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Mn ions in different valence states can emit light of different colors in an octahedral coordination environment, which is conducive to the development of a single matrix with multi-color luminescence and applications in the field of anti-counterfeiting. The dual mode multi-color luminescent material CaSb 2 O 6 : Mn has been successfully synthesized using a single Mn source in the atmosphere. The CaSb 2 O 6 matrix itself can also absorb 285 nm UV light, emit blue light, and show a long afterglow phenomenon. Both Mn4+ and Mn2+ ions will appear in the [SbO 6 ] octahedra, whether the Mn source adopts MnCO 3 or MnO 2. The Mn4+ ion exhibits red emission upon UV excitation at 347 nm. The Mn2+ ion can emit a bright green light at 285 nm excitation while exhibiting a long afterglow phenomenon. In this study, the Mn2+ doped octahedron showed unique green emission and broadens the range of its photoluminescence (PL) wavelength. The performance of the material's long afterglow properties on the digital codes demonstrates its potential for dynamic anti-counterfeiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]