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Interactions in the healthcare system today involve an important new set of actors: evaluative health platforms (EHPs). These platforms are not neutral intermediaries, but active moderators of how patients express opinions, choose providers, and consume health-related information. This paper adds to our understanding of the varied and evolving commercial interests of EHPs and the implications these have for patient voice. We analyze 71 platforms in the USA, UK, and Germany and identify five ideal types: subscribers, analyzers, advertisers, regulators, and scammers. Each platform type enacts a unique competitive strategy through an evaluative infrastructure which constrains but also generates possibilities for patient voice. Based on our typology, we develop three contributions. First, we nuance universalizing claims about the consequences of platform capitalism by specifying the diverse strategies underpinning competition between EHPs in different countries, and showing how each strategy leads evaluative infrastructures to develop in ways that impact patient voice. Second, we show how patients can navigate the challenges of a complex EHP space by exercising their ability to choose between platforms. Finally, we outline the conditions platforms need to fulfil to become empowering. Overall, this study highlights the varied and complex relationship between platform business models and user voice, which exists not only in healthcare, but also in many other fields. • Typology of evaluative health platforms (EHPs) in the US, the UK, and Germany. • EHP business models and content moderation techniques vary considerably. • EHPs have a wide range of implications for patient voice. • More transparency and competition can help platforms increase patient empowerment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Communication of hazards related to chemical products is an essential aspect for improving customer confidence in electronic commerce. Objective: To examine the regulated hazard statements for swimming pool chemicals advertised and sold to the public over the Internet. Methodology: We randomly selected 40 hazardous chemicals for swimming pools sold in online stores over the Internet. Data were captured from 8 different companies' websites with headquarters in Andalusia (Spain). Results: Chemical advertisements without visible hazard statements were predominant (n = 25). In all cases, hazard statements on product labels displayed on the websites were illegible. Only 3 chemical products showed codes and visible hazard statements on their website. Conclusion: The protection of e-commerce consumers and customers concerning chemical safety could be compromised due to the lack of relevant information about selling hazardous products over the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This section offers news briefs relating to injury management and research in the U.S. as of June 2015. These include reports that gun deaths exceeded motor vehicle deaths in Tennessee and 16 other states in 2013, confirmation that most on-the-job fatalities involving truck drivers are due to crashes and a study by two groups at the University of Michigan which assessed a 15-year-old technology which if implemented may be able to reduce 85% of crash-related deaths.

The article discusses the potential of partnerships between academic/research and industry to help make needed advances in prevention efforts across multiple types of intentional and unintentional injury. Topics discussed include the collaboration between Nationwide Insurance and Center for Insury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Safe Kids Worldwide to develop tips and tools for caregivers for the "Make Safe Happen" website and app.