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Background and purpose: Prion protein (PrP) predominantly localized at synapses can modulate neuronal excitability. The prion protein gene ( PRNP) has been considered one of the candidate genes that play a role in seizure susceptibility. A recent study demonstrated that the 129V allele in the PRNP gene was associated with susceptibility to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in female patients in an Italian population. We screened variations in the open-reading frame (ORF) of the PRNP gene and also replicated the association of the M129V polymorphism with TLE in a Han Chinese population. Methods: The M129V polymorphism was genotyped in 320 MTLE patients and 558 non-epilepsy controls. All subjects were Han Chinese. Results: No novel polymorphism in the ORF of the PRNP gene was detected. Differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of this polymorphism between cases and controls were insignificant ( P = 0.24). Further analysis with stratification of the results by gender or age and analysis of clinical features in relation to M129V genotypes also yielded negative findings. Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that the M129V polymorphism in the PRNP gene is not associated with MTLE in a Han Chinese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Host genetic factors and environment factors including hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are widely studied for the different outcomes of HBV infection. Recent studies suggest that tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a pivotal role in the viral clearance and host immune response to HBV, and the capacity for TNF-alpha production in individuals is influenced by a major genetic component. In this study, we aimed to explore whether the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNF-alpha promoter are associated with the outcomes of HBV infection in the Chinese Han population. One hundred and forty-three spontaneously recovered HBV subjects and 196 chronic hepatitis B patients were recruited in this case–control study in the Beijing area of China. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequence-specific primer-PCR (SSP-PCR) were used to detect the SNPs of five sites in the TNF-alpha promoter (−238G/A, −308G/A, −857C/T, −863C/A, −1031T/C). The frequency distributions of genotypes and haplotypes in two groups were analysed by EPI and EH programs. The presence of the −238GG genotype was significantly correlated with persistence of HBV infection (OR = 4.08, P = 0.02), and −857TT genotype appeared in relation to the spontaneous clearance of HBV (OR = 0.47, P = 0.03). Frequency of haplotype GGCCT (−238/−308/−857/−863/−1031) in the chronic HB group was significantly lower than that in spontaneously recovered group ( P = 0.03), and frequencies of haplotypes GGCAT and GGTAT in the chronic HB group were significantly higher than those in the spontaneously recovered group ( P = 0.0001, P = 0.0004). In conclusion, TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms are independently associated with different outcomes of HBV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HLA-C*07:477 has one nonsynonymous nucleotide change from HLA-C*07:02:01:01 in codon 176, exon 3 (AAG>GAG). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]