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Background:By mapping the existing literature on exercise oncology, gaps in knowledge can be identified, and future directions for research can be pointed out. Objectives:This review aimed to map diagnoses and outcome measures targeted in reviews and describe the effects on those outcomes. Further, the aim was to map exercise intervention characteristics being reviewed and the effects depending on these characteristics, and to discuss implications for future research. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cinahl, PSYCHInfo, and Cochrane Library. Reviews including physical activity and exercise intervention trials in adult patients during or after curative oncological treatment were included. Reference lists were scanned in order to find additional relevant papers. Results:Twenty-three reviews were included in the present study. The majority included mixed forms of cancers. Significant improvements were reported on physical fitness, cancer-related fatigue (CRF), health-related quality of life, physical function, psychological outcomes, lymphedema-related symptoms, biological markers, and physical activity level. Four reviews targeted time point for implementation of exercise intervention. There were slightly greater effects on CRF, physical fitness, and walking distance from implementation after completed treatment. Two reviews comparing exercise types reported superior effects from combinations of aerobic exercise and resistance training compared to aerobic or resistance training alone. One review targeted exercise intensity, and the results indicated a greater effect from moderately intense exercise compared to high intense exercise. One review assessed behaviour change techniques in exercise trials and suggested the use of programme goal-setting, self-monitoring, and generalization of behaviour to promote adoption and maintenance of exercise behaviour. Conclusion: Exercise seems to be beneficial during and after curative oncological treatment in several types of cancer. A higher reporting of exercise intervention details is essential in future exercise intervention trials and there is still a need for large, randomized trials, especially in forms of cancer other than breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common experience among cancer survivors and often persists after the termination of cancer treatments. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate FCR in survivors of Hodgkin's and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, given a high rate of survivorship in this patient population. Research Approach: The parent study was a multi-site, cluster-randomized trial to assess a communication skills intervention: survivorship planning consultation (versus a time-attention control - wellness rehabilitation intervention) to promote transition to survivorship. Participants & Methodological Approach: 199 patients enrolled in the study and completed a survivorship (or control) consultation one-month after receiving the news of their survivorship status; 141 of those patients (n = 92 experimental arm, n = 49 control arm) completed an interview at their 6-month follow-up consultation. In the interview, participants described frequency of FCR, causes of FCR, coping mechanisms, and specific things oncologists said to reduce FCR. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized for analyzing participant responses. Findings: The majority (88%) of participants reported experiencing FCR, with a higher number of participants in the experimental arm significantly more likely to endorse FCR compared to the control group participants. The main causes of FCR were having medical appointments and concerns about potential relapse and secondary cancers. Participants endorsed utilizing self-sufficient coping mechanisms. As well, participants reported that oncologists most frequently cited specific cure rates of lymphoma to reduce patients' FCR. Interpretation & Implications for Psychosocial Providers: Communication skills training programs should emphasize FCR in survivorship consultations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]