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The article offers brief information on the International Team for Implantology (ITI) World Symposium to be held on May 4-6, 2017 in Basel, Switzerland.

The article offers information on the World Symposium of the dental association International Team for Implantology to be held on May 4-6, 2017 in Basel, Switzerland.

Mitochondria are the organelles of cells that generate a majority of the cell's energy through ATP and are involved in programmed cell death through apoptosis. An understanding of non-specific targeting of nanomaterials, including single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), to organelles is important in trying to modulate cell function or determine the cellular toxicity with long term exposure. Here, we examine the impact of SWCNTs dispersed with Pluronic F127 and protein on mitochondria using a battery of standard tests. Seahorse XF24 analysis suggests complete loss of mitochondiral function, but this data is artifactual due to SWCNTs adsorbing onto the Seahorse probes. Imaging using the mitochondrial functional dye JC-1 gives inconclusive results owing to fluorescence quenching by SWCNTs. We observe no co-localization or reorganization of mitochondria in the presence of SWCNTs, although the results could have been misinterpreted had we not been correcting for significant fluorescence quenching by SWCNTs. In sum, the surface activity and fluorescence quenching of SWCNTs alter many traditional cellular assays. However, light emitting (luciferase) assays show that ATP levels are not altered with SWCNT treatment suggesting that mitochondiral function is not impacted as well as that light-emitting assays are an essential complimentary approach for quantitative, unambiguous cellular study of nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the managing, creation, and sharing of knowledge, developing employees working in knowledge-intensive organizations, and leadership in knowledge-intensive organizations.

Presents a listing of the reviewers who contributed to this publication in 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

People whom the author would like to thank for their assistance in the creation of the December 2016 issue of the "Journal of Research on Adolescence" are mentioned.

Purpose This paper aims to propose a new theoretical perspective on the organizational design of offshoring service organizations by adopting an information processing perspective which incorporates the factors of collaborative information technologies, task commoditization and global customer service delivery that are characteristic of modern-day knowledge-intensive service (KIS) organizations.Design/methodology/approach The authors analyze data from a large multiyear survey of offshoring service providers conducted in 12 countries.Findings The authors show how use of collaborative technology is significantly and positively related to spatial and configurational dispersion, task commoditization is significantly and positively related to spatial and temporal dispersion and need for global customer presence is not related to spatial, temporal or configurational dispersion.Research limitations/implications The paper integrates concepts from management information system (MIS), operations management and international business to show how collaborative technology, task characteristics and customer service requirements affect the global dispersion of KISs.Practical implications The results show how use of collaborative technology, task characteristics and global customer service requirements need to be jointly considered in the global dispersion of activities by KIS providers.Originality/value The study sheds light on the effect of the key factors on different dimensions of global dispersion (i.e. spatial/temporal/configurational dispersion) in offshoring service provider organizations. Second, it shows how the traditional information processing perspective on organizations can be updated and applied to KIS organizations by incorporating the factors of global collaborative information technologies, task commoditization and global customer service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This paper aims to further research on leadership and knowledge management through formal knowledge strategies in knowledge-intensive organizations (KIOs), and analyse knowledge management challenges and approaches within KIOs, especially tacit knowledge.Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on conceptual and literature research.Findings Managing knowledge as an organizational asset involves how knowledge is obtained, stored and organized, and accessed and shared when needed. This is crucial for KIOs. Knowledge that is not captured, understood and transferred, throughout the organization, is useless. This requires the integration of systems and processes with people and leadership. Tacit knowledge generation and transfer is especially important in KIOs. In particular, the success of KIOs depends crucially on management’s ability to give leadership in a way that supports knowledge-intensive teamwork. The global nature of internal and external knowledge networks adds to the leadership challenge. This can be made more complex by cultural differences, intellectual property protection (formal and informal) and talent scarcity.Research limitations/implications Further research is needed to identify the types of KIO and to better understand sound common knowledge management and related leadership principles across all types of KIO and those that are more context-dependent on the type of KIO and/or its business and cultural context. More research is needed on policy making organizations, in-company policy-making research and development and creative industries.Originality/value The paper takes forward research on leading knowledge management in KIOs and introduces 14 challenging new papers in this specific field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To investigate objective and patient-centred aesthetic outcomes for single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods Ninety-eight patients (21 men and 77 women) with a mean age of 51.2 ± 13.8 years were included in this retrospective study. A total of 98 maxillary anterior single-tooth implant crowns with a mean functional time of 68.1 months (range 12-245) were evaluated. Aesthetic outcomes were measured by PES and WES. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mood's median and stepwise logistic regression with backward elimination to assess the effect of patient demographics, clinical parameters and surgical methods on aesthetic outcome ( P < 0.05). Results The median PES was 11 and 94% of implants were deemed aesthetically acceptable. The median WES was 9 and 98% of implants were deemed aesthetically acceptable. The PES was positively influenced by the use of a connective tissue graft ( CTG), adding 1 to the score ( P = 0.002) and negatively influenced by membrane use ( P = 0.026). Flapless techniques employed as part of an immediate implant placement protocol yielded better outcomes compared to flapped sites ( P = 0.017). Immediate implant placement demonstrated greater variability in outcomes compared to early implant placement. Conclusions Satisfactory objective and patient-reported aesthetic outcomes were achieved with dental implants replacing missing single teeth in the anterior maxilla. The use of CTG improved the aesthetic outcome mainly by increasing the alveolar process contour. Less variation in outcomes was observed with early (type 2) placement compared to immediate (type 1 placement). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the factors influencing the internationalization of small family firms. Based on interviews with six family firms in Singapore, we highlight the importance of (1) family harmony, (2) trust in external relationships, (3) social and business networks, and (4) organizational resources and capabilities in the internationalization process. We show how the socioemotional wealth factors of trust and harmony affect networking and resources, which in turn affect internationalization. We find that initial internationalization through exports is enabled through trust in family networks, but the typical family characteristics of a desire to maintain family harmony and distrust of outsiders have a negative impact on network creation and resource development, which constrains the extent to which the firm internationalizes beyond exporting. In order to move from the first stage (exports/similar markets) to the second stage (joint ventures/different markets) of internationalization, less emphasis on trust and family harmony accompanied by more emphasis on building external networks and resources may be necessary. We propose a new model of internationalization of family firms based on our findings. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In the present study we sought to evaluate the psychosocial and quality of life (QOL) impacts of cochlear implant (CI) treatment on both CI recipients and their partners in a Canadian population.Methods: A qualitative cross-sectional contemporary cohort evaluation was conducted by distributing specifically designed questionnaires to both CI recipients and their partners at their follow-up appointments over a month at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre.Results: It was found that both CI recipients and their partners demonstrated substantial benefit and improvement in multiple psychosocial domains.Discussion: Musical listening was found to show variable improvements between recipients. Further analysis found a simple correlation where the group of recipients who all had a hearing disability for a longer duration had demonstrated a higher proportion of improvement in musical listening. CI recipients endorsed having improved QOL which was in agreement with proxy observation by partners.Conclusion: Overall, CI use has been shown to have significant benefit to psychosocial well-being of CI recipients. This benefit is also conferred to their caregivers/partners; which in our society concerned about caregiver burden is quite important to recognize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents’ childhood experiences of trauma may influence their reports of their children’s behavior, and this may be particularly true when children are also traumatized. The present study proposed and tested a matched trauma hypothesis, positing that compared to parents without a childhood history of witnessing domestic violence (DV), parents with a childhood history of witnessing DV may report their children’s trauma-related symptomatology differently following children’s exposure to DV. Of 137 included parents (M age = 32 years; 93% mothers), 81 reported witnessing childhood DV (matched group), whereas 56 reported no childhood DV exposure (nonmatched comparison group). All parents reported on their 3- to 6-year-old children’s dissociation and posttraumatic stress symptoms following children’s DV exposure. An analysis of covariance controlling for parental life stress, dissociation symptoms, and other childhood traumatic events revealed that parents who witnessed childhood DV reported significantly fewer child dissociation symptoms than comparison parents. No difference was found for parents’ reports of children’s posttraumatic stress symptoms. Exploratory analyses on a subsample of children with teacher reports of child dissociation symptoms (n = 75) revealed that the strength of the association between parent and teacher reports of dissociation symptoms was moderated by matched versus nonmatched group membership. Findings suggest the importance of considering a parent’s history of trauma when using parents as informants for children’s trauma symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objectives: To introduce a modified transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, percutaneous transhepatic balloon-assisted TIPS (BA-TIPS), and to evaluate its feasibility and efficacy in patients with chronic totally occluded portal vein thrombosis (CTO-PVT) with symptomatic portal hypertension.Methods: Eighteen patients (12 men, six women; mean age 49 years [range, 34-68 years]) with CTO-PVT with symptomatic portal hypertension undergoing BA-TIPS between July 2011 and June 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Rates of technical success, efficacy, and complications were evaluated, and pre- and post-procedure portosystemic gradients compared. Clinical follow-up and periodic assessment of TIPS for patency were performed.Results: BA-TIPS was successful in fourteen patients and converted to open portosystemic shunt placement in four. Mean portosystemic pressure gradient fell from 24.1 ± 2.3 mmHg to 12.1 ± 3.5 mmHg after BA-TIPS (P < 0.01). No procedure-related complications were observed. During a median follow up of 16 months (range, 3-41 months), there was one death from hepatocellular carcinoma, one death from severe heart disease, and shunt dysfunction 16 months after BA-TIPS in one patient. Shunt patency was maintained in the remaining patients without symptoms of recurrence.Conclusions: BA-TIPS is feasible, safe, and effective for CTO-PVT with symptomatic portal hypertension.Key Points: • Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is an important treatment for portal vein thrombosis (PVT). • TIPS is challenging for patients with chronic totally occluded portal vein thrombosis (CTO-PVT). • The use of a balloon increased the technical success of portal puncture. • Balloon-assisted TIPS (BA-TIPS) is feasible, safe, and effective for CTO-PVT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To compare five different implant treatment protocols in the anterior maxilla, including immediate, early, and delayed implant placement, as well as implant placement in conjunction with simultaneous guided bone regeneration and implant placement 3 months following horizontal autologous bone block grafting. Material and Methods Aesthetic indices used included the Pink Esthetic Score ( PES), Papilla Index ( PI), Subjective Esthetic Score ( SES), and White Esthetic Score ( WES). Subjective evaluation of implant aesthetics was performed using a visual analogue scale ( VAS). The VAS consisted of a 10 cm-long line representing the degree of discontent (0%) or satisfaction (100%). Results A total of 153 implants in 153 patients (80 women, 73 men) were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 4.5 ± 2.9 years. Mean peri-implant bone loss was 1.6 ± 0.9 mm and not affected by treatment protocol, time after implant placement, or crown length. Papilla presence, by contrast, differed significantly between the protocols: Papilla formation was more pronounced following delayed and immediate implant placement. No statistical significance was found among treatment modalities with regard to PES, SES, or WES. Longer crowns were associated with lower PES and PI ratings and correlated with greater midfacial recession. SES was also influenced by time after implant placement and keratinized mucosa. Patient satisfaction differed significantly among treatment protocols, favoring immediate implant placement. Agreement between objective and subjective aesthetic ratings was low. Conclusion The present study suggests that comparable clinical, radiological, and aesthetic results can be achieved with all treatment protocols. Gingival recession, however, seems to occur in the long term irrespective of the technique used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The dominance behavioural system ( DBS) is multi-faceted, and various aspects of this system have links with a range of psychopathologies. Different scales have been used across psychopathologies though, and no single measure captures the core dimensions of the DBS. Our goal was to assess the importance of multiple DBS dimensions across psychopathologies. Methods Undergraduates ( N = 612) completed a broad set of dominance items (many from pre-existing measures) and measures of lifetime depression, anxiety, and manic symptoms. Results Factor analysis suggested six distinct DBS factors: Authentic Pride, Hubristic Pride, Cooperation, Power/Influence, Discomfort with Leadership, and Ruthless Ambition. Depressive and anxious symptoms related to notably similar DBS profiles, characterized by lower authentic pride, lower perceived power, and greater willingness to endorse hubris. In contrast, hypomanic tendencies related to heightened pride, and an emphasis on the pursuit of power despite interpersonal costs. Conclusions With a multi-faceted approach, the DBS appears to be relevant for understanding multiple forms of psychopathology. Although limited by the reliance on self-report questionnaires, this is the first transdiagnostic study to consider these multiple facets of the DBS. Practitioner points The dominance system involves multiple separable dimensions., Manic tendencies appear tied to experiencing a heightened sense of pride and being willing to use more aggressive behavioural strategies to pursue dominance., Anxious and depressive tendencies appear particularly tied to low levels of subjective power, and more willingness to describe oneself as having hubris., Pride, the subjective sense of achieving power, and behavioural approaches to achieving power appear to be important dimensions of the dominance system for understanding psychopathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of editors who peer reviewed articles for the journal from November/December of 2014 through 2015, including Geneviève Albouy, Rebecca Brooker, and Lindsay Harris.

Patients with mantle cell lymphoma ( MCL) generally respond to first-line immunochemotherapy, but often show chemoresistance upon subsequent relapses, with poor outcome. Several studies of the immunomodulator, lenalidomide, have demonstrated its activity in MCL including the MCL-001 study in relapsed/refractory patients who had failed defined prior therapies of anthracyclines or mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, rituximab and also bortezomib. We present here the long-term efficacy follow-up of the prospective phase II MCL-001 study ( N = 134), including new exploratory analyses with baseline Ki-67 ( MIB1), a biological marker of tumour proliferation. With longer follow-up, lenalidomide showed a 28% overall response rate [ ORR; 8% complete response ( CR)/ CR unconfirmed ( CRu)]. Median duration of response ( DOR), progression-free survival and overall survival were 16·6, 4·0 and 20·9 months, respectively. Myelosuppression continued to be the most common grade 3/4 toxicity. Several studies of MCL patients treated with chemotherapy, rituximab and bortezomib have shown an inverse association between survival and Ki-67. Ki-67 data in 81/134 MCL-001 patients showed similar ORRs in both low (<30% or <50%) versus high (≥30% or ≥50%) Ki-67-expressing groups, yet lower Ki-67 levels demonstrated superior CR/ CRu, DOR and survival outcomes. Overall, lenalidomide showed durable efficacy with a consistent safety profile in heavily pretreated, relapsed/refractory MCL post-bortezomib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the first comprehensive demonstration of new innovative technology comprising multiple key technologies for highly cost-effective and high-performance Xilinx field programmable gate array (FPGA), which is so-called stack silicon-less interconnect technology (SLIT) that provides the equivalent high-bandwidth connectivity and routing design-rule as stack silicon interconnect (SSI) technology at a cost-effective manner. We have successfully demonstrated the overall process integration and functions of our new SLIT-employed package using Virtex®-7 2000T FPGA product with chip-to-wafer stacking, wafer-level flux cleaning, microbump underfilling, mold encapsulation, and backside silicon removal. Of all technology elements, both full silicon removal process with faster etching and no dielectric layer damage and wafer warpage management after full silicon etching are most crucial elements to realize the SLIT technology. To manage the wafer warpage after full Si removal, a couple of knobs are identified and used such as top reinforcement layer, microbump underfill properties tuning, die thickness, die-to-die space, and total thickness adjustments. It is also discussed in the article how the wafer warpage behaves and how the wafer warpage is managed. New SLIT module shows excellent warpage characteristics of only -30 mm ~ -40 mm at room temperature (25°C) for 25 mm x 31 mm in size and +20 mm ~ +25 mm at reflow temperature (250°C). Thermal simulation results shows that thermal resistance of new SLIT package is almost comparable to that of standard 2000T flip-chip ball grid array (FC-BGA) package using through silicon via interposer with standard heat sink configuration and air wind condition. The reliability assessment is now under the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the Commissioner of Taxation forms an opinion that conduct of a corporate taxpayer or the taxpayer's tax agent involves fraud or evasion, drastic consequences can ensue. The Commissioner can then amend earlier years' assessments indefinitely, and may impose severe penalties. This article considers what conduct might constitute fraud or evasion, and provides guidance for assessing whether an organisation's past conduct may have involved fraud or evasion, through some common scenarios. Documentation that will help to minimise the risk of adverse ATO findings is discussed. The article outlines how a taxpayer or its tax adviser can expect the ATO to interact with them if the ATO forms a view that fraud or evasion has occurred. Finally, the article explores the recent recommendations about fraud or evasion findings from the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Tax and Revenue Inquiry into Tax Disputes, and the ATO's recent amnesty, Project DO IT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To evaluate the effect of submerged vs. non-submerged ( NS) protocols in healing outcomes of grafted marginal defects of immediate implants. Materials and methods The second maxillary incisors were extracted bilaterally in six greyhound dogs. Bone level reduced diameter implants were installed into the extraction sockets leaving orofacial gaps of 2 mm wide. Defects were filled with Bio-Oss® and covered with Bio-Gide®. On the one side, the flap was advanced to fully submerge the implant, and on the other, the flap was sutured to allow NS healing. After 3 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and block biopsies were obtained to perform histological and morphometric analysis. Results All implants were clinically healthy and well integrated into bone. In the majority of the specimens, the original bone in the coronal 2-3 mm of the buccal crest had completely resorbed and was replaced by a regenerated bone wall consisting of Bio-Oss® particles surrounded by newly formed bone. Horizontal and vertical resorption of the buccal bone resulted in ≥1 mm exposure of the implant surface in one-third of implants. Minor differences existed in some aspects of hard tissue healing between submerged and NS. Conclusion There was very little difference in healing outcomes as well as modelling of the facial bone wall between the submerged and NS protocols in relation to immediate implant placement in this dog model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of the curse of dimensionality is well known, and its general effects are well acknowledged. However, and perhaps due to this colloquial understanding, specific measurements on the curse of dimensionality and its effects are not as extensive. In continuous domains, the volume of the search space grows exponentially with dimensionality. Conversely, the number of function evaluations budgeted to explore this search space usually grows only linearly. The divergence of these growth rates has important effects on the parameters used in particle swarm optimization and differential evolution as dimensionality increases. New experiments focus on the effects of population size and key changes to the search characteristics of these popular metaheuristics when population size is less than the dimensionality of the search space. Results show how design guidelines developed for low-dimensional implementations can become unsuitable for high-dimensional search spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the 3-year outcomes regarding crestal bone level, clinical parameters, and patient satisfaction, following submerged and transmucosal implant placement for two-piece implants in the anterior maxilla and mandible. Materials and Methods Patients requiring dental implants for single-tooth replacement in the anterior maxilla or mandible were enrolled in a randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial. The implants were randomized at placement to either submerged or transmucosal healing, with final restorations placed after 6 months. Radiographic and clinical parameters were recorded after 1, 2, and 3 years; a questionnaire was also used to assess patient satisfaction. A two-sided, unpaired T-test (significance level p ≤ .05) was used to statistically evaluate the differences between the two groups. Results A total of 106 patients were included in the 3-year analysis. The mean change in crestal bone level from implant placement to 3 years was 0.68 ± 0.98 mm ( p < .001) and 0.58 ± 0.77 mm ( p < .001) in the submerged and transmucosal groups, respectively; the differences between the groups were not significant. Clinical parameters remained stable throughout the study, with no significant differences between the groups, and patient satisfaction was good or excellent for over 90% of subjects in both groups. Conclusions The results demonstrate excellent clinical and radiographic conditions after 3 years for implants supporting single-tooth restorations, regardless of whether a submerged or transmucosal surgical technique was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent research, corporate social responsibility ( CSR) initiatives by companies with a home base in different countries have been explained in terms of their relation to national institutions or business systems. This set of explanations sees CSR as fitting in with domestic institutional structures by either 'substituting' or 'mirroring' national models of capitalism. An alternative set of explanations views company CSR programmes as determined by market pressures. We examine the role of domestic institutions and market pressure as drivers of CSR through an evaluation of the content of company CSR initiatives revealed in their external reporting. We conduct case studies of two large British companies ( Glaxo Smith Kline and Barclays) as well as two large Danish companies ( Novo Nordisk and Danske Bank). We find that market pressures rather than domestic institutions determine the content of company CSR programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of editors who served as referees in 2013 for the journal's double-blind peer review process including Kristina Drumheller, Krista Fiolleau, and Pat Auger.

The article focuses on the documents released by the telephony metadata collection program of the U.S. National Security Agency (NAS) under the U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) regarding the high technology companies in the U.S. government surveillance. Topics discussed include the information includes on the documents such as e-mail and voice chat.

The author discusses the issues of authorizing the use and cultivation of genetically modified (GM)-foods and GM-crops. Topics discussed include the development of voluntary labelling standards for products of biotechnology, speech of Lynn Truss, Secretary of State for Great Britain's Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, regarding the same and discussion on regulation and labelling of foods containing GM ingredients in the U.S.

A multi-modal search space can be defined as having multiple attraction basins - each basin has a single local optimum which is reached from all points in that basin when greedy local search is used. Optimization in multi-modal search spaces can then be viewed as a two-phase process. The first phase is exploration in which the most promising attraction basin is identified. The second phase is exploitation in which the best solution (i.e. the local optimum) within the previously identified attraction basin is attained. The goal of thresheld convergence is to improve the performance of search techniques during the first phase of exploration. The effectiveness of thresheld convergence has been demonstrated through applications to existing metaheuristics such as particle swarm optimization and differential evolution, and through the development of novel metaheuristics such as minimum population search and leaders and followers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of dental professionals who reviewed material for the periodical between January 2013 and December 2013 including Catherine Chaussain, Marie-Charlotte Huysmans, and Jayalakshmi Vaidyanathan.

The publication offers a note of thanks and lists its reviewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim In cases with limited bone height, short implants could be a good alternative to augmentation procedures. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the clinical performance of implants of 6 mm or 11 mm in length in the posterior region. Materials and methods In this multicenter trial (six study sites), 95 subjects were included. Subjects were randomly allocated to receiving implants with lengths of either 6 or 11 mm both with a diameter of 4 mm ( Osseo Speed™ 4.0 S; Astra Tech AB; Mölndal, Sweden). In all cases, there had to be sufficient bone height to allow placement of an implant of at least 11 mm in length. Two or three implants were placed per subject using one-stage surgery with a 42-48 days' healing period before loading. They were restored with a screw-retained splinted fixed prosthesis. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed preoperatively, postsurgery, at loading, and 6 and 12 months after prosthesis placement. Results A total of 208 implants were inserted in 49 subjects receiving 6-mm implants (test) and in 46 subjects receiving 11 mm implants (control). Two 6-mm implants failed before loading and one 6 and 11 mm implants failed before 1-year evaluation. From loading to the 12 months' follow-up, a mean marginal bone gain of 0.06 mm in the 6 mm group and 0.02 mm in the 11 mm group was found ( P = 0.478). Soft tissue behavior was equal in both groups (Bleeding and plaque [ P = 1.0] probing depth [ P = 0.91]). Conclusion One-year data indicate that treatment with the 6 mm implants is as reliable as treatment with the 11 mm implants. This provides a good treatment option in situations with limited bone height in the premolar and molar regions. Whether or not short implants provide a predictable treatment alternative to bone augmentation procedures remains to be investigated in the future randomized controlled clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes after 2 years with bone level implants placed to restore a single missing teeth that needed simultaneous augmentation and were treated with a transmucosal or submerged approach. Methods This study analyzed a subset of patients included in an ongoing prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial ( RCT) involving12 centers where patients were to be followed-up to 5 years after loading. Of the 120 implants that were placed in the original study, and randomly assigned to submerged or non-submerged healing, 52 needed simultaneous augmentation (28 women patients and 24 men patients, between 23 and 78 years of age). Twenty-seven of them received implants with submerged healing ( AuS), while in 25 patients the implants were inserted with a non-submerged protocol ( AuNS). At the 2-year follow-up visit, radiographic crestal bone level changes were recorded as well as soft tissue parameters included Pocket probing depth ( PPD), bleeding on probing ( BoP) and clinical attachment level ( CAL) at teeth adjacent to the implant site. Results After 2 years a small amount of bone resorption was found in both groups (0.37 ± 0.49 mm in the AuS group and 0.54 ± 0.76 in the AuNS group; P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between AuS Group and AuNS group for PPD (2.5 vs. 2.4 mm), BOP ( BOP + sites: 8.8% vs. 11.5%) and CAL (2.8 vs. 2.4 mm) at the 2-year follow-up visit. Conclusions When a single implant is placed in the aesthetic zone in conjunction with bone augmentation for a moderate peri-implant defect, submerged and transmucosal healing determine similar outcome, hence there is no need to submerge an implant in this given clinical situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter gives the membership of the Commissions (listed by Commission number), as they were affiliated to the Divisions in force until the end of the XVIIIth General Assembly. As a result of the adoption of Resolution B4 by this Assembly, a new Divisional structure was established (see Chapters II and IV of these Transactions), to take effect on 1 September 2012. This new structure will affect the way Commissions are affiliated to Divisions in the next triennium (2012–2015). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the unique relations of American and Chinese cultural orientations to the content and quality of first-generation Chinese American immigrant mothers’ emotion discussion with their school-aged children (age = 5 to 9 years). Mother-child dyads (n = 187) were videotaped during a storytelling task, and various aspects of mothers’ emotion talk were coded. Mothers self-reported on their cultural orientations in language proficiency and behaviors (i.e., media use and social affiliations). Controlling for socioeconomic status, mother’s age, child age, gender, and generation status, as well as the length, elaborateness, and language (English and/or Chinese) of storytelling, mothers’ Chinese orientation was uniquely associated with their lower use of emotion questions and explanations and a lower quality of emotion discussion. Although mothers’ American orientation was positively correlated with their use of positive emotion words and emotion explanations, it did not uniquely predict emotion discussion after controlling for other predictors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article presents a list of editors and peer reviewers who review articles submitted to the journal, including the reviewers Susan Ainsworth, Elena Doldor, and Robert Katz.

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue including "Another Man's Treasure," by Jennifer Geetter and "Patent Protection in Medicine and Biotechnology: An Overview," by Stephen Chen, Marina Len, and Seth Levy.

With its great explosion and the advancement of related technology and services, such as the World-Wide- Web (WWW), the Internet has provided a rich environment for building Internet-based electronic commerce (e-Commerce) applications. Among the different types of e-commerce, business-to-business (B-to-B) is the one most widespread in terms of turnover. A unique aspect of B2B relationships is the buy-side marketplace and the development of efficient procurement processes between these business relationships. In order to enable the suppliers to be part of the electronic B2B trading community, e-markets have to adopt the suppliers as part of their online marketplace. Creating an e-market where both buyers and suppliers feel comfortable is no straightforward task. A common perception of e-Procurement thro' emarkets is that buyers benefit more than suppliers because they drive down suppliers' prices. Many suppliers have felt forced into joining e-markets, with the fear of lost trade hanging over them. In this era of escalated demand for growth, the construction industry across the globe faces issues of constant material price fluctuation and shortage of skilled resources. Today, enterprises are increasingly in need of sustainable, faster and safer methods of construction, innovative project delivery modes and procurement practices, as well as interoperable standards within the construction industry, which is really a big challenge to their existing supply chain to improve the efficiency and effectiveness. The aim of supply is to deliver the correct quantity of a quality product, at the correct time, in the correct place, and at the best price. Kuwait's already buoyant economy is the third largest in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, after Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates has tremendous ongoing construction activity. This study uncovers the e-Procurement / e-commerce practices prevailing in Kuwait among the Construction Supply Chain community and maps the e-Procurement value propositions against the business potential of the suppliers and buyers in Kuwait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the interaction between risk, learning and ownership decisions in international R&D joint ventures. Design/methodology/approach – The study focuses on international strategic R&D joint ventures of US firms. The sample is made up of 266 firms. Regression models are used in the testing of the hypotheses. Findings – The authors show a clear difference between the effects of performance versus relational risks on ownership decisions in international joint ventures (IJVs). In response to performance risk, firms are less likely to pursue a majority ownership, whereas with relational risk the effect is opposite. Originality/value – A key contribution of this paper is that it shows the effects of performance versus relational risks on ownership decisions in IJVs. Another contribution is the finding that IJV experience moderates the effects of relational risk factors on firms' ownership decisions in joint ventures. With greater joint venture experience, firms are more likely to take a non-dominant position in response to diverse partners as they develop routines and capabilities that allow them to better manage IJV partners and minimize the risk of partner opportunism without the need for majority ownership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) has created many opportunities for the development of patient-specific cell-based replacement therapies. We have isolated multiple cell strains of ASCs from various anatomical sites (abdomen, arms/legs, breast, buttocks), indicating widespread distribution of ASCs throughout the body. Unfortunately, there exists a general lack of agreement in the literature as to their 'stem cell' characteristics. We find that telomerase activity and expression of its catalytic subunit in ASCs are both below the levels of detection, independent of age and culturing conditions. ASCs also undergo telomere attrition and eventually senesce, while maintaining a stable karyotype without the development of spontaneous tumor-associated abnormalities. Using a set of cell surface markers that have been promoted to identify ASCs, we find that they failed to distinguish ASCs from normal fibroblasts, as both are positive for CD29, CD73 and CD105 and negative for CD14, CD31 and CD45. All of the ASC isolates are multipotent, capable of differentiating into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes, while fibroblasts show no differentiation potential. Our ASC strains also show elevated expression of genes associated with pluripotent cells, Oct-4, SOX2 and NANOG, when compared to fibroblasts and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), although the levels were lower than induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). Together, our data suggest that, while the cell surface profile of ASCs does not distinguish them from normal fibroblasts, their differentiation capacity and the expression of genes closely linked to pluripotency clearly define ASCs as multipotent stem cells, regardless of tissue isolation location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basement membrane-rich extracellular matrices, particularly murine sarcoma-derived Matrigel, play important roles in regenerative medicine research, exhibiting marked cellular responses in vitro and in vivo, although with limited clinical applications. We find that a human-derived matrix from lipoaspirate fat, a tissue rich in basement membrane components, can be fabricated by electrospinning and used to support cell culture. We describe practical applications and purification of extracellular matrix (ECM) from adipose tissue (At-ECM) and its use in electrospinning scaffolds and adipose stem cell (ASC) culture. The matrix composition of this purified and electrospun At-ECM was assessed histochemically for basement membrane, connective tissue, collagen, elastic fibers/elastin, glycoprotein, and proteoglycans. Each histochemical stain was positive in fat tissue, purified At-ECM, and electrospun At-ECM, and to some extent positive in a 10:90 blend with polydioxanone (PDO). We also show that electrospun At-ECM, alone and blended with PDO, supports ASC attachment and growth, suggesting that electrospun At-ECM scaffolds support ASC cultivation. These studies show that At-ECM can be isolated and electrospun as a basement membrane-rich tissue engineering matrix capable of supporting stem cells, providing the groundwork for an array of future regenerative medicine advances. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Article integrates social science theory about immigrant incorporation and administrative agencies with empirical data about immigrant-serving federal workplace agencies to illuminate the role of bureaucracies in the construction of rights. More specifically, it contends that immigrants' rights can be protected when workplace agencies incorporate immigrants into labor law enforcement in accordance with the agencies' professional ethos and organizational mandates. Building on Miles' Law that "where you stand depends on where you sit, " this Article argues that agencies exercise discretion in the face of contested law and in contravention to a political climate hostile to undocumented immigrants for the purpose of protecting workers. Consequently, strongly pro-immigrant policies in the political branches are not necessary for the recovery of immigrants' rights. Instead, entrenched institutional commitments to professional ethics and recognition of organizational mandates constrain politics resulting in a hybrid form of bureaucratic politics. Empirical evidence of regulatory responses to immigrant workers after Hoffman Plastic v. NLRB in three federal agencies serve as comparative case studies: the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the National Labor Relations Board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

- Effortful control (EC) and executive function (EF) are 2 constructs related to children's self-regulation that have historically been the subject of research in separate fields, with EC primarily the focus of temperament research and EF the focus of cognitive neuroscience and clinical psychology. This article selectively reviews and compares the EC and EF literature. The review indicates considerable similarities and overlaps in the definitions, core components, and measurement of EC and EF. Differences between the 2 literatures seem to primarily reflect differences in research focus as influenced by each field's 'tradition' rather than 'real' differences in EC and EF as developmental constructs. Thus, developing an integrated theory of self-regulation encompassing the EC and EF perspectives is critical for reducing overlap and confusion in future research. The article provides a number of recommendations on how to integrate the theory and methodology of EC and EF in future research for (a) the components and organization of self-regulation, (b) the relation of self-regulation to children's adaptive functions, (c) the neurological basis of self-regulation and its development, and (d) the development and evaluation of interventions targeting children's self-regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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