Search

The present paper intends to investigate if there is, and if it exists, the depth of the relationship between the consolidation of higher education in Brazil and the culture of higher education enforced nowadays. The first graduation course was inaugurated in 1808, with the foundation of the School of Surgery and Anatomy in Salvador and Rio de Janeiro, and until now, even after the proclamation of Brazilian independence, continues aiming to provide manpower skills to fulfill liberal and manpower skills for the state bureaucracy. The pragmatic disdain for areas considered futile or unnecessary in a State that aimed to reach a certain level of production and industrialization was not only present in colonial culture but also in public policies to promote courses and research between fields of study considered essential or nonessential, in the 21st century; as well as the centralization of chair decisions in the hands of the Emperor and the reserving of the rector's free choice by the head of the Executive (federal or state) are tangible remnants of an alienating national project. In order to achieve these objectives, historical studies will be analyzed on the discussions during the implementation of higher education courses in Brazil, as well as the courses authorized to operate and documents of university deliberations from the beginning of the 19th century, as well as the direction of the research funding notices launched, and public policies for access to higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public policies that make possible to democratize access to land have been a issue discussed for many decades as a way of reducing land inequality in Brazil. A lot of expectations about the democratization of access to land were created during the two Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's mandates (2003 - 2010) like brasilian president. In this sense, this paper investigate, with regard to the expropriationist agrarian reform proposal and that of land credit, if these proved to be sufficient to modify the agrarian structure in Rio de Janeiro state, in order to contribute to the democratization of access to lands in the state. To this end, it is important to understand the historical factors that influenced the process of elaborating the social function of land and land credit. Regarding the quantitative analysis of expropriations for land reform and land credit, the number of beneficiaries of the programs, hectares available and amounts executed will be observed. The results show that, for the analyzed period, it cannot be said that one proposal overlapped the other. However, the discontinuity in expropriations after 2007 may indicate a paralysis of this form of access to land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public policies that make possible to democratize access to land have been a issue discussed for many decades as a way of reducing land inequality in Brazil. A lot of expectations about the democratization of access to land were created during the two Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's mandates (2003 - 2010) like brasilian president. In this sense, this paper investigate, with regard to the expropriationist agrarian reform proposal and that of land credit, if these proved to be sufficient to modify the agrarian structure in Rio de Janeiro state, in order to contribute to the democratization of access to lands in the state. To this end, it is important to understand the historical factors that influenced the process of elaborating the social function of land and land credit. Regarding the quantitative analysis of expropriations for land reform and land credit, the number of beneficiaries of the programs, hectares available and amounts executed will be observed. The results show that, for the analyzed period, it cannot be said that one proposal overlapped the other. However, the discontinuity in expropriations after 2007 may indicate a paralysis of this form of access to land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to present the collective set of crônicas, "Balas de estalo", published by the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias, from 1883 to 1886, in Rio de Janeiro. (This presentation includes a characterization of Gazeta de Notícias and of the set of crônicas, stressing the guidelines of the collective project, and the procedures that guided the writing of its journalists. (The paper interpret Machado's participation in "Balas de estalo", taking into ac- count information brought to light by the study of "Balas de estalo" as a set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how students at the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), one of the first Brazilian universities to adopt race-based quotas for admissions, interpret racial categories used as eligibility criteria. Considering the perspectives of students is important to understand the workings of affirmative action policies because UERJ's quotas require applicants to classify themselves. Students' interpretations of those categories often diverge from the interpretations intended by people who shaped the policy. Students' perspectives are formed by everyday experiences with categorisation and by their self-assessment as legitimate beneficiaries of quotas. In contrast, the policies were designed according to a new racial project, where black consciousness-raising and statistics played an important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dramatic tropical landscape and extensive public realm of 19th-century Rio de Janeiro created the conditions for multiple spatial, political and ceremonial dialogues between the contained watery expanse of Guanabara Bay and an intricate and institutionally specialized necklace of urban waterfront squares. This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between land, sea, sovereignty and public space in Rio de Janeiro by interrogating representational material from archives in Austria, Brazil and Australia. The period 1808 to 1821 is the focus of the discussion, as it was during this period that state-sponsored rituals in these spaces reached a zenith with the domicile of the Portuguese royal family in Brazil [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]