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The application of an integrative approach in fairy tale therapy is a cutting-edge method for safeguarding the mental well-being of the younger generation in the era of digital education. The unique aspect of integrative fairy tale therapy is the integration of various methodologies, pedagogical approaches, linguistic techniques, art history, and psychotherapeutic methods within a single fairy tale framework. These are then tailored to the individual psyches of children, with the aim of fostering a well-rounded and healthy personality. Utilising fairy tale therapy techniques in the spiritual and moral growth of students can provide valuable insights into the effective implementation of fairy tale therapy programmes for preschoolers and schoolchildren. These programmes are rooted in the rich oral folk art of the Kazakh people and encompass a harmonious blend of spiritual, national, and universal values. The article reveals theoretical and methodological, general cultural and educational, psychological aspects of the study of fairy tale therapy as an integrative technology. The literature review of the main types of fairy tale therapy is also carried out, the functions of fairy tales are reveale. The educational, developmental, and cognitive possibilities of fairy tales are extensively utilised in academic and correctional-developmental activities with students. The importance of preparing future philologists, art historians, social teachers, psychologists, and kindergarten teachers in utilising fairy tale therapy techniques as an integrative technology is emphasised. The article discusses the theoretical, methodological, cultural, educational, and psychological aspects of fairy tale therapy as an integrative technology. This research is funded by the State Institution "Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan" under the project IRN AP19679368, which aims to preserve the psychological health of the younger generation in the context of digitalization of education.

This study explores the reading strategies (RSs) of bilingual and monolingual young learners in their first and second languages (L1 and L2, respectively)--either Kazakh or Russian as the L1 and L2--and English as a foreign language (L3). It also examines the influence of RSs on the learners' performance on reading comprehension tests in the three languages. The test results showed significant differences in L1, L2, and L3.The results for reading achievement were generally poor but significantly different between the monolinguals and bilinguals. No significant gender differences were found in the reading test results or in the use of reading strategies while reading. However, the analysis indicated that although the probability of using other strategies while completing the tasks in L1, L2, and L3 was clear, more bilingual learners used advanced RSs than monolinguals. The findings on RSs provide an in-depth understanding of the differences between young, bilingual, and monolingual Kazakhstani learners in their use of RSs while reading in their respective languages. The results have significant implications for practice, suggesting placing more emphasis on developing reading strategies while learning how to read in the first and second languages.

Our study intends to investigate novel approaches and strategies for assisting high school students in choosing their career routes. Our methodology blends theoretical foundations with empirical verification, integrating unconventional methods that, although controversial in scholarly circles, present fresh insights. In light of the significant changes in public discourse that have occurred in the 21st century, it is critical that the country’s youth get good career guidance. The process of determining one’s life and career path begins well in advance of enrolling in a university or college, frequently in the early years of education. Therefore, it becomes necessary for comprehensive schools to create settings that support sound vocational orientation and self-discovery. Considering the current trends, it is imperative that our educational institutions improve the caliber of job counseling. We have incorporated components of the approaches advocated by a well-known German consultant, coach, and speaker who is well-known throughout the world and whose works have had a lasting impact on the area.

The standards for the personal attributes of graduates of educational institutions, especially those with special needs, evolve in response to shifts in society. After all, they integrate seamlessly into society. Graduates must cultivate socially significant personal attributes in order to boost their flexibility. The application of technological components for the growth of critical thinking facilitates this. A person’s personality is formed, and the development of their critical thinking skills is useful for autonomous thought. Students in a biology class are taught to think critically, analyze arguments, assess the validity of information sources, and come up with alternative answers within the framework of critical thinking technology. Biology lessons were taught during the study via a variety of techniques to foster critical thinking. Students with special needs participated in a survey at the end to provide input. According to the study, teaching exceptional children to think critically improves their capacity for problem solving as well as their level of engagement and confidence. The study’s findings demonstrate the necessity of greater investigation into strategies for teaching critical thinking in order to serve a larger number of kids with special needs.

The relevance of the problem is since in the state there was a need to create educational programs aimed at the creation of the proper level of entrepreneurial competencies, required to organise their own small or medium businesses. The aim is to investigate the efficiency of the educational program "Bastau Business" in the formation of entrepreneurial competencies, contextualized by existing theories and the changing demands of Kazakhstan's innovation-driven economy. The leading method to study this problem is the questionnaire method, which allows for monitoring the formation of professional entrepreneurial competencies among the graduates of the educational program and to identify the problems they face at the beginning to improve the content and focus of the educational modules. The study showed a high readiness of the graduates of the programme for further independent entrepreneurial activities, which unequivocally indicates its effectiveness. The study also helped identify a range of factors that need to be addressed when improving the educational programme for small and medium business support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the biological features of Arctium tomentosum Mill. in natural and sowing conditions, the changes in morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs in ontogenesis. The growth rate of the germinal root was quite active, and the formation of many lateral roots was observed at the juvenile stage of life. There was an increase of the neck of the germinal root in the immature state, the formation of primary and secondary lateral roots in length, and an increase in the level of growth of the germinal root in the virginal age state. In the generative state, in the second year of life, the lateral roots form two distinct layers. The seed shell in the natural environment is lamellar, without protein, the seed is well ripened. In the next juvenile state, it was observed that the components of the xylem and phloem were not fully formed in the leaf-like cotyledon, with an underdeveloped mesophyll, of a homogeneous type. The first anatomical features in the root structure have been clarified. The size and shape of mesophyll cells are stable, columnar and loose parenchyma are determined, conductive tissues are formed. The anatomical structure of the root undergoes a period of over-development. In the generative state, the size of the central cylinder increased in the structure of the root, the layer of cutin thickened on the leaves, and the layer of columnar mesophyll containing chlorophyll grains increased. There was an accumulation of idiotic cells and needle-like calcium oxalate druzes in the root. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of psychological and pedagogical readiness of the future teachers for moral and spiritual development of high-school students should be considered in the context of holistic manifestation of all aspects of personality. In this regard, one of the most urgent tasks is to identify the professional and personal characteristics that influence the readiness of the future teacher already at the stage of training at the Institution of Higher Education to teach "Self-cognition" discipline. At the same time, the basis of psychological and pedagogical training of the future teachers should be capability for conscious spiritual and professional growth, responsibility for activities in the formation of students' worldview and behavioral guidance through the prism of universal human values, development of their need for self-cognition and creative self-realization.

Dairy farming, as one of the components of agriculture in Kazakhstan, plays a crucial role for the effective development of the industry and the country, which makes its constant study relevant. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine different models for predicting the performance of dairy farming enterprises and their financial stability. The methods that were applied within the study were analysis, forecasting, and abstraction. Within the framework of this study, the authors considered various models of ensuring financial stability for the enterprises of this sphere in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Furthermore, the state of the dairy industry in Kazakhstan was assessed, emphasising its significant potential to contribute to the agricultural sector. Some difficulties that arise within the framework of the development of this sphere in the country were described, such as dependence on imports of certain types of products and insufficient production of certain types of goods of the industry. Shortcomings also exist in terms of milk quality and its export, specifically to China. The study also proposed crisis prediction models. One of them was a model based on the logit regression approach, which included seven coefficients that helped to identify organisations experiencing financial difficulties, assess the boundary values of financial stability, rank organisations, and accurately predict the risk of financial crisis. It was shown that its use can allow for increased efficiency in the functioning of agriculture. The study brought new knowledge for the research of the agricultural sphere of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The findings provide a better understanding of the foreign features of forecast model construction and allow enterprises and government representatives to improve the construction of such models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manuscript presents the results of morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs of Salvia aethiopis L. S. aethiopis L. is a promising medicinal plant of flora of Kazakhstan, which is able to grow under certain soil and climatic conditions. According to its anatomical and morphological features, S. aethiopis L. is a drought-resistant plant that does not tolerate excess moisture. The aim of the study was to investigate the morpho-anatomical structure of S.aethiopis L. plants growing in three different populations of the South Balkhash region of the country. As a result of the study of the morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs of the studied plants, the following features of xeromorphic structure of S.aethiopis L. were noted: strong pubescence of all above-ground parts of plants by simple, globular and glandular hairs, well expressed cuticle with small spinules, presence of cuticular thickening of guard cells, large number of stomatal apparatus on lower epidermis. A comparative analysis of the structure of plants of three different populations showed that in the stem of plants of population NO 1 the primary cortex and the diameter of the central cylinder are more pronounced in comparison with plants growing in populations No 2 and No 3, which is due to the growing conditions of these populations. In plants of population No 1, an increase in the thickness of the leaf blade as well as inclusions of essential oils, which are localized in single or paired essential oil passages, were noted. In plants of populations No 1 and No 2, the more essential oil passages were observed. The studied plants of population No 1 have the most pronounced thickness of the primary bark than plants of populations No 2 and NO 3. The revealed changes in the morpho-anatomical structure of plants are associated with the influence of various environmental and anthropogenic factors depending on the location of the studied plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the concepts and role of environmental education of the population, and also discusses the problems of forming an ecological outlook among young people in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Solving global issues, including environmental protection, fighting the consequences of the environmental crisis, is comprehensive, including in the field of education. The solution to the vital environmental issues and problems faced by the world community is largely correlated with the prosperity of environmental education and the upbringing of the future generation. In this regard, the pedagogical and social aspects of environmental education and the education of young people is the main issue in the period of modernization in Kazakhstan. The problem of environmental education of young people should be regarded as a sovereign and self-valuable area of the educational development of the people’s personality. The characteristic features include understanding of the goals, objectives and detectors of the effectiveness of education, the orientation of educational interaction in solving global and local environmental issues, reinforcement of environmental education and practical activities of public non-governmental organizations.

Our study showed that the anthropogenic impact on the flora of the study area, including agricultural activities, is growing every year. This complex research has been conducted in Almaty Province on the 6 populations of the four rare and endemic plant species (Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana, Limonium michelsonii), taking into account the total number, age spectrum. An analysis of the density and age structure of the populations Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana showed that the age range of the population 1 and 2 account for maximum virginal individuals and in the population of 3 generative individuals. The results of the study of the age and condition of life Limonium michelsonii in different parts of the three populations showed that a young virginal (64.6%) and generative individuals (23.6%) and in the population 2, the maximum is in juvenile (54.5%) and (20.49%) individuals and population 3 maximum occurs at a young virginal (38.9%) and (29.4%) individuals.

Improving reading skills in English for young Kazakhstani learners is a challenging process, but it was unfortunate that teachers in Kazakhstan do not frequently apply and implement assessments in the context of a school or classroom. Following a pilot study conducted in 2018, a continuous assessment was considered necessary to highlight the errors and challenges related to such unfortunate condition. This study performed validation and assessment of reading skills in English as a foreign language (EFL) within a classroom climate and in relation to the engagement of students in grades 6 and 8 in Kazakhstan. The participants were chosen randomly from seven secondary schools in a major city. The first language of all the participants (N = 1,206) was either Kazakh or Russian. Data from 906 students following data screening were analyzed. EFL Reading comprehension tests and a questionnaire regarding the students' classroom climate and engagement were administered via the eDia online assessment platform. The analysis involved an exploratory factor analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis, and an internal consistency test using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and construct validity. To determine the effects of factors detected from the background variables on students' reading results in EFL, a regression analysis was conducted. As results, no gender differences were found for either grade. However, in grade 6, students whose first language was Kazakh performed better than the students whose first language and/or language spoken at home was Russian. In grade 8, the differences between Kazakh and Russian students were negative but non-significant. Nevertheless, despite the weak relationship between the latent factors and reading skills, both grades showed a good model fit to the data and good factor loadings. Implication of the study and further research are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the reading strategies (RSs) of bilingual and monolingual young learners in their first and second languages (L1 and L2, respectively)—either Kazakh or Russian as the L1 and L2—and English as a foreign language (L3). It also examines the influence of RSs on the learners' performance on reading comprehension tests in the three languages. The test results showed significant differences in L1, L2, and L3.The results for reading achievement were generally poor but significantly different between the monolinguals and bilinguals. No significant gender differences were found in the reading test results or in the use of reading strategies while reading. However, the analysis indicated that although the probability of using other strategies while completing the tasks in L1, L2, and L3 was clear, more bilingual learners used advanced RSs than monolinguals. The findings on RSs provide an in-depth understanding of the differences between young, bilingual, and monolingual Kazakhstani learners in their use of RSs while reading in their respective languages. The results have significant implications for practice, suggesting placing more emphasis on developing reading strategies while learning how to read in the first and second languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides brief geobotanical characteristics of plant communities of three populations of R. iliensis Chrshan. found in the floodplains of the Ili and Sharyn rivers, as well as presents the morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs (stem and leaf) of the species under study. R. iliensis Chrshan. is undoubtedly a rare, endangered species of the flora of Kazakhstan. Its distribution area is shrinking from year to year as a result of the anthropogenic pressure on the environment. The biometric indicators of vegetative organs in the samples collected from populations 1 and 2 were approximately the same. The indicators of the samples collected from population 3 differed substantially. This is a completely natural process, since there are substantial differences in the climatic conditions of the upper and lower parts of the basin where the Ili River flows: a sharp increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation from high to low hypsometric levels of the basin. Moreover, there is a gradual aridization of the territory from east to west. Naturally, this entails a change in both soil and vegetation cover as well as leaves its mark on the morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs. With this in mind, the authors recommend continuous monitoring of the state of the populations at the three sites where R. iliensis Chrshan. was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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