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Jacobite Studies have flourished in recent years in a large part owing to the digitization of manuscript collections. This study examines the impact of the decisions of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century antiquarian collectors on the development of Jacobite Studies through an exploration of the transmission, history, and impact of Robert Forbes's recently digitized "Lyon in Mourning." In this, the work charts the passage of the "Lyon in Mourning" from Forbes's death in 1775 to various antiquarian collectors and on to the National Library of Scotland. In doing so, this study demonstrates the limitations and enduring repercussions of the early fixation with Forbes's papers deemed to be of Jacobite interest, and highlights the value of Forbes's wider writings for the modern studies of Jacobitism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the stability of photographer Robert Adamson's salted paper prints in Scotland. Adoption of hypo-fixation; Use of photogenic drawing paper; Caveat concerning the nomenclature used for historical photographic processes.

During the half century, which preceded the outbreak of the First World War, the paper industry was one of the most rapidly growing industries in Great Britain. After the repeal of the excise duty on paper in 1861, the annual output of the industry cannot he determined directly, but the growing dependence of paper manufacturers on imported raw materials permits the calculation of reasonably satisfactory estimates of production. These estimates suggest that output increased approximately eleven fold between 1860 and 1914 and although the rate of growth was slower by the 1890s the average annual increase in a decade never fell below four percent. A list of general reasons for the expansion of the British paper industry between 1860 and 1914 may he readily assembled. On the one hands costs were reduced by the introduction of esparto grass in the 1860s and wood pulp in the 1880s to supplement or replace the traditional and more expensive basic raw materials, pulped linen and cotton rags. At the same time chemicals used to treat the raw material tell appreciably in price, whilst the increasing size of plants-not least wider and faster paper-making machines-produced significant economies of scale. The article focuses on Alexander Pine & Sons, one of the leading paper manufacturers in Scotland and discusses the growth of paper industry in the nineteenth century.

This essay describes the Scottish Court of Session Digital Archive Project (SCOS), a multi-institutional collaborative research initiative into Early America and the British Atlantic world. Developed by the digital scholarship team at the University of Virginia Law Library, in partnership with colleagues at the University of Edinburgh, SCOS explores everyday life in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries through Session Papers, the printed documents submitted to Scotland's supreme civil court during litigation. The project provides scholars, genealogists, and the public with openaccess digital copies of Session Papers held by the UVA Law Library, the Library of Congress, and other institutional partners. By digitizing these documents, contextualizing them with comprehensive metadata, and providing users with interpretative entry points, SCOS is designed to foster new research on this formative period of Scottish, British, and American history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sets out the legislative background to the recycling of waste materials in the United Kingdom. Benefits from recycling; The provision of recycling credits under the 1990 Environmental Protection Act; The draft Economic Community (EC) Packaging Waste Directive; The German DSD scheme; The setting forth of the elements of a cost-benefit analysis of waste paper recycling; Application of that analysis to a recycling scheme in central Scotland; Conclusions.

Objective: The ENT Scotland society (formerly known as the Scottish Otolaryngological Society) has two meetings a year and accepts oral presentations from trainees. This study aimed to identify publication rates from these meetings. Methods: Abstracts of the presentations are published in The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. A structured search on PubMed and Google Scholar was undertaken to identify which presentations from the 2005 to 2014 meetings have been published. Results: Of the 145 abstracts found, 60.7 per cent were presenting clinical research and 44.1 per cent were related to the head and neck subspecialty. Seventy-three abstracts (50.3 per cent) were associated with publication as a peer-reviewed article; otology papers were more likely to be published than those focusing on other subspecialties (64.3 per cent, p = 0.036). No correlation was found between publication and other factors. Conclusion: Presentations at the ENT Scotland meetings undergo unbiased peer review and are as likely to be published as those of other conferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses pathways to successful partnership working between a significant private archive of a major Scottish landed estate and family, its local community, the wider academic context, and public and charitable agencies. The archives of the Argyll estates and family are housed at their seat, Inveraray Castle, and represent one of the most important private collections in Scotland, encompassing political, social, cultural and economic content over a large geographical area and a long chronology. As such it has obvious academic attractions, which this article explores, but it is also a vital local resource for communities who used to or currently reside on the Argyll estates, as well as genealogists, and family historians. This article uses the Argyll Papers as a case study to explore the ways in which estate archives can animate and illuminate community and heritage priorities in remote and rural areas of great socio-economic fragility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This briefing paper discusses how to include historical perspectives to assess the potential success for current and future menstruation legislation. The case of Scotland provides an instructive example of law-making about free period products and period poverty. While commercial products are perceived as a solution, historical research suggests that cultural attitudes, lingering stigma, and regional differences affect opportunities for passing laws. To predict the likelihood that proposed menstrual product legislation might be adopted in other locations, historical factors related to attitudes about menstruation, including stigma, must be considered and understood to effect lasting change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the author focuses on the growing popularity of the lists of the greatest, essential or best-loved Scottish books in past years. The author mentions that "The Herald," for one, has asked its readers to nominate their 100 best Scottish novels. The "Scotsman," on the other hand, published in 2005 a list of "20 Scottish Books Everyone Should Read." Also referenced is Rosemary Goring's introduction to "Scotland Bookshelf" to show the tensions inherent in such list-making effort.

Attitudes to sign languages or language policies are often not overtly discussed or recorded but they influence deaf young people's educational opportunities and outcomes. Two qualitative studies from Scotland investigate the provision of British Sign Language as accommodation in public examinations. The first explores the views of deaf pupils and staff about the official system for face‐to‐face interpretation of exam papers. The second investigates a centrally translated digital paper with embedded video questions. Discussion focuses on contrasts between the USA and UK approaches to accommodations, raising issues of standardized technical terms in signed languages, the right to respond in sign, and candidate choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Review of Scottish Studies (IRSS) is a leading interdisciplinary journal that focuses on Scottish history and culture. It aims to provide a platform for scholars at all career levels to explore Scotland's past and present. The journal seeks to expand the global reach of Scottish scholarship and connect innovative research from various disciplines to a scholarly audience and the public. The current call for papers is for a special issue on the significance of the ocean in Scotland's culture and history. Submissions are welcome from all humanities and social science disciplines and should be sent to the IRSS Editor by December 16, 2024. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study which investigated the flora of paper-mill lime waste dumps near Glasgow, Scotland. The topography and description of the lime dumps on which the current work is being conducted is presented. The constituents of the lime dumps come from the accumulation of all the refuse from the paper mills for a period of 6 to 7 years and contains mud and a large variety of substances, such as old beltings and boots. A chart is presented which shows an analysis of the substances found in the area.

This paper challenges the simplified binary division of suppliers of goods and services into market or state categories and identifies the continued relevance of household, community, and third-sector provision in rural areas. We explain the emergence, survival, and development of place-based and collaborative action using a three-fold typology, reflecting differences in the motivations and rationales for providing goods and services in these ways. In a place-based context, some communities have acted collectively using collaborative agency. Many observers of rural community development have suggested that place-based communitarian action may be unable to break free from class-based controls, but this is contested by some compelling examples. Where supported by effective public policy, place-based communitarianism can offer an alternative mode of provision for a wide range of services. Using Scotland as an example, this paper explores the dynamics of interactions between community and policy actors in land acquisition and management, renewable energy, and social care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the interconnections and relative importance of seven determinants implicit in the development of sustainable tourism indicators. These determinants provide a framework for understanding the process of indicator selection for sustainable tourism. This research has suggested that some of the implicit determinants may be interconnected and some may be more important than others. The paper reports findings from twelve stakeholder groups in two Scottish National Parks which are engaged in developing sustainable tourism indicators. It is important for park authorities to be aware of the different views of stakeholder groups on the issues surrounding indicator selection and development and this research provided an opportunity for such groups to be consulted. The paper will examine the relative importance each group placed on the implicit determinants and consider possible reasons for between-group differences. Analysis will also focus on the existence of linkages between individual implicit determinants. The paper concludes that different typologies of stakeholder groups exist, affecting both the interpretation of, and importance attributed to, the determinants and that the framework as a whole serves to be more than the sum of its parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advocates of STV claim it provides strong incentives to undertake constituency service. However, international experience indicates that candidate evaluations do not necessarily significantly influence how people complete a STV ballot. This paper analyses how voters in Scotland completed their ballot papers in the 2007 local elections, at which STV was used for the first time. Candidate evaluations mattered less than they do in Ireland, but mattered sufficiently to suggest there will be an incentive to provide constituency service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the periodical's evolving focus across centuries, indicating a quantitative shift from earlier pre-Reformation studies towards biographical accounts and an inclination toward Presbyterian history. It also highlights the society's historical emphasis, noting a waning attention to certain periods and denominations, while seeing a surge in interest in others, such as the Highland and Island regions.

Presents a case study of the human resource management approach of the Finnish-owned Caledonian Paper company at Irvine New Town in Scotland. Background of the company; Essence of the corporate culture or management style of Caledonian Paper; Provisions of the employment policy of the company; Relationship between the nature of the organization's competitive strategy and the need for workforce flexibility.

Analyzes the chemical processes in photography used by photographers John and Robert Adamson in Scotland. Salted paper prints; Calotype negatives; Photographic image and paper.

Provides a guide to supplement the guide to the Scottish papers submitted to the British cabinet during 1917 to 1945 and 1945 to 1966. Responsibilities of the Scottish secretary and his relationship with the British cabinet and its decision-making process; Sections of the guide covering papers presented to cabinet, committees on health and home affairs, economic affairs, and papers presented to the legislative committee.

Presents a guide to records held at the Public Record Office and National Archives of Scotland pertaining to Scottish papers submitted to the Cabinet from 1945-1966. Aim of the guide; Economic matters covered by the papers; General classification of Cabinet papers and memoranda.

The article focuses on a study in Scotland, United Kingdom of prioritizing protection of children from secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) in a private space where smoke-free public places are enforced. It discusses the difficulty of political acceptability in enforcing the issue and the intervention over parental autonomy to smoke in their own home. The article also reports on the findings based on the study used called Reducing Families' Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (REFRESH) project.

In this article the author discusses aspects of ballots and voting practices in elections held in Scotland. At issue is a form of proportional representation called the mixed-member or additional member system, which requires the use of two separate paper ballots. In answer to protests that this system led to confusion and resulted in a higher number of spoiled and invalid ballots, a government board of inquiry was convened. The author endorses the finding of the commission which recommended changing the name of the voting system.

In this paper, the author introduces the work of one of France's most important architects of the Renaissance period and suggests briefly how many of his published designs - in particular his sketches for country houses - could have been familiar to Scottish architects and builders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the collections of the Scottish Architects' Papers Preservation Project. Buchanan Campbell; Carr and Matthew; J. and J.A. Carrick; Dick Peddie and McKay.

Focuses on the preservation and conservation of architects' papers in Scotland. Cataloguing of materials; Use and promotion of archive collections; Architectural heritage.

STV is often extolled because it allows voters to express a nuanced choice, but is criticised for being too confusing. In practice the system is little used, but evidence from where it is indicates much depends on how voters choose to use it. STV was used for the first time in Scottish local elections in 2007, providing valuable new evidence on how voters respond to the system. We use survey data to examine the incidence of various indicators of apparent failure by Scottish voters to exploit STV, and compare both the levels and patterns of incidence with equivalent data for Ireland. We find little sign of confusion in either country, but significant evidence of ballot order effects in Scotland. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Presents a guide to papers submitted to the Cabinet by Scottish ministers and departments between 1917 and 1945, and held at the Public Record Office and National Archives of Scotland. Cabinet Memoranda, 1917-39; Papers submitted to the Home Affairs Committee between 1926 and 1939; Papers submitted to the Ad Hoc Committees between 1919 and 1939; War Cabinet Memoranda, 1939-1945.

Purpose - Many learners with disabilities and special educational needs have difficulty reading or accessing traditional paper examinations at school. The most common method of accommodating these candidates, in Scotland, is the use of reader and scribe. This paper aims to define a specification for digital examination papers for candidates with disabilities, identify a suitable electronic format, and report on trials of these digital assessments. Design/methodology/approach - The support needs of candidates with disabilities were investigated through interviews with teaching staff and students, analysis of the type of requests made for accommodations, and the reasons for the requests. Findings from this exercise, together with consideration of the requirements of the examination context, were used to construct a specification for digital examination papers. Pilot trials using digital papers were then undertaken. Findings - Adobe portable document format (PDF) was judged to match the specification most closely Successful pilot trials in 2005, 2006 and 2007 led to the introduction of digital papers by the Scottish Qualifications Authority in 2008. Research limitations/implications - There is some evidence that digital papers provide a more independent and less costly alternative to reader/scribes; this requires further research. Practical implications - Between 2008 and 2011, the number of requests for digital papers increased fivefold, indicating that digital question papers in PDF offer a practical and cost effective method of accommodation in examinations. Originality/value - This research is of interest to examination boards, assessment designers, educators and learners. It demonstrates that candidates with disabilities can successfully access assessments in digital format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Universal health visiting has been a cornerstone of preventative healthcare for children in the United Kingdom (UK) for over 100 years. In 2016, Scotland introduced a new Universal Health Visiting Pathway (UHVP), involving a greater number of contacts with a particular emphasis on the first year, visits within the home setting, and rigorous developmental assessment conducted by a qualified Health Visitor. To evaluate the UHVP, an outcome indicator framework was developed using routine administrative data. This paper sets out the development of these indicators. Methods: A logic model was produced with stakeholders to define the group of outcomes, before further refining and aligning of the measures through discussions with stakeholders and inspection of data. Power calculations were carried out and initial data described for the chosen indicators. Results: Eighteen indicators were selected across eight outcome areas: parental smoking, breastfeeding, immunisations, dental health, developmental concerns, obesity, accidents and injuries, and child protection interventions. Data quality was mixed. Coverage of reviews was high; over 90% of children received key reviews. Individual item completion was more variable: 92.2% had breastfeeding data at 6–8 weeks, whilst 63.2% had BMI recorded at 27–30 months. Prevalence also varied greatly, from 1.3% of children's names being on the Child Protection register for over six months by age three, to 93.6% having received all immunisations by age two. Conclusions: Home visiting services play a key role in ensuring children and families have the right support to enable the best start in life. As these programmes evolve, it is crucial to understand whether changes lead to improvements in child outcomes. This paper describes a set of indicators using routinely-collected data, lessening additional burden on participants, and reducing response bias which may be apparent in other forms of evaluation. Further research is needed to explore the transferability of this indicator framework to other settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against a background of rising debt levels, this article examines the range of solutions available to a debtor in financial difficulty in Scots law and the recent proposals for reform of bankruptcy law in Scotland brought forward by the Scottish Executive as part of its new approach to debt management and enforcement in Scotland and considers the extent to which they may accord an over-burdened debtor the opportunity for a fresh start. It concludes that while the emphasis on providing appropriate solutions for over-burdened debtors with a view to enabling them to make a fresh start evidenced by these proposals is to be welcomed, they may not yet have struck quite the right balance in this respect. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on developments about geological studies as of September 2003. Recovery of Fossil Nessie, a plesiosaur from the waters of Loch Ness, Scotland. Plan of the Tuvalu government to evacuate its 9,300 inhabitants because of the rise in sea levels in the Island of Tuvalu in the Pacific; Threat of the loss of peat Ireland due to the demand for peat by British gardeners.

The article provides information on Artists' Papers Register, a finding list of archival documents that is related to artists, engravers, wood-engravers and lithographers. The author reveals that in 1987, the Artists' Papers Register has begun with a pilot project at Glasgow University Library and funded by the Getty Grant Program. The Artist' Papers Register is devoted to investigate the holdings of artists' documents that are stored in west of Scotland institutions. The database of the Register can be searched by the names of artists and by several categories. Moreover, it further points out that it is planned that the said Register should be regularly updated so that there will be opportunities to extend its usefulness.

Drug checking services (DCS) enable individuals to voluntarily submit a small amount of a substance for analysis, providing information about the content of the substance along with tailored harm reduction support and advice. There is some evidence suggesting that DCS may lead to behaviour and system change, with impacts for people who use drugs, staff and services, and public health structures. The evidence base is still relatively nascent, however, and several evidence gaps persist. This paper reports on qualitative interviews with forty-three participants across three Scottish cities where the implementation of community-based DCS is being planned. Participants were drawn from three groups: professional participants; people with experience of drug use; and affected family members. Findings focus on perceived harm reduction impacts of DCS delivery in Scotland, with participants highlighting the potential for drug checking to impact a number of key groups including: individual service users; harm reduction services and staff; drug market monitoring structures and networks; and wider groups of people who use and sell drugs, in shaping their interactions with the drug market. Whilst continued evaluation of individual health behaviour outcomes is crucial to building the evidence base for DCS, the findings highlight the importance of extending evaluation beyond these outcomes. This would include evaluation of processes such as: information sharing across a range of parties; engagement with harm reduction and treatment services; knowledge building; and increased drug literacy. These broader dynamics may be particularly important for evaluations of community-based DCS serving individuals at higher-risk, given the complex relationship between information provision and health behaviour change which may be mediated by mental and physical health, stigma, criminalisation and the risk environment. This paper is of international relevance and adds to existing literature on the potential impact of DCS on individuals, organisations, and public health structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Devolution to Scotland and Wales was a central pillar of the legislative agenda of the Labour government elected in 1997, yet despite the constitutional significance of this programme it was undertaken without particular enthusiasm by the then prime minister, Tony Blair. Nowhere was this blend of significant change, yet pervasive lack of passion (or interest) more apparent than devolution to Wales. Drawing upon recently released archival documents, this article will explore the New Labour government's approach to devolution in Wales. These papers provide fresh evidence of the second order nature, and treatment, of Welsh devolution compared to the attention provided to Scottish devolution, as well as of the narcissism of small details which pervaded Whitehall's discussions of Welsh devolution (with considerable energy, for example, dedicated to questions about the titles which leading figures in the Assembly would be given). These papers also bear testament to the struggles which Ron Davies, the then secretary of state for Wales, faced in securing even a minor scheme of devolution and the tensions he experienced with the centre of government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017 the Scottish Government passed the Child Poverty (Scotland) Act with the commitment to significantly reduce the relative child poverty rate from the current prevailing level of around 25% to 10% by 2030/31. In response, the government introduced the Scottish Child Payment (SCP) that provides a direct transfer to households at a fixed rate per eligible child – currently £25 per week. In this paper we explore, using a micro to macro modelling approach, the effectiveness of using the SCP to achieve the Scottish child poverty targets. While we find that the ambitious child poverty targets can technically be met solely using the SCP, the necessary payment of £165 per week amounting to a total government cost of £3 billion per year, makes the political and economy-wide barriers significant. A key issue with only using the SCP is the non-linearity in the response to the payment; as the payment increases, the marginal gain in the reduction of child poverty decreases – this is particularly evident after payments of £80 per week. A 'policy-mix' option combining the SCP, targeted cash transfers and other policy levels (such as childcare provision) seems the most promising approach to reaching the child poverty targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on the need for research papers on human resource development (HRD) for presentation at the Third Conference on HRD Research and Practice Across Europe 2002 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Guidelines for interested authors; Contact information.

Assesses the Scottish government's document on transportation policy entitled 'Travel Choices for Scotland.' Problems related to increasing car ownership; Objectives of modal integration and sustainability; Growth in the use of motor vehicles; Public transportation improvements; Importance of land-use planning to the transport system.

Measurement was vital to nineteenth-century engineering. Focusing on the work of the Stevenson engineering firm in Scotland, this paper explores the processes by which engineers made their measurements credible and explains how measurement, as both a product and a practice, informed engineering decisions and supported claims to engineering authority. By examining attempts made to quantify, measure and map dynamic river spaces, the paper analyses the relationship between engineering experience and judgement and the generation of data that engineers considered to be 'tolerably correct'. While measurement created an abstract and simplified version of the river that accommodated prediction, this abstraction had to be connected to and made meaningful in real river space despite acknowledged limitations to measuring practice. In response, engineers drew on experience gained through the measuring process to support claims to authoritative knowledge. This combination of quantification and experience was then used to support interventions in debates over the proper use and management of rivers. This paper argues that measurement in nineteenth-century engineering served a dual function, producing both data and expertise, which were both significant in underpinning engineering authority and facilitating engineers' intervention in decision making for river management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Description Within the current climate of health care pressures, services are exploring ways in which to use resources to the best of their ability to ensure service users have timely, safe, and effective care as well as having positive outcomes and good experiences of the care they receive. The current paper explores a service level agreement between the private sector and a child and family service within the HSC. Within this agreement, has been the development of a pathway through which families on a psychological service waiting list, could be triaged, and allocated to a private clinic within which, psychological care could be provided from assessment through to discharge. The subjective experiences and initial outcomes of those involved have been largely positive. The paper describes, explores, and reflects on the process of collaborative practice. Terminology HSC – Health & Social Care. In England, Scotland and Wales, the National Health Service (NHS) provides health care services while local councils provide social care services. In Northern Ireland these services are combined under what is known as Health and Social Care (HSC) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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While there is rich research on tourism destination evolution, the literature on how normative social and environmental goals (as opposed to contingent events or economic imperatives) drive the evolution of tourism towards more sustainable forms remains under-developed. As a result, the overall understanding of how sustainability in tourism is pursued on the ground and what context-specific factors shape these processes is still insufficient. To address this lacuna, the paper draws upon the sustainability transitions (ST) agenda that focuses on the ground level processes of transitions and conceptualises sustainability transitions as multi-actor, multi-dimensional, evolutionary, disruptive and contested processes. As such, the paper offers a constructive response to Niewiadomski and Brouder's (2022) call for bridging the gap between the research on tourism evolution and the sustainability transitions agenda. More specifically, the paper adopts selected concepts of evolutionary economic geography (EEG) (which have long proved helpful in research on both tourism evolution and sustainability transitions) to address how sustainability in tourism is mindfully pursued in the Outer Hebrides (Scotland, UK) and what geographical and historical factors shape this transition. The analysis draws from 17 semi-structured interviews (conducted in 2020-2021 with tourism businesses and various organisations involved in tourism in the Outer Hebrides) and documentary analysis. Two main groups of place- and path-dependent factors that shape the ongoing transition to sustainable tourism in the Outer Hebrides are identified: 1) institutional and social fragmentation, and 2) infrastructural deficiencies and challenges. The paper finds that the transition to sustainability in tourism in the Outer Hebrides is fragmented and intermittent. Although numerous promising changes are taking place, the transition suffers from a lack of systemic and systematic governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the periodical's evolution, from personnel changes to structural adaptations, including shifting from monthly papers to bi-annual conferences. It explores the challenges and successes faced, focusing on the impact of these changes and the society's adaptation to modern demands.

While there is increasing recognition that sport is sociomaterial, little is known about what this means for an analysis of coaching practice. This paper develops a cartography of coaching based on an actor–network theory ethnography of two volunteer football coaches' practices in Scotland. A sociomaterial analysis generates anecdotes that are reordered into five parts: (a) moving from the eleven-a-side game toward a field of practice, (b) delegation, (c) quasi-object, (d) interruptions, and (e) manufacturing. Each part is accompanied with an analytical move inspired by Latourian actor–network theory. Coaching is conceptualized as a field of practice resting on three propositions. The first proposition is that coaches intervene by fabricating passages in practices which are always under construction. The second proposition is that materials and materiality shape practices in ways which can make players more, or less, disciplined. And the third proposition is for a local and situated sociomaterial competence where nonhumans are matters of concern. Coaching with Latour paves the way for a new space in the sociology of sport for studies dedicated to the sociomateriality of sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Crown Office is central to the Scottish criminal justice system there has been little modern study of the history of the department and no attempt to locate it within the Scottish constitutional arrangements. Consideration is given here to the evolution of the administrative headquarters of the public prosecution system from the mid-Victorian era when great cohesion was brought to the system through to the statutory intervention of 1927 that consolidated the independent position of the local public prosecutor albeit subject to Crown Office direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing concern among policymakers and researchers about the negative health and climate impacts of meat consumption. Consumers are encouraged to re-evaluate their dietary choices to preserve our ecosystem and reduce the burden of diet-related diseases. However, limited information is available about how price changes in animal protein sources affect plant-based protein demand and the consequences for nutrient intake and/or diet quality. The goal of the present paper is to fill this gap by explaining how consumers react to price changes in animal protein types and to present the implications for nutrition or diet quality. This paper applied the exact affine stone index implicit (EASI) Marshallian demand system to 2021 home scan panel data collated by the Kantar Worldpanel to estimate both price and expenditure elasticities. Twelve food groups of seven animal-based protein products and five plant-based protein products were considered. The results revealed that dairy and eggs are daily necessities for the people of Scotland. The demand for fish and non-dairy milk are the most sensitive to price. Estimates based on expenditure elasticities show that beef is considered a luxury and a highly substitutable product in the Scottish diet. Peas are relatively basic, essential foodstuffs. In general, increasing the price of animal protein sources will shift demand towards plant protein. On the positive side, there will be a significant reduction in cholesterol and fat purchases. However, there would also be a significant reduction in the total amount of protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats, such as unsaturated fatty acids, purchased by the average household. This shows that increases in plant-based protein are not enough to compensate for the reductions in essential macro- and micronutrient purchases from animal protein. From the climate perspective, reductions in meat purchases could reduce emissions from production and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acoustic telemetry can provide valuable space-use data for a range of marine species. Yet the deployment of species-specific arrays over vast areas to gather data on highly migratory vertebrates poses formidable challenges, often rendering it impractical. To address this issue, we pioneered the use of acoustic telemetry on basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus) to test the feasibility of using broadscale, multi-project acoustic receiver arrays to track the movements of this species of high conservation concern through the coastal waters of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. Throughout 2021 and 2022, we tagged 35 basking sharks with acoustic transmitters off the west coast of Ireland; 27 of these were detected by 96 receiver stations throughout the study area (n = 9 arrays) with up to 216 detections of an individual shark (mean = 84, s.d. 65). On average, sharks spent ~ 1 day at each acoustic array, with discrete residency periods of up to nine days. Twenty-one sharks were detected at multiple arrays with evidence of inter-annual site fidelity, with the same individuals returning to the same locations in Ireland and Scotland over 2 years. Eight pairs of sharks were detected within 24 h of each other at consecutive arrays, suggesting some level of social coordination and synchronised movement. These findings demonstrate how multi-project acoustic telemetry can support international, cost-effective monitoring of basking sharks and other highly mobile species. Decision support tools such as these can consolidate cross-border management strategies, but to achieve this goal, collaborative efforts across jurisdictions are necessary to establish the required infrastructure and secure ongoing support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deaths due to drug overdose are an international issue, causing an estimated 128,000 global deaths in 2019. Scotland has the highest rate of drug-related deaths in Europe, with those in the most deprived areas at greater risk than those in affluent areas. There is a paucity of research on digital solutions, particularly from the perspective of those who use drugs who additionally access harm reduction and homelessness support services. The Digital Lifelines Scotland programme (DLS) provides vulnerable people who use/d drugs with digital devices to connect with services. Methods: This paper reports on the evaluation of the DLS from the perspective of service users who accessed services for those at risk of drug-related harms. A mixed methods approach was used including an online-survey (n = 19) and semi-structured interviews (n = 21). Survey data were analysed descriptively and interview data through inductive coding, informed by the Technology, People, Organisations and Macroenvironmental factors (TPOM) framework, to investigate the use, access, and availability of devices, and people's experiences and perceptions of them. Results: Most participants lived in social/council housing (63.2%, n = 12), many lived alone (68.4%, n = 13). They were mainly over 40 years old and lived in a city. Participants described a desire for data privacy, knowledge, and education, and placed a nascent social and personal value on digital devices. Participants pointed to the person-centred individuality of the service provision as one of the reasons to routinely engage with services. Service users experienced an increased sense of value and there was a palpable sense of community, connection and belonging developed through the programme, including interaction with services and devices. Conclusions: This paper presents a unique perspective which documents the experiences of service users on the DLS. Participants illustrated a desire for life improvement and a collective and individual feeling of responsibility towards themselves and digital devices. Digital inclusion has the potential to provide avenues by which service users can safely and constructively access services and society to improve outcomes. This paper provides a foundation to further cultivate the insight of service users on digital solutions in this emerging area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social justice is a key value within Scottish education and is listed as one of four professional values within the General Teaching Council for Scotland's (GTCS) professional standards. This paper uses the work of Nancy Fraser to question what is meant by social justice within Scottish education. Parallels are drawn between the conception of social justice as presented within the Standard for Registration and the work of Fraser, highlighting the relevance of a professional standard that seeks to orientate professionals towards social justice rather than codify the practice in reference to a single scale on which all matters of justice should be weighed. Following this, the Getting it Right for Every Child policy (GIRFEC) is problematized to demonstrate the dangers of mis-framing. This paper ends by connecting the concept of professional orientation towards justice as indicated within the Standard for Registration to Aristotle's idea of sensibilities and phronêsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]