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Multistatic imaging systems are commonly used in radar systems and microwave imaging. In these systems, many antennas are arranged three-dimensionally and connected to RF switches. The length of each transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) channel differs slightly, causing artifacts in high-resolution image reconstruction. This study presents a novel method for the phase calibration of multistatic systems. This method does not require system reconstruction and can automatically perform phase calibration in a short time. This method is expected to facilitate an accurate phase measurement in multistatic systems. The approach involves phase calibration by analyzing the reflection coefficients of antenna elements in the time domain. Imaging experiments were performed on a multistatic imaging system using this calibration method, and the position and shape of a metal rod with a diameter one-fourth of a wavelength were reconstructed by simple back-projection with an accuracy beyond the diffraction limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 13‐year‐old spayed female Pomeranian dog was presented for persistent, severe hypoglycemia (37 mg/dL; reference interval [RI] 75‐128 mg/dL). Progressive nonregenerative anemia (hematocrit 23.3%‐15.9%; RI 37.0%‐55.0%) and severe thrombocytopenia (36 000/µL; RI 200‐500 000/µL) were also noted. The serum insulin concentration was low (0.24 ng/mL; RI 0.302‐1.277 ng/mL). Computed tomography revealed multiple splenic nodules (1‐6 mm in diameter) and several hepatic nodules (7.6, 12 mm in diameter). Ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of the splenic and hepatic nodules revealed low numbers of epithelial cells with mild cellular atypia, suggestive of a metastatic epithelial tumor, but the primary site was unknown at that time. On careful oral examination under general anesthesia, an enlarged right tonsil was noted grossly, and histopathologic examination of the tonsil diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma. Bone marrow aspirates and biopsies of the splenic and hepatic nodules were performed; all samples were diagnosed as metastatic carcinoma on histopathologic examination. No nodules were present in the pancreas, despite careful palpation during exploratory laparotomy. On immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin AE1/3 and insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I but were negative for chromogranin A, PGP9.5, insulin, and inconclusive for IGF‐II. This is the first report of a primary IGF‐I‐producing squamous cell carcinoma in the tonsil of a dog with metastases to bone marrow, liver, and spleen, resulting in hypoglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY A compact Cherenkov free-electron laser operating in the terahertz spectral range is being developed. Analysis of the double-slab type optical resonator has clarified the resonant frequency, the small signal gain, and the saturation power of the device. One-dimensional simulation code predicted a small signal gain of 6% with a 50 kV/3.6 mA electron beam. The saturation power was estimated to be 90 mW. The out-coupling structure of the resonator was designed using 3D simulation code. A transmittivity of 3.0% and a spread angle of 0.4 rad were predicted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental investigation of a compact 40-kV diode-type photoelectric DC gun driven by 100 fs laser pulses revealed that the space-charge-limited current density could exceed 30 kA/cm2 and that the density increased linearly with the accelerating voltage. We explained these important properties by the balance between the cathode surface field and the field produced by sheet-like electron bunches near the cathode surface. Our simple physical model agreed well with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automatic wafer transportation system has been developed that is suitable for the LSI fabrication line. Design objectives have been to achieve a flexible wafer routing and flexible line construction ensuring a high degree of cleanliness. The system consists of a computer-controlled carriage system carrying wafer cassettes on a ceiling track, and standardized interface mechanisms installed on each equipment. This paper describes technical factors involved in the realization of flexible lines, and considers also fundamental track arrangement, carriage characteristics, a wafer-routing control method, and low dust mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective—To determine morbidity and fatalities in cats with hepatic lipidosis that received propofol to facilitate placement of a feeding tube. Study Design—Retrospective case series. Animals—44 cats with presumed primary hepatic lipidosis anesthetized for placement of a feeding tube. Procedures—Medical records from January 1995 through December 2004 were reviewed to identify cats that matched the inclusion criteria (histologic confirmation of hepatic lipidosis, anesthetized for placement of feeding tube, complete intensive care unit [ICU] records, and recorded outcome). Data extracted included age, body weight, sex, anesthetic drugs, drug dosages, type of feeding tube, duration of anesthesia, number of hours in ICU, administration of blood products, and survival until discharge from ICU. Results—44 cats (21 females and 23 males) were included in the analysis. Age range was 3 to 15 years (median, 8 years), and body weight ranged from 1.8 to 9.0 kg (4.0 to 19.8 lb), with a median of 4.8 kg (10.6 lb). Twenty-seven cats were administered propofol. There was no significant association between the use of propofol or the dosage of propofol and any risk factor, need for blood products, number of hours in the ICU, or survival. There was no significant difference between cats that received propofol and cats that did not receive propofol with regard to interval until discharge from the ICU. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The use of propofol did not increase morbidity or fatalities in cats with primary hepatic lipidosis. Thus, propofol can be used in these cats for placement of a feeding tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the use of multiphonon photoelectric process to generate electron beam for free-electron lasers. Characteristics of tungsten cathode irradiated by frequency-double laser; Dependence of current density on incident laser intensity; Correlation between the quantum yield and laser intensity.

Examines the oscillation of a waveguide free-electron laser using the coherent synchrotron radiation emitted from electron bunches. Dispersion of the radiation in the waveguide; Observation on the oscillating radiation; Influence of the resonator on the electrons.

The magnetic behavior of Co plates has been compared with those of Fe and Ni plates studied in a previous work. It was found that the factor of magnetization ηb for Co plates does not show abrupt reduction with decreasing thickness, and magnetic flux density Bm and magnetization Pm are similar to those of Fe plates rather than Ni plates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An adiabatic transition field in a solenoid-induced helical wiggler has been successfully generated using staggered Ni plates with different thicknesses of 6 to 0.1 mm. However, trials using Fe plates instead of Ni plates failed to generate a suitable adiabatic transition field. To elucidate these phenomena, the magnetic behavior of Ni and Fe plates with regard to the thickness dependence was studied by a fundamental electromagnetic calculation with the aid of a field calculation based on the finite element method. The magnetic flux density of a Ni plate increases and then decreases with the reduction in thickness from 6 to 0.8 mm and from 0.8 to 0.1 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the magnetic flux density of an Fe plate does not have a maximum but monotonically increases until the smallest thickness of 0.1 mm. The dependence of magnetic flux density on thickness differs between Ni and Fe plates. This difference explains the necessity of using a Ni plate for the adiabatic transition part of the wiggler. Furthermore, we estimated three types of demagnetizing factor depending on the thickness of the plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective--To evaluate the effect of acepromazine maleate administered IV on platelet function assessed in healthy dogs by use of a modified thromboelastography assay. Animals--6 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs. Procedures--Dogs received each of 3 treatments (saline [0.9% NaCl] solution [1 to 2 mL, IV] and acepromazine maleate [0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, IV]) in a randomized crossover study with a minimum 3-day washout period between treatments. From each dog, blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture immediately before and 30 and 240 minutes after administration of each treatment. A modified thromboelastography assay, consisting of citrated kaolin-activated (baseline assessment), reptilase-ADP-activated (ADP-activated), and reptilase-arachidonic acid (AA)-activated (AA-activated) thromboelastography, was performed for each sample. Platelet inhibition was evaluated by assessing the percentage change in maximum amplitude for ADP-activated or AA-activated samples, compared with baseline values. Percentage change in maximum amplitude was analyzed by use of Skillings-Mack tests with significance accepted at a family-wise error rate of P < 0.05 by use of Bonferroni corrections for multiple comparisons. Results--No significant differences were found in the percentage change of maximum amplitude from baseline for ADP-activated or AA-activated samples among treatments at any time. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance---Platelet function in dogs, as assessed by use of a modified thromboelastography assay, was not inhibited by acepromazine at doses of 0.05 or 0.1 mg/kg, IV. This was in contrast to previous reports in which it was suggested that acepromazine may alter platelet function via inhibition of ADP and AA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine whether serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration could be used to detect gallbladder rupture (GBR) prior to surgery in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for treatment of gallbladder mucocele (GBM)., Animals: 45 dogs that underwent cholecystectomy because of GBM at a companion animal referral hospital from 2017 to 2020., Procedures: Electronic medical records were reviewed, and dogs were included if serum CRP concentration had been measured within 24 hours prior to cholecystectomy. Dogs were grouped as to whether the gallbladder was found to be ruptured or intact during surgery. Accuracy of using preoperative CRP concentration to predict GBR was compared with accuracy of abdominal ultrasonography and other preoperative blood tests., Results: GBR was present in 15 dogs at the time of surgery. Median preoperative CRP concentration was significantly higher in dogs with GBR (15.1 mg/dL; interquartile range, 7.4 to 16.8 mg/dL) than in dogs with an intact gallbladder (2.65 mg/dL; interquartile range, 0.97 to 13.4 mg/dL). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of using preoperative CRP concentration to predict GBR were 100%, 67%, and 78%, respectively., Clinical Relevance: Measurement of preoperative CRP concentration provided excellent sensitivity and moderate specificity for detection of GBR in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy because of GBM. Accuracy of using preoperative CRP concentration for detection of GBR was not superior to the accuracy of preoperative abdominal ultrasonography. However, when CRP concentration was combined with results of ultrasonography, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detection of GBR were 100%, 93%, and 96%, respectively.

The Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) is a major human eosinophil protein that readily crystallizes; these crystals are common in eosinophilic diseases. Although anecdotal existence of these crystals is known in veterinary pathology, definitive reports do not exist, to our knowledge. We identified eosinophilic crystals in a laryngeal myxosarcoma from a 2-y-old, spayed female, Labrador Retriever dog that were tentatively interpreted as CLCs. However, Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain was negative, arguing against CLCs. The crystals stained red with Masson trichrome, precluding collagen. Periodic acid-Schiff and alcian blue were negative. The crystals stained positively with Okajima, and no myoglobin immunoreactivity was detected, supporting their identity as hemoglobin crystals. In the absence of a hematologic abnormality, these crystals were interpreted to be abnormal hemoglobin breakdown products. Protein sequence comparison was pursued to determine whether a protein similar to CLC exists in mammals. Only 3 nonhuman primate species, the Sumatran orangutan ( Pongo abelii), rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis), had a sequence similarity of >80%. Of the crystal-forming residues, 12 of 54 (22%) were different in the Sumatran orangutan and 15 of 54 (28%) were different in the Macaca spp., which may affect the crystallization process. The lack of reports of CLCs in nonhuman species and our results collectively suggest that CLCs are human-specific.

WBN/Kob-Ht rats (Ht-rats) raised under conventional conditions spontaneously developed dermatitis. In this study, we carried out histopathological analysis to elucidate the pathological features of the dermatitis in Ht-rats. We then tried to detect Staphylococcus species recovered from the skin lesions of Ht-rats. We also measured the serum levels of total IgE, IL-4 and IFN-gamma in these rats. The histopathological data indicated that inflammatory cells had infiltrated the skin lesions. Staphylococcus aureus was recovered from the skin lesions, and the serum levels of total IgE and IL-4 were elevated in Ht-rats with dermatitis. These results suggest that dermatitis in Ht-rats is similar to that in the DS-Nh mice, which has recently been proposed as an animal model for human atopic dermatitis.