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A biomorphic α-MoO3 ceramic was successfully derived from paper templates. By the infiltration of a Mo-contained solution into paper templates, followed by calcinations at 500°C in air, the cellulose fibers of paper were converted into branches composing of orthorhombic α-MoO3 crystals with grain size ranging from 0.5 to 2 μm. In the final product, the initial fibrous structure of the paper templates was retained. This simple biotemplate method provides a cost-effective and ecofriendly route to obtain advanced self-assembling biomorphic ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-pumping T-shaped mixed-media paper-based fuel cells are prepared for the first time by using sodium percarbonate as the fuel, KMnO4 as the oxidant, and a proton-conducting gel as the electrolyte. Whatman filter papers serve as porous supports for the fluid (catholyte and anolyte) streams. The cell architecture with the Au/NiO (with 11 wt % Au) composite as the catalyst deposited at both electrodes delivers high current and power densities of 5.6 mA cm−2 and 2.6 mW cm−2, respectively. With this catalyst, the maximum current and power densities are enhanced by 75 and 121 %, respectively, as compared to the case without catalyst. Impedance analysis shows that ohmic and polarization resistances can be reduced significantly by use of the Au/NiO (with 11 wt % Au) composite as the catalyst. The ability of this cell to revive and restore its original performance once both the open-circuit voltage and current density have decayed clearly demonstrates the applicability of this robust, easily disposable cell for powering micro-/nanodevices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A selective classified bibliography of symbolic computation in some areas of chemistry is provided together with some examples of computer algebra algorithms and techniques to facilitate future joint work of chemists and computer scientists. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports that the study was undertaken to test whether titles of chemical papers are becoming more informative and whether uninformative titles of chemical papers are being eliminated since the advent of the KWIC index in 1958. One of the strongest objections voiced against such indexes is that titles of papers are unsatisfactory as a basis for subject index entries because titles are not composed with indexing in mind. The adequacy of titles as a source of subject content clues has been given much attention in the last decade, and many studies have been published on the subject.

The article summarizes the paper entitled "Creative Fermentation Technology for the Future." It lists down the four areas of fermentation development and future prospects mentioned and the suggested six priorities for research. A synopsis of the responses made about the study and the related topics discussed on the Internet forum is also offered.

Presents a list of forthcoming papers to be published in 1980 issues of the "European Journal of Biochemistry." Subjects; Authors.

Presents upcoming research papers on biochemistry to be published in "European Journal of Biochemistry." Discussion of the molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the acyl carrier protein; Exploration of the primary structure of human thyroglobulin; Examination of the reversible activation of hydrogenase from Escherichia coli.

In the context of the preservation of cultural heritage, the treatment of paper by an aminoalkylalkoxysilane, or its mixture with dimethyldiethoxysilane DMDES, gave encouraging results. The condensation experiments presented here, carried out in alcohol medium using aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane AMDES alone or with DMDES, were followed using 1H NMR, 29Si NMR and matrixassisted laser desorption ionization timeofflight MALDI TOF spectroscopies. The aim was to determine whether DMDES and AMDES could copolymerize under the conditions used. An exchange reaction was observed for AMDES in ethanol in the absence of water, under conditions where no exchange took place for DMDES. In methanol, this reaction proceeded much more rapidly and the reactivity of methoxysilyl groups was higher than that of ethoxysilyl groups. In the same solvent, in the presence of water, hydrolysis, cyclization and oligomerization were observed using NMR and MALDI TOF spectroscopies. In ethanol, a kinetic study of a mixture of DMDES and AMDES showed that the condensation of the two monomers proceeded at comparables rates and MALDITOF analysis gave evidence that mixed oligomers were produced, containing from one to four AMDES units. It was concluded that the cooligomerization did not lead to a mixture of homooligomers, which would be due to different hydrolysis and condensation kinetics, but induced the formation of cooligomers. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lists the research studies concerning biochemistry that will be published following December 1987. Titles of the articles; Authors of the studies; Focus of the studies.

This article presents a list of some of the forthcoming papers in biochemistry to be published in this journal. Some of the papers listed are "The Organization of the Chloroplast DNA in wheat and maize in the region containing the LS Gene," by B. Koller, H. Delius and T.A. Dyer, "Effect of Carbamination on the Buffering Power of Purified Human Hamoglobins A Solutions At Two Temperatures," by M. Castaing, E. Bursaux and C. Poyart, "The Complete Nucleotide of the Chicken Ovotransferrin mRNA," by J.M. Jeltsch and P. Chambon, "The Primary Structure of Hen Ovotransferrin," by J. Williams, T.C. Elleman, I.B. Kington, A.G. Wilkins and K.A. Kuhn.

The article provides a list of forthcoming papers to be published in "European Journal of Biochemistry." Some of the papers mentioned are: "Isolation and characterization of cDNAs from Atlantic cod encoding two different forms of trypsinogen," "Molecular analysis of chicken embryo SPARC (osteonectin),"

This article presents information regarding the forthcoming papers published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry." The papers include "Studies on the Mechanism of Action of the Histone Kinase Dependent on Adenosine 3'5' Monophosphate: Investigation of protein-protein Interaction by Electron-spin-Resonance Spectroscopy and Stopped-Flow Methods," and "A quantitative Description of Microtubule Formation in the Presence of Tubulin-Colchicine."

Tragbare elektronische Bauteile erfordern sehr leitfähige faserförmige Materialien, die nun bei Raumtemperatur hergestellt werden können. In der Zuschrift auf S. 7872 ff. stellen H. M. Lee, S. H. Ko et al. das Imprägnieren und Beschichten von Baumwoll ‐ oder Papierfasern mit Al ‐ Atomen mithilfe der Vorstufe Al{O(C4H9)2} vor. Die Materialien weisen eine ausgezeichnete elektrische Leitfähigkeit und mechanische Haltbarkeit auf, was auf den möglichen Einsatz in elektrischen Schaltungen für flexible und tragbare elektronische Bauteile hinweist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents forthcoming papers published on the February 1, 1980 issue of the "European Journal of Biochemistry." "The Interaction of Bovine Pancreatic Deoxyribonuclease I and Skeletal Muscle Actin," by H. G. Mannherz, R. S. Goody, M. Konrad and E. Nowak; "The Hexokinases From Wild-Type and Morphological Mutant Strains of Neurospora crassa," by R. Lagos and T. Ureta; "The Kinetic Mechanism of Xanthine Dehydrogenase and Related Enzymes," by M. P. Coughlan and K. V. Rajagopalan.

Lists forthcoming papers to be featured in the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Presents a list of papers scheduled to be published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry," as of August 15, 1992. Topics; Authors.

Lists the forthcoming papers to be published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Lists research papers scheduled for publication in the "European Journal of Biochemistry," in 1989. Topics; Authors; Data presented.

Lists the forthcoming papers to be published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Presents a list of forthcoming papers scheduled to be pubilshed in the "European Journal of Biochemistry," in 1988. Subjects; Authorship.

Presents a list of forthcoming papers scheduled for publication in the "European Journal of Biochemistry," in 1988. Topics; Authors; Studies and data to be presented.

Lists the forthcoming papers to be published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Presents several research papers related to biochemistry published in the September 1983 issue of the "European Journal of Biochemistry." "Intracellular Forms of Transferrin Oligosaccharide Chains in Rat Liver," by H. Nakada, H. Kohno, T. Kawasaki and Y. Tashiro; "Primary Structure of Protamine From the Northern Pike Esox lucius," by W. Speckert, B. Kennedy, St. L. Daisley and P. Davies; "ATP-AMP phosphotransferase From Paracoccus denitrificans," by S. -S. Yeh, A. G. Tomasselli and L. H. Noda.

In a recently published PNAS paper, Radicchi, Fortunato, and Castellano (2008) propose the relative indicator cf as an unbiased indicator for citation performance across disciplines (fields, subject areas). To calculate cf, the citation rate for a single paper is divided by the average number of citations for all papers in the discipline in which the single paper has been categorized. cf values are said to lead to a universality of discipline-specific citation distributions. Using a comprehensive dataset of an evaluation study on Angewandte Chemie International Edition (AC-IE), we tested the advantage of using this indicator in practical application at the micro level, as compared with (1) simple citation rates, and (2) z-scores, which have been used in psychological testing for many years for normalization of test scores. To calculate z-scores, the mean number of citations of the papers within a discipline is subtracted from the citation rate of a single paper, and the difference is then divided by the citations' standard deviation for a discipline. Our results indicate that z-scores are better suited than cf values to produce universality of discipline-specific citation distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lists articles that are scheduled for inclusion in forthcoming issues of the "European Journal of Biochemistry." "Synthesis and Characterization of Neurotensin Analogues for Structure Activity Relationship Studies," by C. Granier et al; "Enhanced Breakdown of Arylsulfate A in Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency," by A.Waheed et al; "An Extracellular polysaccharide Produced by Zoogloea ramigera," F. Ikeda et al.

Lists the coming articles that will be published in the periodical "European Journal of Biochemistry". Topics of the articles; Authors who wrote the articles; Implication of the research studies on biochemistry.

Guest Editor Claudio Pettinari describes the organization of the first School of Organometallic Chemistry, telling the story of its development to become the highly successful International School anticipating its 13th edition in 2021. Bonati had always spent his time teaching to master and PhD students the most important topics in organometallic chemistry, and he was always convinced that transferring knowledge was the first activity a researcher had to perform. The new green deal is present in three papers, one describing dye-sensitized heterogenous photocatalysts for green redox reactions (Reginato), a second describing ion pair bifunctional catalysis in ionic liquids (Zanotti), and finally in a review on molecular sensitizers for photoelectrochemical water splitting (Abbotto). [Extracted from the article]

Background: Haptic feedback has been shown to be an effective facilitator of the learning of scientific concepts in a series of studies. However, little is known about the underlying salient learning mechanisms, which are activated when learning from haptic feedback. Objectives: We investigate the learning mechanism in a higher chemistry education setting, in which the students learned about the abstract concept of potential energy in a quantum chemical context. Methods: In this work, we present a mixed‐methods problem‐solving prior to instruction (PS‐I) study with chemistry bachelor students. In an interactive quantum chemistry learning environment, the students explored the energetic profiles of nucleophilic substitution reactions and the corresponding activation barriers experienced as repulsion and attraction. We measured cognitive and affective mechanisms which have been shown to be activated in PS‐I designs, such as knowledge gap awareness, state curiosity, and positive affect as well as the learning outcome quantitatively and the learning trajectories qualitatively. Results and Conclusions: Planned contrasts revealed a small hindering effect of the haptic feedback on the learning outcome. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data lets us attribute this effect to the lack of scaffolding of the haptic feedback and the spontaneous atomic movements in the simulation, which may be interpreted as a visual representation of force in itself. This work highlights the importance of accurate mappings of the haptic feedback unto the target domain and further delivers insight into the prior conceptions of chemistry undergraduate students. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Haptic feedback can facilitate learning by grounding abstract concepts in sensory experiences.While previous studies have reported positive affective results, the cognitive results are ambiguous.Moreover, it was frequently reported that the learning of potential energy in a (quantum) chemical context is particularly difficult due to (i) the lack of grounding opportunities and (ii) the diverse previous conceptions. What this paper adds: A learning environment to interact with molecular systems in real‐time is proposed.The concept of activation energy is grounded in sensory experience of pushing and being pulled.The mixed‐methods design allows to explore cognitive and affective variables as well as the specific prior conceptions activated by the environment. Implications for practice and/or policy: We found a small negative effect of the haptic feedback on the learning outcome, potentially due to insufficient introduction of it to the students.The spontaneous movement of the atoms was identified as a more suitable external representation of the force.Future studies should investigate, if explicit introduction of the embodied metaphor can reverse this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using computers for assessment can provide several benefits for educators and test-takers. However, in the literature, there is no consensus on the equivalence of paper-and-pencil (P&P) and computer-based test (CBT) environments. Additionally, these studies fail to address the engineering domain. Our main assumption is that, if we could define the confounding factors to satisfy that these two versions of the tests provide equivalent results, then especially in the first year courses of the engineering education programs, we could get several benefits of the CBT environments. Accordingly, in this study, students' performance on different test modes was evaluated on 209 first year engineering students of a chemistry course. The results of this study showed that there is no significant performance difference between P&P and CBT. By comparing results with the previous studies, this study concludes that personal characteristics of test takers, the features of CBT systems, and the test content are all possible confounding factors when comparing test modes and need to be considered by the implementers. The results of this study show that once these factors are controlled, students' performance on CBTs and P&P tests in chemistry courses will not vary. This finding is encouraging the educators to get benefits of CBTs without any affect on students' performance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 287-293, 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe a method to compute spatial scales for images acquired by NASA's Mars Curiosity rover (Mars Science Laboratory, MSL). The method is based on the assumption that the rover stands on an infinite plane that may have any orientation with respect to the local gravity vector. While not new, it is the first time that this method is systematically applied to Martian images acquired by a lander. A continuously run software pipeline processes the images acquired by the rover within a 20 m radius, adds approximate scalebars to the raw images, and generates, whenever possible, rectified (warped) versions of those images. The products of this software pipeline and the chemical compositions of relevant rover science targets from NASA's Planetary Data System archive, are made available to the public via the Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry website, which has been developed in collaboration with the Planetary Data System Analyst's Notebook for the MSL mission. Hyperlinks connect the two resources. Plain Language Summary: We developed a software pipeline that calculates the spatial scale of images acquired by NASA's Mars Curiosity rover. The software pipeline is linked to a new website: the Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry, in which the scalebar products are paired with information about the shape, size, color, and chemical composition of the imaged site, obtained by the rover suite of instruments. The images mimic the vantage point of human eyes and are therefore well‐suited to inspire field geologists (including those mainly working on Earth) to interpret Martian geologic features. Key Points: A systematic method to generate approximate scalebars for obliquely acquired Martian landscape images was developedA newly created Approximate Scale for Images and Chemistry (ASIC) website links images, color, spatial scale, and chemistry, as returned by NASA's Curiosity rover in Gale craterThe ASIC website is complementary and strongly linked to the Analyst's Notebook, the data resource for Martian/lunar landed missions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at a symposium on symbolic calculation is presented. Symbolic Calculation is said to have a great impact in its application to science and engineering specifically in Chemistry and Physics. The symposium featured several papers and mathematical methods such as "Atomic and quasi-atomic properties," "Ab initio calculations of electronics structure of molecules," and "Molecular dynamics."

This section offers chemistry news briefs as of September 2014. Topics discussed include the sales increase recorded by chemical company AkzoNobel, the issuance of German commercialisation registration for the Storanet wood protection technology developed by chemical firm BASF, and the acquisition of Dream Pharma by pharmaceuticals firm Alvogen.

Lists titles of research papers to be published in the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Inulin and oligofructose are classes of prebiotics belonging to a group of nondigestible carbohydrates referred to as inulin‐type fructans. While short‐chain fructooligosaccharides are enzymatically synthesized from the hydrolysis and transglycosylation of sucrose. Inulin‐type fructans and short‐chain fructooligosaccharides act as carbon sources for selective pathways supporting digestive health including altering the composition of the gut microbiota along with improving transit time. Due to their physicochemical properties, inulin‐type fructans and short‐chain fructooligosaccharides have been widely used in the food industry as partial replacements for both fat and sugar. Yet, levels of replacement need to be carefully considered as it may result in changes to physical and sensory properties that could be detected by consumers. Furthermore, it has been reported depending on the processing parameters used during production that inulin‐type fructans and short‐chain fructooligosaccharides may or may not undergo structural alterations. Therefore, this paper reviews the role of inulin‐type fructans and short‐chain fructooligosaccharides within the food industry as fat and sugar replacers and texture modifiers, their impact on final sensory properties, and to what degree processing parameters are likely to impact their functional properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on communication among Japanese scientists domestically and with their counterparts abroad. Japanese sources are far more important as basic information for initiating research work. Russian literature is consulted in physics and chemistry, but the absolute percentage values are very low. In order to discover the habits of Japanese scientists in relation to the acquisition and assimilation of scientific information, questions about allocations of time at the disposal of researchers to these activities were asked. The English is very widely used by Japanese scientists; nevertheless "writing good English" is a difficult problem for most of them.

Provides instructions to authors of the "British Journal of Pharmacology." Classification of the contributions accepted by the journal into full papers, Review Articles and Commentaries; Directions for papers which describe experiments on animals that do not fall clearly within the current laws governing animal experimentation in Great Britain; Ways of submitting the manuscripts.

Developing a facile approach for the manipulation of the direction and order of the enzymatic reactions via sequential immobilization on inexpensive substrates is a continuous demand. Herein, a new methodology is introduced that allows making a desired enzymatic reaction pathway on a paper‐based microfluidic‐membrane based biosensor (P‐µMB). Although the method is universal, here, as a proof‐of‐concept, the sequential immobilization of α‐amylase, glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is presented for fabricating a P‐µMB. To this end, hydrophilic polydopamine/polyethyleneimine patterns are created on the hydrophobic polypropylene membrane using 3D printing and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold, and a coating layer of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is used to modify the patterns. The enzymes are then individually immobilized on the desired locations with another set of PDMS molds. It is observed that AgNPs P‐µMB in the sequential immobilization system has stable activity at various temperature and pH regimes, high selectivity toward starch, wide‐range linear sensitivity, and a limit of detection of 0.002% w/w starch. A smartphone camera is used for the quantitative analysis of the analyte with the mean gray intensity as the analytical parameter. This developed system provides a platform for further sequential immobilization of other types of biological elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neither of us can remember people talking about stimuli‐responsive polymers when we were students. Even though this was still in the last century, it was almost 70 years after Staudinger's seminal paper "Über Polymerisation"![1] By the time we entered graduate school in the early 1990 s, the first papers on polymer light emitting diodes appeared, while research on electrically conducting, nonlinear optical, and other "functional" polymers was already in full swing. Looking back, there were some stimuli‐responsive materials that were around at the time,[2–6] but it took the better part of the last 30 years until the field had developed into what we think is one of the most vibrant areas of polymer science.[8–12] Before the potential usefulness of this class of materials was recognized, researchers were focused on developing polymeric materials that would not respond to external influences, and in fact maintain (in particular) their mechanical properties in a wide range of environments. This has led to the development of many environmentally robust polymers, which have come to impact basically every aspect of our daily life. Ironically, this long‐sought stability now comes back to haunt us in the form of plastic pollution, but this is another story. The concept of materials that adapt their properties in response to changing environmental conditions might appear like a complete reversal with respect to the original goals of creating stable materials. However, eventually a) it was recognized that materials that respond to a specific stimulus in a predictable and useful manner would significantly broaden the potential usefulness of polymers, and b) the field of polymer science had developed to the point where the rational design, preparation, and characterization of such materials became possible. The expression 'stimuli‐responsive polymer' had been first used in the 1980's, however its use really only gained popularity a few decades later. In the early days, terms such as environmentally‐sensitive or environmentally‐responsive polymers, stimuli‐reversible or stimuli‐sensitive polymers, or polymers with phase transitions have also been used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are more H atoms than any other type of atom in an X-ray crystal structure of a protein-ligand complex, but as H atoms only have one electron they diffract X-rays weakly and are `hard to see'. The positions of many H atoms can be inferred by our chemical knowledge, and such H atoms can be added with confidence in `riding positions'. For some chemical groups, however, there is more ambiguity over the possible hydrogen placements, for example hydroxyls and groups that can exist in multiple protonation states or tautomeric forms. This ambiguity is far from rare, since about 25% of drugs have more than one tautomeric form. This paper focuses on the most common, `prototropic', tautomers, which are isomers that readily interconvert by the exchange of an H atom accompanied by the switch of a single and an adjacent double bond. Hydrogen-exchange rates and different protonation states of compounds ( e.g. buffers) are also briefly discussed. The difference in heavy (non-H) atom positions between two tautomers can be small, and careful refinement of all possible tautomers may single out the likely bound ligand tautomer. Experimental methods to determine H-atom positions, such as neutron crystallography, are often technically challenging. Therefore, chemical knowledge and computational approaches are frequently used in conjugation with experimental data to deduce the bound tautomer state. Proton movement is a key feature of many enzymatic reactions, so understanding the orchestration of hydrogen/proton motion is of critical importance to biological chemistry. For example, structural studies have suggested that, just as a chemist may use heat, some enzymes use directional movement to protonate specific O atoms on phosphates to catalyse phosphotransferase reactions. To inhibit `wriggly' enzymes that use movement to effect catalysis, it may be advantageous to have inhibitors that can maintain favourable contacts by adopting different tautomers as the enzyme `wriggles'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can simple chemistry drive the emergence of self‐organised complex behaviours? Addressing this big‐picture question crucially impacts the comprehension of fundamental mechanisms at the basis of stationary and dynamical spatio‐temporal chemical patterns which represent an integral part of Origin of Life studies and morphogenesis. This is also of paramount importance in cutting‐edge approaches for the design and control of bio‐inspired self‐organised functional materials as well as for understanding how complex biological networks work. So far, spontaneous chemical self‐organisation has constituted the realm of Nonlinear Chemistry. Oscillations, waves, Turing structures have been typically obtained in systems characterised by a complex network of nonlinear reactions activated on appropriate relative timescales. Here we revisit the emergence of oscillatory dynamics in systems characterised by a kinetics as simple and general as a bimolecular process, provided that it is actively coupled with transport phenomena, in the absence of any nonlinear or external kinetic feedback. We also present new numerical experiments to substantiate and clarify the minimal ingredients underlying these complex dynamics. The objective of this paper is to discuss chemo‐hydrodynamics as a possible mechanism for activating self‐organised structures and functional behaviours in contexts characterised by a minimal chemistry like prebiotic conditions. In this view, we also highlight the necessity to include convective phenomena in the paradigm of Systems Chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the increasing popularity of distance education, how to engage students in online inquiry‐based laboratories remains challenging for science teachers. Current remote labs mostly adopt a centralized model with limited flexibility left for teachers' just‐in‐time instruction based on students' real‐time science practices. Objectives: The goal of this research is to investigate the impact of a non‐centralized remote lab on students' cognitive and behavioural engagement. Methods: A mixed‐methods design was adopted. Participants were the high school students enrolled in two virtual chemistry classes. Remote labs 2.0, branded as Telelab, supports a non‐centralized model of remote inquiry that can enact more interactive hands‐on labs anywhere, anytime. Teleinquiry Instructional Model was used to guide the curriculum design. Students' clickstreams logs and instruction timestamps were analysed and visualized. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether engagement levels influence their conceptual learning. Behavioural engagement patterns were corroborated with survey responses. Results and Conclusions: We found approximate synchronizations between student–teacher–lab interactions in the heatmap. The guided inquiry enabled by Telelab facilitates real‐time communications between instructors and students. Students' conceptual learning is found to be impacted by varying engagement levels. Students' behavioural engagement patterns can be visualized and fed to instructors to inform learning progress and enact just‐in‐time instruction. Implications: Telelab offers a model of remote labs 2.0 that can be easily customized to live stream hands‐on teleinquiry. It enhances engagement and gives participants a sense of telepresence. Providing a customizable teleinquiry curriculum for practitioners may better prepare them to teach inquiry‐based laboratories online. Lay Description: What is currently known about the subject matter: Engaging students in inquiry‐based laboratories is challenging for science teachers.Remote labs represent good approximations to physical labs and can broaden participation in distance learning.Most remote labs follow a centralized model for users to interact with predefined parameters.Backend logs recording user clickstream provide means to study behavioural engagement. What this paper adds: Providing an instructional model to facilitate synchronous student–teacher–lab interactions on remote labs 2.0.Visualizing collective and individual behavioural engagement patterns about the teleinquiry instructional cycles.Disengaged participation during live stream lab is a strong predictor for students' lowered learning gain.We corroborated behavioural engagement patterns with survey responses. Implications of study findings for practitioners: Telelab offers a non‐centralized model of remote labs 2.0 that allows users to live stream hands‐on teleinquiry easily.Teleinquiry Instructional Model enhances student–teacher–lab interactions and gives participants a sense of telepresence.Identifying common engagement patterns during teleinquiry activity may be a valuable signal for early intervention.Providing a customizable teleinquiry curriculum for practitioners may better prepare them to teach inquiry‐based laboratories online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Among flavonoid derivatives, tiliroside is a flavonoid contained in several edible plants or specific plant parts (fruits, leaves, or roots). These parts are often widely used as both food and medicines, in the treatment of various ailments and, in some cases, as food supplements. Considering the easy access to many publications concerning tiliroside and the lack of a review that summarizes the current progress in studies on its safety, efficacy, and presence in the plant kingdom, we present here a review paper on tiliroside and its principal derivatives. The paper also highlights the basic knowledge regarding this molecule, its derivatives, and the analytical approaches used for extraction and quantification, as well as reports on the biological activities against different key enzymes linked to various human diseases. The reported information is also devoted to highlighting the concept “learn from nature to discover new products,” particularly in the development of new drugs, food supplements, and nutraceuticals, starting from a natural lead compound such as tiliroside and improving its biological activities (and selectivities) against a specific target for therapeutic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maillard's paper of 1912 describing the reaction between amino acids and sugars is both innovative and visionary. It provides original and stillvaluable data on the chemistry of a new reaction and foresees its involvement in many scientific and biological domains, even in human pathology. This paper was ignored by the scientific community until 1941. In 1948 the Maillard reaction was definitely recognized as being responsible for the browning and loss of nutritive value of heated milk powders. There was then a continuous increase in papers on the chemistry of this complex reaction to identify its various pathways: in food science, to evaluate the influence of reaction parameters (pH, T°, time, sugar reactivity, concentration of the reagents, water activity, glass transition temperature) on the evolution of the reaction and on changes in food quality; in nutrition, to quantify the loss of bioavailability of essential amino acids; on the metabolism of the reaction products and on the physiological effects of the ingested Maillard reaction products. The significant scientific advances and the key persons and pioneers who contributed much to the understanding of the Maillard reaction are presented. The food industry is directly concerned with the occurrence of this reaction in processed foods and contributed significantly by its own research to understanding the phenomena and to optimizing the processes and conditions of food preparation in order to preserve the nutritional, safety, and organoleptic qualities of foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Past research has shown that seductive details (i.e., interesting, but irrelevant adjuncts in learning materials) hamper learning in short, instructor‐paced learning sessions through impaired cognitive processing. Objectives: We integrate theory and research on multimedia learning and self‐control to test whether detrimental effects of seductive details also apply to longer and strenuous learning sessions (e.g., online lectures), in which there is greater need for self‐control. Methods: A total of N = 194 students studied five chapters in a digital learning unit about chemistry either (1) without seductive details, or (2) with seductive details but without being informed about their irrelevance for the learning goal, or (3) with seductive details while being informed about their irrelevance. To assess learning outcomes, all students completed the same posttests for recall and transfer of knowledge. Results and conclusions: For students who were uninformed about the details' irrelevance, the seductive details impeded learning outcomes not just overall, but also in the final phase of prolonged studying (i.e., when the willingness to self‐control is reduced). The latter effect was mediated through a reduced positive affect. Implications: The seductive details effect seems to generalize to prolonged learning sessions, where students may start to dislike the seductive details. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic?: Seductive details (i.e., interesting, but irrelevant adjuncts) hamper learning in short instructor‐paced learning sessions through impaired cognitive processing.However, they also have beneficial effects on affective factors.These benefits did not translate to better learning outcomes in past research.It is unknown whether the affective benefits could translate to better learning outcomes in longer, more self‐paced learning sessions (e.g., digital learning sessions), with higher self‐control demands. What this paper adds?: The harmful effect of seductive details on learning also appears in extended and self‐paced digital learning sessions.However, seductive details hampered learning only when students perceived them as relevant. The implications of study findings for practitioners: Seductive details should be used very cautiously or even be excluded from instructional material.If it is impossible to dismiss the seductive details in actual learning materials, students should be informed about the details' irrelevance for learning to avoid their potential negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives personal observations on the current gulf between the use of polymer terminology and nomenclature in education and literature and the recommendations of the IUPAC Subcommittee on Polymer Terminology (SPT). SPT activities facilitating access to definitions and rules are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A previous paper described new metrics, veracity and utility, for assessing the performance of toxicity prediction systems that report confidence in their predictions. Assessing the performance of systems that predict mammalian metabolism is complicated by the absence of comprehensive sets of negative observations and predictions. This paper presents an approach to assessing the performance of such systems using veracity and utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a list of forthcoming papers on biochemistry which appeared in the January 1983 issue of the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

This paper studies the dynamics of the generalized Lengyel-Epstein reaction-diffusion model proposed in a recent study by Abdelmalek and Bendoukha. Two main results are shown in this paper. The first of which is sufficient conditions that guarantee the nonexistence of Turing patterns, ie, nonconstant solutions. Second, more relaxed conditions are derived for the stability of the system's unique steady-state solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]