals in the natural environments including soils across the urbanized area. In this study, 323 stratified soil samples from a brownfield in Jiangsu Province, China, were collected to assess the heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, As and Hg) contaminations. Contamination factor (Cfi), Nemerow pollution index (PIN) and enrichment factor (EFi) were evaluated to assess the heavy metal pollution, while sources of pollution were identified in combination with geo‐statistical, correlations and principal components analysis. Moreover, transport of Ni in soil profiles over the next 30 years was simulated using HYDRUS. The vertical distribution revealed that the soil surface (0–10 cm) had the highest concentration of heavy metal contamination. ICP‐MS measurements showed that the soil in the brownfield was enriched with Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, As and Hg, where Ni was the most severe and prevalent contaminant. The results of source apportionment analysis showed that Ni, Cd, Pb and Cu were mainly derived from building materials and sewage discharge, while As and Hg may come from fossil fuel combustion and agricultural discharges from upstream river catchment. The migration of Ni was largely driven by the combination of hydrological variability including the flow and solute contaminant gradients in soils. Our work highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of hydrology, and sewage discharge in heavy metal dynamics and migration pathways in China's brownfield soil at regional and national scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to provide an improved and more comprehensive understanding of the concept and theories on wasteland. It achieves this by focusing on the Indian context, allowing us to unpack the importance of including multiple perspectives of wasteland narratives; this means including more positive narratives of the potential of wasteland to inform and improve prospects for land policies in the Global South. Wasteland is commonly recognized as an underutilized category of land that may transform into a valuable resource base with proper management measures. The term waste has multiple angles that carry different notions ranging from fallow to agroforestry land in the Global South and brownfield to green space in the Global North. We conduct a narrative review approach to qualitatively analyze the concept of wastelands, which has been studied in the pre-existing literature from 1970 to the present. This unsystematic literature review approach incorporates multiple elements of wasteland discourse, like understanding the meaning of the term on a global scale, setting out the meaning of the term waste into multiple perspectives explicitly in the Indian context, along with different classes and management approaches to wasteland from a national perspective. The multiple perspectives of wasteland not only generate misconceptions of land resources but spawn difficulties in land-use policy, particularly for the Indian scenario. For sustainable land-use policy, reclaiming wasteland would be the best possible way for India and other countries in the Global South, which requires a comprehensive methodological overview on wasteland narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper discusses the Field Development Plan (FDP) - 2020 of a brownfield which recommends drilling 3 infill producers to boost oil production. The study aims to address the mismatch in Gas Oil Ratio (GOR) in the existing model by incorporating uncertainty analysis in the simulation model. The methodology includes a top-down approach through the synthesis of the pressure-production behaviour, the evolution of GOR in wells/fields and the possible presence of a hidden gas cap. The findings of the present study demonstrate that by incorporating a small initial gas cap in the up-dip area of the field that any well has not penetrated, a significant improvement in GOR match and its early evolution in wells/fields are beautifully captured. The introduction of the initial gas cap has necessitated re-positioning and shifting of 3 infill producers away from the gas cap to maximise oil production. A novel two-pronged approach has been recommended for enhancing the water injection rate by 3-4 folds through a combination of a powered water injection system (already in place) and conversion of one of the existing injectors to a dump flooder on a pilot basis to ensure uninterrupted water injection in the field given the frequent power outages in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to provide a tectonostratigraphic model of the Miocene carbonate reservoirs accumulated in Bakr-Al-Hamd ridge to help unlock an estimated statistical yet-to-find over 10 MMbbl of oil. The structural ridge is located in the western central Gulf of Suez and the hydrocarbon exploration within this NE-dipping structural high began in 1951. The model integrated several interpreted 3-D seismic volumes and their attributes, a complete set of well-log data, borehole images, and the resultant extensional structures from the natural and physical models. The structural model proposed the following: (1) a major gulf-parallel curved and faulted detachment between the two differentially strained sections of Miocene and Pre-Miocene sediments which were distinguished by seismic attributes and confirmed by borehole images, (2) the synthetic Gulf-parallel faults which represent footwall collapsing structural style of extensional faults, delineated Al Hamd Miocene Nullipore carbonate reservoir, (3) south-westward dislocation of the western gulf-parallel boundary fault of Al Hamd Nullipore facies and its allocation at the present-day shoreline, (4) three classification of the Miocene carbonate reef were interpreted; fringe reef in Bakr ridge, barrier reef in Al-Hamd, and patch reef in the intra-field. The achievements of the present study prompted exploration activity and two discoveries were announced in 2021 and 2022 in the vicinity of Bakr and Al-Hamd intra-fields. The recent discoveries penetrated more than 200 m of Miocene carbonate reef and dolomitic reservoirs accumulated on the detachment surface. The present study workflow could be used in similar petroliferous rift basins to maximize hydrocarbon resources, enhance production performance, and revive brownfields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Miscanthus × giganteus (M × g) is a promising energy crop in phytotechnology with biomass production. Despite considerable vegetation and harvest under varying climate conditions and across different soils, field-scale studies on utilising M × g remain scarce. Analysing the literature and our own findings, this study intends to highlight the potential of M × g phytotechnology for revitalising non-agricultural lands (NAL), including brownfields, and illustrate the expediency of applying biochar to enhance biomass yield, energy efficiency, and economic feasibility. To validate the feasibility of M × g production on brownfields, two scenarios within the value chain "biomass–biogas–electricity" for green harvest were examined. The assumptions were as follows: (1) a methane yield of 5134 m3 ha−1 y−1, and (2) substrate-specific methane yields of 247 and 283 mL (g oDM)−1 for the first and subsequent years, respectively. The findings suggest that Scenario 2 is better suited for cultivating M × g on brownfields/NAL, being more sensitive and eliminating inaccuracies and the generalisations of results. From the third year onward, the revenue of M × g production on biochar-amended brownfields showed greater potential for future profitability. Future research should confirm the positive trend in the energy efficiency ratio of M × g phytotechnology on a larger scale, particularly in real brownfield applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Brownfields are increasingly called upon to be transformed from potentially contaminated, often vacant properties into community assets that provide multiple benefits. Further, brownfields revitalization can provide critical opportunities and, particularly, nature-based solutions can enhance multiple ecological, human health, and economic benefits. Through a series of non- exhaustive surveys of existing examples of environmental benefits of cleanups, case study examples of brownfield cleanups achieving environmental benefits, and potential ecosystem services tools relevant to steps of a brownfields cleanup effort, we explore practical ideas for enhancing environmental benefits of brownfields cleanups by applying ecosystem services concepts. Examples of nature-based solutions, where appropriate, include the use of rain gardens, permeable pavements, green spaces, and the use of green technologies. Further, this article provides an overview of recent policy initiatives focused on nature-based solutions and enhancing ecosystem services in brownfields cleanup, revitalization, and reuse. Our goals are to increase the knowledge base on these opportunities and discuss how these concepts can be achieved through sharing success stories, making outreach materials accessible, and holding workshops to help successfully operationalize these concepts in a community's visioning for upcoming revitalization projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adaptive reuse of industrial heritage has the potential to create distinctive cityscapes. Based on a comparative study of the regeneration of two former brownfield sites in Norway, we analyse the role industrial heritage plays in the initial planning phases. By using branding and brandscaping as a point of departure, we ask how textual and visual presentations are integrated in the early planning documents as a way to signalise the role assigned to industrial heritage. The method used is referred to as an intertextual plan study and combines two methodological stances: a critical reading of planning documents and case study approach. Key terms such as culture, history, quality and conservation are frequently used in the reports. Although a considerable group of photos and images provide positive associations to evoke atmosphere, the actual number of historical buildings and infrastructures selected for adaptive reuse is limited. In the initial planning phases industrial heritage through text and images functions primarily as a rhetoric means in branding the sites' future character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feeding nine billion people by 2050 will be a challenge due to climate change. There is a significant portion of abandoned and unused marginal lands across the nation and in the Puglia region, in Southern Italy. Innovative techniques and practices in the frame of climate-smart agriculture can help rehabilitate marginal lands into productive and profitable areas. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on marginal areas in Puglia, responding to the lack of information in this context and evaluate their revitalization potential. We systematically reviewed the literature on unused/marginal areas and identified related studies dealing with different types of marginal areas and their potential for sustainable rural development. Marginal areas in Puglia represent a range of historical rural landscapes that support biodiversity, the economy, and ecological services. However, the analysis of the current situation in Puglia's marginal areas indicates a lack of infrastructure and scarce resources, which led to land abandonment and the migration of local residents, resulting in the deterioration of the ecological system. Therefore, establishing a sustainable policy is crucial for preserving the local heritage and economy of the region. However, policymakers should carefully study the challenges and opportunities arising from local contexts before embarking on ambitious place-based innovation strategies. The analysis indicates that both biophysical and socio-economic factors are strategic elements for improving the revitalization potential of marginal areas for sustainable development. This review provides useful information regarding the revitalization potential of marginal areas for food, feed, and non-food production, which is crucial in the implementation of a sustainable development strategy for rural communities in Puglia but can also be applied to similar areas in other countries. However, the success of the sustainable development strategy in Puglia's marginal areas should consider the vital function of farmers' self-organization and social capital as key factors in the adoption of agricultural innovations for the revitalization of these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Compostable materials constitute roughly half of waste generated globally, but only 5% of waste is actually processed through composting, suggesting that expanding compost programs may be an effective way to process waste. Compostable waste, if properly collected and processed, has value‐added end use options including: residential and park landscaping, remediation of brownfield sites, and as growing media in urban agriculture (UA). Since 2001, our lab has partnered with The Food Project, a non‐profit focused on youth leadership development through urban farming. From 2006 to 2022 we collected compost materials that were delivered to the farm from a variety of local sources and analyzed a suite of biogeochemical properties including lead (Pb) concentrations, organic carbon, and grain size distribution. Pb concentrations of Boston's municipal compost always exceeded the current City of San Francisco soil and compost purchase standard (80 μg/g). In 2012 Boston's composting program was halted when it exceeded the 400 μg/g Environmental Protection Agency's Pb in soil benchmark. Urban Pb is geomobile and must be managed to minimize resuspension and transport of fines whose Pb concentration is often elevated compared to bulk compost. Consequently, urban farmers have to source lower Pb compost from suburban suppliers at significantly greater cost. Over a 15 year period and through several city vendor contracts, Pb concentrations in municipal compost remain at levels that warrant continued surveillance and risk assessment. Plain Language Summary: Locally sourced compost is the life blood of urban agriculture (UA). It is used to fill raised beds, added as a soil amendment to increase carbon contents, and helps manage soil moisture. In the greater Boston area, consistent access to compost low in fugitive lead (Pb) and rich in nutrients is limited. Starting in 2006, our lab began collecting compost delivered to The Food Project, a non‐profit urban farm in Dorchester, MA. The Pb concentrations consistently exceeded California's compost benchmark of 80 μg/g and in 2012, Boston's composting program was halted because it exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency Pb in soil benchmark of 400 μg/g. We demonstrate that geochemical fingerprinting management of feedstocks can yield consistent, quality compost. This supports the growing urban farming movement. Rather than treating organic urban waste streams as a problem to manage solely around cost control, design collection and processing approaches must minimize all fugitive contaminants so that these carbon sources can support UA, increase food sovereignty, and promote environmental justice. Key Points: Municipal composting represents an opportunity to transform waste and create media that critically support Urban Agriculture (UA)Resuspended legacy Pb from urban soils contaminates urban compost through commonly sourced feedstocks, resulting in elevated Pb levelsPb in compost can reach levels of public health concern requiring geochemically informed, health protective benchmarks for compost Pb [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores how modeling the human well-being benefits of ecosystem restoration and management can enhance environmental decision-making. Topics discussed include the integration of ecosystem services into decision processes, the use of various quantitative and qualitative tools to assess and manage these services, and the importance of stakeholder engagement and community involvement in successful restoration projects.

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While new production areas (greenfields) have state-of-the-art technologies for implementing digitalization, existing production areas (brownfields) and devices must first be upgraded with technologies before digitalization can be implemented. The aim of this research work is to use a case study to identify the differences in the implementation of machine learning (ML) projects in brownfields and greenfields. For this purpose, an ML application for the detection of changeover times on milling machines is implemented and analyzed in the brownfield and greenfield scenarios as well as a combined scenario. Particular attention is paid to the selection of sensors and features. It was found that the abundant availability of features in the greenfield scenario poses pitfalls when creating ML projects if the underlying sensors cannot be checked for their suitability. For the changeover detector use case, the best model quality was achieved for the combined scenario, followed by the greenfield scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brownfields have been receiving significant attention all over the world because of their potential threats to the environment and public health. However, a funding shortage constitutes the main obstacle to the brownfield remediation (BR). In China, to ease financial dilemmas, the governments seek collaborations with private-sector companies, i.e., the Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode. Despite all the benefits, BR and PPP contain high risks, making stakeholders extremely cautious about investing in such projects. To support the decision-making process of the public and private parties, this paper designs a comprehensive approach to evaluate the risks of BR PPP projects in China. In more detail, several commonly used risk methods, such as TOPSIS, GRE, and FSE, are employed to construct a combined risk evaluation process, which applies multiple combined evaluation techniques to iteratively integrate individual results from those methods until a valid common result is achieved. To show the practical implementation procedure of the proposed combined approach, a hypothetical case study is performed to assess the risks of seven BR PPP projects. The analytical process also verifies that the consistency and reliability of the risk evaluation result can be achieved effectively and efficiently by jointly deploying multiple risk methods through combined techniques. The proposed decision framework facilitates a novel research idea in evaluating complicated risk situations, and can be applied to other similar scenarios where uncertainties and inconsistencies are inevitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-socialistic space, old, industrialised regions are not only dealing with problems with the regeneration of industrial brownfields but also with the occurrence of post-agricultural brownfields. The main objective of this paper is to identify and interpret how a successful network of cooperating actors was formed that participated in the process of transforming an agricultural brownfield into a successful rural business zone. From a methodological perspective, the article is based on the findings derived from a set of written memories with ten key actors who were involved in the redevelopment process. The studied regeneration project, which was implemented thanks to the successful cooperation of network of actors both from different hierarchical levels (local, regional and central level) and from the different sectors (public, private and non-profit sector), regenerated an area of 10.4 hectares thanks to both public and private investments of approximately CZK 240 million. Regeneration contributed to the creation of approximately 450 new jobs, and thanks to this project, the population in Třanovice also increased significantly in the transition period (1991–2021), which the studied community positively distinguishes from the shrinking urban centres and rural communities in the post-industrial neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The remediation and redevelopment of industrially contaminated land are complex challenges for urban regions worldwide. Yet the literature on urban brownfields mostly addresses this as a technical problem through dichotomic and anthropocentric terms, contrasting the passive and negative role of the contamination as a toxic entity in the ground with the active and positive roles assigned to human actors such as planners, developers and communities. This article contests this prevalent view by tracing in detail debates concerning the remediation of three highly contaminated military‐industrial brownfield sites in the Tel Aviv metropolitan region. Drawing on notions of ontological multiplicity and enactment from science and technology studies and on qualitative analysis of a vast database of planning protocols and court hearings alongside interviews with key stakeholders, we uncover how contamination is enacted in multiple ways as mobile/immobile, unified/fragmented, remediable/irremediable. Furthermore, following one of our field's inherent controversies—whether to fully map the contamination prior to planning the sites—the article highlights the attempts to regulate this multiplicity and replace it with a single coherent contamination. By acknowledging the multiple enactments of contamination, our approach offers a more nuanced understanding that could help stakeholders rethink the remediation and redevelopment of urban brownfields beyond simplistic technical solutions or neoliberal policy imperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to assess the developmental priorities of municipalities as they reflect the current policy objectives of the Czech Republic and the European Union, with a focus on the Green Deal and accelerating developmental changes in the external environment. To this end, the key priorities of the Just Transition Fund programme, which is designed for structurally affected regions in the Czech Republic, were selected. Specifically, these included themes in the areas of energy, waste management, transport, brownfield revitalisation and education. The method for obtaining information on the attitudes of municipalities was a questionnaire survey in 160 municipalities within the Ústí nad Labem Region, which also helped to assess the differences between small and large municipalities. The research found that municipalities are prioritising development in energy and waste treatment. At the same time, small municipalities, with under 1000 inhabitants, are slower to develop projects than larger municipalities, and larger municipalities were also more aware of the importance of sustainability issues for future municipal development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 30 years, US-based research on contaminated and potentially-contaminated sites, or brownfields, has grown from defining the scope and size of the environmental, health and economic risks posed by abandoned manufacturing sites to exploring and documenting site-specific and area-wide impacts of their cleanup and revitalisation. From early and varied research on environmental and economic policy to equity and public impacts on minority communities, later research considered planning, adding case studies on sustainability and resilience to the scope of research covered. This review paper stems from exchanges of a long-standing network of academic, government agency, and practice professionals working to identify research, policy, and practice gaps. It traces the evolution of US brownfield revitalization research as was informed by, and informed, policy, program and practice. This review summarizes the literature and identifies research gaps and opportunities to further community and agency actions related to investigating, remediating, and redeveloping brownfield sites. It outlines site and area options to build climate resilience, strengthen community action for dismantling structural racism and disinvestment, and reduce the disproportionate risks experienced by communities of colour and areas of low income. The authors propose a new research agenda to address the gaps identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use planning plays a crucial role in urban planning by addressing urban needs, tackling land scarcity challenges, and determining the physical growth of cities. Urban redevelopment, specifically the revitalization of vacant and abandoned lands, serves as an effective strategy to optimize land utilization, mitigate pollution, and enhance the socioeconomic urban environment. In this study, a foresight approach is adopted, employing descriptive-analytical methods to conduct a structural analysis of the factors involved in infill development in the Bronsi barracks brownfields located in Mashhad. Data collection was conducted through secondary research and surveys, with a statistical sample comprising eight purposively selected urban experts. A total of 15 variables associated with sustainable brownfield planning were identified, encompassing physical-spatial, socioeconomic, managerial-institutional, and environmental aspects. These variables were further classified into five groups: influential, double-faceted, susceptible, independent, and regulatory. To evaluate the relationships among the variables, the Micmac software was utilized, and subsequent scenarios including probable and favorable outcomes were determined. The analysis highlighted the priority of three key factors in inactive lands: land price, accessibility to services and facilities, and the number of land uses. These findings are of great significance and should be taken into consideration by urban decision-makers not only in the studied sites but also in similar areas.

Brownfields are increasingly called upon to be transformed from potentially contaminated, often vacant properties into community assets that provide multiple benefits. Further, brownfields revitalization can provide critical opportunities and, particularly, nature-based solutions can enhance multiple ecological, human health, and economic benefits. Through a series of non-exhaustive surveys of existing examples of environmental benefits of cleanups, case study examples of brownfield cleanups achieving environmental benefits, and potential ecosystem services tools relevant to steps of a brownfields cleanup effort, we explore practical ideas for enhancing environmental benefits of brownfields cleanups by applying ecosystem services concepts. Examples of nature-based solutions, where appropriate, include the use of rain gardens, permeable pavements, green spaces, and the use of green technologies. Further, this article provides an overview of recent policy initiatives focused on nature-based solutions and enhancing ecosystem services in brownfields cleanup, revitalization, and reuse. Our goals are to increase the knowledge base on these opportunities and discuss how these concepts can be achieved through sharing success stories, making outreach materials accessible, and holding workshops to help successfully operationalize these concepts in a community’s visioning for upcoming revitalization projects.

As an important part of urban renewal, brownfield restoration and renovation are of great significance to the sustainable development of cities. The structure-process-outcome theory was introduced into this study to improve the rationality and scientific vigor of the redevelopment assessment process and to evaluate whether brownfield sites meet the conditions for redevelopment. Based on this theory, the relationship among structures, processes and outcomes can be well elucidated. Specifically, a good structure should contribute to an effective process, which will increase the possibility of a favorable outcome. The basic conditions, practice principles, and result orientation in the whole procedure of brownfield redevelopment were comprehensively analyzed. In addition, a more complete and reasonable three-level evaluation index system for brownfield redevelopment was established. In order to reduce the subjectivity in the evaluation process, an unbiased scientific brownfield redevelopment evaluation model was constructed using the continuous ordered weighted averaging operator-topology method. The evaluation decision system was applied to the renovation of a tract project in Chengdu, China. The results proved that the model could effectively and accurately evaluate the quality level of the brownfield redevelopment project, and the proposed recommendations can provide a basis for decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience thinking refers to the need to be prepared for the unexpected and unknown. Museums have learned to adjust to societal changes, not least because of the recent global pandemic, which has necessitated the introduction of new ways of activating a diverse public. We discuss how resilience thinking can function as a promoter of the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage by including local heritage knowledge in the ongoing regeneration of former brownfield sites. The current sectoral barriers in the planning system prevent museums from being central participants, despite their well-established local anchoring. Intangible heritage can provide coherence and connection between old buildings, including technical structures and new buildings/infrastructure. This allows for options for museums to voice ongoing creative and critical input and appear as spokespersons for civic involvement. Museums' ability to facilitate local involvement needs to be acknowledged in urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brownfield redevelopment projects are often perceived as more risky than greenfield investment, and financing opportunities may be more limited and expensive. Different financial support projects have been developed to support regeneration projects, and empirical evidence has shown that all buildings near the intervention area may benefit from an increase in prices once the brownfield project is complete. The article considers the Connecticut market and evaluates the characteristics of the brownfield projects that had access to a financial support program (loan or grant), the impact of the regeneration process on the liquidity of the housing market, and the gap between the price and the appraisal value of the residential unit. Target areas for this type of financing program are mainly characterized by low income, a high density of population, a high incidence of homeowners, and a high crime rate. Once completed, the brownfield requalification has an impact on the housing market because the brownfield recovery reduces the number of house sales due to the increase in the average price in the surrounding area and makes the selling price more consistent with the appraisal valuation. The empirical evidence provided may be useful for public institutions that are suffering from budget constraints and have to prioritize areas for financial support solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Czech Republic, like many other European countries, is characterised by a large number of chateau buildings and sites. Historical events of the last century have caused that in the countries of the socalled Eastern Bloc the original use of these buildings was largely interrupted and the overall management of these properties was neglected. This, together with other factors, led to the creation of a large number of chateau brownfields, which are still visible in the Czech Republic today. The aim of this paper is to determine on the background of a descriptive analysis the key characteristics of chateau brownfields associated in particular with their localization and to reveal any similarities and differences that result from their location within selected LAU1 regions. The analysis is based on the primary research of 367 chateau buildings in 4 NUTS3 regions of the Czech Republic and is unique in its concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basic, nuts and bolts structural geology is the unheralded success story central to brownfields exploration that in Australia, and globally, has grown manyfold mineral deposits beyond the start-of-mine Reserve. Since the last (2012) meeting on applied structural geology and Resources, the topic has changed dramatically. Now, structural geology is practised daily and in house by most exploration and mining companies. A diversity of settings, host rocks, control and geometry make it critical to document precisely the rocks in front of the geologist as distinct to what is in a preconceived conceptual model. It is detail that makes for new discoveries and deposit extensions. Three-dimensional computer visualisation helps with volumetric thinking, but there remains no computer alternative to the 3D cognitive geologist. Now essential structural data are integrated with other data, but the product is a hypothesis to be tested, not a silver bullet. Lineations matter and inform. The primary deliverable is images, be they hand-drawn or computer-generated showing the inter-relationships of structure, lithology, mineralisation and mine-site infrastructure/design. With their important embedded knowledge, the geologist, who took the readings, should also be entering, plotting data, synthesising, modelling and presenting to management and Directors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The processes of active restructuring in the mining industry of many countries have entailed the physical closure of enterprises, accompanied by measures to mitigate their environmental and social impacts. Brownfields that emerged in districts with developed mining industries are predominantly perceived through a stereotypically flat, superficial, and narrowly literal lens. Adhering to such an approach is risky both in terms of ecology and in the aspect of economic losses incurred in territories with concentrated localization of mines. The article provides substantiation for the importance of perceiving brownfields within a threedimensional space, with due consideration given to geological deformations, dynamics of underground water and gas flows, and the potential of gravitational and geo-thermal energy. The authors propose interpreting brownfields as either operating or abandoned industrial sites with buildings and infrastructure facilities on the ground surface, as well as natural landscapes that are negatively affected by geological, hydrodynamic, and gas-dynamic processes characteristic of the disturbance of the subsoil due to underground or open-pit mining operations. The reuse and recycling of industrial waste accumulated within brownfields alone cannot ensure the survival of coal-mining towns. Similarly, depopulation cannot be halted solely through economic instruments. Thus, the strategy for the development of coal-mining towns should entail 'enlightened' restructuring in line with the ideas of 'Smart Shrinking'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental justice is an important topic that can be better understood by using the tools of economics. The author of this article describes a data integration exercise that connects data available through government portals: the Environmental Protection Agency's "Superfund Sites Where You Live" interactive map, data on Net Present Values from Superfund Records of Decisions (ROD), and FRED. Created with the principles of backward design, the exercise uses cooperative learning by having students take ownership of sites chosen for investigation, as well as build and test hypotheses regarding the relationship between per capita GDP and site location/cleanup cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water is a fundamental steelworks additional resource; its efficient management is crucial for process reliability, product quality and environmental sustainability. Within steelworks, water is exploited mainly for direct or indirect cooling and is usually reused and recycled after cooling and treatments to eliminate contaminants. However, bottlenecks often exist, limiting water management efficiency and increasing water consumption. These issues are mainly related to water treatments efficiency, lack of water parameters monitoring and the manual/semi-manual management of water networks. Furthermore, these aspects are generally associated with the plant's service life; brownfield sites are mostly affected. In these cases, improving sensor circuits coupled with decision support tools can support human decisions and lead to significant advantages. The paper discusses a potential application of such tools after new sensors installation in a use case concerning the minimization of the use of high-quality make-up-water for the indirect cooling system of a wire-rod mill in electric steelworks. The effectiveness of the described tool is shown, and the advantages are highlighted in terms of potential savings that can reach 95% and 4% of the current consumption of well and osmotic water in the considered circuit, respectively, corresponding to a saving of about 9400 m3/year of high-quality water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brownfields or objects of accumulated environmental damage are a complex object characterized by both the absorption and release of uncontrolled energy (for example, biogas or hydrothermal energy). The brownfield redevelopment process provides unique opportunities to ensure efficient energy transfer and maintain environmental stability. However, the implementation of these solutions depends on the quality of the assessment of the cumulative impact of unspent deposits, namely, the assessment of the damage caused to the environment, which, in turn, gives an understanding of how to ensure the elimination of damage to energy efficiency and environmental safety from uncontrolled carbon dioxide emissions. In this article, we consider the problems of assessing the cumulative effect of waste management activities, as a result of which abandoned deposits or objects of accumulated environmental damage appear. A cycle of measures to achieve socio-economic efficiency through the re-development of brownfields and their integration within energy-efficient systems and environmentally balanced systems is proposed, and a new concept of identifying the negative occurrence of brownfields under the influence of climate change is substantiated. Particularly, we assess the possibilities of integrating brownfields or objects of accumulated environmental damage into energy-efficient and environmentally balanced systems for goals of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the regeneration of a former textile factory in the Czech Republic, focusing on different types of actors and their distinctive rhythmicity. At least three types of actors with a distinct relation to time can be identified in the regeneration process: NGOs, municipal authorities, and private companies. NGOs tend to think with a long-term scope, municipal authorities have a four-year election period, and private companies plan time in months. The authors explore the question: how is the different rhythmicity of individual actors reflected in the process of negotiating brownfield regeneration in Ústí nad Orlicí, a small Czech town located outside metropolitan areas and development axes? We use an interpretive framework derived from Lefebvre's The Production of Space and Rhythmanalysis and analyze in-depth interviews with key actors of regeneration. At a general level, interconnections of the politics of time and the politics of space are explored. One of the main findings is that actors use specific combinations of time and space – in the form of slowing-down and speeding-up tools – in regeneration negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy developers often have not had enough tax capacity to utilize the tax credits and depreciation deductions generated by energy projects and so have traditionally monetized those tax benefits by bringing tax equity investors with sufficient tax liability into the projects through joint ventures. 9 The direct pay option is available to taxable entities for a limited period of time with respect to following three tax credits: section 45Q (Carbon Oxide Sequestration Credit), section 45V (Clean Hydrogen Production Tax Credit), and section 45X (Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit). The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) signed into law on August 16, 2022 has generated explosive interest in clean and renewable energy investment in the United States. [Extracted from the article]