Search

To illustrate the power and utility of macro-level decomposition tools, this article presents a structured comparison of two all-sector global modeling exercises that assess emissions reductions compatible with climate stabilization at roughly 1.5C above pre-industrial levels. It uses an expanded Kaya Identity combined with the LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index) method to decompose the effects of key drivers of changes in emissions over time in these scenarios. The most important drivers of emissions reductions include final energy intensity of economic activity, the fraction of primary energy delivered by fossil fuels, and emissions from non-CO 2 warming agents. Land-use change and the carbon intensity of fossil energy are also important. The article suggests additional data modelers should release to allow more rapid analysis of results and ways to facilitate cross-study comparisons (such as adopting "best of breed" sectoral models instead of relying solely on in-house expertise for model development). Global change; Climate change; Emissions reduction modeling; Model comparisons; Energy resources; Environmental policy; Environmental technology; Energy Policy. • Detailed decomposition analysis gives visibility into key drivers and model structure. • Key drivers include energy intensity, fossil fuel fraction, and non-CO 2 warming agents. • Analyzing "edge cases" can help suggest superior technology/policy combinations. • Analyzing "edge cases" can help demonstrate the limits of feasible climate mitigation. • "Best of breed" sectoral models are an essential complement to IAMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of global warming and an increase in the indoor cooling equipments using energy sources other than conventional energy have become very attractive because they can reduce consumption of fossil fuels as well as harmful emissions in to the environment. The solar energy is one of the readily available forms of renewable energy which can be used to operate the cooling equipments depending on the geographical location of the area where solar cooling system needs to be installed. The effectiveness of solar cooling also needs to be evaluated based on various performance indicating parameters. However, different types of solar collectors also need to be evaluated in order to find out their feasibility for cooling applications. Thus in this article review of different types of solar cooling technologies have been carried out. The study reveals that evacuated tube collectors are best option for solar cooling where as desiccant cooling helps in improving the indoor air quality. Also, thermal energy storage and ejector based solar cooling efficiently improves the performance besides energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]