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The article focuses on recent Commission Implementing Regulations concerning the registration and amendment of protected designations of origin and geographical indications. Topics include the registration of various food products, updates on feed additive authorizations, and amendments related to food safety and import regulations.

The growing consumer interest in plant-based alternatives to animal-derived foods is leading to their more frequent placement in the food market. This is accompanied by the obligation for all operators of food establishments to properly label these products. In legal and food practice, various questions related to the labelling of these products are increasingly arising. The article thoroughly examines the legal regulations of the European Union and the Slovak and Czech practices in this area. Milk and dairy products are, according to legal regulations, products of animal origin. However, can plant-based 'alternatives' to milk and dairy products still be labelled with terms such as 'milk' or terms used for labelling dairy products? The authors of the contribution seek answers to these and other related questions, relying not only on European standardization but also on the case law of the Court of Justice of The European Union. The contribution emphasizes the necessity of precise (legal) and consumer-understandable labelling in the growing segment of plant-based 'alternatives' to milk and dairy products. Emerging questions regarding the labelling of these products may form the basis for a discussion about potential changes in legal regulations to adapt to the evolving food market and consumer preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food labels serve as a critical tool for conveying essential information to consumers, particularly those with food allergies. The European Union has implemented stringent regulations mandating the clear identification of 14 priority allergens on food packaging, a crucial step in safeguarding consumer health. This paper reviews the latest regulations in Europe regarding allergen labelling, exploring the effectiveness of these regulations and their impact on consumer safety. While the regulations have led to improvements in the clarity of allergen information, challenges remain, particularly regarding the consistency and standardization of labelling practices across different brands and products. Additionally, the voluntary nature of Precautionary Allergen Labelling (PAL) has led to consumer mistrust and confusion, highlighting the need for more standardized and transparent labelling practices. The paper concludes by recommending further harmonization of allergen labelling regulations and the development of clearer guidelines to enhance consumer confidence and protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a new government decree in the Czech Republic that promotes agroforestry, combining elements of agriculture and forestry. The decree, effective from June 1, 2023, outlines conditions for implementing agroforestry measures and provides subsidies for establishing and maintaining agroforestry systems. It allocates 127 million Czech crowns until 2027 for agroforestry funding and allows farmers to apply for subsidies of 4353 EUR per hectare.

The article focuses on Brazil's unique approach to regulating artificial intelligence (AI) systems, contrasting it with global initiatives such as the European Union AI Act. Topics include the legislative process of Brazil's AI regulation proposal, its institutional design, and how it addresses AI-related risks and innovation challenges.

The article focuses on the impact of the European Union (EU) Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) on employment relations within the EU. Topics include the broad scope of the Regulation covering AI systems in employment, the categorization of AI systems into prohibited and high-risk applications, and the distribution of responsibility among actors in the AI supply chain.

The article focuses on the interplay between the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act and General Data Protection Regulation compliance, exploring when and how organizations need to adhere to both regulations. Topics include the ethical governance of AI in the legal sector, emphasizing holistic policy approaches, and the legal constraints involved in AI-powered judicial decision-making.

The article focuses on the rapid development of global governance frameworks for artificial intelligence (AI), highlighted by the recent enactment of the European Union AI Act and regulatory initiatives in US states like Colorado. Topics include the emphasis on human-centric values in AI regulation, the need for secondary legislation to complement overarching AI laws, and international efforts towards harmonization and cooperation in AI governance.

The article offers information on Poland's new regulations regarding the use of the term 'tincture' on spirit drink labels, outlining conditions for its inclusion and protecting its traditional production practices. Topics include European Union (EU) food labelling legislation principles; regulations for spirit drinks; and specific requirements for 'tincture' labelling in Poland, including restrictions on coloring, flavoring and maceration periods.

The cited provision clearly indicates the necessity of equal interpretation and application of the CJEU case-law relating to Directive 2014/24/EU to the equivalent articles of Directive 2014/25/EU. Keywords: remedies; new references; Croatia; case law EN remedies new references Croatia case law 226 229 4 10/27/23 20230701 NES 230701 Marko Turudi'c[1] I. Introduction The question of whether tenderers can add documents to their tenders after the deadline has (unfortunately) been a long-standing issue in Croatian public procurement law, long after the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued its I Esaprojekt i judgment.[1] The most discussed question was whether tenderers can add references that were not included in the original tender at later phases of the public procurement procedure. Article 80(3) of Directive 2014/25/EU is especially important, stating that for the purpose of applying paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 80, Articles 59 to 61 of Directive 2014/24/EU shall apply. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports that the amendment of the Act No. 110/1997 OJ on foodstuffs and tobacco products has resulted in the implementation of a decree on requirements for the quality and wholesomeness of bottled waters produced within the territory of the Czech Republic. Topics include a draft of the new decree introduced by the Ministry of Agriculture, contents of the draft decree and changed pricing of extracted mineral water.

The article focuses on the need of specific regulations for food influencers for marketing of food products. Topics include the rise of social media influencers for promotion of items which contribute to the overall sales revenue generation; and rise of ethical and legal challenges for companies using influencers.

Article 28 (2) and 29 of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 lay down requirements for operators and competent authorities on how to handle the presence of unauthorised products and substances in organic products. Such presence is an important indicator that an organic product may not comply with the rules of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (EU Organic Regulation). Since 1st of January 2022, suspect cases based on findings of unauthorised products and substances shall lead to blocking sale of organic products concerned by operators and official investigations by control authorities and control bodies. Although such measures lead to a better protection of consumer interests, they are also increasing the level of uncertainty in the value chain for operators and the organic control system. In this article, the authors analyse the legal requirements in view of defining a practical approach towards such suspect cases in line with the legal requirements and without violating the integrity of organic products and organic production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a report on the prohibition of cages for laying hens, and the implementation of regulation of egg production in the Czech Republic. Topics include the change of the regulation of laying hens breeding through efforts of various Nonprofit organizations' (NGO) initiatives and citizens' petition.

Despite many efforts being put in the recent years into the reform of the public procurement legislation both at the European and national level in Poland, the increase in the use of sustainable public procurement is disproportionally low. This article looks therefore at the nonlegal barriers that affect the use of the sustainable public procurement (including, although not exclusively social clauses, green clauses), based on the research conducted in Poland. It concludes with suggestions of possible solutions and role of non-state actors in stimulating the use of the Sustainable Public Procurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the issue of in-house procurement under Polish regulations and how they are applied by local authorities. The authors focus on special conditions in national provisions additional to those provided for in Directive 2014/24/EU. The Polish legislator allows the award of public contracts in a negotiated procedure without publication (single source procurement) among other differences. Polish regulations provide for the performance of local authority tasks via local authority acts. The authors analyse the relationship between public procurement and competition law with regard to the position of local authorities as entities playing a key role in organising public services markets; in Poland, local authorities, including municipalities, have the status of 'undertaking' when organising the performance of public services. What has been observed on the market is the tendency for municipal companies to use the privilege created for them in in-house procurement regulations to encroach on a market that is not related to the tasks of their owner and compete with private operators. EU law sets some limits on in-house procurement but does not in itself guarantee uniformapplication of thismodality, leaving a great deal of freedomtoMember States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses consideration of unhealthy nutrition decree. It mentions that in 2017, Denisa Assefová reported on the entry into force of a Decree prohibiting sale of unhealthy foodstuffs in school facilities. It mentions that over salted foodstuffs was prohibited inside educational centers with objective to prevent childhood obesity in accordance with EU Action Plan on Childhood Obesity 2014-2020.

Incomplete tenders and missing information seem to be a known constant in public procurement, confronting contracting authorities with legal challenges and critically influencing the results of public purchasing. Faced with a non-conforming tender that cannot be accepted, a contracting authority must choose between two options: to reject the tender or to ask for correction of mistakes in the tender. Exceptionally, instead of the option to clarify, the requirement of proportionality may justify an obligation to do. Subject to a complex discretionary decision, making the choice between a rejection and a clarification has to follow the general principles of EU public procurement law and good administration as well as the national administrative law rules. This article looks at the topic with the help of examples from Estonian case-law. By analysing both the relevant procedural and substantial rules, we draw guidelines to assist navigating the legal maze of conflicting considerations that concern the correction of mistakes and clarification of ambiguities in public procurement tenders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information related to the Italian regulatory scenario that led to the asserted legalisation of the marketing of cannabis, which ended in the prohibition of the sale of hemp containing Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It mentions the the opening of hundreds of cannabis shops,where products derived from hemp have been marketed with the active ingredient THC. It also mentions that Italy has introduced rules on the promotion of the cultivation and agro-industrial chain of hemp.

The article presents Italian circular on the interpretation of recent national legislation establishing sanctions for the violation of the provisions of Regulation European Union (EU) No. 1169/2011. It mentions rules on penalties for violations relating to the labelling of food products provided for by Regulation. It also reveals that Decree provides for penalties for breaches of information obligations by food business operators.

The article presents European Parliament's answers on various topics. Topics include that the European Commission launched the Fruit and Vegetables Market Observatory that aims to analyze markets and to take well-informed policy decisions; and regulations related to Cannabidiol (CBD) and CBD extracts as food and food supplements.

The existing regulatory framework for new chemical substances in China has been put in place for nearly a decade, delivering tangible results in advancing chemical management and promoting the well-regulated development of the chemical sector. In April this year, to address problems identified in its implementation, the Chinese authorities introduced a new scheme, known as MEE Order No. 12, which will take effect starting from 1 January 2021. With an enhanced focus on environmental risks, the new scheme is expected to enable more efficient and targeted regulation and contribute to the country's environmental protection efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the logistics of the food supply chain (based in principle, but not exclusively, on that of fresh products) makes possible a pragmatic analysis of the circular economy and includes some interesting suggestions for the application of the European Union legislation recently adopted and for the development of future regulations. In this area, logistics (and especially the so-called "last mile") has not received the attention it ought to have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Novel Food Regulation is a story full of twists and turns. It originated in the year 1997 as Regulation (EC) No. 258/97 (hereinafter: the "Novel Food Regulation"). The primary objective of the Regulation was to regulate genetically modified foods in order to take equal account of both the reservations regarding safety and ethical considerations in parts of the population. However, after only 6 years genetically modified foods were removed from the Novel Food Regulation in order to take up a new position in European law. Since then the novel foods remaining in the Novel Food Regulation have stood on their own regulatory feet and developed their own inherent dynamics. Contrary to other legal acts adopted and intensely disputed recently, the question "novel or not novel" is crucial to the marketability and hence increasingly to the final fate of products. At the same time the Novel Food Regulation is openly unable to conceal certain inherent deficits. It is possible that the European legislators recognized this when, upon the adoption of the Regulation, a report on experience from the European Commission was provided for no later than 5 years after its provisions took effect. The report on experience was to mark the commencement of reform efforts which initially appeared premature in view of what at the time was quite recent material. Over the years, however, the still valid realization took hold that the field of "novel food" itself requires revision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses several notifications to the European Commission (EC) under Directive 98/34/EC. It says that a decree in Finland regulates responsibility of packaging makers for separate collection, re-use, and recovery of discarded packaging. It adds that a regulation in Norway prohibits marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children. Moreover, a draft regulation in Great Britain replaces an amended formula to compute glass packaging waste that should be recycled by remelt.

The article identifies and analyses the important judgements of courts around the world that shape the interpretation and application of chemical law and regulation. It examines how applicants should compile REACH Applications for Authorisation, and how European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) and the Commission should review those applications.

The article offers information related to the change in chemical regulations in China despite background of rising environmental concerns and a number chemicals accidents. It mentions that legal system of chemical regulation in China consists of laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules and standards; and also mentions about United Nations Globally Harmonized System which comprises all the 28 hazards in the United Nation Globally Harmonized System (GHS) 4th revision.

The article offers information related to the harmonization of European Union acquis by introducing Turkish REACH like regulations. It mentions about Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation is responsible from the implementation and enforcement of as Kimyasalların Kaydı, Değerlendirilmesi, İzni ve Kısıtlanmasına Hakkında Yönetmelik (KKDIK); and general misconception that companies have a window of three years for pre-registering substances, followed by registration preparations in 2021.

The following article deals with an analysis of the way in which the issue of food safety is being tackled in the People's Republic of China. The first part will examine the impact of food safety law in the Chinese system; the second part will analyse a case study, regarding some pilot projects held under the umbrella of the FAO. The concluding paragraph will offer some hints to reflect on the effective possibility for the legal provisions to come into force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that the Danish Environment and Food Board of Appeal lifted the regulation regarding the use of the name ButterCookies. Topics include the legislation was implemented by the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration's (DVFA) to distinct Danish cookies that contains a combination of butter and palmbutter.

The article reports on the adoption of national measures concerning the allergen labelling of non-prepacked food in Germany under the Food Information Regulation (FIR). The regulation includes provisions for the determination of substances or products that cause allergies or intolerances for the said food. Also provided is information on the Food Information Supplementation Regulation (VLMIEV) published by the Ministry of Nutrition and Agriculture.

The article reports on the implementation of a Royal Decree which orders the declaration of certain substances or products that cause allergens for non-packed food in Belgium on December 13, 2014. Topics discussed include the obligations of food business operators under the rule, administrative guidelines, and sanctions for noncompliance.

The article reports that the Italian Government has drawn up a legislative act with the aim of adjusting its internal regulation on data protection to the new rules provided for by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). It discusses legislative procedure which include appointment of Legislative Commission by the Ministry of Justice; involvement of the Italian Data Protection Authority; and approval of first draft of the decree by the Council of Ministers.

The article focuses on the new legislation on the European Union (EU). It mentions the Commission Regulation (EU) No 601/2013 of June 2013 concerning the authorisation of cobalt II sulphate heptahydrate and cobalt (II) acetate tetrahydrate. It cites the Commission Regulation (EU) No. 536/2013 of 11 June 2013 amending Regulation (EU) No. 432/2012 which established a list of food health claims.

The article reports on the implementation of the Legislative Decree Number 20 of February 23, 2018 by the European Union in Italy. The main novelties introduced by the Decree being discussed here include control system, avoiding conflict of interest between the control body and controlled business operator, and the obligations of the control bodies and the business operators.

The Italian legislator has started the implementing process of the recent EU Directives on procurement and concessions, namely Directives 2014/23/EU, 2014/24/EU and 2014/25/EU. The legislative technique to be used will be the delegation to the Government by the Parliament to adopt an implementing legislative decree, on the basis of general principles and criteria set forth by the Parliament itself in a delegation bill that the two Houses will enact giving the power to the Executive to regulate the matter. Currently, the Senate has approved a delegation bill proposal in June 2015 passing it on to the Lower Branch for discussion and approval in October 2015; as it regards the proposed timing, the Government should enact the legislative decree by February 2016, thus anticipating by two months the deadline for implementation provided at EU level, while the result should be the adoption of a new allcomprehensive code containing the discipline of concessions and procurement, both in ordinary and utilities sectors, destined to repeal the existing Public Procurement Code (Legislative Decree 163/2006). As it results from the auditions carried out by the Senate among the operators of the public procurement sectors, the new EU Directives and the need to completely redefine the domestic discipline as a consequence, represent a good chance for the national legislator to address and resolve many of the criticalities of the current Italian regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents notifications to the European Commission under the Directive 98/34 from several European Union (EU) countries as of 2015. These notifications include the Foodstuffs (Control and Sale) (Amendment) Law of 2015 in Cyprus, the Amendment of the Minister for Agriculture Regulation No 88 of September 6, 2010 in Estonia, and the amendment of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Decree on Foodstuff Hygiene in Primary Production in Finland.

The article discusses the Decree No. 2016-1137 on the origin of milk adopted by the French authorities on August 19, 2016 which imposes to indicate the origin of milk used as an ingredient on labeling dairy products. Topics discussed include the contents of the decree's Annex, the response of the French authorities to the request of breeders and some consumer groups by adopting the decree, and compatibility of the decree with the provisions of Regulation No 1169/2011.

The requirement of a minimum level of economic and financial standing cannot, in principle, be disregarded solely because that level relates to an aspect of the balance sheet regarding which there may be differences between the legislations of the different Member States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Parliament and the Council Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 modifies existing food labelling provisions in the European Union to allow consumers to make informed choices and to make safe use of food, while at the same time ensure the free movement of legally produced and marketed food. It entered into force on 12 December 2011. It shall apply starting from 13 December 2014. Following an informal working practice, the Commission's Health and Consumer Directorate General has published a document ["Questions and Answers on the application of Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers"] in order to provide answers to a series of questions concerning the application of the Regulation. This document aims at assisting all players in the food chain as well as the competent national authorities to better understand and correctly apply the above-mentioned Regulation. However, it has no formal legal status and in the event of a dispute, ultimate responsibility for the interpretation of the law lies with the Court of Justice of the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the entry into force of the General Food Law (Regulation 178/2002), food law has developed into a mature and independent legal discipline. More than enough reason to reflect on the most important developments in the field of EU food law over the last three years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the adoption of national measures for the provision of information to consumers for non-prepacked food in Great Britain. The measures cover information on the name of the food, quantity ingredient declaration (QUID) on meat products, and the presence of allergens or intolerances. The measures are pursuant to the European Food Information to Consumers Regulation (FIC) No. 1169/2011.

The article reports on the proposed national measures for the provision of information to consumers for non-prepacked foods in Romania. The rules about the information to be provided for the said food and the indication of allergenic ingredients are discussed. The measures are pursuant to the European Food Information to Consumers Regulation (FIC) No. 1169/2011.

The article reports on a decree prepared by the French authorities which amends consumer information on allergens and non-prepacked foods in 2014. Information includes the definitions of the Subsection 1 and Subsection 2 of the decree which concern the sale of non-prepacked food and the presence of substances or products that cause allergens.

Today an increasing amount of food is traded on the international market. As in most European countries, Norwegian food legislation is based on rules that are effective at the global level as well as on regional and national law. These rules may express different values when it comes to what are considered fair practices in the food trade. This article examines the significance of global food standards in the regulation of fair practices in food trade in the EEA country Norway. Because international food standards are linked to international WTO treaties the author considers the standards to fall within the definition of soft law, but with a somewhat greater significance than other regulations referred to as such. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the new regulatory framework of laws in the Republic of Serbia such as the Public-Private Partnership (PPP)and Concessions and the Law on Communal Utility Activities. It elaborates several factors that obstruct the implementation of PPP projects which include rudimentary regulation of procedures, unclear obligations of public partner and lack of publicity. It also mentions that the implementation of law governing PPPs represents an improvement of regulatory framework.

A legislative procedure that started on 1 February 2008 when the Commission submitted its proposal to the European Parliament and to the Council came to a conclusion over three and a half years later when the European Parliament voted on the compromise proposal on 6 July 2011. These years were very long years for the EU and the legislative procedure that was quite a difficult one in itself was also slowed down by the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon and the parliamentary elections of the European Parliament in the spring of 2009. The text changed considerably, the original proposal of the Commission was changed both by the Council and the European Parliament in several substantial points. This article intends to present the work done, the (slow) progress of the text by emphasizing the important new elements of the regulation. We do not intend to give a thorough presentation of every little detail of the new regulation, and mention only elements that changed a lot, especially in the second reading and that might be interesting to the reader. The regulation is referenced throughout this article as "new regulation", since it was written based on the text that was adopted by the European Parliament on 6 July 2011. Before publication there will be a lawyer-linguist control of the text and it will also be formally adopted by the Council in September 2011. Because of this, the exact number was not available. Also, since the exact numbering of certain Articles or paragraphs may change during the lawyer-linguist examination of the text, any such references are subject to change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the adoption of Ministerial Decree regarding the use of botanicals in food supplements by the Italian Ministry of Health. It states that the economic operators are responsible for ensuring the specific botanical substance in food supplement due to the application of a production process. It highlights the integration of Belgium and France (BELFRIT) list for a botanical harmonisation with Italy.

The article focuses on the new regulations issued by the Bulgarian government related to its dairy products specially yogurt. It states that Bulgaria is considered as the homeland of yogurt and of microflora because it causes fermentation. It further focuses on the efforts of various local authorities for the protection of yogurt's production method including Ministry of Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, and the Food Safety Agency.

The article reports on the update of the draft Royal Decree on plants in Belgium. Article 7 of the decree provides that plants on the list can be considered under the Novel Food Regulations. It updates Belgian Advisory Commission's advice from 2003-2009 with the addition of 15 plants regarded dangerous. It also restricts the manufacture and/or sale plant preparations originated from plants.