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This article concerns the issue of price sensitivity on the global wheat market, understood as the ratio of the change in prices to the change in the volume of harvests and stocks as supply variables. This sensitivity was investigated using a model approach, applying it to the market as a whole and to exporting and importing countries. To capture the essence of this sensitivity, a simplifying assumption was made about demand as an a priori given variable. The results of the study indicate that with large amplitudes of changes in both the volume of harvests and stocks as well as price levels, the level of price sensitivity, i.e., how prices react in percentage terms to a 1% change in harvests and stocks, is relatively low. At the same time, this sensitivity is greater for harvests than for stocks. The aim of the study is to present general trends in the price sensitivity coefficient. The period of empirical analysis covers almost 60 years. The results of the study are of both cognitive and utilitarian significance, in particular for methods of prediction and forecasting of the market situation and for agricultural policy formulation. It is also a politically important issue at the moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapidly changing external conditions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, which are pure crisis phenomena, not only determine the geopolitical and geoeconomic situation in the global markets but also cause structural changes in individual countries. Under these conditions, the level of food self-sufficiency becomes particularly important, as it is one of the factors determining the food security of any country. The aim of this research is to assess Ukraine's food self-sufficiency compared to the European Union and Poland. The self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) index was used to assess food self-sufficiency. This is the ratio of the volume of production of the most important products of plant and animal origin to the volume of domestic consumption. Domestic consumption was defined as the volume of domestic production plus the volume of imports minus the volume of exports, and it also included changes in domestic stock levels. The surveyed time frame is 2019–2021. The analyzed data were taken from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, FAOSTAT, USDA, and Statistics Poland. A comparative analysis of self-sufficiency for the main agri-food sectors of Ukraine, the EU, and Poland showed significant differences. Taking into account the production potential and food self-sufficiency indicators of Ukraine, Ukraine's possible accession to the EU can be expected to have a major impact on the EU's supply and demand situation, as it may pose a threat to many EU agri-food sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]