Search

Whey is a residue of the dairy industry and its polluting potential can surpass that of domestic sewage due to its high chemical and biochemical oxygen demands, COD and BOD, respectively. This is attributed to its composition, being rich in proteins, lactose, minerals, and vitamins, and presents a challenge in terms of its disposal. In this regard, membrane separation processes have received much attention in recent years, especially to recover the whey protein. The aim of this review is to disseminate previously studied alternatives for the recovery of the main whey components, adding value, and minimizing the environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technologies for generating energy through fossil fuels have been increasingly being replaced. In this scenario, environmentally friendly innovations have gained space, one of the branches of renewable energy is solar energy that, through photovoltaic panels, converts the irradiation into electricity or heat. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present a patent analysis, carried out with the aid of text mining, through an algorithm developed for this purpose, using the R language, in order to identify the stage of technological development of photovoltaic panels. As results, we observed that there has been an increase in patent deposits in recent years, resulting in greater efficiency and lower cost of the modules. Innovations have been identified in several areas of knowledge, hybrid technologies (panels that generate electricity and heat), manufacturing methods, fast assembly systems and self-cleaning systems are among them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]