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The bioactive extracts recovered from Curcuma longa (stem), Mentha aquatica (stem and leaves), Emblica officinalis (fruits), Nigella sativa (seeds), and Glycyrrhiza glabra (stem) using methanol and ethanol, were appraised for antioxidant (total flavonoid contents, total phenolic contents, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation and reducing power) and antimicrobial attributes. Total phenolics (16.89 ± 0.18 - 25.06 ± 0.31g GAE/100g) and total flavonoids (1.96 ± 0.07 - 13.54 ± 0.18 CE g/100g) contents of aqueous methanol extracts of tested plant materials were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of aqueous ethanol extracts (13.87 ± 0.12 - 28.63 ± 0.34 g GAE/100g) and (2.20 ± 0.10 - 8.71 ± 0.24 CE /100g), respectively. The percent inhibition of linoleic acid per oxidation by crude ethanol extracts of plants was in the range of 48.72 ± 1.24 - 70.79 ± 1.57 and crude methanol extract 35.90 ± 1.28 - 61.54 ± 2.14, while the range of DPPH free radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts was (58.36 ± 1.98 - 80.55 ± 3.07) and methanol extracts (39.55 ± 1.52 - 79.64± 2.33). The reducing power of the tested extracts obtained by ethanol (at the concentration of 10 mg/mL) ranged 1.11 ± 0.12 - 1.53 ± 0.18 while for methanol extracts 0.98 ± 0.11 - 1.39 ± 0.12. Among the attributes analyzed, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and DPPH free scavenging activity were found to be varied significantly in all the tested medicinal plants. The extracts from all plants showed good antimicrobial potential against a penal of bacteria, including E. coli, P. multocida and S. aureus, and fungi including A. niger, A. flavus, A. alternate, and G. lucidium. Overall, the tested samples were found to be a good source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents and thus can be explored for potential functional food and nutra-pharmaceutical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bioactive extracts recovered from Curcuma longa (stem), Mentha aquatica (stem and leaves), Emblica officinalis (fruits), Nigella sativa (seeds), and Glycyrrhiza glabra (stem) using methanol and ethanol, were appraised for antioxidant (total flavonoid contents, total phenolic contents, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation and reducing power) and antimicrobial attributes. Total phenolics (16.89 ± 0.18 - 25.06 ± 0.31g GAE/100g) and total flavonoids (1.96 ± 0.07 - 13.54 ± 0.18 CE g/100g) contents of aqueous methanol extracts of tested plant materials were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of aqueous ethanol extracts (13.87 ± 0.12 - 28.63 ± 0.34 g GAE/100g) and (2.20 ± 0.10 - 8.71 ± 0.24 CE /100g), respectively. The percent inhibition of linoleic acid per oxidation by crude ethanol extracts of plants was in the range of 48.72 ± 1.24 - 70.79 ± 1.57 and crude methanol extract 35.90 ± 1.28 - 61.54 ± 2.14, while the range of DPPH free radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts was (58.36 ± 1.98 - 80.55 ± 3.07) and methanol extracts (39.55 ± 1.52 - 79.64± 2.33). The reducing power of the tested extracts obtained by ethanol (at the concentration of 10 mg/mL) ranged 1.11 ± 0.12 – 1.53 ± 0.18 while for methanol extracts 0.98 ± 0.11 – 1.39 ± 0.12. Among the attributes analyzed, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and DPPH free scavenging activity were found to be varied significantly in all the tested medicinal plants. The extracts from all plants showed good antimicrobial potential against a penal of bacteria, including E. coli, P. multocida and S. aureus, and fungi including A. niger, A. flavus, A. alternate, and G. lucidium. Overall, the tested samples were found to be a good source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents and thus can be explored for potential functional food and nutra-pharmaceutical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants are the biofactories. Indian Medicinal plants and their role in therapeutic usage was well documented by Charaka and Sushruta in 1500-500 BC. Medicinal Plants have been used in healthcare since long era. The vital role of medicinal plants in disease prevention and there promotions. Thus, in present review attempts were made to compile the data of Medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites for screening or bio-efficacy and/or isolation of bioactive especially with reference to alkaloids from Rajasthan. The study was conducted in region of Rajasthan, India. Rajasthan is situated in the north-western part of India between 23A3' and 30A12 N latitude and 69A30' and 78A17 E longitude and comprises an area of about 34239 Sq Km. Electronic literature review method was accustomed to study different review paper or research articles. The data was collected from Google, Google scolar, Pubchem science direct and also from various type of Journal such as Journal of Asian natural product research, African Pacific Journal of infectious disease etc. from the year 1984-2019were taken under consideration. In this review article 30 plants were reviewed and study for the alkaloids and their efficiency as therapeutic agents was reported. In this research we found that 15 families and from these families approximate 210 alkaloids were found to be present. These plants possess various biological activities such as, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous. Plants surviving in such harsh condition possess amount of alkaloids which provides medicinal properties to the mankind and also provide the defense mechanism to the plants. These alkaloids rich plants can be alternative source of diet and replace the nutraceuticals as therapeutic targets in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The indigenous people of southern Africa have a long history of traditional plant usage for medicinal purposes, with about 4,000 taxa being so employed. Traditional medicines continue to play a significant role in the treatment of life-threatening diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, diabetes and AIDS in the developing world, although no adequate scientific evidence has been documented in support of their healing properties. The primary goal of this paper is to summarize information on some of the plant species used by traditional healers for the treatment of diabetes in South Africa. The information obtained is from published literature as well as personal communication with various traditional healers and herbalists from different areas. In total, the information of 32 plant species, representing 20 families, traditionally used by healers in the treatment of diabetes, has been discussed, of which 14 are currently being investigated for their hypoglycemic activity by various scientists at the University of Pretoria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]