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The significance of the sonic, especially of vocal music, in the context of animism and perspectivism was hitherto underestimated in anthropological theory. Working on examples of Shipibo-Konibo magical songs from the author's own ethnomusicological fieldwork recordings, in this paper it is proposed that the first-person experience of médicos (healers or sorcerers) has to be considered most valuable for interpreting structures of relationships between humans and non-humans. This experience surfaces most obviously in singing styles and lyrics of songs performed by médicos in the current state of interaction with non-humans during ritual curing, worshipping, or fighting. Results obtained from this analysis include: 1) The ascription of consciousness and human or humanoid physicality to non-humans is the result of the médico's perceptions during musically induced or controlled altered states of perception and cognition (ASPC); 2) The transformation into and identification with non-humans involve full conscious experience by the médico and therefore pertain to the highest level of evidentiality in Shipibo discourse which is ontologically determining; 3) Human physicality and competence of perception and action is not universal among all beings but is a matter of grading dependent on magical and practical powers of the respective species; 4) A "sonic perspectivism" allowing for agency in the construction of perspectives, and an "ambient multinaturalism" extending the notion of transformation from body to environment, are introduced by analysing sonic phenomena. Finally, the author proposes to focus more on indigenous praxis than on analysis and comparison of narratives in order to understand indigenous ontologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The simplest definition of landscape describes it as the physiognomy of the geographical environment. The notion cultural landscape refers to landscape that has been transformed by Man as the result of civilizational development. Cultural landscapes are extremely dynamic and ephemeral systems. Currently, we are witnessing dramatic transformation of the landscape. The processes of consumption and globalization of the landscape are happening on a mass scale in the 21st century. Many of the factors that cause these rapid changes are within the scope of interest of geography; these include analyses of the impact on the environment of mass tourism, transport, fragmentation of the space resulting from growing areas of settlements and service sites, restructuring of industry, etc. The issues discussed in the paper include: factors of landscape transformation, diversification of European landscapes in selected regions and assessment of their condition, analysis of contemporary threats to the quality of European landscapes and directions of their transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How is the world organized at the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century? What are the structure and the character of the geopolitical order in place today? What elements it is constituted of? How it took form? How can it evolve in the future? What are the factors driving these processes? Those question marks have been at the center of the problematic and the thematic of international relations since its inception as a discipline and emerge forcefully today in view that the international scheme that took form after the Cold War was over has been modified over the last decade by a series of events that have altered its structure and working dynamics. The purpose of this paper is to make an effort aimed at finding an answer to them in reference to the order in place today, and stress the implications of the resulting findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper makes an assessment of the exergy loss of the main minerals produced in the world throughout the 21st century, namely coal, oil, natural gas, iron, aluminium and copper. The reason for using the exergy analysis as an assessment tool is because it takes into account the main physical features that make a natural resource valuable: concentration, composition and quantity. Furthermore, using the same unit of measurement (energy) means all minerals considered can be compared and added. The future depletion degree of mineral reserves has been predicted with the help of five different scenarios. The first scenario assumes that production of all commodities will follow the well-known Hubbert''s bell-shaped curve. The other four models are based on the (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change''s Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) for fossil fuel consumption and the Hubbert peak model for non-fuel minerals. The results of this study indicate that there might not be enough available resources to satisfy the predicted future mineral demand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In my paper, I will try to renew the public philosophy. As a result of specialization and professionalization of academic disciplines since the late 19th centuries, a rather unsound academic situation prevails at many universities in the world; social sciences without any philosophical foundation on the one hand and an academic philosophy without any concern about social theory on the other hand. In order to break out of such deadlock, the public philosophy that has a long tradition since Aristotle to Smith and Hegel must be renewed as a comprehensive trans-discipline now. The public philosophy in this sense is an attempt in the “time of post-specialization of sciences.” What I mean by the time of post-specialization is the academic environment in which social sciences, humanities and natural sciences cooperate with one another to tackle serious problems of our time such as human rights, peace building, dialogue among religions and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Politica: Ideas, Procesos y Movimientos Sociales is the property of Departamento De Historia del Pensamiento y de los Moviemientos Sociales y Politicos (Madrid) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

What makes some acts morally right and others morally wrong? Traditionally, philosophers have thought that in order to answer this question we must find and formulate exceptionless moral principles—principles that capture all and only morally right actions. Utilitarianism and Kantianism are paradigmatic examples of such attempts. In recent years, however, there has been a growing interest in a novel approach—Particularism—although its precise content is still a matter of controversy. In this paper I develop and motivate a new formulation of particularism as a research program and I show that my formulation is not vulnerable to the most common objections to particularism. Moreover, I argue that the particularist research program shows enough promise to warrant further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Registration and regulation of healthcare professionals and practices, such as in the medical, dental and physiotherapy professions, are essentially state government functions and responsibilities. Registration of chiropractors and regulation of chiropractic practices are also state government functions and responsibilities. This paper summarises the history of government Acts which register chiropractors and regulate the practice of chiropractic in Western Australia and South Australia. It identifies, analyses and compares recent changes to these Acts and concludes that in Western Australia these changes update and develop sequential elements of administrative principles established in preceding healthcare legislation, while in South Australia changes constitute substantive compromise in the registration of chiropractors and regulation of its practices. The need for constant vigilance in the development of new emerging chiropractic legislative enactment, supported by historical understanding and appropriate representation of the chiropractic profession is underlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article, part of a symposium on the views of the author on rationality, presents the author's response to arguments in other papers, by Nicholas Southwood, Stephen Kearns and Daniel Star, and Garrett Cullity, published in the issue. Topics discussed include reason, reasoning processes, and normativity.

Philosophical discussions of prioritarianism, the view that we ought to give priority to those who are worse off, have hitherto been almost exclusively focused on cases involving a fixed population. The aim of this paper is to extend the discussion of prioritarianism to encompass also variable populations. I argue that prioritarianism, in its simplest formulation, is not tenable in this area. However, I also propose several revised formulations that, so I argue, show more promise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strong representationalism claims that the qualitative character of our phenomenal mental states consists in the intentional content of such states. Although strong representationalism has greatly increased in popularity over the last decade, I find the view deeply implausible. In this paper, I attempt to argue against strong representationalism by a two-step argument. First, I suggest that strong representationalism must be unrestricted in order to serve as an adequate theory of qualia, i.e., it must apply to all qualitative mental states. Second, I present considerations – deriving largely from nonperceptual states – to show that an unrestricted form of strong representationalism is problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Religación: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades is the property of Religacion: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article provides an overview of feminist approaches to the New Testament from the period of 2000 to early 2021. Using a broad definition of 'feminist' (to include virtually any work focused primarily on women or female issues presented in the biblical text) and a more stringent definition of 'New Testament' (including only those texts that are a part of the New Testament canon, but not larger socio-historical studies or extracanonical literature), the article offers an overview of trends in feminist scholarship on the Gospels and Acts, the Pauline epistles, the General Epistles and Hebrews, and Revelation, noting that this body of scholarship may be characterized as being diverse, collaborative, and centered on female characters within the New Testament texts. With open vistas for exploration remaining, the article forecasts a rich future for feminist approaches to the New Testament. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeszyty Naukowe KUL is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Wydawnictwo KUL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the frequentoccurrence of natural calamities in the world has gained much attention due to infrastructure and life losses. Increase in global temperature has threatened the earth’s climate, causing unpredictable and extremeweatherevents more often. These events were both short-termas well as long-term. In spite of insufficient monitoring coverage of inner areas and high altitudes, an intensification of average yearly temperature has been observed after the 20thcentury inmany regions of Asia. Pakistan has faced a number of natural disasters including severe floods, devastating earthquakes, disturbing droughts, distressing smog, extreme temperature and torrential rainfall patterns. These calamities have affected people economically, socially, physically and mentally by posing a threat to earth, its species and their livelihood. This paper was aimed to document the natural calamities in Pakistan since the beginning of 21stcentury till date. The country is facing the problemof intense and longer summers and has witnessed two intenseheat waves. Moreover, in some areas, extensive droughts are threatening crops, freshwater supply and wildlife. In recent years, the problem of smog has emerged in Pakistan, especiallyin Punjab. The problem is getting worse in every coming year due to overpopulation, cities expansion, increased emission of greenhousegases, open burning of crop residues and extreme reliance on fossil fuels for energy purpose. So far in this century, Pakistan has faced 3 droughts, 2 heat waves, 10 severe floods, 27 major earthquakes, 2 consecutive sessions of severe smog and extreme high and lowtemperatureevents. Some of the deadliest events were; 2005 Kashmir earthquake claiming 87,350 human lives and 2010 flood impacting nearly 20 million people with 1,781 causalities. Change in climate is posing a severe threat to species, livelihood of the human beingsand the earth. Global warming is causing warming of oceans and consequently rise in sea level. Climate change affects average as well as extreme temperatures hence increasing the probability climate-relateddisasters.Thus,global warming is causing a chain of catastrophic events that makethe problem even more complex to understand.

Résumé : Cet article s’attache à mettre en évidence les liens de nature qui unissent la ville et le désert, deux espaces géographiques et symboliques apparemment antithétiques au plus haut point, dans l’œuvre romanesque de Roberto Bolaño. Dans un contexte géopolitique et migratoire mondialisé, la ville frontalière de Santa Teresa – double littéraire de Ciudad Juárez – cristallise les passages du sud du continent américain vers les États-Unis : ce sas migratoire constitue, en l’occurrence, le décor semble-t-il consubstantiel de milliers de féminicides. Si la ville se présente traditionnellement comme l’incarnation géographique et comme la réalisation spatiale d’une forme d’achèvement politique et civilisationnel, l’œuvre de Bolaño confronte son lecteur à la débâcle des prétentions civiles de la cité. Pour tenter d’expliquer le paradoxe d’une urbanité barbare, cet article se propose d’élucider la manière dont Santa Teresa apparaît poétiquement construite comme l’incubateur topologique du mal absolu dans les romans de l’écrivain chilien. Resumen: En este artículo se busca evidenciar los vínculos intrínsecos que unen ciudad y desierto en la obra de Roberto Bolaño, a pesar del carácter por lo visto altamente antitético de ambas entidades geográficas y simbólicas. En un contexto geopolítico y migratorio globalizado, la ciudad fronteriza de Santa Teresa –trasunto literario de Ciudad Juárez– cristaliza los flujos que llegan desde el sur del continente americano hacia los Estados Unidos: esta esclusa migratoria constituye, más concretamente, el escenario aparentemente consubstancial de miles de feminicidios. Si la ciudad se presenta tradicionalmente como la encarnación geográfica y como la realización espacial de cierta forma de logro político y civilizacional, la obra de Bolaño sin embargo enfrenta su lector a la desbandada de las pretensiones civiles de la ciudad. Para intentar explicar dicha paradoja de una bárbara urbanidad, este artículo se propone desentrañar la manera en que Santa Teresa se ve poéticamente elaborada como incubador topológico del mal absoluto. Abstract: This paper wishes to bring out the intrinsic links that seem to relate the city and the desert in Roberto Bolaño’s novels, despite the apparent antithesis of these two geographic and symbolic entities. In globalized geopolitical and migratory contexts, the border city of Santa Teresa—a fictional lookalike of Ciudad Juárez—gathers the traffic flows which connect the south of the American continent to the United States: this migratory airlock constitutes the apparently consubstantial scenery of thousands of feminicides. While, on the one hand, the city usually appears as the geographical embodiment and as the spatial realization of a certain form of political and civilizational achievement, on the other hand, Bolaño’s opus nonetheless leaves its readers facing the defeat of the city’s civilizational ambitions. This article attempts to clarify how Santa Teresa is here literarily built as a topological incubator of absolute evil, and aims at showing how this case exemplifies the paradox of a barbaric urbanity.

Este artículo versa sobre la creación del primer museo de arte digital del mundo, inaugurado el 21 de junio de 2018 en Tokio (Japón). Nos referimos al Mori Building Digital Art Museum: teamLab Borderless, que se encuentra situado en la isla artificial de Odaiba, núcleo de la cultura futurista nipona y dominada por el edificio Fuji TV del arquitecto Kenzo Tange, el cual, a su vez, es sede del Miraikan, el Museo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología Emergentes de Japón. Este lugar es perfecto para esta nueva disciplina artística que adquiere cada vez más notoriedad en la sociedad actual, por su capacidad de combinar manifestaciones artísticas con diferentes tipologías tecnológicas, produciendo de esta manera instalaciones inmersivas con un fuerte impacto en el espectador y que a su vez convierten a la tecnología en una inmensa obra de arte. / This paper deals with the creation of the world’s first digital art museum, inaugurated on 21 June 2018 in Tokyo (Japan). The Mori Building Digital Art Museum: teamLab Borderless is located on the artificial island of Odaiba, that is the heart of Japan’s futuristic culture and is surrounded by architect Kenzo Tange’s Fuji TV building, which in turn is the home of Japan’s Miraikan, Japan’s Museum of Emerging Science and Technology. This place is perfect for the new artistic discipline that is becoming more and more notorious in today’s society, for its ability to combine artistic manifestations with different technological typologies, thus producing immersive installations with a strong impact on the viewer and at the same time turning technology into an immense work of art.

• Sheds light on the contribution of a leading futurist to alternative planetary futures. • Reviews an integral approach to interpretation of the Anthropocene and civilization futures. • Critically addresses the criticism of the Western worldview and offers alternative binary opposites. • Stresses on the importance of trade-offs related to promises of advanced technology. • Suggests the development of planetary identity as a promising solution. Richard Slaughter has consistently, prolifically, passionately and wisely contributed over his impressive professional career to futures studies as an emerging knowledge base or academic discipline. He has also raised the alarm that we are short on time to keep open the possibility of alternative planetary futures. As a leading scholar, he has become the teacher or the master interpreter of all the skeptics who cast serious doubt on the assumed course of our planetary future. This paper shows why there is high quality exegesis and echo in his contribution to futures studies, following his problem statement and problem solution line of argument. Some doubt and criticism are also caste on his casting a big doubt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug repurposing, or repositioning, is to identify new uses for existing drugs. Significantly reducing the costs and time-to-market of a medication, drug repurposing has been an alternative tool to accelerate drug development process. On the other hand, 'real world data (RWD)' has been also increasingly used to support drug development process owing to its better representing actual pattern of drug treatment and outcome in real world. In the healthcare domain, RWD refers to data collected from sources other than traditional clinical trials; for example, in electronic health records or claims and billing data. With the enactment of the 21st Century Cures Act, which encourages the use of RWD in drug development and repurposing as well, such increasing trend in RWD use will be expedited. In this context, this review provides an overview of recent progresses in the area of drug repurposing where RWD was used, by firstly introducing the increasing trend and regulatory change in the use of RWD in drug development, secondly reviewing published works using RWD in drug repurposing, classifying them in the repurposing strategy, and lastly addressing limitations and advantages of RWDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School counselors are an important cornerstone in addressing inequities and supporting student success. A thorough review of the literature promotes the unification of contemporary school counselor practice, restorative practices, and the development of students' 21st-century skills. This article sheds light on this concept, illustrating how school counselors can infuse skill-building within the restorative practices framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the history of science in Polish language has a long history, both intellectual and institutional, it became less visible internationally following the fall of the Iron Curtain. This article looks into the institutional state of history‐of‐science writing in Poland, and discusses several key focal points that emerged in recent years. By distinguishing between the core history of science, written at institutions devoted to this discipline, and broader academic discussions concerning science's past, I claim that, in recent decades, more important topical and theoretical innovation has come from what we can term the "esoteric" circle (referring to Ludwik Fleck)—that is, scholars who do not identify themselves as historians of science. Given that those scholars from abroad who are interested in Polish history of science are in fact general historians, we get a strong impression that we are witnessing a deeper turn in the field, one with diminishing specialization and greater attention paid to situating science in a broader range of societal processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Information & Documentation Studies / Bilgi ve Belge Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Information & Documentation Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines librarians' Information Communication Technology (ICT) competency in the 21st Century using federal university libraries in Southern Nigeria as a case study. The total population for this study comprised of 362 librarians from eighteen (18) federal university libraries in Southern Nigeria. Total enumeration technique was adopted because of the small and manageable size of the population. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentage/frequency counts and weighted mean. Findings from this study revealed among others that computers, printers, E-mail, CD-ROMs, mobile phones, photocopiers, Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS), Internet connectivity, scanners, power point projectors and integrated library management software are available for use by the librarians in federal university libraries in Southern Nigeria; ICT skills such as skills to power on and off a computer system, skills to browse the web, skill to download files from the Internet, skills to navigate and use library automation software and its modules such as OPAC, skills to send and receive emails, skills to copy to and from a CD-ROM and flash drive/hard discs among other necessary skills are all needed by librarians to be able to properly utilize 21st Century ICT facilities and that the competency level of librarians on the use of 21st Century ICT facilities in federal university libraries in Southern Nigeria is high. Recommendations made based on the findings of the study include: The government should increase budgetary allocations to academic libraries across Nigeria so that university library administrators can purchase and maintain ICT facilities that will be useful in providing ICT related services to library users, as this will allow for effective information service delivery in the 21st Century among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twenty-first century, the effects of sea-level rise (SLR) and more intense tropical cyclones (TCs) are increasing compound coastal inundation worldwide. To facilitate the adaptation efforts being made by coastal communities, here, we use a coastal surge-wave model together with a novel statistical approach to incorporate the six joint probability density functions (PDFs) of five landfall TC parameters and SLR values, instead of the traditional five-parameter approach, which considers the five PDFs of TCs with prescribed SLR values as boundary conditions. The five-parameter approach determines the 1% annual chance of coastal inundation by conducting numerous sets of surge-wave simulations, each for a different SLR scenario, for the future TC ensemble. The six-parameter approach, however, uses a future TC and SLR ensemble to conduct only one set of surge-wave simulations without the subjective selection of an SLR scenario, and is much less uncertain and much more efficient. In this paper, we focus on the 1% risk of inundation in a large coastal flood plain in southwest Florida by incorporating intensifying TCs and accelerating SLR under a representative concentration pathway 8.5 climate scenario in 2100. The 1% risk of inundation determined by the six-parameter approach is comparable to that obtained from the traditional approach forced with the expected SLR value in 2100. The total inundation volume, total inundation area, average inundation height, and maximum inundation height are expected to dramatically increase by (5.7, 2.4, 2.6, and 2.5) times, respectively, compared to their 1982–2009 values. The coastal inundations caused by TCs and SLR are found to interact nonlinearly over the coastal flood plain. Near the coast, TCs account for 70%–80% of the total 1% inundation risk for 1 m of SLR and 30%–70% for 2 m of SLR. Therefore, future inundation analyses must consider TCs and their nonlinear interaction with SLR-induced inundation. These findings will inform local communities and help them to develop coastal adaptation plans.

Copyright of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies is the property of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Athenaeum: Polskie Studia Politologiczne is the property of Faculty of Political Science & Security Studies Nicolaus Copernicus University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the reproductive reception of John Keats' works in Russia during the 21st century. Based on the study of user queries in the most used, according to the Seo-auditor, search engines on the Internet – Yandex and Google – and groups devoted to the author in the most popular social networks – VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, and Facebook, it has been concluded that due to the lack of promotion of the English poet-romanticist in Russia, J. Keats has a low popularity among ordinary readers. Compared to the popularity of A.S. Pushkin, G.G. Byron, and W. Shakespeare in the Russian Internet, the popularity of J. Keats can be estimated as very low. Translations and publications of sonnets, odes, and creations of other genres, especially epic poems, by J. Keats in the Russian language caused a surge of research interest to the author, his creativity, his literary method, biography, and artistic ideas. The analysis of dissertations and articles on J. Keats written during the last decades has revealed a shift of interest of researchers from the genre features of his works towards the aesthetic concept of authorship, which distinguished J. Keats from other English romantic poets of the 19th century and influenced many followers of J. Keats, such as W. Morris and O. Wilde.

The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) mass balance is examined with an Earth system/ice sheet model that interactively couples the GrIS to the broader Earth system. The simulation runs from 1850 to 2100, with historical and SSP5‐8.5 forcing. By the mid‐21st century, the cumulative GrIS contribution to global mean sea level rise (SLR) is 23 mm. During the second half of the 21st century, the surface mass balance becomes negative in all drainage basins, with an additional SLR contribution of 86 mm. The annual mean GrIS mass loss in the last two decades is 2.7‐mm sea level equivalent (SLE) year−1. The increased SLR contribution from the surface mass balance (3.1 mm SLE year−1) is partly offset by reduced ice discharge from thinning and retreat of outlet glaciers. The southern GrIS drainage basins contribute 73% of the mass loss in mid‐century but 55% by 2100, as surface runoff increases in the northern basins. Plain Language Summary: The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) gains mass at the surface from snowfall, and it loses mass from melting and runoff and from glacier calving at the ocean front. When these processes are in balance, the ice sheet does not contribute to global sea level change. Recent observations have shown that the ice sheet is losing mass and raising global mean sea level. This study uses a global Earth system model that calculates ice flow of the GrIS, as well as processes in the atmosphere, ocean, land, and sea ice. For a modern reference, the model is forced with atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations for the period 1850–2014. Next, the model is forced for the rest of the 21st century following the SSP5‐8.5 scenario to study how the GrIS and the Earth system respond to a worst‐case scenario. By 2050, the GrIS loses mass that is equal to 23 mm of global mean sea level rise. During the second half of the 21st century, all regions of the GrIS lose mass because of increased surface melting and runoff, with the dry north playing a greater role. By 2100, the projected GrIS contribution to sea level rise is 109‐mm sea level equivalent. Key Points: CESM2.1‐CISM2.1 simulates a 5.4 K global mean temperature increase and strong NAMOC weakening by 2100 in SSP5‐8.5 w.r.t. preindustrialThe Greenland Ice Sheet contributes 23 mm to global mean sea level rise by 2050 and 109 mm by 2100The role of the northern basins becomes more important as surface runoff strongly increases during the second half of the 21st century [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Research / İslâmi Araştırmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkey Economical & Cultural Solidarity (TEK-DAV) Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses sub-dialects of the South-Western Kurzeme region in Latvia. The focus is on the most prominent phonetic, morphological and lexical features of these sub-dialects, and their usage in the 21st century. The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme have many characteristic features found in their phonetics and morphology. In the South-Western Kurzeme sub-dialects, there are native lexemes – words from the ancient Curonian language and also borrowed lexemes, as language contact has been an ongoing fact of life in South-Western Kurzeme. This region has been influenced by several languages – both neighbouring and more distant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher education exists today in a context of rapid globalization, which affects the systems in which future teachers will work, the governance of teachers' work, the students teachers will be teaching, as well as the policies, programs, curricula and students in teacher education itself. Several ideas recently have gained traction internationally and are shaping the working landscape of teaching and teacher education in many countries. This essay critically examines the circulation of what appear to be a small set of 'core' ideas that are influencing national and institutional policies of teacher education. I explore the emergence of new players in teacher education internationally, including individuals, corporations, and international bodies. Using policy documents, influential research studies, university program statements, and interviews, the essay provides a discursive analysis of the contradictory voices in what is becoming a global conversation of teacher education. In many ways, these ideas marginalize the voices of teachers and teacher educators. They tend to narrow the definitions of education and teaching. As a counterpoint to these widely circulating arguments, I explore how reciprocal teacher education exchange programs in China and the US create opportunities for alternative constructions of visions of teaching and teacher learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development in information technology and the need to acquire 21st century skills, global trends in higher education are shifting towards using digital pedagogies. In light of this, Koehler and Mishra (2009) developed the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework to integrate technology with teaching. The framework has now been explored and implemented in various educational institutions. This study aims to collect academics' perspectives on various technologies and pedagogies used at the institute through the lens of the TPACK framework. A mixed-methods study, using a survey-based questionnaire, was undertaken to collect academics' perspectives. The study revealed a wide range of technologies and pedagogies being used to enhance 21st century competencies and skills. The TPACK framework provides a useful tool to gauge the learning environment and displays a complex interaction between technology, pedagogy and content knowledge specific to the learning environment. The results highlight the need to use technology for innovation and to renovate contemporary teaching practices for 21st century learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to present the current situation in the field of Turkic Studies as of the beginning of the 21st century at the Turkic and Altaic Studies Department at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. This presentation has been achieved due to the methods of analysis and assessment of the academically approved monographic production of Bulgarian specialists in Turkish Language and Culture, being an objective mark for the advancement in Bulgarian philological science. The publications with monographic value outline the contemporary state of theoretical and applied philological studies, as each monography can be seen as philological evidence which has fixed a definite stage and aspect in the development of Turkic and Altaic Studies at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern era of scientific global‐mean sea level rise (SLR) projections began in the early 1980s. In subsequent decades, understanding of driving processes has improved, and new methodologies have been developed. Nonetheless, despite more than 70 studies, future SLR remains deeply uncertain. To facilitate understanding of the historical development of SLR projections and contextualize current projections, we have compiled a comprehensive database of 21st century global SLR projections. Although central estimates of 21st century global‐mean SLR have been relatively consistent, the range of projected SLR has varied greatly over time. Among studies providing multiple estimates, the range of upper projections shrank from 1.3–1.8 m during the 1980s to 0.6–0.9 m in 2007, before expanding again to 0.5–2.5 m since 2013. Upper projections of SLR from individual studies are generally higher than upper projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, potentially due to differing percentile bounds or a predisposition of consensus‐based approaches toward relatively conservative outcomes. Plain Language Summary: In spite of more than 35 years of research, and over 70 individual studies, the upper bound of future global‐mean sea level rise (SLR) remains deeply uncertain. In an effort to improve understanding of the history of the science behind projected SLR, we present and analyze the first comprehensive database of 21st century global‐mean SLR projections. Results show a reduction in the range of SLR projections from the first studies through the mid‐2000s that has since reversed. In addition, results from this work indicate a tendency for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports to err on the side of least drama—a conservative bias that could potentially impede risk management. Key Points: We present the first comprehensive database of 21st century global sea level rise projectionsUpper estimates of sea level rise in 2100 are often higher than upper bounds found in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reportsA comparison of recent global sea level rise projections reveals far greater agreement among studies in 2050 compared to 2100 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to present the current situation in the field of Turkic Studies as of the beginning of the 21st century at the Turkic and Altaic Studies Department at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. This presentation has been achieved due to the methods of analysis and assessment of the academically approved monographic production of Bulgarian specialists in Turkish Language and Culture, being an objective mark for the advancement in Bulgarian philological science. The publications with monographic value outline the contemporary state of theoretical and applied philological studies, as each monography can be seen as philological evidence which has fixed a definite stage and aspect in the development of Turkic and Altaic Studies at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina cuenta con un amplio corpus de historietas de ciencia ficción con un fuerte contenido ideológico. En este trabajo analizaré dos historietas recientes de esa tradi­ción: La burbuja de Bertold (2005) y Planeta Extra (2009) de Diego Agrimbau (1975) y Gabriel Ippóliti (1964). Son historietas notables por sus refinados universos narrativos y visuales, construidos en espacios distópicos que se reconocen como una Argentina futura, donde las instituciones han colapsado y donde la tecnología es incapaz de proveer un remedo de civilidad. Son historietas marcadas por un enorme pesimismo y cuyas lecturas ideológicas reponen la experiencia de la anomia política. Abstract Argentina has a large corpus of science fiction comics with a strong ideological content. In this paper, I discuss two recent comics within this tradition: La burbuja de Bertold (2005) and Planeta Extra (2009) by Diego Agrimbau (1975) and Gabriel Ippóliti (1964). These comics are remarkable for their refined narrative and visual universes, built as dystopian spaces, which can be recognized as a future Argentina, where institutions have collapsed and where technology is unable to provide a semblance of civility. This comics are marked by a huge pessimism and their ideological readings provide a reading of the experience of political anomie.

This paper is an introductory study of the works by the Viennese-born composer Pia Palme, who characterised the community of Austrian female artists as a productive and particularly innovative one. Palme herself is part of this productive and lively scene, but her role in it is twofold, for she is well known not only as a performer and composer but also for her cultural, political, and feminist engagement. From 2007 to 2013, together with the vocalist Gina Mattiello, she organised e_may, a festival dedicated to commissioning and performing pieces by contemporary women composers. Both e_may’s international programme and Palme’s œuvre show that Pia Palme is an internationally oriented artist. Born and living in Vienna, she has been collaborating with artists from all over the world since the beginning of her artistic career. Without a doubt, the exploration of Pia Palme’s works and their specific position in the Austrian music scene relates to gender and women’s studies, as well as to Austrian music studies. Writing a portrayal of Pia Palme means exploring a specific female contribution to contemporary Austrian music. However, at the same time her œuvre raises questions about the terms “female” and “Austrian” themselves: How can these categories be understood? This article’s objective is therefore to illuminate, with the help of Pia Palme’s œuvre, what the label “woman composer” and “Austrian music” might mean in this specific context.

Este texto examina el proceso económico y político que hace posible la globalización económica desde abajo. Para poder vender en los circuitos de la llamada economía informal internacionalizada en las calles de los centros de las grandes ciudades, ya sean productos legales, de contrabando o de la piratería, los vendedores ambulantes recurren a formas de organización económica y política. Desde una perspectiva política, el texto explora cómo los vendedores ambulantes han recurrido a diversas organizaciones ligadas de manera formal e informal al sistema político y a los partidos de manera corporativa y clientelista para poder defender y negociar sus intereses frente a las autoridades y a los comerciantes establecidos. Desde una perspectiva económica se muestra cómo ellos también han desarrollado formas de organización sui generis para hacer llegar los productos desde China hasta el centro histórico de la Ciudad de México. Abstract This article examines the economic and political processes that enable “economic globalization from below”. In the so-called “internationalized informal economy”, street vendors resort to forms of economic and political organization in order to sell legal, smuggled or “pirated” products on the streets of the centers of large cities. From a political perspective, this paper explores how street vendors collectively resort to various organizations linked formally or informally through corporatist or clientelist relations with the political system and political parties in order to negotiate their interests with the authorities and established merchants. From an economic perspective, it discusses how they have developed sui generis organizations in order to bring products from China to the historic center of Mexico City.

En este trabajo se hace un análisis de los diferentes tipos de violencia que se generan en la crisis de una ciudad que fue abatida por las bandas del narcotráfico en la frontera de México con Estados Unidos. Hay efecto combinado de guerra entre cárteles por el control de la plaza, que se mezcla con la mala estrategia de enfrentamiento y la penetración de los cuerpos policíacos, lo que da como resultado una amplia destrucción de personas, familias y espacios. Las violencias se construyen porque hay causas estructurales, como el modelo de ciudad, porque hay una deficiente presencia del Estado y por una estrategia de guerra entre cárteles. Todo esto produce la crisis de violencia que se vive en Ciudad Juárez. Abstract This paper provides an analysis of the different types of violence that are generated in the crisis of a city that was shot down by drug gangs in Mexico’s border with the United States. The combined effects of the war between cartels for control of the square, mixed with the bad strategy of confrontation and the penetration of the police forces give as a result extensive destruction of individuals, families and spaces. Violence is built because there are structural causes such as the city’s model, because there is a weak State presence and war strategy between cartels. All this results in the violence crisis that exists in Ciudad Juarez.

We project populations to 2100 for the world’s larger cities. Three socioeconomic scenarios with various levels of sustainability and global cooperation are evaluated, and individual “best fit” projections made for each city using global urbanization forecasts. In 2010, 757 million people resided in the 101 largest cities – 11 per cent of the world’s population. By the end of the century, world population is projected to range from 6.9 billion to 13.1 billion, with 15 per cent to 23 per cent of people residing in the 101 largest cities (1.6 billion to 2.3 billion). The disparate effects of socioeconomic pathways on regional distribution of the world’s 101 largest cities in the 21st century are examined by changes in population rank for 2010, 2025, 2050, 2075 and 2100. Socioeconomic pathways are assessed based on their influence on the world’s largest cities. Two aspects of the projections raise concerns about reliability: the unlikely degree of growth of cities suggested for Africa and the growth of cities in coastal settings (and likely global immigration). Trends and the effect of sustainable development on regional distribution of large cities throughout the 21st century are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The gender roles of masculinity and femininity are considered not only to be descriptive of behaviour, but also to prescribe how men and women should behave. To assess the prescriptive nature of gender roles, previous research asked participants to assign masculine (agentic) and feminine (communal) traits to men and women of differing occupational roles. The current study, conducted in Australia, sought to establish whether previous results still apply to contemporary prescriptions of masculine and feminine traits of men and women in different occupational roles (specifically, employee and homemaker roles). Participants (N = 327) completed an online questionnaire, where masculine and feminine traits (as identified by the Bem Sex Role Inventory short-form) were ascribed to men and women of different occupational roles (that is, employee and homemaker). Compared to previous results, those of this current differ in fundamental ways that we posit reflect the social changes of women. Results are discussed in relation to both previous research and in response to social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of outstanding transport innovations maylead to monumental reconstruction in large urbanised regionssuch as North America. The decisive factor in this is the introductionofTransrapid, a new rapid transport technology basedon the principle of magnetic levitation (Maglev).This paper uses the urban network of North America Eastof the 1 O(Jh meridian, together with the smaller region of California,to demonstrate the advantages of innovative transporttechnology as the optimal link between road and air transport.Despite requiring less energy input, achieving better adaptationto the topography of the country, causing less noise and beingsubject to less wear and tear, Transrapid achieves almost twicethe speed of conventional trains.

Technology no doubt is the engine that drives the modern world, both for destruction and good; and one of the wonders of modern technology is the computer and the allied internet. Modern communication network now relies on the internet using the computer and mobile telephones. In fact, there is no place to hide with the internet and the handy smart phones with which calls are made and pictures and videos recorded and transmitted across boundaries and continents. The advancements in the computer and internet systems in the last decade of the 20th century produced radical changes in both internet connectivity and features available to users through which people are linked across the globe. The three most basic of these internet features that have radically shaped modern communication are, Facebook, Twitters, and the U-Tube, among others. The three are the most popular and core elements of the social media compartment of our modern internet system. Computer technology has broken the boundaries of closed societies and systems, making actions and activities in such systems open and available to the wider world. Through the internet and its core elements, repressive regimes have been exposed and activities going on in liberal societies are shared. Interestingly, Africa became the starting point for the agitation for political change, which was bolstered by the social media. The so-called “Arab Spring”, which first started in Africa through expositions of social media, saw the dismantling of three despotic and ruthless regimes in Arab North Africa, thus giving vent to agitations for an end to dictatorship and illiberality in other Arab states. The paper will examine the role of the social media in political transformation and change of dictatorial regimes in Africa and the consequences such would have on the overall political template of Africa.

Technology no doubt is the engine that drives the modern world, both for destruction and good; and one of the wonders of modern technology is the computer and the allied internet. Modern communication network now relies on the internet using the computer and mobile telephones. In fact, there is no place to hide with the internet and the handy smart phones with which calls are made and pictures and videos recorded and transmitted across boundaries and continents. The advancements in the computer and internet systems in the last decade of the 20th century produced radical changes in both internet connectivity and features available to users through which people are linked across the globe. The three most basic of these internet features that have radically shaped modern communication are, Facebook, Twitters, and the U-Tube, among others. The three are the most popular and core elements of the social media compartment of our modern internet system. Computer technology has broken the boundaries of closed societies and systems, making actions and activities in such systems open and available to the wider world. Through the internet and its core elements, repressive regimes have been exposed and activities going on in liberal societies are shared. Interestingly, Africa became the starting point for the agitation for political change, which was bolstered by the social media. The so-called “Arab Spring”, which first started in Africa through expositions of social media, saw the dismantling of three despotic and ruthless regimes in Arab North Africa, thus giving vent to agitations for an end to dictatorship and illiberality in other Arab states. The paper will examine the role of the social media in political transformation and change of dictatorial regimes in Africa and the consequences such would have on the overall political template of Africa.

Purpose: We have studied in the present research the semantic relationship between publication date and literature templates in European books for children and adolescents translated into Persian in the first decade of 21st century and have identified literature templates in the mentioned books which have been published during 9 years, i.e. from beginning of 2000 to end of 2008. Methodology: Content analysis was used in this study by which it was tried to examine each of the stories in an accurate way and determine its literature template through systematic analysis of literature templates for the books. The population under study was chosen by ordered sampling. The necessary information for each book was written down in a checklist and the research hypothesis was tested using Chi-square test. Findings: It was indicated that among the mentioned 318 translated story books, 59 of them (28%) were written by women; 170 of them (53.5%) were written by men; and 89 of them (28%) had no obvious author. Considering the four standard literature templates, it was shown that 89 of them (28%) were fable, 81 of them (25.4%) were fiction, 106 of them (33.4%) were fantasy, and 42 of them (13.2%) were folklore. English-speaking authors had the highest contribution with 105 books (31.9%). Furthermore, the results indicated that the hypothesis of “existence of a significant relationship between abundance of literature template and publication date” is rejected since p value was calculated to be 23.135 > 0.05 based upon Chi-square test. It was concluded that there is no significant relationship between literature templates and publication date for the translated books. Originality/Value: This paper has identified the scope of literature templates for European books of children and adolescents translated into Persian, and it is a new approach which studies the status of books in this field regarding the typology of literature templates and investigates the semantic relationship between literature templates and publication date of these books.