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In the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak, China implemented emergency epidemic prevention and control measures, which played a positive role in economic and social development as well as the containment of the epidemic. Based on stock trading data from February 2020 to December 2022, this paper examines the impact of these measures on the stock returns of A-share listed companies. The findings of the study indicate that social distancing and health measures generally increase stock market returns, despite the varying magnitude of their effects. In addition, the analysis of two aspects, namely the listed sectors and the industry response analysis, further corroborates the main conclusion that social distancing policies have a more pronounced effect on the stock market. The study helps investors understand how the stock market responds to government announcements and enables policymakers to further explore the impact of policy responses during major public health events and their influence on economic and social welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species Sinosenecio yangii D.G. Zhang & Q. Zhou (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated based on its morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It closely resembles S. confervifer and S. guangxiensis, the former in the scapigerous habit and smooth and glabrous achene surface, the latter in the calyculate involucre and purple abaxial leaf surface, and both in the shape and indumentum of leaf lamina, but differs markedly from the latter two in having fewer capitula and epappose achenes. Phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS and ndhC-trnV sequences shows that this new species belongs to the S. latouchei clade and is sister to S. guangxiensis with moderate support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporotic fractures, also known as fragility fractures, are prevalent in the elderly and bring tremendous social burdens. Poor bone quality, weak repair capacity, instability, and high failure rate of internal fixation are main characteristics of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporotic bone defects are common and need to be repaired by appropriate materials. Proximal humerus, distal radius, tibia plateau, calcaneus, and spine are common osteoporotic fractures with bone defect. Here, the consensus from the Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopaedic Association concentrates on the epidemiology, characters, and management strategies of common osteoporotic fractures with bone defect to standardize clinical practice in bone repair of osteoporotic fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is a country with a high tuberculosis (TB) burden. Spinal TB is one reason for the resurgence of TB in China. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with spinal TB in a teaching hospital of Southwest China. The study group comprised 967 patients with spinal TB who were admitted to the authors' institution from 1999 to 2013. Demographic characteristics, prevalence of symptoms and clinical manifestations, prevalence of multidrug resistance and extensive drug resistance of spinal TB, management and outcome, and incidence of complications were recorded and analyzed. The patients included 473 women and 494 men with a mean age of 35.86±15.68 years. The most common presentation of spinal TB was back pain, followed by night sweats and fever. The thoracic spine was the most commonly involved level, followed by the lumbar spine and cervical spine. The incidence of neurological involvement in spinal TB is 33.3%. Noncontiguous spinal TB was seen in 3.41% of cases. The incidence of concomitant pulmonary TB was 14.37%. A total of 740 patients were successfully treated with surgery and anti-TB drugs. No mortality was related to spinal TB. Spinal TB increased every year from 1999 to 2013 in Southwest China. Back pain is the most common clinical symptom, and the thoracic spine is the vertebral body most often involved. The most commonly used first- and second-line anti-TB drugs are isoniazid and levofloxacin, respectively. [Orthopedics.2016; 39(5):e838-e843.]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquito around the tropical and sub-tropical regions. There was a large-scale dengue epidemic in Guangdong province, China during 2014 and around fifty thousands dengue fever cases, including six deaths, have been reported. In this study, we aimed to understand the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed dengue virus (DENV) infection and determined the origin of the virus from the outbreak.Methods: We have summarized the data from 138 hospitalized patients who were laboratory confirmed for dengue infection in Guangzhou city. Patients were classified as either non-severe dengue fever or severe dengue fever according to the guidelines from the WHO. Viral serotypes were determined by real time RT-PCR. Genetic sequences of the envelope and non-structural genes were amplified and analyzed from the serum samples of eleven patients.Results: Co-circulation of dengue serotype 1 and 2 were identified from the outbreak. Patients infected by serotype 1 or 2 showed similar clinical features. Patients with severe dengue fever showed prolonged hospitalization and significant impairment of organ functions. Four samples from serotype 1 and five samples from serotype 2 were closely related respectively and clustered with Guangzhou isolates from previous years. The remaining isolates of serotype 1 were related to viruses found in Malaysia, India, Bangladesh and Singapore.Conclusion: The phylogenetic grouping of Guangdong isolates suggests that dengue is no longer an imported disease in China. Analysis of the isolates obtained in this study together with the size of the outbreak are suggestive of endemic circulation in Guangdong province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing rapidly in most of the developing countries including China, even in rural areas. Dearth of representative data called for an investigation to estimate the burden and identify the correlates of NCDs in rural China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a representative sample of 6003 consenting randomly selected rural residents aged 15 years or more, from 36 villages of Shijiazhuang in Hebei province of China between July 2010 and June 2011. Information on demographics and behavior were collected, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured and blood samples were tested to diagnose diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Results: Majority participants were aged < 30 year, married and educated up to junior/senior high school level. Mean age for the 6003 participants was 37.4 ± 14.8. About 55.7 % had BMI of 18.6-24.9. In past 12 months: 19.8 % smoked daily, 41.6 % were exposed to passive smoking, 28.5 % drank alcohol, 10.4 % skipped breakfasts frequently, 82.8 % did never exercise and 25.3 % had psychological disturbances. 51.1 % were hypertensive, 6.7 % were diabetic and 9.2 % had hyperlipidemia. Based on self-reports, cardiovascular diseases (4.5 %), cerebrovascular diseases (2.3 %), cancers (0.2 %), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (2 %), orthopedic problems (12.1 %) and gastrointestinal NCDs (7.8 %) were identified among the participants, while proportion of subjects with one, two and three or more NCDs were 43 %, 14.4 % and 5.5 % respectively. Higher odds of having more NCDs were associated with higher BMI (Kg/M2), family history of NCDs, daily and past history of smoking and drinking, passive smoking, lack of exercise, skipping breakfast and psychological disturbances. Conclusion: Despite limitations associated with cross-sectional design and self-reporting, observation in this large sample of rural residents could develop important insights regarding high burden of NCDs in this population. Based on the identified correlates, targeted intervention strategies seem to be required urgently to control NCDs in rural China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first complete chloroplast genome (cp) of Sinosenecio jishouensis D.G. Zhang, Ying Liu & Q. E. Yang (Asteraceae) was sequenced and assembled in this study. The cp genome was 151,257 bp in length, including a large single-copy(LSC) region of 83,373 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,178 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 24,853 bp each. These sequences encoded 134 genes, including 89 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis based on 18 complete cp sequences revealed that S. jishouensis was closely related to Eclipta prostrata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Therapeutic interventions in prediabetes are important in the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its chronic complications. However, little is known about the pharmacogenetic effect of traditional herbs on prediabetes treatment. A total of 194 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) subjects were treated with traditional hypoglycemic herbs (Tianqi Jiangtang) for 12 months in this study. DNA samples were genotyped for 184 mutations in 34 genes involved in drug metabolism or transportation. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that rs1142345 (A > G) in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene was significantly associated with the hypoglycemic effect of the drug (P = 0.001, FDR P = 0.043). The "G" allele frequencies of rs1142345 in the healthy (subjects reverted from IGT to normal glucose tolerance), maintenance (subjects still had IGT), and deterioration (subjects progressed from IGT to T2D) groups were 0.094, 0.214, and 0.542, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that rs1142345 was also significantly associated with the hypoglycemic effect of the drug between the healthy and maintenance groups (P = 0.027, OR = 4.828) and between the healthy and deterioration groups (P = 0.001, OR = 7.811). Therefore, rs1142345 was associated with the clinical effect of traditional hypoglycemic herbs. Results also suggested that TPMT was probably involved in the pharmacological mechanisms of T2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qiangli Tianma Duzhong capsule (TMDZ), a Chinese herbal drug, is clinically used to improve functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke in China. This study was conducted to establish whether postischemic long-term treatment with TMDZ could reduce the loss of injured hemisphere and confer the improvements of neurological outcome in chronic survival of rats with 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion brain injury and its primary mechanisms. We found that TMDZ (44.5, 89, or 178mg/kg), administered per os 6 h after the onset of ischemia and for 28 consecutive days, significantly improved the behavior deficits, beginning on day 7, and further improved later. TMDZ treatment also markedly reduced the tissue loss of the injured hemisphere and improved histopathology. In the meantime, TMDZ treatment could improve hemorrheology and inhibit platelet aggregation. These results provide the first evidence that post-ischemic long-term treatment with TMDZ confers the improvements of neurological outcome and the loss of injured hemisphere in an animal ischemic stroke model, and its mechanisms might be associated with the improvements of hemorrheology and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphisms of IL-1 gene cluster are reported to be associated with histological changes and IL-1β expression in the gastric mucosa in adults, especially in Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects. As H. pylori infecting adults and children own different virulence genotypes, the aim of this study was to investigate whether IL-1 polymorphisms are risk factors in young children in South China. A total of 128 children with peptic symptoms were enrolled in this study. Polymorphisms of IL-1B-511 and IL-1B-31 were identified by dual fluorescence PCR. Variable number of tandem repeat region in IL-1RN was detected by conventional PCR and IL-1β mRNA expression by real-time PCR ddCT assay. IL-1B-31T and IL-1B-511C were completely linked in this study. Significant differences of IL-1B-511/-31 genotypes were observed among different clinical outcomes ( p = .001). The IL-1B-511TT/-31CC was mostly found in the moderate gastritis and the above (severe gastritis or gastric ulcer) groups, with percentage of 60.7%. While no association was observed between IL-1RN genotypes and the gastric mucosal histological changes ( p = .128). Also no relationships were found between IL-1 polymorphisms and H. pylori infection or gastric mucosal IL-1β mRNA expression level. Children with IL-1B-511TT/-31CC may have a risk to develop relatively severe gastric mucosal histological changes in South China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Injuries affect all age groups but have a particular impact on young people. To evaluate the incidence of non-fatal, unintentional, injuries among undergraduates in Wenzhou, China, assess the burden caused by these injuries, and explore the associated risk factors for unintentional injuries among these undergraduates, we conducted a college-based cross-sectional study. Methods: Participants were selected by a multi-stage random sampling method, and 2,287 students were asked whether they had had an injury in the last 12 months; the location, cause, and consequences of the event. The questionnaire included demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and the scale of type A behaviour pattern (TABP). Multivariate logistic regression models were used; crude odds ratios (ORs), adjusted ORs and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated, with students having no injuries as the reference group. Results: The incidence of injuries among undergraduates in Wenzhou was 18.71 injuries per 100 person-years (95%CI: 17.12∼20.31 injuries per 100 person-years). Falls were the leading cause of injury, followed by traffic injuries, and animal/ insect bites. Male students were more likely to be injured than female students. Risk factors associated with unintentional injuries among undergraduates were: students majoring in non-medicine (adjusted OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.19- 1.96); type A behaviour pattern (adjusted OR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.45-6.14); liking sports (adjusted OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.41-2.45). Conclusions: Injuries have become a public health problem among undergraduates. Falls were the major cause of non-fatal injury. Therefore, individuals, families, schools and governments should promptly adopt preventive measures aimed at preventing and controlling morbidity due to non-fatal injury, especially among students identified to be at high-risk; such as male students with type A behaviour pattern who like sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tidal flow and fine-sediment transport at the South Channel-North Passage of the partially-mixed Changjiang River estuary were studied using a two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) numerical model. This 2DH model was achieved by depth-integrating the momentum and convection-diffusion equations. The Alternating Direction Implicit scheme was used to solve the governing equations. The iterative method was adopted for the calculation of convection and diffusion terms of momentum equation. Comparisons between calculated and measured results (tidal elevations and depth-averaged velocities) have shown reasonable agreement. Horizontal distributions of tidal current velocity and suspended sediment concentration were qualitatively consistent with observations. Those modeled results were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms for the formation of the turbidity maximum and intratidal variations in fine-sediment transport processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the neutrophilic transient acidification and superoxide production in peritoneal dialysate (PDS) in China. Incubation of intracellular hydrogen-ion concentration in PDS; Determination of neutrophilic oxygen in PDS; Induction of intracellular acidosis.

The eastern Liaoning Province of China has rich morphological diversity in walnut fruit, which is beneficial for selecting promising characters for marketability purposes. However, only a few reports have addressed morphological diversity in this region. In this study, J. mandshurica nuts and kernels from six geographical provenances were assessed for morphological traits, such as nut longitudinal diameter, nut lateral diameter, nut transverse diameter, mean diameter, nut weight, kernel weight, shell thickness, nut sutural thickness, kernel percentage, and index of roundness. Morphological traits proved to be quite variable and showed differences both within and among the geographical provenances. The frequency distribution of the traits had single peaks and followed a normal distribution. Principal component analysis revealed that 81.062% of the total variance was explained by the first three components. An unweighted PGM with averaging cluster analysis divided the geographical provenances into two groups; cluster I, containing five geographical provenances, and cluster II, containing only one. The study highlighted that the traits related to nut weight were of importance for discrimination, and Fushun is the optimal geographical provenance for breeding and selection. This study could provide a basis and reference for further understanding of the genetic resources of Juglans mandshurica fruit types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An innovatory approach for determining grinding media ratio and sizes to optimize fraction compositions of grinding products was created based on the principle of grinding dynamics by the single fraction tests, which were conducted with the ore from Yongping Copper mine (China) in a discontinuous conical ball mill (D × L 360 × 160 mm, China), and the results show that the optimal ball size for +8 mm fraction, −8 + 5 mm fraction, −5 + 0.45 mm fraction and −0.3 + 0.2 mm fraction are Φ70 mm, Φ60 mm, Φ50 mm and Φ30 mm, respectively. Furthermore this approach was supported from the point of view of collision energy between ore and media by discrete element method (DEM), wtih results illustrating that the materials are more active with the highest tangential collision energy with 2.23 J. In addition, the comparable tests of the full fraction feed were conducted with media system determined by this method, with the grinding technical efficiency 71.71%, being 7.61 and 1.63 percentage points higher than that under the scheme on site and the other scheme. Furthermore, applicability and feasibility were proved to be tremendously positive through the industrial tests, and results of industrial tests show that unit media consumption and unit energy consumption are reduced by 0.56 kW·h and 0.072 kg/t, respectively, what's more, not only the production capacity is promoted by 1.04 t/h, but also concentrate indexes are also improved with grade and recovery being increased by 1.01 and 2.61 percentage points compared with that before the test. This method is extremely promising and novel and could be used in most beneficiation plants to optimize the media system of ball mill to elevate indexes and promote production in all probability. [Display omitted] • An approach, for determining grinding media ratio and size, based on grinding kinetics was created. • The energy consumption, such as unit power and media consumption, was saved. • The grinding efficiency and the production capability was enhanced. • The concentrate indexed, the grade and recovery of concentrate were improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study and model changes in the development of pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensisMakino), three pak choi cultivars--Xinxiaqing No. 5 (Xinxiaqing 5), Haiqing, and Huawang--were grown in a modern greenhouse. Four structural parameters, including leaf length, leaf width, and plant height and width, were measured regularly every 3 days. The results showed that the changes in plant height and width, and leaf length and width of the three cultivars followed sigmoidal trends. Logistical regression models {Y = K/[1 + (K - L0)/L0 × exp(-r × t)]; Y = K/[1 + (K - L0)/L0 × exp(2r × rad)]} of the leaf length and width accumulated with growth days and with accumulated radiation fit the actual data very well, with the correlation coefficient R² all greater than 0.98. The R² values of the plant width accumulation models were all greater than 0.93, whereas the R2 values of the plant height regression models were not robust. In this study, the regression models of changes in plant height and width, and leaf length and width of pak choi were used to study the changes of morphological characteristics and analyze the change rules of pak choi growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an overview of rapid growth which has been seen in China and particularly in Hong Kong China's business logistics industry in 2008. The increase is the result of an increase in the number of multinational and transnational business enterprises that have moved their production operations to China to take advantage of the country's low cost labor and market potential. A discussion of research which has been conducted on business logistics in Hong Kong and mainland China is presented.

It is very important to understand water ecology and the carbon cycle process by studying the composition, source, spectral characteristics, and influence factors of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The optical characteristics, composition, and source of CDOM in 71 water samples were collected from the lakes and four rivers of the Taibaishan Nature Reserve in the summer of 2019. The rivers included the Bawang, Heihe, Shitou, and Xushui Rivers. They were analyzed by UV-Vis spectral and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, combined with a parallel factor analysis model and redundant analysis. The results showed that CDOM in the water of the Taibaishan Nature Reserve contained two types of four fluorescent components, in which the humus-like components C1 and C2 were the main components of CDOM. The relative contribution of C1 and C2 to the rivers was 82%-96%, which was significantly larger than the lakes. All fluorescence indexes (FI) were larger than 1.8, the index of recent autochthonous contribution (BIX), and the index of freshness ( β : α ) were all approximately 0.6. The humification indexes (HIX) of the rivers were significantly larger than those of the lakes ( P <0.01). The DOM in the rivers was mainly from the forest soil of the Nature Reserve, and the water quality of the lakes was affected by tourists to some extent. The results of the redundant analysis show that the CDOM spectral characteristic parameters were significantly influenced by EC for the lakes ( P <0.05) and by EC, DTN, and DOC for the rivers ( P <0.01).

Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal effects of various water-free formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt against Oncomelania hupensis in the field of marshlands along the Yangtze River., Methods: The river beach with O. hupensis snails were selected as the test field in the marshland along the Yangtze River in Pukou District, Nanjing City. A molluscicidal experiment was carried out by the mechanical dusting method with the dustable powder (DP), powder-granule (PG), granule (GR) of niclosamide ethanolamine salt respectively. The snail mortality, corrected mortality, and the reduced rate of snails' density were parallel compared among DP, PG and GR., Results: On the 3rd day after the dusting, the snail mortality rates were 66.67%, 67.24%, and 66.87% in the DP, PG, and GR groups respectively, on the 7th day after the dusting, the snail mortality rates were 75.36%, 79.73%, and 73.97% in the DP, PG, and GR groups respectively, and there was no significant difference among the groups ( χ 2 = 0.006, 0.895, both P > 0.05). On the 15th day after the dusting, the snail mortality rates were 86.92%, 72.86%, and 71.43% in the DP, PG, and GR groups respectively, and there was a significant difference among the groups ( χ 2 = 9.709, P < 0.01). The snail mortality in the DP group was significantly higher than that in the PG, and GR groups. The curves of the snail corrected mortality and reduced rate of snails'density presented steadily rising trends in the DP group, but presented falling trends in the PG and GR groups on the 15th day after the dusting., Conclusions: The molluscicidal effect of DP is stable and effective in the marshland along the Yangtze River, but the drift of the powder is still not effectively controlled. It is necessary that the different dosage forms are perfected.

Aim: To assess effect of combination of symptoms, syndrome and disease on treatment of diabetic gastroparesis with severe nausea and vomiting., Methods: Professor Tong Xiaolin's clinical electronic medical records of patients who were treated between January 1, 2006 and October 1, 2012 were used as a database. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. General information (name, sex and age), symptoms and blood glucose levels were obtained from the clinic electronic medical record, which was supplemented by a telephone interview. The patient-rated Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) was used to evaluate the severity of the symptoms of gastroparesis. The effects of the treatment were assessed by the change in the severity of the symptoms of gastroparesis and the change in blood glucose between the baseline levels and the post-treatment levels at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 wk., Results: Forty-five patients had a mean GCSI nausea and vomiting severity score of 4.21 ± 0.67 and a total GCSI score of 2.77 ± 0.63 before treatment. There was a significant improvement in the nausea and vomiting score at every return visit compared with the baseline score (1 wk: 3.02 ± 1.04 vs 4.18 ± 0.71, P < 0.001; 2 wk: 2.32 ± 1.25 vs 4.16 ± 0.73, P < 0.001; 4 wk: 2.12 ± 1.26 vs 4.12 ± 0.73, P < 0.001; 8 wk: 1.79 ± 1.09 vs 4.24 ± 0.77, P < 0.001; 12 wk: 0.69 ± 0.92 vs 4.25 ± 0.70, P < 0.001). Twenty-five of the 45 patients had complete resolution of vomiting during the observation period (mean time to resolution was 37.9 ± 27.3 d). The postprandial fullness and early satiety subscale, bloating subscale and total GCSI scores were also improved. Finally, the blood glucose levels improved after treatment, although the change was not significant., Conclusion: Use of the combination of symptoms, syndrome and disease to treat diabetic gastroparesis with refractory nausea and vomiting may be a new treatment option.

Refractory diabetic gastroparesis (DGP), a disorder that occurs in both type 1 and type 2 diabetics, is associated with severe symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting, and results in an economic burden on the health care system. In this article, the basic characteristics of refractory DGP are reviewed, followed by a discussion of therapeutic modalities, which encompasses the definitions and clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy evaluation of refractory DGP. The diagnostic standards assumed in this study are those set forth in the published literature due to the absence of recognized diagnosis criteria that have been assessed by an international organization. The therapeutic modalities for refractory DGP are as follows: drug therapy, nutritional support, gastric electrical stimulation, pyloric botulinum toxin injection, endoscopic or surgical therapy, and traditional Chinese treatment. The therapeutic modalities may be used alone or in combination. The use of traditional Chinese treatments is prevalent in China. The effectiveness of these therapies appears to be supported by preliminary evidence and clinical experience, although the mechanisms that underlie these effects will require further research. The purpose of this article is to explore the potential of combined Western and traditional Chinese medicine treatment methods for improved patient outcomes in refractory DGP.