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The de‐acidification method has always been a hotspot in the research of paper‐based cultural relics conservation science. The existing de‐acidification methods are either not thorough enough or not easy to operate, requiring innovation and breakthrough. Moreover, the strength of the paper cannot be significantly improved by the simple de‐acidification treatment. To achieve the reinforcement of paper, another intervention process is often required, and each intervention may cause damage to the fragile paper cultural relics. This study introduces electrosorption deionization technology to the conservation treatment of paper cultural relics. Based on the electrosorption technology, an integrated treatment of paper de‐acidification and reinforcement was applied to sample papers using a composite electrolyte of de‐acidification and reinforcement materials and a self‐made electrosorption device. The experimental results show that both the de‐acidification and reinforcement effects on the paper samples obtained a significant promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to inquire for the sociodemographic structure of the Venezuelan occupied labour force and its differences in comparison to the national occupied labour force in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. To achieve this purpose, this research relies on data for the year 2021 from the Integrated Great Survey of Households (Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares - GEIH), a monthly socio demographic survey GEIH that captures information related to the main characteristics of the studied population. In this sense, comparisons in terms of educational levels, income, occupational status, family structure, gender and age groups were done in order to determine differences and common patterns. Finally, a hierarchical cluster analysis strategy was proposed to identify possible sociodemographic typologies of the Venezuelan labour force.

To endow wooden material with an electric heating function, carbon fiber paper, as an electric heating membrane, was laminated with wood veneer to prepare wooden electric heating composites. The electric heating performance of the membrane under different power densities and resistance stabilities, as well as the influencing mechanism of the process on both the resistance and bonding performance of the composite, were studied. The surface temperature of the membrane and composite increased by more than 20 °C in 30 s and 10 min, respectively, after electricity was applied. Furthermore, the samples had a surface temperature unevenness of 4 and 2 °C, respectively. Many potential contact points between carbon fibers fulfilled their connections, reducing the drop rate of resistance (DRR) after hot-pressing to the range of 30% to 43%. The hot-press pressure and glue spread had a high degree of relevancy (coefficient of determination R2=0.960 and R2=0.997) with the DRR of the composite, respectively. The composite exhibited a negative temperature coefficient effect (NTC), and the DRR after heating for 15 h was 4.4%, but tended to ultimately stabilize. The composite, which exhibited good time-temperature effects and had a linear relationship with a high value of the coefficient of determination (R2=0.983) between power density and equilibrium temperature, displays solid potential for use in preparing integrated wooden electric heating products.

The Internet convulsed journalism and created new press models based on budgets radically different from those that traditionally shaped the performance of the profession. Although at first the newspapers created different work structures for paper and web media, the final decision of the journalistic companies was to create a single newsroom for paper and web media. This article investigates if from the theory of Communication, and especially from the works of McLuhan, this decision is or is not justified in a correct way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laboratory classes are an essential part of an engineering course. Laboratory sessions are primarily designed to develop proficiency in technical skills, offer an opportunity to place theory in context, develop critical thinking skills and promote investigation-based learning. Laboratory experiences will help to develop as independent learners, researchers, critical thinkers, and generators of knowledge. There are several improvements that need to be implemented to improve student laboratory experiences. The purpose of this research is to integrate with end semester examination in view of requirements of the 21st century. This paper highlight the evaluation system which is robust and dynamic as compared to the traditional evaluation system. This research is based on the feedback collected from industrialists and academicians on the present examination system. The paper has come up with the result that 50 % of academicians are of the opinion that examination paper patterns should include the laboratory-based question. The paper highlights the curriculum design aspect related to the question paper setting. The paper brings some critical points related to the integration of laboratory conduct and evaluation system with end semester examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the diverse benefits of nature to people is characterised by a broad range of disciplines involved, encompassing a variety of approaches, methods and terminologies. While a diversity of approaches is valuable, it can lead to difficulties in integrating and sharing findings, and could form a barrier to effective knowledge exchange, hindering the development and applications of research outputs.As a starting point for this scoping review, we chose four broad research areas (medicine, psychology, education and environment), selected to represent disparate approaches to research on the benefits of nature to people, within and across which to explore overlap in citations and terms used to describe nature.We conducted expert consultation and a snowball‐based approach to source publications, resulting in a sample of 210 papers spanning multiple disciplines within each of our four research areas. For each paper, we recorded the discipline of the journal in which it was published (publishing discipline), the discipline of its first author (first‐author discipline), the number of times journals of each discipline were cited in their bibliographies (cited discipline) and the term(s) used in the paper's title or abstract to describe the aspect of nature being explored (nature term).The cited disciplines were significantly different between publishing and first‐author disciplines, with papers from psychology, education and public health citing distinct communities of papers. However, disciplines generally cite a wide range of other disciplines, with articles in medical journals being particularly broadly cited.Nature terms were significantly different between publishing and first‐author disciplines, with some degree of consistency within disciplines (e.g. education papers consistently used a narrow range of nature terms, such as 'outdoor learning'). However, there was a notably high range of nature terms used within psychology and public health papers, indicating that research from these disciplines may be particularly prone to being overlooked by search strings.The wide range of disciplines cited is encouraging, since this indicates that diverse research areas are generally aware of each other's work. However, to avoid unnecessary expansion of nature terms and support searchability, we propose four key terms for nature: ('outdoor learning' OR 'outdoor education'), ('nature' OR 'natural'), ('green space' OR 'greenspace') and ('biodiversity' or 'trees'), which could be used across disciplines. We particularly propose that at least one of these be included in every paper, and all four should be included in review search strings. This is likely to result in a better understanding of the valuable, disparate contributions made by different disciplines to this expanding and important topic. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents two innovative, interesting and promising conceptual designs of 2‐in‐1 antenna‐on‐display (AoD) for mobile phones. The 2‐in‐1 AoD designs integrate millimeter‐wave (mmw) antennas and a near‐field communication (NFC) coil/coils, and microwave (mcw) antennas and a near‐field communication (NFC) coil, respectively. The proposed 2‐in‐1 AoD designs can elegantly function as advanced antenna integration solutions for mobile phones to well satisfy users' popular demands on wireless communications in eras of 5G and beyond 5G (B5G). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a method of monolithically integrating GaN microLEDs with an IGZO TFT backplane to produce an activematrix microdisplay. After discussion of the fabrication process, individual LEDs, TFTs, and the integrated system are characterized. Results demonstrate a 32x32 pixel, 78.4 PPI microdisplay with luminance exceeding 1500 nits. This type of monolithic microdisplay forges the path forward for future high luminance integrated displays to enable augmented and mixed reality applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The migration literature contends that, unlike other immigrants, refugees resettled in the US benefit from a federal program of integration. These claims do not consider the barriers that may complicate the implementation of resettlement policy. Based on 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork at a refugee resettlement agency in California, I argue that the organizational structure of the US Resettlement Program shapes how caseworkers provide resettlement services on a daily basis. The financial insecurity of Resettlement Agencies coupled with high stakes government oversight creates an organizational culture of vulnerability where caseworkers rely on discretion as they put resettlement policy into practice. Caseworkers develop coping mechanisms to get by as they simultaneously attend to the demands of their funders and their refugee clients. Given these structural constraints and limited resources, caseworkers instrumentalize paperwork as a discretionary tool. When files and documents are privileged over the quality and extent of resettlement services, caseworkers creatively utilize paperwork to separate policy from practice in order to protect themselves and appease their refugee clients. This policy of integration instead becomes a practice of paper integration , which problematizes prior theories and assumptions about US refugee resettlement. This practice of paper integration ultimately affects the services that arriving refugees receive and the degree to which they benefit from this ostensible program of integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research leading to the modeling framework presented in this paper was motivated by the need to provide Canadian pulp and paper producers with a means of maximizing the value created from available fibre supplies. The proposed approach involves finding optimal strategies for partitioning fibre supplies into grades, allocating fibre grades to process streams, selecting appropriate production technologies and capacities, and establishing end-product range compositions and production volumes. These strategies are elaborated with a mixed-integer programming model which can be solved using commercial optimization software. Three test case scenarios are used to validate the model and illustrate how it can be applied to strategic and tactical decision making. A variant of this model has also been applied to an industrial planning problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: In 2006 the Labour Government in England published its long awaited White Paper on ‘community services’, following on from the 2005 Green Paper on the future of social care. The policy envisages an unprecedented shift of activity and resources from acute care to community settings, along with a much stronger focus on preventive care. Several mechanisms are to be put in place to ensure this shift takes place, most notably practice-based commissioning, payments-by-results and enhanced partnership working. Purpose: This article outlines the intended changes and assesses the extent to which they add up to a coherent strategy. Conclusion: It is argued that although there is widespread support for the overall vision, the strategy contains some difficult policy tensions that are common to other welfare systems. These will have to be addressed if the vision is to be a reality.