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(Z,Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid was synthesised by coupling (Z)-1-bromohept-1-ene with protected undec-10-yne-1-ol. Stereoselective hydrogenation of the triple bond of the obtained enyne-system followed by deprotection yielded (Z,ZZ)-octadeca-10,12-dienol. The latter can be easily oxidized to the corresponding acid.

Plant cell wall polysaccharides are partially cross-linked via phenolic compounds. As shown in the past, the most important phenolic compounds to cross-link plant cell-wall polysaccharides are ester-linked ferulic acid dimers, but p-coumarate dimers were also shown to be potential cross-linking compounds. Recently, ferulic acid dimers were identified and quantified in a range of cereal grains. The isolation of 8-O-4-dehydrodiferulic aciddiarabinoside from maize bran shows that diferulic acids are able to form intermolecular cross-links between arabinoxylans. The more recently identified sinapic acid dehydrodimers and ferulic acid dehydrotrimers provide additional contributions to building up a strong network of plant cell wall polysaccharides.

Zusammenfassung Schwannome des N. facialis im inneren Gehorgang sind seltene Tumoren. Anhand einer retrospektiven Studie sollte die Klinik dieser gutartigen Tumoren analysiert werden. Von 1975 bis 2001 wurde 17-mal ein Schwannom des N. facialis im inneren Gehorgang diagnostiziert. Der Zugang erfolgte in 16 Fallen uber die mittlere Schadelgrube, einmal translabyrinthar. Bei 11 Patienten blieb die Kontinuitat des N. facialis erhalten; in 6 Fallen war ein Nervinterponat erforderlich. In zehn Fallen resultierte eine zufriedenstellende postoperative Funktion. Zu Beginn des Analysezeitraumes uberwogen periphere Fazialisparesen, spater Horstorungen und Tinnitus. Die Kernspintomographie ermoglicht es im Einzelfall, Schwannome des N. facialis von anderen Tumoren des inneren Gehorganges zu differenzieren. Auch die elektrophysiologische Diagnostik kann Hinweise auf ein Schwannom des N. facialis geben. Dadurch kann die Therapie mit den Patienten differenziert besprochen werden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and its reaction products with water and hydrochloric acid have recently been subject to new regulations concerning their migration from food packaging into foodstuff. A method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of these substances and their precursor bisphenol A in food is described introducing bisphenol A di-(3-hydroxypropyl)ether as an internal standard. Analysis was carried out using RP-HPLC gradient elution with fluorescence detection. Additional information in the case of suspect samples was obtained using RP-HPLC with mass selective detection. The described method is validated for the analysis of foodstuffs as well as fatty food simulants. The limits of detection were between 10 and 30 µg/kg of food; recovery experiments gave identical behaviour for all analytes and the internal standard. The enforcement of the specific migration limit set by regulatory standards of the European Union for BADGE and its hydrolysis and hydrochlorination products is possible for producers as well as food quality surveillance institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]