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A simple and efficient new procedure is presented for the analysis of diflubenzuron (DFB) accumulation in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) filet. A liquid-chromatography (LC) with diode array detection method with C(18) solid-phase extraction clean-up was employed. The methods exhibit no significant matrix effect as verified by the recovery efficiency. The limits of detection and quantification were 32 microg/kg and 110 microg/kg, respectively. LC-tandem mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of DFB in filet of tilapia exposed to this pesticide. The method was successfully applied for the analyses of fish captured in three different fee-fishing farms during two seasons and for the analyses of fish from an experimental pond (subjected to Dimilin exposition) and depuration tank during different time intervals.

The study aims to assess the impact of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the oxidation status of five types of analogue meat products, crucial for extending shelf life and maintaining quality, and seeks to optimize packaging strategies to mitigate oxidation and provide possible solutions for enhancing the overall quality of analogue meat products. Gas ratios in MAP, as well as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acids (FFA), total polyphenol content, and antioxidant capacity were assessed through four different assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl: DPPH, Azino-Bis (3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid): ABTS, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power: FRAP, Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity: CUPRAC) for analogue meat products (steak, noodles, filet, burger, and mince) on the last day of their shelf life. O2 ratios in the MAP for all the products did not differ significantly (p > 0.05), but CO2 concentrations significantly differed (p > 0.05) in the MAP of the evaluated products. The minced product exhibited higher oxidative stability with the lowest TBARS (3.20 mg MDA·kg−1) and FFA (1.12% total fat as oleic acid), along with a high antioxidant capacity (DPPH: 32.26, ABTS: 4.49% inhibition, CUPRAC: 11.48 Trolox mmol/kg). The filet product was more susceptible to the oxidation process, as evidenced by the significantly (p > 0.05) higher TBARS value (9.71 mg MDA·kg−1), lower polyphenol content (1.01 mg gallic acid/g), and antioxidant capacity (FRAP: 4.75 mmol/g, CPRAC: 5.57 Trolox mmol/kg). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the economics, ethics, and utility of the horsemeat industry worldwide as of September 2013. Also discussed are the campaigns against horse slaughter in the U.S., the market of equidae meats in the European Union (EU), as well as the other countries that consume horsemeat including Russia, China, and Indonesia.

Although statistical analysis of our material could indicate that PRV-1 infection is associated with red muscle melanization, other infections or even co-infections with SAV2 or PMCV may have contributed to the development of the condition. All affected samples were positive for PRV-1 with a median I C i SB t sb value of 30.2, for the control fish, four samples were PRV-1 positive, and two were negative. Keywords: filet; melanin; melano-macrophage; piscine myocarditis virus; piscine orthoreovirus 1; salmonid alphavirus EN filet melanin melano-macrophage piscine myocarditis virus piscine orthoreovirus 1 salmonid alphavirus 453 458 6 03/10/23 20230401 NES 230401 INTRODUCTION Farmed Atlantic salmon ( I Salmo salar i L.) are susceptible to melanization of the white muscle ("the filet"), where melanized spots have a prevalence of 20%-30% at slaughter (Mørkøre et al., [16]). Melanized focal changes in skeletal muscle in farmed Atlantic salmon after natural infection with Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV). [Extracted from the article]

Although mercury contamination of fish is a widespread phenomenon, its regional evaluation is hindered by the reluctance of permitting agencies to grant collection permits, problems in securing adequate freezer space, and time to process whole, large fish or filets. We evaluated mercury concentrations in 210 filet biopsies from 65 sites in 12 western states relative to whole-body mercury concentration in the same fish. We found a highly significant relationship (r(2) = 0.96) between biopsy and whole-fish mercury concentrations for 13 piscivorous and nonpiscivorous fish species. We concluded that relative to conventional fish-tissue sampling and analysis procedures for whole fish or filets, the biopsy procedure for mercury in fish tissue is nonlethal, less cumbersome, more likely to be permitted by fisheries agencies, and a precise and accurate means for determining both filet and whole-fish mercury concentrations.

To restore the teeth with endodontic treatment, most practitioners use small corono prefabricated root. Restoration of coronary stump is made by means of restorative materials (plastics). The literature abounds in this respect the materials and techniques. The present study's objective was to observe the in vitro mechanical stress behavior (axial and oblique pressure, and traction resistance) of a number of teeth roots endodontically treated and restored using the post and core system.The coronary post was restored using prefabricated DENTATUS devices, Silver Amalgam, Miracle-Mix, Culmat, Dyract, 3M VITREMER and a compomer. A parallel direction that the study took was the observation of the strength and behavior of these materials in wet conditions as opposed to their resistance in a dry environment. This stage of the study took 8 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis and real-time PCR were successfully applied to investigate the postmortem alterations in RNA extracted from fish muscular tissue in relation to three parameters: slaughtering method, time, and storage temperature. Postmortem proteolytic degradation of fish filets, which leads to textural changes such as muscle softening and gaping, is a major problem for fish freshness. Endogenous proteases such as calpains and cathepsins are assumed to play the major role in this process, although the exact mechanisms underlying fish meat tenderization have yet to be determined. In the course of the present study we first identified the cDNA sequences coding for μ-calpain and cathepsin L in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Then we determined the total RNA and μ-calpain- and cathepsin L-specific mRNA integrity over 5days of storage at two different temperatures (1°C and 18°C) in sea bass slaughtered by three different methods (asphyxia in air, hypothermia, and immediately severing the spinal cord). The results of this study show that, RNA degradation is a slow process under the conditions investigated and, although postmortem storage temperature negatively affects the integrity of total RNA (higher degradation at 18°C), the transcripts of μ-calpain and cathepsin L are present for up to 5days postmortem in the muscle of sea bass stored at either 1°C or 18°C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Salt transport models and diffusion coefficients have been studied during osmotic dehydration of fish muscle in stagnant, saturated brine. Attempts have been made to estimate mass transfer resistance through skin and through stagnant boundary layer at surface. These resistances have been converted to equivalent product thickness or "length" in order to apply analytical solutions to the diffusion equations (i.e. Fick's second law). A similar approach has been used to estimate the extra mass transfer resistance due to the stagnant brine, as most experiments in literature have been made under agitated conditions, in contrary to industrial practice, which is in stagnant brine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With extensive loss of local soft tissues after resection of a sarcoma, standard closure may not be possible. The large operative defect in this instance may necessitate a free tissue transfer. Use of a vascularized tissue transfer from the leg of the amputated extremity of a patient to close a hemipelvectomy defect is described.

Radical and extended forequarter and hind limb amputations have been used for curative and palliative intents. Concerns regarding wound healing and closure, especially in irradiated fields, have occasionally limited the extent of ablation. This article reports an experience with coverage of these large defects by using the free filet extremity flap. A retrospective review was performed of 11 patients who had undergone immediate reconstruction with free filet extremity flaps between 1991 and 1998. There were nine men and two women with an average age of 43.9 years. All except three patients received preoperative radiotherapy. Resections included four hindquarter and seven forequarter amputations for palliation of intractable pain, tissue necrosis, and infections. Donor vessels included the brachial artery, its venae comitantes, cephalic and basilic veins, and common femoral and popliteal vessels. Immediate reconstruction was successful in all cases by the use of the amputated limb as the free filet flap. All wounds healed despite irradiation inclusive of defects up to 50 cm x 70 cm (3500 cm2). The average follow-up time was 5 months with a mean survival of 3.5 months. Four patients currently are alive, and one patient died within 30 days of surgery. The remaining six patients have died of their disease within 9 months of the palliative procedures. Pain, tissue necrosis, and infections were improved in all patients after hospital discharge. Extensive defects can be reconstructed and healed successfully, even in irradiated wounds, with the use of the free filet extremity flap. Appropriate advanced preoperative and intraoperative planning is essential. Although survival was unchanged, this technique allowed healed wounds with an improvement in the quality of life.

This study investigates the microscopic morphology of a hydraulic servo spool valve caused by particle erosion. The microscopic morphology of spool working edges and solid particle characteristics in oil of a typical hydraulic servo system were experimentally studied. The formation mechanism was analyzed using dynamic impact calculation. The results reveal that the erosion micro-morphology of the spool working edge was mainly characterized by surface peeling, notches, grooves, and chamfers. The contour of the working edge was rounded. The average and variance of the radius of the old spool's working edges were obviously higher than those of the new spool. The main distribution range of solid particle size in typical servo-hydraulic system oil was 5–50 μm, and the number of particles decreased sharply with an increase in particle size, up to 90.89%. The actual shape of particles was close to an ellipsoid with strong erosion destructive power. When a single solid particle collided with the working edge, a large amount of stress was generated at the collision center point, and the stress can reach 1500 MPa when the pressure differential at the valve orifice was 3.5 MPa. The working edges were subjected to cyclic stress of high-frequency particle pulses, resulting in fatigue erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe a simple procedure, the scleral filet technique, to place a secondary implant and take advantage of the scleral remnant., Setting: Oculoplastic service at a university-affiliated hospital in Ottawa., Patients: Three patients from Middle Eastern countries who had undergone evisceration following trauma without placement of an orbital implant. All three had a scleral remnant, enophthalmos and poor prosthetic motility., Interventions: The scleral remnant was incised (fileted) in a crisscross fashion, allowing access to the retrobulbar space. A hydroxyapatite implant was placed, and the scleral remnants were closed without disrupting the muscle attachments, leaving the socket motility intact., Results: All three patients had an uneventful postoperative course and were fitted with a prosthesis between 6 to 8 weeks. There was no implant exposure during the follow-up period of 8 to 15 months. Implant drilling and peg placement was carried out 6 to 10 months postoperatively. One of the patients had excellent motility, and two had good or fair motility. All were very satisfied with the results., Conclusions: Advantages of the scleral filet technique include simplicity, ability to use the patient's own vascularized scleral remnant to act as a protective cap over the implant and avoidance of donor material. We advocate the use of this procedure when a scleral remnant is present in a patient presenting for consideration of secondary implantation.

An osteocutaneous foot filet flap based on the posterior tibial vessels was successfully used to provide tibial coverage in a patient requiring a below-knee amputation following a high-voltage electrical injury. Addition of the calcaneus to the standard foot filet flap provided a vascularized bone graft that served to both lengthen the tibia and secure the flap via a tibial-calcaneal synostosis. The synostosis provided firm anchoring of the flap and allowed for a partial end-bearing, below-knee prosthesis.

The beginnings of this search term for the idea occurred to the researchers to create a new style of filet – crochet by inspiring the decoration of tulip flower during ottoman era to invent a new way to decorate textiles using crochet fillets, as one of the scholars is specializing in the field of Islamic Archaeology and worked as curator at the Museum of Islamic Art ,which gave him the opportunity to see the Islamic motifs closely and got amazed by these ornaments ,while the second scholar is specialized in clothing and textiles design and embroidery, which gives her the opportunity to benefit from the Islamic motifs of tulip flower to execute a new style in the implementation of this tracery style filet crochet on textiles

Over a 12-year period between 1979 and 1991, 27 patients were operated on at the New York University Medical Center for salvage of below-knee amputation stumps utilizing free flaps. Six different donor sites were used. In 6 patients, the amputated foot was the donor site for a free flap to cover the tibial stump. There were 3 males and 3 females in this group. Five of the patients underwent immediate filet of foot reconstructions, while 1 patient had a reconstruction performed 69 days after injury, electively, when it was determined that below-knee amputation was the best option. All foot flaps survived and ultimately provided the major soft-tissue coverage for the below-knee amputation stump. The length of hospitalization ranged from 24 to 118 days. The time required from foot filet procedure to ambulation was 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 12 months in the 6 patients. Five of the 6 patients have resumed work or school after their injury. Foot flaps were based on the posterior tibial artery, anterior tibial artery, or both vessels. Nerve anastomosis of the posterior tibial nerve was performed in 5 patients. In 1 patient it was possible to maintain the continuity of the posterior tibial nerve. Five of the 6 patients were tested over a year after the flap, and all have good cold, pressure, and vibration sensation. Two of the 5 patients have heat sensation, and all 5 patients have at least protective pressure sensation. All the patients ambulate well with a below-knee prosthesis.

Powered by consumer taste, value, and preferences, natural products including phytogenics and algae are increasingly and separately used in the food systems where they have been reported to improve growth performance in poultry and livestock. The present study aimed to determine the effects of a new feed additive, microencapsulated NUQO© NEX, which contains a combination of phytogenic and phycogenic, on broiler growth performance, blood chemistry, bone health, meat quality and sensory profile. Male Cobb500 chicks (n = 1,197) were fed a 3-phase feeding intervals; 1-14d starter, 15-28d grower, and 29-40d finisher. The dietary treatments included a corn-soy basal Control (CON), basal diet supplemented with NUQO© NEX at 100 g/ton from 1 to 28d then 75 g/ton from d 28 to 40 (NEX75), and basal diet supplemented with NUQO© NEX at 100 g/ton from 1 to 40d (NEX100). The NEX100 supplemented birds had 62 g more BWG increase and 2.1-point improvement in FCR compared with CON in the finisher and overall growth phase (p < 0.05), respectively. Day 40 processing body weights and carcass weights were heavier for the NEX100 supplemented birds (p < 0.05). The incidences of muscle myopathies were also higher in NEX treatments, which could be associated with the heavier weights, but the differences were not detected to be significant. The NEX75 breast filets had more yellowness than other dietary treatments (p = 0.003) and the NEX 100 treatment reduced the levels of breast filet TBARS at 7 days-post harvest (p = 0.053). Finally, both NEX treatments reduced the incidence of severe bone (tibia and femur) lesions. In conclusion, the supplementation of the phytogenic NUQO© NEX improved finisher performance parameters, whole phase FCR, processing carcass weights, and breast filet yellowness, at varying inclusion levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper discusses a novel method to prevent the tooth failure in the spur gear by introducing circular root filet instead of standard trochoidal root filet in the gear. In general, gears with less than 17 teeth had the problem of undercutting during gear manufacturing process depending on the tip radius of the hob (cutter) which minimizes the strength of the gear at the root. Analysis is carried out using ANSYS software version 11.0 for the existing standard design gear teeth as well as the proposed design gear teeth to evaluate the performance. In order to facilitate the analysis, the gear tooth was considered as a cantilever beam and the tooth force was applied normal to the profile at the highest point of single tooth contact. The study reveals that the proposed design (circular root filet) exhibits higher bending strength rather than the standard trochoidal root filet design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magazine General Union of Arab Archaeologists is the property of General Union of Arab Archaeologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit dem fragmentarischen Gedicht Inna hinada hi filet cind erred Ulad inso, das sich am Schluss der irischen Handschrift Lebor na hUidre findet. Das Gedicht berichtet laut Überschrift von den Orten, an denen die Köpfe der Helden der Ulaid begraben sind. Zwei Personen, Conchobar mac Nessa und Blaí Briugu, werden in den fragmentarischen Zeilen erwähnt, aber in der überlieferten mittelalterlichen Literatur wird keiner dieser beiden geköpft. In diesem Aufsatz werden daher die möglichen Gründe dafür, dass das Gedicht speziell die Begräbnissorte der Köpfe in den Blick nimmt, untersucht. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasonic Hot Embossing of polymers is one of the most attractive manufacturing methods of high-quality and complex microparts needed for biological and chemical processes. A little simulation work has been done to study the deformation mechanism and the required load in the Ultrasonic Hot Embossing of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This paper developed a 2D coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model to simulate the forming behavior of the ultrasonic embossing process of PMMA, optimize the mold microfeature corner, and predict the embossing load as well. VDISP ABAQUS subroutine has been used to describe the downward motion of the mold assisted with ultrasonic vibration. The Arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian re-meshing technique has been implemented to refine the deformation zone during simulation to avoid divergence due to localized excessive deformation. Embossing load, temperature, stresses, strains, and energy dissipation have been recorded and analyzed. Simulation results revealed that the coupled thermo-mechanical FE Model efficiently captures the deformation behavior and Embossing load. It also proved that a Mold microfeature corner of 20 μm filet radius is recommended to adequately fill out the area around the mold and maintain uniform temperature and strain distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of stocking density on food-size largemouth bass ( LMB), Micropterus salmoides, production (>0.5 kg) were evaluated in a 2-yr study by stocking LMB fingerlings (mean weight = 57 g/fish) in 0.1-ha earthen ponds at rates of 6175, 12,350, or 18,525 fish/ha. Gross yields increased from 3989 to 9096 kg/ha as stocking density increased. No significant differences were observed in survival rates (range of 65-74%) due to density. Maximum feed consumption occurred at water temperatures of 27-30 C. Feed conversion ratio ( FCR) and mean harvest weight were significantly different ( P < 0.05) among densities, with the lowest FCR and the lowest mean weight found at the highest density (18,525 fish/ha). At harvest, LMB were considered to be in good condition with relative weight ( Wr) values of 123-124. Dressout yield percentages were 61-62% for whole-dressed LMB and 34-35% for shank filets. LMB grew well and reached a size adequate for targeted shank filet sizes. However, the production costs of $7.26-$9.34/kg mean that LMB production for a filet market is unlikely to be feasible. Research to lower LMB fingerling and feed costs and improved FCR would contribute to improved economic feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Features Memphis, Tennessee-based Buckley's Fine Filet Grill, owned by Ken Dick and Jeff Fioranelli. Buckley's locations; Secret to the business' success; History of the business; Average number of customers a month.

Penelitian pembuatan dan karakterisasi pupuk dari campuran tepung ampas ekstraksi agar dan tepung silase telah dilakukan dengan maksud untuk menyediakan bahan pupuk alternatif dari limbah padat ekstraksi agar. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah rasio antara tepung ampas dari ekstraksi agar : tepung silase (tepsil) : pasta Sargassum yaitu 98,6%:0%:1,4%; 95,8%:2,8%:1,4%; 93,1%:5,5%:1,4% dan 90,6%:8%:1,4%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung ampas dari ekstraksi agar mempunyai kandungan unsur hara N sebesar 2,2±0,03% dan tepsil 9,18±0,15%. Kombinasi perlakuan yang diberikan menggunakan pasta Sargassum sebagai perekat menghasilkan kandungan unsur hara makro dan mikro yang bervariasi. Penambahan tepsil ke dalam tepung ampas dari ekstraksi agar dapat meningkatkan unsur hara makro N, unsur hara mikro Zn dan Cu, serta meningkatkan nilai kadar abu, tetapi menurunkan unsur hara K, P, Fe, dan Mn. Perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan kandungan unsur hara makro N ditemukan pada perlakuan rasio antara tepung ampas dari ekstraksi agar : tepsil : pasta sargassum = 90,6% : 8% : 1,4% yang mempunyai nilai unsur hara N 6,72%, P 0,34%; K 0,014%; Cu 0,22 ppm; Fe 386,3 ppm; Mn 9,5 ppm; Zn 394,5 ppm; nilai kadar abu 20,72%, kadar air 6,20% dan kemampuan menyerap air selama 50 menit perendaman sebesar 324%.

Fish polychlorinated-biphenyl (PCB) measurements usually represent one of two different sample types: filets or homogenized whole fish. Filet measurements are more appropriate for use if the goal of analysis is estimating human PCB consumption, while whole-fish analysis may be more useful for quantifying and understanding processes of contaminant flow and bioaccumulation. While it is generally assumed that whole-fish PCB concentrations exceed filet concentrations because of thepresence of fatty internal organs in whole-fish samples, the literature contains no reported comparisons of filet versus whole-fish PCB concentrations. We measured total PCB concentrations in filets and whole-fish samples from the same individuals in Lake Michigan coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Theaverage whole-fish to filet PCB concentration ratio was 1.70 for coho salmon and 1.47 for rainbow trout, but it varied considerably amongindividuals, with a few fish exhibiting a higher concentration in the filet than in the whole-fish sample. Classification and regression tree (CART) models indicated that filet PCB concentration and fish length were the best predictors of whole-fish PCB concentration, whereas filet and whole-fish lipid concentrations where less important predictors. Lipid normalization of the PCB data decreased within-individual variability, was equivocal with respect to variability among individuals, and accentuated the between-species difference. Both species exhibit a pronounced 1:1 relationship between the whole-fish to filetPCB concentration ratio and the whole-fish to filet lipid concentration ratio; however, we point out that there is a strong spurious component to this relationship, which indicates that the relationship maybe more algebraic rather than an indication of underlying mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Evaluates the Buckley's Fine Filet Grill restaurant in Memphis, Tennessee. House specialties; Price range; Beverages; Service; Ambiance.

The structures of the hydraulic excavator and the crane have numerous one-sided welded joints. However, attachments with box like structures are difficult to weld at both sides. Therefore, high accurate evaluation method is needed. In this study, the fatigue properties and the fracture mechanism of the load carrying type fillet joints with one-sided welding were investigated experimentally to evaluate its fatigue damage with high accuracy based on the experimental results. As the results, fatigue cracks in the test piece initiated from the tip of the unwelded portion and propagated into the welding materials. Multiple welding defects were observed in the unwelded portion, but did not appear to be crack origins. Although these welding defects affected the direction of crack propagation they exerted minimal influence. The three-dimensional observations revealed that fatigue cracks initiate at an early stage of the fatigue development. We infer that the fatigue lifetime is chiefly governed by the crack propagation lifetime. Cracks were initiated at multiple sites in the test piece. As the number of cycles increased, these cracks propagated and combined. So considering the combination of cracks from multiple crack origins is important for a precise evaluation of fatigue damage.

Copyright of R.A.R.E - Association Roussillonnaise d'Entomologie is the property of Association Roussillonnaise d Entomologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biocalcification is a recent in-situ soil consolidation solution. It is obtained by calcite precipitation under controlled biogeochemical conditions. The industrial process, for whose implementation Soletanche Bachy holds several patents, has been validated by several experiments, initially on laboratory scale and later in situ on industrial scale under static groundwater conditions. However, it was necessary to adjust the process to make it effective for use in embankments due to the potentially high ground water flows that may be present. This is one of the main aspects addressed by the BOREAL project (Bio-reinforcement of backfilled hydraulic structures), a 4-year research and development program. Injection tests performed on a 1:1 scale in a physical model allowed for the validation of the process’ feasibility in various soil types and configurations as well as under several hydraulic flow conditions. The prime objective of the process is to help mitigate erosion and liquefaction risks. The project’s results are applicable to saturated and non-saturated soils. The areas of application of the process and its objectives in terms of treatment are also discussed in the article.

The mechanical efficiency of the biocementation process is directly related to the microstructural properties of the biocemented soil, such as, the volume fraction of calcite, its distribution within the pore space (whether localized at the contact between grains or over the grain surfaces) and the contact properties: coordination number, contact surface area, contact orientation, type of contacts (frictional even after treatment, purely cohesive via a calcite bridge or combining friction between particles and cohesion of the localized calcite). Dadda et al, (2018) have used microscopic properties computed from 3D images obtained by X-ray tomography of biocemented sand samples with different levels of biocementation as an input in current analytical models to estimate the elastic properties (Young’s and shear modulus) and the strength properties (Coulomb cohesion). They pointed out the important role of some microstructural parameters, notably those related to the contact, on such effective parameters. However, the precise evaluation of the effect of microstructural parameters such as the contact surface distribution on the global mechanical behaviour of the soil requires the use of more advanced modelling methods. The paper presents the results of Discrete Element Modelling of triaxial tests with the open source code Yade in which the real microstructural properties of biocemented soil computed on 3D X-ray microtomography images are used as input parameters. A particular attention has been paid to take into account the actual distribution of contact surface in the model and not only the average value. It appears that the model is then able to reproduce the evolution of the macroscopic properties (in particular that of the cohesion) with the calcite content.

Background: Protection from solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is paramount in light‐skinned pig breeds such as Yorkshire or Landrace to avoid sunburn. Objectives: Determination of the UVR exposure of a pig and the sun protection abilities of shade cloths with different shade rates. Animals: Life‐sized plastic model of a Landrace pig. Materials and Methods: The model was equipped with 20 UVR meters at various anatomical positions that recorded the erythemal effective solar irradiance. A turntable enabled irradiation from different directions. Solar irradiance was measured in direct sunlight as well as under three shade cloths with different shade rates (50%, 75% and 90%) and a camouflage net. The sun protection factors (SPF) were determined as the ratio of unshaded‐to‐shaded measurements at the same solar elevation. The exposure ratio to ambient (ERTA) was calculated for each body site with respect to ambient irradiance. It allows determination of when pigs are at risk of sunburn and protection is needed. Results: The calculated ERTA values show that some body parts may receive higher values than ambient UVR. Measurements showed that the SPF of shade cloths depends on textile denseness. Selected shade cloths reached values of 3.5 (shade rate 50%), 4.2 (75%) and 5.8 (90%). Protection by the camouflage net was poor. The highest SPF was gained on body sides where ERTA was highest. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Shade cloths can protect all body sites effectively and vulnerable sites in particular. The results of our study enable an estimation of when pigs are at risk of sunburn and provide quantitative metrics for sun protection. This allows effective prevention of UVR‐caused skin damage and secondary disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expansion of economically viable turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) aquaculture depends on access to brackish-cold ground water sources in various parts of the world. Since brackish water sources can adversely affect the physiology and zoo technical performance of fish due to the burden of osmoregulation, dietary salt inclusion can alleviate the negative impacts of low-saline waters in several aquaculture species. This study investigated the effects of increasing dietary salt levels on the growth, feed utilization, body composition, and tissue fatty acid composition of juvenile turbot (initial live weight 120.3 ± 0.03 g/fish). Fish were fed five experimental diets supplemented with varying levels of sodium chloride (1.8–6.4%) or a control diet without salt. Each diet was tested in triplicate tanks for 9 weeks. Results showed that increasing dietary salt intake negatively impacted turbot performance, with significant reductions in weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. Dry matter and ash content in the whole body and filet increased quadratically with increasing salt levels, whereas gill moisture and protein content decreased linearly. Furthermore, the nitrogen, lipid, and energy utilization efficiencies decreased with their respective intake and gain levels. Dietary salt significantly influenced the fatty acid profiles of gill, liver, and filet tissues. In the gill, monounsaturated fatty acids (16:1n-7, ΣMUFA) and n-6 PUFA (20:2n-6) increased, whereas EPA and DHA decreased. Liver ΣSFA (16:0, 18:0) increased, and n-3 PUFA (18:3n-3, 20:5n-3) decreased with increasing dietary salt. Filet saturated fatty acids (14:0, 15:0, 17:0) and n-6 PUFA (20:2n-6, 20:4n-6) increased, while n-3 PUFA (18:3n-3, EPA) decreased with dietary salt. DHA levels in filets showed a quadratic increase. Overall, this study shows that increasing dietary salt negatively impacts turbot growth, feed utilization, and tissue fatty acid composition in brackish water, highlighting the need for further studies on salinity management strategies for turbot aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aesthetics of the periorbital region are significantly influenced by the position of the eyebrows, forehead wrinkles, and upper eyelid ptosis, with aging-related eyebrow ptosis playing a major role. Brow lift surgery has seen a marked increase in popularity, driven by a variety of techniques tailored to individual patient needs. The 'gliding brow lift' technique, which employs a minimally invasive subcutaneous approach using a hemostatic net, represents a recent advancement in eyebrow rejuvenation. This article outlines our three-year experience and adaptation with this technique, which is divided into three sequential steps: (1) subcutaneous dissection; (2) internal eyebrow fixation; (3) skin redraping. Our modified gliding brow lift technique combines simplicity, minimal equipment requirements, conservative principles that limit scarring and avoid skin resection, and long-lasting results with few complications, making it an attractive option for brow rejuvenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aquaculture, traditionally a form of biotechnology, has evolved to integrate innovative biotechnological applications, such as advanced feed formulations, aimed at improving the growth performance and health of farmed fish species. In the present study, the effects of feeding rainbow trout with novel feed formulations were investigated. Fish growth, gut and liver morphology, the concentration of fatty acids in the fillet, and volatile fatty acids in the gut were assessed. The study also validated scenarios from in vivo experiments using a nutrient-based model called FEEDNETICS™. This globally used model serves as a tool for data interpretation and decision support in the context of precision fish farming. Methods: Alternative protein and oil sources, including poultry by-product meal (PBM) and natural algae oil, were explored as sustainable replacements for fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO). A 90-day feeding trial was conducted using rainbow trout, comparing two isoproteic, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets. The control diet contained 15% FM, 5% PBM, and 8% FO, while the test diet replaced FM with 15% PBM and 5% feather meal hydrolysate (FMH), and fully substituted FO with VeraMaris® natural algae oil and rapeseed oil. Results: PBM successfully replaced FM protein without negatively affecting feed intake, growth performance or feed utilization in trout. The combination of PBM and natural algae oil was well tolerated by the trout and showed no negative effects on gut health. A detailed analysis of fatty acids in the fillet revealed that PUFAs of the n3 and n6 series were significantly higher in the PBM group than in the FM group. Values of fatty acid-related health indexes, including atherogenicity index, and thrombogenicity index, confirmed the high nutritional value of trout filet, thus representing a healthy product for human. In addition, the predictions using the FEEDNETICS™ indicated that the tested novel alternative formulations are economically viable. The validation of the model for fish growth resulted in a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 8%. Conclusions: The FEEDNETICS™ application enhances our ability to optimize feeding strategies and improve production efficiency in the aquaculture industry. VeraMaris® algae oil and PBM could serve as viable and sustainable raw materials for fish feed, promoting environmentally friendly aquaculture practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation reports on the experimental and numerical study of weld sequence optimization in filet-welded aluminum alloy 6061-T6 structures during the gas metal arc (GMA) welding process. A 3D thermal–mechanical finite element (FE) procedure was considered for predicting thermal fields and deformations. Transient temperature distribution and distortions were simulated for different welding sequences using the thermal elasto-plastic approach. In the FE model, the same bead geometry as in the T-joint weld was considered for accuracy. Temperature-dependent material properties, latent heat effect, heat loss due to conduction, radiation and convection, and Goldak's volumetric heat source are also employed in the model. Further, the simulation results obtained from finite element FE modeling software SimufactTM were compared and validated against the experimental results. The experimental results show good agreement with numerical analysis with a maximum error of 10% and 12% for temperature and distortion results, respectively. It was also found that in five different welding sequences, the maximum angular distortion reduction of 16.06% was observed in the welding away from the center (case 5). Based on the results, an optimized welding sequence case 5 is the most suitable scheme for reducing angular distortions in AA T-joint filet welds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]