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Introduction: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a clinicopathological condition characterized by histological alterations akin to those induced by excessive alcohol consumption, despite the absence of alcohol abuse. This investigation aims to assess the clinical, biochemical, and histological characteristics of NASH within a tertiary healthcare facility situated in India. Materials and Methods: This study adopted an observational, prospective, single-center approach involving patients of varied ages and genders, presenting with heightened liver echogenicity upon routine ultrasound examination. Clinical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the patients were studied. Results: A cohort of 89 patients participated in the study, comprising 53 males and 36 females. Predominantly, individuals aged between 41 and 50 years constituted the majority. The most prevalent symptom reported was fatigue and malaise, succeeded by right upper abdominal discomfort, jaundice, ascites, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Notably, 30 patients remained asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, with abnormalities detected via sonographic examination and liver function tests conducted during investigations for alternative etiologies. Hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and overweight conditions emerged as the leading associated risk factors. Biopsies were performed on 10 patients, majority revealing fatty changes. Conclusion: This investigation underscores the heightened prevalence of features indicative of the metabolic syndrome among individuals diagnosed with NASH. These findings suggest a significant overlap with systemic disorders associated with insulin resistance syndrome, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hepatic steatosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in all over the world, prediction of future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a crucial tool for primary prevention of CVD. Objectives: To determine the risk of cardiovascular disease by implementation of QRISK3 prediction algorithms in individual patients. This study is performed to assess the cardiovascular risk for the next 10 years in an individual patient without known cardiac disease. Methods: A prospective study is conducted in department of medicine, tertiary care hospital. This study uses the updated QRISK3-risk score method to analyze the person's risk of getting cardiovascular risk. Results: A total of 175 patients with age groups 25-84 years were enrolled in the study. Majority of the patients was 41-50 years age group with male predominance. Body mass index (BMI) was high (25 or >) found in 73.7% patients, 51.4% were non-smokers, 36% diabetics, 41.2% hypertensive, 18.3% rheumatoid arthritis and 11.4% were suffering for chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk increases with increasing age and association of other co morbidities mainly obesity, diabetes and hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Around 26% of World's tuberculosis (TB) cases are in India. In resource constrained settings, it is difficult to use diagnostic tests such as nucleic acid amplification technique and mycobacterial culture due to their complexity and expensiveness. Developing an assay using polyclonal antibody may help to solve this problem. Aims and Objectives: On the basis of this, we worked to detect tubercular antigen by developing Sandwich ELISA from the serum of TB patients. Materials and Methods: For this study, 50 cases, 50 disease controls, and 30 healthy control subjects were taken. Commercially available reagents were used for the development of Sandwich ELISA. The data were statistically analyzed with the help of software SPSS version 16.0. Results: Our effectively developed test had 82% area under the ROC curve. About 81% (n=35) patients of pulmonary TB cases with non-HIV infection detected by our Sandwich ELISA and 57% cases with the coinfection of HIV-TB. Developed test had 70.91% positive predictive value and 75.56% negative predictive value. Conclusion: We successfully developed Sandwich ELISA for tubercular antigen detection and to increase the specificity of the Sandwich ELISA, as per the WHO guidelines, further work is needed for the detection of tubercular antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]