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For students to be able to compete and overcome challenges in the future, critical thinking is essential. The study's descriptive methodology aims to describe the students' critical thinking abilities. Every high school in a South Sulawesi district made up the research population. Based on school accreditation, with the use of a proportionate stratified random sampling technique, 150 students were chosen to comprise the research sample. The test instrument used is an essay distributed online. The indicators for the description questions are interpretation, analysis, and interpretation thinking skills. According to the study's findings, students' critical thinking abilities in static fluid material have an average score in the medium category of 73.09. In terms of school accreditation, students' physics critical thinking abilities average 73.87 for schools with A accreditation, 72.43 for schools with B accreditation, and 68.47 for schools with C accreditation. The percentage of each indicator of critical thinking skills is 34.58 in inference, 33.70 in analysis, and 31.71 in interpretation. It is anticipated that this study will give a broad picture of students' critical thinking competencies for teachers to choose and implement the most suitable stimulus to aid students in developing their critical thinking abilities.

Background: Early Childhood Education Institutions (ECEIs) require a model for the cultivation of religious values from an early age. Religion encompasses fundamental values that strongly instil belief in the existence of God and promote harmonious relationships among individuals. This study examines the role of ECEIs in fostering religious values in early childhood. Aim: This study aims to explore the cultivation of religious values in early childhood, which includes philosophy and models of the cultivation of religious values. Setting: This research was conducted in Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methods: Researchers chose five early childhood educational institutions with 30 participants, teachers, and managers of early childhood educational institutions. The analytical approach used is the "Discovering Cultural Themes" model. Results: The spirit of 'Ing Ngarso Sung Tulodo, Ing Madya Mangun Karso, and Tut Wuri Handayani' serves as the philosophy guiding teachers to act as role models, inspire enthusiasm, and recognise the potential of young children. This philosophy is broken down into four main themes: 'I Love the Earth', 'I Love Indonesia', 'Playing and Cooperating/We Are All Brothers', and 'My Imagination and Creativity'. The cultivation model includes introduction, habituation, and exemplary actions by parents and teachers. Conclusion: Philosophical values are cultivated through recognition, habituation, and example. The acculturation model starts from the identification of religious and cultural values followed by institutionalisation and encouragement by teachers and parents. Contribution: The role of early childhood educational institutions in the acculturation of religious values is a vital characteristic of schools managed by the government and foundations in Indonesia.

Purpose: This research examined the direct and indirect effect of university social responsibility (USR) on student loyalty through the mediation of service quality and university image. Design/methodology/approach: The sample includes 35 students from Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, a private university, and 74 respondents from Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, a state university, totaling 109 respondents. The data were obtained by sending a questionnaire in the form of Google Docs through the student WhatsApp groups at the universities. Furthermore, the four variable constructs were tested with loading factors to determine reliability, and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the construct validity. The research hypotheses were tested via path analysis using the WarpPLS 8.0 statistical tool. Findings: The results showed that the image of the university mediates the relationship between USR and student loyalty. Meanwhile, service quality does not mediate the relationship. The USR had a direct relationship with service quality, university image and student loyalty. The image of the university also had a direct effect on student loyalty, while service quality had an insignificant effect on student loyalty. Therefore, based on the coefficient value, the indirect effect between USR and student loyalty through the image of the university is stronger than the direct effect between USR and student loyalty. Originality/value: Several previous models examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and consumer loyalty in general, but this research has applications in the education sector with a different concept, namely USR with different measurements.

This study aims to produce diisopropyl ether (DIPE) via isopropanol dehydration using cobalt-phosphate-supported natural zeolite catalysts. The catalytic activities of the zeolite/CoO and zeolite/Co(H2PO4)2 were compared. The as-prepared catalysts were assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption. Surface acidity was determined using the gravimetric method with pyridine as the probe. The results of this study showed that natural zeolite was favorably impregnated by CoO and Co(H2PO4)2 species. The impregnation process affected the textural and acidic features of the catalysts. The zeolite/Co(H2PO4)2 catalyst with a loading of 8 mEq.g-1 exhibited the highest surface acidity of 1.827 mmol.g-1. This catalyst also promoted the highest catalytic activity towards isopropanol dehydration, with an isopropanol conversion of 66.19%, DIPE selectivity, and yield of 46.72% and 34.99%, respectively. The cobalt phosphate species promoted higher catalytic activity for isopropanol dehydration than the CoO species. This study demonstrated the potential of cobalt phosphate-supported natural zeolite catalysts for DIPE production with adequate performance. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Learning strategies are one of the key components in the teaching and learning process. Numerous studies have stated that the Teams Games Tournament (TGT), which is a part of cooperative learning strategies, has proven effective in improving student learning outcomes. However, its application in teaching Qira'ah Jahriyah (reading aloud) has not been widely explored. Therefore, researchers conducted a study at MTs.S Pondok Pesantren Al-Muttaqin Balai Belo Agam to determine the effectiveness of the TGT strategy in learning Qira'ah Jahriyah. The research employed a quantitative approach with experimental methods and utilized a Quasi-Experimental Design with purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 8th-grade students divided into two classes. Data collection was conducted using tests, and data analysis was performed using the t-test in SPSS 22. In the experimental class, the minimum posttest score was 75 and the maximum was 95, with a mean of 83.21. In the control class, the minimum score was 60 and the maximum was 85, with a mean of 73.57. The results showed that the t-test, Sig (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant influence of the TGT cooperative learning strategy on the Qira'ah Jahriyah learning outcomes of 8th-grade students at MTs.S Al-Muttaqin Islamic Boarding School, Balai Belo Agam.

Arabic language learning innovations are developing with various learning media, such as mindmapping. The use of mindmapping-based media can provide learning experiences for students. This research aimed to test the effectiveness of Mind Mapping concept in narrative writing skills for ethnic groups in Indonesia. A mixed research design was used with a quantitative approach to test the effectiveness of learning writing skills using Mind Mapping and a qualitative approach to identify student creativity in developing narrative paragraphs. 35 students who studied writing skills at UIN Imam Bonjol Padang in the Arabic Language Education study program were involved. The results showed that; 1) The effectiveness of Mind Mapping in narrative writing showed an increase in the average learning outcomes for writing skills to 77.91 which showed positive significance; 2) Creativity in writing narratives about Indonesian ethnic groups was identified including the distribution of the meaning of ethnic groups, characteristics of ethnic groups and examples of traditional culture, characterized by varied writing structures with the choice of various grammatical structures such as the arrangement of verbal phrases, adjectives, prepositions, adverbial attributes and nominal phrases. This article confirmed that the use of Mind Mapping for learning writing skills can develop paragraph ideas for writing skills in higher education.

Determining inauspicious days in Javanese marriage traditions is significant. Sometimes, this leads to debates and controversies from various perspectives as it is considered contrary to Islamic law. This research aims to examine the determination of inauspicious days in Javanese marriage traditions during the month of Muharram (Suro). This study employs an empirical juridical approach using theories of social change and Islamic legal theory, particularly social tradition ('urf) and public interest (maslahah). Data is collected through interviews and literature reviews. Subsequently, the data is analyzed using these theories through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing processes. The research results reveal that the determination of inauspicious days in marriage traditions is based on the societal belief in the existence of inauspicious days for couples marrying in the month of Suro. This belief is grounded in experiences and stories passed down through generations. On the other hand, the concept of maslahah refers to the welfare or benefit for humans. In the context of inauspicious days for marriage, maslahah refers to efforts to prevent conflicts between couples and families. Furthermore, from the perspective of Islamic law, prohibiting marriage in the month of Suro in North Luwu Regency is permissible because there are no prohibitions in the Quran or hadith against it. Such traditions in Islamic law are referred to as ‘urf shahih, which are good and permissible customs as long as they do not contradict sharia. The prohibition is valid if it is based on the motivation to obey parental advice (birr al-walidayn) and as a form of respect for deceased parents, and linking everything that happens to the will of Allah SWT. However, if the tradition contradicts sharia and harms faith, then the tradition cannot be practiced.

Tracking the matrix is ​​the sum of the elements on the main diagonal of the matrix. This study aims to determine the Trace of a specially shaped quadratic FLDcircr matrix. In determining the Trace of a squared FLDcircr matrix, there are a number of steps to be take. First determine the special shape of the to 8x8 FLDcircr, matrix so that the general shape of FLDcircr, is formed to form a special quadratic.Furthermore, from the equations obtained, we can determine the Trace of the FLDcircr matrix in the form of a special quadratic order of the matrix to , Having obtained the general form of Trace from the FLDcircr matrix, we can prove it by direct proof

Business performance is an urgent topic to explore because there are many aspects that influence it. One thing that can guarantee business performance is open-minded entrepreneurship, uncertain readiness, and entrepreneurial optimism. In this context, businesses in the form of Food and Beverage (F&B) have become popular in the last few decades in Indonesia. From this research, it investigates the effects of open-minded entrepreneurs, uncertain readiness, and entrepreneurial optimism on business performance. Apart from that, it also dissects the relevance of open-minded entrepreneurship and uncertain readiness on business performance which is mediated by entrepreneurial optimism. The quantitative method was operated via an online survey involving cafe and restaurant owners (N = 128) spread across several big cities in Indonesia. Then, the data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). As a result, of the five hypotheses developed, three were accepted. Open-minded entrepreneurship, uncertain readiness, and entrepreneurial optimism are proven to influence business performance. On the one hand, the other two hypotheses are rejected, where open-minded entrepreneurship or uncertain readiness have no impact on business performance through entrepreneurial optimism. By implication, the output of the research is interesting to highlight in the future. Optimism in too high a capacity can harm the business. This is triggered by the level of vigilance and actions of business owners in making decisions based on irrational emotions.

Background: Early Childhood Education Institutions (ECEIs) require a model for the cultivation of religious values from an early age. Religion encompasses fundamental values that strongly instil belief in the existence of God and promote harmonious relationships among individuals. This study examines the role of ECEIs in fostering religious values in early childhood. Aim: This study aims to explore the cultivation of religious values in early childhood, which includes philosophy and models of the cultivation of religious values. Setting: This research was conducted in Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methods: Researchers chose five early childhood educational institutions with 30 participants, teachers, and managers of early childhood educational institutions. The analytical approach used is the Discovering Cultural Themes model. Results: The spirit of ‘Ing Ngarso Sung Tulodo, Ing Madya Mangun Karso, and Tut Wuri Handayani’ serves as the philosophy guiding teachers to act as role models, inspire enthusiasm, and recognise the potential of young children. This philosophy is broken down into four main themes: ‘I Love the Earth’, ‘I Love Indonesia’, ‘Playing and Cooperating/We Are All Brothers’, and ‘My Imagination and Creativity’. The cultivation model includes introduction, habituation, and exemplary actions by parents and teachers. Conclusion: Philosophical values are cultivated through recognition, habituation, and example. The acculturation model starts from the identification of religious and cultural values followed by institutionalisation and encouragement by teachers and parents. Contribution: The role of early childhood educational institutions in the acculturation of religious values is a vital characteristic of schools managed by the government and foundations in Indonesia.

Trichoderma sp. membantu menyediakan unsur hara bagi tanaman dengan mempercepat terjadinya dekomposisi senyawa organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit jeruk siam pontianak pada tanah gambut dengan pemberian inokulan T. harzianum (R3). Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) perlakuan sebanyak lima, masing-masing empat ulangan. Variabel pengamatan berupa tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering tanaman. Berdasarkan uji analisi sidik ragam, pemberian inokulan T. harzianum (R3) tidak memiliki pengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun, akan tetapi memiliki pengaruh nyata pada berat basah dan berat kering tanaman. Pemberian 50 g inokulan T. harzianum (R3) merupakan dengan perlakuan terbaik untuk pertumbuhan bibit jeruk siam pontianak.

Pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) are prone to malnutrition due to prolonged imbalances in the intake of essential nutrients. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the risk of CED in pregnant women. This study had a quantitative, cross-sectional design and was conducted from June to August 2023 in the working area of the Parung Panjang Health Center, Bogor Regency. The sample size in this study was 140 pregnant women using purposive sampling. The respondents’ characteristics were obtained through questionnaire interviews. MUAC was collected through MUAC tape, dietary intake using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) form, and hemoglobin through a rapid test. Analysis was performed using the chi-square statistical test at 95% CI. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of CED was 20,7%. There was a significant relationship between maternal age, parity, gestational age, history of infectious diseases, knowledge, energy, and protein adequacy and CED in pregnant women (p 0,05). In conclusion, the determinants of CED include maternal age, parity, gestational age, history of infection, knowledge, energy, and protein intake.

Background: Herbal tea Is one of the herbal drinks that has been widely consumed by Indonesian people and known as tea that have functional properties, one of them is source of antioxidants. Antioxidants can be obtained from a lot of sources, such as the mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and cloves. The use of cinnamon and clove expected to increase the consumers’ preference towards this tea. Objectives: This research aims at evaluating the acceptance level of several sensory parameters of tea made of mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and clove. Methods: The experimental design used in this research was completely randomized design with three replications, resulting in 27 samples of herbal tea. Besides, the data obtained from panelists will be analyzed by using Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in SPSS 25.0 software. Results: The results show that the addition of cinnamon and cloves showed a significant difference. The more addition of spices will lower the panelist score. It can be seen in the sample containing 24 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon (B4) which had the highest panelist score in color, taste, and bitterness aspects. While the lowest panelist score was obtained by a sample containing 12 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon and cloves (A1). Conclusions: The more spices added, especially cloves will reduce the liking score. The result obtained by this research can be used for optimization of the best formula so maximum points can be known.

Previous research states that viral marketing has an important role in increasing consumer purchasing intentions, viral marketing can also encourage increased brand awareness. This research aims to analyze the relationship between Viral marketing and purchasing decisions, Brand awareness and purchasing decisions, and Viral marketing and purchasing decisions. This research method is quantitative through surveys, research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 720 selected online shop customers in Indonesia using a simple random sampling method, and the online questionnaire was designed using statement items with a Likert scale of 1 to 7. Data analysis used a structural equation model based on covariance (CB-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 software to analyze research data. The independent variables are viral marketing and brand awareness, and the dependent variable is purchasing decisions. The stages of data analysis are validity testing, reliability testing, model fit testing, and significance testing of hypothesis testing. The results of this research are that Viral marketing has a positive and significant relationship with purchasing decisions, Brand awareness has a positive and significant relationship with purchasing decisions, and Viral marketing has a positive and significant relationship with purchasing decisions. Viral marketing is one of the factors that can influence purchase intentions. Viral marketing is expected to have multiple effects because many people who receive the message can convey it to tens or even hundreds of other internet users. Brand awareness can influence consumers toward purchasing decisions, which states that brand awareness has a significant influence on purchasing decisions.

Multilingual conditions can threaten the mother tongue in a tourism area because most people use other languages when interacting with tourists. Thus, it can hamper the inheritance of the mother tongue or even replace it with another language. This study used a sociolinguistic theoretical approach to measure the mother tongue’s vitality level in a multilingual community in Dieng, Central Java. This descriptive study used a mixed method. Data were collected from interviews with 53 informants and with the help of a research instrument namely the Interview Package of “Basa Urang”. Data were analyzed based on Miles dan Huberman’s model (1984), covering data collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The study results showed that the vitality of the mother tongue in the multilingual community in Dieng, Central Java is in the vulnerable category as the mother tongue is only used in the domestic domain. This is proven by the percentage level of mother tongue use based on patterns ‘with’, patterns ‘in’, and patterns ‘for’. The main factors causing the low vitality of the mother tongue in the multilingual community in this area are economic and educational. This study describes the condition of each living language in a multilingual society in Dieng, Central Jawa. This study provides quite large implications in describing the vitality of mother tongues in a multilingual society in Dieng, Central Java, but further studies are needed to get a deeper understanding of the implications.

This study examines the classification and function of toponyms to reveal the local knowledge of Sundanese people in the western Bandung-North area. This research uses anthropological linguistic theory. The data of this research are lexicon in toponyms based on local knowledge in the western Bandung-North area. The data is sourced from several community components consisting of village elders and ordinary people. The study incorporates four methods for data collection, which are participant observation, participatory conversation observation, interviews, and documentation. These techniques are chosen based on their ability to gather comprehensive, accurate, and reliable data. The results show that there are five classifications of toponyms, namely (1) hydrological-biological characteristics, (2) hydrological-state characteristics, (3) geomorphological-biological characteristics, (4) geomorphological-state characteristics, and (5) state characteristics. This research also shows that the lexicon in toponyms in the western Bandung-North area portrays the closeness of humans to nature, humans to humans, and humans to their God. In addition, Sundanese people in the western Bandung-North area also have local knowledge about ethnoecology, which is recorded in the toponyms in the area. This local knowledge of ethnoecology has benefits as an effort to maintain the terrestrial ecosystem, which is one of the pillars of environmental development in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Tanaman lindur (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman mangrove yang dapat tumbuh pada kondisi salinitas rendah dan aerasi yang baik. Ekstrak lindur memiliki kandungan senyawa fitokimia sehingga berpotensi diaplikasikan sebagai antibakteri pada bidang pangan maupun kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi potensi antibakteri dari ekstrak daun tanaman lindur terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 dan Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Metode pengujian yang digunakan adalah ekstraksi bertingkat menggunakan proses maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan uji fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen ekstrak n-heksana, ekstrak etil asetat, dan ekstrak etanol adalah sebesar 1,93%, 3,56%, dan 7,36%. Ekstrak n-heksana mengandung steroid, triterpenoid, dan flavonoid, ekstrak etil asetat mengandung steroid, triterpenoid, flavonoid, dan fenol hidrokuinon, dan ekstrak etanol mengandung steroid, flavonoid, saponin, fenol hidrokuinon, dan tanin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya ekstrak etil asetat yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus ATCC 6538 dan bakteri E. coli ATCC 8739. Efektivitas tertinggi terdeteksi pada bakteri S. aureus ATCC 6538 yang tergolong ke dalam bakteri Gram positif, dengan diameter zona bening berkisar 3-8 mm, pada rentang jam ke-11 sampai jam ke-19. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etil asetat yang mengandung senyawa polar dan non polar dari tanaman lindur memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai antibakteri. Abstract Lindur plant (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) is one type of mangrove plant that can grow in conditions of low salinity and good aeration. Lindur extract contains phytochemical compounds so that it has the potential to be applied as an antibacterial in the food and health sectors. This study was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial potency of lindur plant leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. The test method used was stratified extraction using maceration with n-hexane solvents, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The extract obtained was then carried out phytochemical tests as well as antibacterial activity tests with the agar diffusion method. The results indicated that the yield of n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and ethanol extract were 1,93%, 3,56%, and 7,36%. N-hexane extract contains steroids, triterpenoids, and flavonoids, ethyl acetate extract contains steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenol hydroquinone, and ethanol extract contains steroids, flavonoids, saponins, phenol hydroquinone, and tannins. The result also depicted that only in ethyl acetate extract can inhibit the growth of S. aureus ATCC 6538 and E. coli ATCC 8739. The highest effectiveness was observed in the S. aureus ATCC 6538 which belongs to Gram-positive bacteria, with a clear zone diameter ranging from 3-8 mm, in the range of the 11th to the 19th hour. This study concluded that that ethyl acetate extract containing polar and nonpolar compounds from lindur plants are potential to be developed as an antibacterial.

The company's financial performance can reflect to investors how the company's management works and operates in generating profits. In this study, the type of data used is quantitative data in the form of annual financial reports of manufacturing companies in the basic and chemical industry sectors on the IDX in 2018 - 2022. This study aims to examine the relationship between Real Earning Management and Stock Return through FCFF. The sampling selected in this study used purposive sampling method and used SPSS version 25. The results showed that the direct effect of the Real Earning Management variable was not statistically significant so that it could be said that the variable had no direct effect on Stock Returns. The indirect effect of FCFF is able to mediate the influence between CFO, COGS, INV, PROOD, and DISEXP on Stock Returns. The indirect effect is formed through the direct effect between the CFO, COGS, INV, PROOD, and DISEXP variables on FCFF and the direct effect between FCFF on Stock Returns. Based on these results, it can be seen that the direct effect of CFO and DISEXP variables is not statistically significant so that it can be said that Real Earning Management has no effect on FCFF which is a measurement of the company's financial performance.

Usaha padat karya, khas batik kelurahan Dandangan kota Kediri lebih mengandalkan tenaga manusia dibandingkan mesin dalam menyelesaikan produksinya. Motif batik diciptakan oleh pemilik khas batik, proses produksinya tidak memerlukan tenaga ahli. Anak muda masa kini lebih menyerap budaya timur dan barat, minat terhadap batik rendah. Tujuan pengembangan produk batik agar anak muda menyukai batik mulai dari memakai dan bahkan membuat sehingga menarik minat anak muda terhadap produk lokal batik khas. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan analisis data non-statistik yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, tipikal UMKM di kelurahan Dandangan kota Kediri menerapkan tiga strategi pengembangan perudahaan sebagai berikut: 1. Strategi inovasi dalam mengembangkan standar produk, 2. Strategi inovasi kualitas produk, 3. Membuka program pembelajaran bagi generasi muda untuk membangkitkan rasa nasionalisme terhadap budaya membantik. Hasil menunjukkan produksi batik meningkat, kualitas batik menjadi lebih baik, rasa nasionalisme dan budaya membatik anak muda di kelurahan Dandanngan kota Kediri semakin baik.

This research aims to explore comprehensive information about the display system of the State University of Malang (UM) Educational Museum collection which contains material from a collection of historical objects from the past, as well as identifying the role and potential for the sustainability of educational museums as a source of historical learning. The research method used is a qualitative approach with exploratory study analysis. Data collection through field observations, interviews, and documentation. The research results show that the UM Education Museum's display system has its characteristics and strategies for conveying effective information to visitors. In various challenges of the times, the existence of the UM educational museum can play an important role as a source of historical learning for students and the beautiful exhibition layout can have an impact on the sustainability of the UM educational museum in the future. The implications of this research provide input for the UM Education Museum and other museums in Indonesia in presenting museum exhibition arrangements that support learning and culture as a whole. Apart from that, the results of this research provide a real contribution to increasing insight into the exhibition layout of the Education Museum for visitors.

The influence of elevation gradient has been investigated across different taxa. However, such studies are scarce for macrofungal communities. This study examined the community structure of Basidiomycota macrofungi across four elevations in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, Indonesia. Macrofungi were collected from randomly placed five 10 x 10 m plots at each altitude and identified at the genus level. The results showed that there were 32 genera belonging to 20 families. The NMDS ordination and ANOSIM confirmed that macrofungal composition and abundance do not differ between the studied altitudinal ranges.

This study aims to determine the influence of social media marketing and brand image on consumer decisions to buy Wardah brand skin care products. The population of this research is people who live in Balikpapan, Samarinda, and Bontang cities. The number of respondents is 109 who meet this research sample's criteria. This study uses structural equation modeling (SEM), which is measured using partial least squares (PLS). SmartPLS 3.0, a data processing software application tool, was used to conduct the analysis. The findings of this study indicate that brand image has an insignificant influence on customers' decisions to buy Wardah brand skin care products. This is because currently, there are many companies that are similar & offer the same benefits & functions and also because people trust customer evaluations and testimonials more than claims made unilaterally by a skin care product. Meanwhile, social media marketing significantly affects consumers' decisions to buy Wardah brand skin care products.

This research aims to find out and analyze in depth the performance of academic supervision carried out by school principals in improving teacher performance at SMP N 1 Bengkalis. The research method uses qualitative data collection techniques using observation, interviews and conclusions. The results of the research show that in planning academic supervision, information was obtained that the principal always gave authority to teachers to appreciate their innovations in teaching. The principal also visited the teacher's room. In order to check directly the state of teacher development in preparing administration. Supervision of the implementation of supervision by the school principal uses the Sigum application where with this application teachers will be given the ease of uploading data and increasing the use of science and technology. The supervision activities that will be carried out by the school principal are well structured. The implementation of academic supervision by the principal does not reduce the assessment of the principal as a supervisor who helps teachers improve teacher performance. Coaching and training is one of the forms provided by school principals which is a manifestation not of judging teachers but rather directing teachers' skills to be more capable of innovation. Preparation of syllabus, prota, process, lesson plans and preparation of effective teaching hours. Apart from that, the principal provides direction to teachers in the form of motivation for teachers, which is able to provide encouragement to develop teacher performance in their respective competencies. The role of the principal to provide input, ideas or forms of warning is a good attitude to achieve educational progress at SMP N 1 Bengkalis. Academic supervision has been carried out by the school principal through many stages, such as direct coaching, face-to-face and online (on the network). The principal also provides maximum direction at the end of the evaluation. Because there will be visible deficiencies in the learning process. These deficiencies are used to process and analyze the evaluation results. Based on the results of interviews and observations, providing guidance on learning evaluation as a form of follow-up. This guidance is carried out directly by supervisors and school principals during the evaluation. If the principal and supervisory team find teachers who are having difficulty carrying out learning evaluations, the team will try to overcome this

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada SMPN 10 Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh yang terjadi antara kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, partisipasi komite sekolah dan kompetensi guru terhadap kinerja guru serta dampaknya pada prestasi belajar siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 57 orang guru dan sampel ditentukan menggunakan teknik sensus jenuh sehingga jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 57 orang responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan memanfaatkan softwere SmartPLS versi 3.0. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru, partisipasi komite sekolah berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru, kompetensi guru berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru, kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, partisipasi komite sekolah berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, kompetensi guru berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, kinerja guru berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa melalui kinerja guru, partisipasi komite sekolah berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa melalui kinerja guru, kompetensi guru berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa melalui kinerja guru

Disclosure of carbon emissions has become a global issue amidst the increasing world climate. This issue becomes a tranding that can affect the company's performance supported by the company's environmental performance. This study aims to examine the role of environmental performance in the influence between the company's financial performance on the disclosure of carbon emissions. This research was conducted on Basic Industry and Chemical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The unit of analysis used in this study was 150 observation units. Data analysis uses multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that first: financial performance consisting of liquidity, profitability, leverage, and sales growth has a direct effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions. However, the return on equity ratio has no effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions. Second, the results show that the presence of environmental performance can not maximally encourage the disclosure of carbon emissions. Where the company can improve environmental performance if the company has better financial performance. This is indicated by the value of the direct effect of environmental performance has no effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions. However, this research is limited to basic and chemical companies, so future research can expand to companies that have a direct impact on the environment.

This study aims to develop a debriefing program for prospective physics teacher students in order to develop digital literacy-oriented learning tools through the independent learning campus program - teaching assistance program (MBKM - Teaching Assistance Program). One of the converted courses in the teaching assistant program is the development of learning tools. The debriefing model given to students is in the form of project-based debriefing. The Reeves design-based research (DBR) model was used as the research design, and the data were processed descriptively. A field needs analysis was conducted on students who had taught in schools through the analysis of learning aids and questionnaires. The participants in this study were 18 students who are prospective physics teachers and also members of the Teaching Assistance Program. The research stages are needs analysis, curriculum analysis, lesson plan design for material analysis, and learning assessment. All forms of projectbased assignments were directed at the development of digital literacy-oriented teaching materials. The results of the research were in the form of stages of debriefing, debriefing materials, and procedures for application debriefing programs. In addition, the results of the limited trial showed that students tend to have digital literacy skills in the medium category. They are already proficient with several applications in designing interesting and correct teaching materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimal quality of life (QoL) requires support from various forms of capital, including social capital. Although social capital is considered a relevant non-physical asset, its influence on meeting QoL needs has not been fully clarified. This research aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the relationship between social capital and QoL in the Sidomulyo Tourism Village, a tourism village based on ornamental plant cultivation in Indonesia. This research is important because research related to social capital and QoL is still limited. Apart from that, this research also understands how social capital can be implemented to improve community QoL. Data was collected through distributing questionnaires to 307 respondents (Head of Household). Data analysis was carried out using SEM-PLS analysis with two stages, namely outer model and inner model analysis. Research findings show that social capital as a whole has a significant influence on the QoL of the Sidomulyo Tourism Village community. Furthermore, elements of social capital, especially trust, have the strongest impact on QoL elements, especially material aspects of well-being. The implications of these findings provide valuable insights in developing policies and intervention programs to improve QoL in rural communities, especially those related to strengthening social capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For students to be able to compete and overcome challenges in the future, critical thinking is essential. The study's descriptive methodology aims to describe the students' critical thinking abilities. Every high school in a South Sulawesi district made up the research population. Based on school accreditation, with the use of a proportionate stratified random sampling technique, 150 students were chosen to comprise the research sample. The test instrument used is an essay distributed online. The indicators for the description questions are interpretation, analysis, and interpretation thinking skills. According to the study's findings, students' critical thinking abilities in static fluid material have an average score in the medium category of 73.09. In terms of school accreditation, students' physics critical thinking abilities average 73.87 for schools with A accreditation, 72.43 for schools with B accreditation, and 68.47 for schools with C accreditation. The percentage of each indicator of critical thinking skills is 34.58 in inference, 33.70 in analysis, and 31.71 in interpretation. It is anticipated that this study will give a broad picture of students' critical thinking competencies for teachers to choose and implement the most suitable stimulus to aid students in developing their critical thinking abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- This study aims to examine the moderating effect of the company size on the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure and company profitability in mining industry. Method -- This study employs multiple regression to examine the relationship between CSR disclosure and profitability using ROA and ROE proxies, with company size as a moderator. The observations were conducted on 12 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2018-2022. Result -- We found that company size moderates the relationship between CSR disclosure and company profitability, using ROA and ROE as proxies. The results indicate that CSR disclosure had a positive and significant effect on company profitability when measured with ROA proxies but did not show significance with ROE proxies. Contribution -- This research contributes by using company size variable as the moderator in the relationship between CSR disclosure and financial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Herbal tea Is one of the herbal drinks that has been widely consumed by Indonesian people and known as tea that have functional properties, one of them is source of antioxidants. Antioxidants can be obtained from a lot of sources, such as the mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and cloves. The use of cinnamon and clove expected to increase the consumers' preference towards this tea. Objectives: This research aims at evaluating the acceptance level of several sensory parameters of tea made of mixture of mangosteen pericarp, cinnamon, and clove. Methods: The experimental design used in this research was completely randomized design with three replications, resulting in 27 samples of herbal tea. Besides, the data obtained from panelists will be analyzed by using Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in SPSS 25.0 software. Results: The results show that the addition of cinnamon and cloves showed a significant difference. The more addition of spices will lower the panelist score. It can be seen in the sample containing 24 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon (B4) which had the highest panelist score in color, taste, and bitterness aspects. While the lowest panelist score was obtained by a sample containing 12 grams of mangosteen pericarp, 3 grams of cinnamon and cloves (A1). Conclusions: The more spices added, especially cloves will reduce the liking score. The result obtained by this research can be used for optimization of the best formula so maximum points can be known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of elevation gradient has been investigated across different taxa. However, such studies are scarce for macrofungal communities. This study examined the community structure of Basidiomycota macrofungi across four elevations in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, Indonesia. Macrofungi were collected from randomly placed five 10 x 10 m plots at each altitude and identified at the genus level. The results showed that there were 32 genera belonging to 20 families. The NMDS ordination and ANOSIM confirmed that macrofungal composition and abundance do not differ between the studied altitudinal ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Learning Environment of Numeracy (QLEN) which consists of 60 items. The research was conducted on 264 students in the pilot study and 566 students in the extensive stage from six junior high schools in Central Kalimantan Province Indonesia. Analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch model. The result showed that 58 items were valid and fit the Rasch model, item reliability value of 0.99 and a person reliability of 0.98. Thus, QLEN is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the numeracy learning environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of Plackett–Burman design in investigating the effect of physicochemical attributes of multispecies surimi was performed. The surimi was made from five species, added with four types of cryoprotectant and two different gelling agents, thus constructing 11 processing variables. Surimi was observed for the physico-chemical parameters including moisture, salt-soluble protein, pH, hardness, whiteness degree, and water-holding capacity and sensory evaluation. The best formulation was obtained from consisting of threadfin bream, croaker, lattice monocle bream, tilapia, sorbitol, sucrose, sodium tripolyphosphate, k-carrageenan, sodium lactate, and konjac with 15 min stirring period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every organization has efforts to improve employee performance in order to create competent personnel, so it is necessary to make efforts to support Human Resources which is the main effort of the organization in improving employee performance, this is because Human Resources is an important role holder who has responsibility big to improve it, the organization carries out socialization, training/training, work discipline, a good work environment, good work motivation for employees to increase the competence of employees who have high loyalty and responsibility to the organization. Improving the performance of human resources is also very important to pay attention to, one of which is implementing the policies of an effective leader of an organization. Case studies were carried out at the Ministry of Defense Data and Information Center. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach and employees who work in the Pusdatin environment are required to be able to shows good performance. Leadership actors play a very important role in overall efforts to improve performance, both at the individual, group and organizational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Budget absorption is the process of implementing everything that has been planned and budgeted by a public organization in realizing community welfare. This research was conducted at the Riau Regional Police with the aim of testing and analyzing 1) the effect of budget participation on budget absorption; 2) the influence of human resource competency on budget absorption; 3) the role of organizational commitment moderating the relationship between budget participation and budget absorption and 4) the role of organizational commitment moderating the relationship between human resource competence and budget absorption. The population in this study were 55 Satker/Satwil in the Riau Regional Police. The sample used was a census technique, because the entire population was sampled, namely 55 Satker/Satwil with a total of 220 respondents. The data collection technique in this research is by using a questionnaire. This research uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) method by processing data and drawing conclusions using the SmartPLS version 3.0 program. The research results show that 1) budget participation influences budget absorption in the Riau Regional Police. 2) Human resource competency influences budget absorption at the Riau Regional Police. 3) Organizational commitment moderates the influence of budget participation on budget absorption in the Riau Regional Police. 4) Organizational commitment moderates the influence of HR competency on budget absorption in the Riau Regional Police. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to determine the level of developmental tasks of high school students in Serang City. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The research method used is a survey. The sample was determined using a random cluster sampling technique. One school was selected in each sub-district in Serang City. The number of samples involved in this research was 325 high school students from six schools. The instrument used in this research is the High School Format Developmental Tasks Inventory. The results of the research show that three out of six schools in Serang City achieved level four development tasks or Self- Awareness. Three other schools reached level five or complete development. It can be concluded that high school students in Serang City have not reached the ideal level of development, namely level 6 or Individuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal (MOLM) has the potential as a protein source that might replace soybean meal. In Indonesia, soybean meal is an imported commodity whose price is high. This study aimed to analyze the use of MOLM to substitute soybean meal in complete ration on the consumption of nutrients, digested nutrients, digestibility nutrients, N balance, hematology, and ADG of Javanese Thin-Tailed Ewes (JTTE). Fifteen JTTE 2-3 years old were divided into three different levels of MOLM treatment with 5 replications. The complete ration consists of 60% concentrate and 40% Dried Ipomea Aquatica Straw (DIAS) as a source of fiber. The concentrates used are soybean meal, corn meal, pollard, copra meal, and MOLM. The composition of the treatment rations: (T1) 0% MOLM + 60% concentrate + 40% DIAS, (T2) 10% MOLM + 50% concentrate + 40% DIAS. (T3) 20% MOLM + 40% concentrate + 40% DIAS. Treatment feed was given for 2 months as much as 4% of body weight/day, and drinking water was given ad libitum. The collected data included feed consumption, feed refusal, blood, faeces, urine, and body weight. The results showed that sheep received 10% MOLM levels of increase (P<0.05) DM, OM, CF, ETN, and TDN consumption compared to controls. However, the levels of 20% decrease (P<0.05) DM, OM, CF, ETN, and TDN consumption compared to controls. Compared to controls, the 10% MOLM increase (P<0.05) digested nutrients DM, OM, ETN, and TDN. Compared to controls, the level of 10% MOLM increase (P<0.05) ETN, and TDN digestibility coefficient. Sheep that received a 10% MOLM increase (P>0.05) balance N and nitrogen retention compared to control. The 10% MOLM level increase (P<0.05) ADG compared to the 20% level and control (120 vs. 106 vs. 112 g/head/day). Sheep treated with 10% MOLM increased (P<0.05) white blood cells (WBC) than controls and those treated with 20% MOLM (10.5 vs. 6.40 vs. 7.20). It could be concluded that the level of 10% MOLM (20% soybean meal substitution) in a complete ration based on Dried Ipomea Aquatica Straw (DIAS) has a better effect on nutrient consumption, digested nutrients, retention N, hematology and ADG of JTTE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Moroccan manufacturing companies investing in the metallurgical, mechanical, and electromechanical industries sector are among the contributors to the growth of the national economy. The projects they are awarded do not have the same specific features as those of operating activities within other companies. They share several common features, making them particularly complex to fund. In such circumstances, supervised machine learning seems to be a suitable instrument to help such enterprises in their funding decisions, especially given that linear regression methods are inadequate for predicting human decision making as human thinking is a complicated system and not linear. Based on 5198 industrial projects of 53 firms operating in the said sector, four machine learning models are used to predict the funding method for some industrial projects, including are decision tree, random forest, gradient boosting, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN). Among the four machine learning methods, the gradient boosting method appears to be most effective overall, with an accuracy of 99%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's digital era, big data analytics has become a very relevant topic to improve learning personalisation as it can collect and analyse very large and complex data. Big data analytics can lead to a more efficient learning system by collecting and analysing huge and complex data. In education, big data analytics can be used to understand students' learning behaviour, their needs and preferences, so that learning and learning outcomes can be improved. This research is conducted with the aim of using big data analytics to improve learning personalisation. It also aims to find out the challenges of using big data analytics to improve learning personalisation. The method used in this research is quantitative method. This method is a way of collecting numerical data that can be tested. Data is collected through the distribution of questionnaires addressed to students. Furthermore, the data that has been collected from the distribution of the questionnaire, will be accessible in Excel format which can then be processed with SPSS. From the research results, it can be seen that the big data analysis has shown that the use of more detailed and accurate data can help teachers find students' special needs and improve learning effectiveness. As a result, teachers can create learning strategies that are better suited to students' needs and improve their learning outcomes. From this study, we can conclude that the use of big data analytics in improving personalisation allows teachers to understand better the individual needs and preferences of students, so that more suitable learning plans can be developed and student engagement can be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to develop interactive E-module learning media based on flip pdf professional that can improve students' thinking skills. The method used in this research is research and development (Research and Development) with a 4D development model consisting of 4 stages, namely define, planning, developing, and disseminating). The study was conducted on grade XI students of SMAN 6 Palu. The validity test in this study was carried out by validator lecturers and the practice test was carried out by biology teachers of SMAN 6 Palu. The analysis is carried out in a qualitative and quantitative descriptive way to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the e-modules developed. The results showed that: (1) The professional pdf flip-based interactive E-module product developed obtained a percentage of 86% and can be categorized as valid for use in biology learning, (2) The practicality of the professional pdf flip-based interactive E-module that was developed obtaineda percentage of 96% and is categorized as very practical to use in biology learning, and (3) The effectiveness of the interactive E-module based Flip PDF Professional which is developed is quite effective in improving students' creative thinking skills with N-gain medium category, interactive E-module based on flip pdf professional can be a teaching material that can improve students' creative thinking skills and collaboration skills in biology learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]