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"All the President's Men" is a film analyzed by Christian Keathley and Robert B. Ray in their book. The authors argue that the film focuses on the experience of disorientation and uncertainty rather than the outcome of the investigation. The film, which follows the reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as they investigate the Watergate scandal, recreates the feeling of being lost in a maze of clues and information. The book provides a close reading of the film's narrative structure, mise-en-scène, and cinematography, and argues for its status as an American classic. The authors also discuss the blend of art movie, classical studio-era, and New Hollywood elements in the film, as well as the deliberate choice to obscure and omit relevant story information. The book offers valuable insights for students of close reading methods and scholars of Hollywood history and style. [Extracted from the article]

"Black Women and the Changing Television Landscape" by Lisa M. Anderson is a book that examines the portrayal of Black women on television throughout history. Anderson, an associate professor of women and gender studies, builds on her previous work to explore the complex and evolving representations of Black women in media. Using a semiotic approach and drawing on the work of Black feminist scholars, Anderson analyzes specific television shows and personalities from the 1950s to the present. The book goes beyond simplistic judgments and aims to understand the historical and cultural contexts in which these representations exist, as well as the agency of Black women in shaping them. It is a valuable resource for scholars in cultural, media, and television studies. [Extracted from the article]

"The Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps: Defining Iran's Military Doctrine" by Alma Keshavarz provides a detailed analysis of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and its role in Iran's hybrid warfare strategy. The book explores the historical development of the IRGC, its relationship with the Iranian government, and its influence on domestic and foreign policies. Keshavarz argues that the IRGC has become the sole proprietor of Iran's foreign policy priorities and is deeply embedded in the Iranian economy. The book also discusses the Quds Force, the IRGC's special operations unit, and its relationship with the Supreme Leader. Keshavarz concludes by offering policy recommendations for dealing with the IRGC's hybrid warfare strategies, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and long-term approach. Overall, the book provides valuable insights for policymakers and academics studying Middle Eastern security issues. [Extracted from the article]

Executive Summary: This paper examines the staffing needs of the US Department of Justice's Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), as it seeks to eliminate an immigration court backlog, which approached 2.5 million pending cases at the end of fiscal year (FY) 2023. A previous study by the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) attributed the backlog to systemic, long-neglected problems in the broader US immigration system. This paper provides updated estimates of the number of immigration judges (IJs) and "judge teams" (IJ teams) needed to eliminate the backlog over ten and five years based on different case receipt and completion scenarios. It also introduces a data tool that will permit policymakers, administrators and researchers to make their own estimates of IJ team hiring needs based on changing case receipt and completion data. Finally, the paper outlines the pressing need for reform of the US immigration system, including a well-resourced, robust, and independent court system, particularly in light of record "encounters" of migrants at US borders in FY 2022 and 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Virtual Archaeology Review is the property of Virtual Archaeology Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper addresses the problem of imaginative resistance in science, that is, why and under what circumstances imagination sometimes resists certain scenarios. In the first part, the paper presents and discusses two accounts concerning the problem and relevant for the main thesis of this study. The first position is that of Gendler (Journal of Philosophy 97:55–81, 2000), (Gendler, in: Nichols (ed) The Architecture of the Imagination: New essays on pretence, possibility and fiction, Oxford University Press, New York, 2006a), (Gendler & Liao, in: Gibson, Carroll (eds) The routledge companion to philosophy of literature, Routledge, New York, 2016), according to which imaginative resistance mainly concerns evaluative scenarios, presenting deviant moral attitudes. The second account examined is that of Kim et al. (in: Cova, Réhault (eds) Advances in experimental philosophy of aesthetics, Bloomsbury, London, 2018), who insisted on the link between imaginative resistance on the one hand and counterfactual and counterdescriptive scenarios on the other. In the light of both theories, this paper discusses the importance of addressing the problem of imaginative resistance in the scientific enterprise in the light of some mechanisms of embodied simulation, based on the activity of mirror neurons and investigated within the framework of the Embodied Simulation Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that Ecuadorians are one of the largest groups of Hispanics living in New York, they have become a tight community that they now call little Ecuador. Although Ecuadorians living in the diaspora in NYC come from different parts of the country (mostly from the Andean region), they share the same cultural practices they performed in Ecuador that give them the sense of being in their country without bearing the instability and turmoil their country experiences. This shows how the group has fostered a sense of a multifaceted, multidimensional simultaneity between the host country and the motherland. The goal of this paper is to analyze the strategies Ecuadorian migrants use to validate their language and cultural practices to negotiate their identity as a group. Data for this paper come from ethnographic observations, semi-spontaneous conversations, oral interviews with members of the group, along with pictures taken while walking the community and participating in some of their events. Our study reveals that participants hold varying perceptions regarding their linguistic and cultural practices. However, it is noteworthy that they recognize these practices as a manifestation of Ecuadorianness, signifying a sense of solidarity among community members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of New York admitted 143 million metric tons of carbon emissions from fossil fuels in 2020, prompting the ambitious goal set by the CLCPA to achieve carbon neutrality. The paper focused on analyzing and predicting carbon emissions using four different machine-learning algorithms. It examined emissions from fossil fuel combustion from 1990 to 2020 and validated four different algorithms to choose the most effective one for predicting emissions from 2020 to 2050. The analysis covered various economic sectors including transportation, residential, commercial, industrial, and electric power. By analyzing policies, the paper forecasted emissions for 2030 and 2050, leading to the identification of different pathways to reach carbon neutrality. The research concluded that in order to achieve neutrality, radical measures must be taken by the state of New York. Additionally, the paper compared the most recent data for 2021 with the forecasts, showing that significant measures need to be implemented to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Despite some studies assuming a trend of decreased emissions, the research revealed different results. The paper presents three pathways, two of which follow the ambitious plan to reach carbon neutrality. As a result, the emission amount by 2050 for the different pathways was projected to be 31.1, 22.4, and 111.95 of MMt CO2 e, showcasing the need for urgent action to combat climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can purpose be a business catalyst? Some believe that purpose comes at the expense of performance, particularly when markets go through difficult cycles. Northwell Health has found that purpose can drive performance and can open up brand frontiers it had not anticipated. By differentiating its business in the hyper-competitive New York healthcare market, Northwell is seeing higher recall rates for advertising, higher consideration levels for services, and historic highs in likelihood to recommend and net promoter scores. Purpose can absolutely drive business performance. This paper describes the value of Movement Thinking to help get a brand purpose off the page and into the world. The paper presents Northwell's movement journey as an illustrative case study and close with seven concrete steps that brands may use in charting a movement journey of their own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Française de Géotechnique is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Several concepts that model processes of spreading (of information, disease, objects, etc.) in graphs or networks have been studied. In many contexts, we assume that some vertices of a graph G are contaminated initially, before the process starts. By the q -forcing rule, a contaminated vertex having at most q uncontaminated neighbors enforces all the neighbors to become contaminated, while by the p -percolation rule, an uncontaminated vertex becomes contaminated if at least p of its neighbors are contaminated. If given a set S of initially contaminated vertices all vertices eventually become contaminated when continuously applying the q -forcing rule (respectively the p -percolation rule), S is called a q -forcing set (respectively, a p -percolating set) in G. In this paper, we consider sets S that are at the same time q -forcing sets and p -percolating sets, and call them (p , q) -spreading sets. Given positive integers p and q , the minimum cardinality of a (p , q) -spreading set in G is a (p , q) -spreading number, σ (p , q) (G) , of G. While q -forcing sets have been studied in a dozen of papers, the decision version of the corresponding graph invariant has not been considered earlier, and we fill the gap by proving its NP-completeness. This, in turn, enables us to prove the NP-completeness of the decision version of the (p , q) -spreading number in graphs for an arbitrary choice of p and q. Again, for every p ∈ N and q ∈ N ∪ { ∞ } , we find a linear-time algorithm for determining the (p , q) -spreading number of a tree, where in the case p ≥ 2 we apply Riedl's algorithm from [Largest and smallest minimal percolating sets in trees, Electron. J. Combin. 19 (2012) Paper 64] on p -percolation in trees. In addition, we present a lower and an upper bound on the (p , q) -spreading number of a tree and characterize extremal families of trees. In the case of square grids, we combine some results of Bollobás from [The Art of Mathematics: Coffee Time in Memphis. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2006], and the AIM Minimum Rank-Special Graphs Work Group from [Zero forcing sets and the minimum rank of graphs, Linear algebra Appl. 428 2008 1628–1648], and new results on (2 , 1) -spreading and (4 , q) -spreading to obtain σ (p , q) (P m □ P n) for all (p , q) ∈ (N ∖ { 3 }) × (N ∪ { ∞ }) and all m , n ∈ N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Super-Humeans (Esfeld and Deckert, 2017. A Minimalist Ontology of the Natural World. New York: Routledge) argue that the most parsimonious ontology of the natural world compatible with our best physical theories consists exclusively of particles and the distance relations between them. This paper argues by contrast that Super-Humean reduction goes insufficiently far, by showing there to be a more parsimonious ontology compatible with physics: Ultimate-Humeanism. This novel view posits an ontology consisting solely of the particles and distance relations required for the existence of a single brain. Super-Humeans impose conditions on what counts as an ontology of the natural world to avoid their view slipping into this kind of ontology, but these conditions are arbitrarily imposed and once this is exposed, Super-Humeans face a dilemma. Either they can embrace Ultimate-Humeanism as the minimal ontology of the natural world compatible with physics, or (more likely) they can rethink the methodology that got them there. Overall, this paper argues that Super-Humeanism currently lacks principled motivation, outlines a framework for naturalistic ontological reductions, and exposes the consequences of unchecked adherence to a simplicity-driven methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how Australian youth climate activists experiencing ecoanxiety overcome obstacles and frustrations in their climate action initiatives by exercising meaningful political agency in the marketplace. It briefly outlines how their concerns about climate change inaction galvanised and continue to drive their engagement in climate politics, reflecting fears and anxieties about their own and the planet’s future. Despite this growing interest and engagement in climate politics, however, the efficacy of political consumerism as a strategy, particularly among young people, remains largely unexplored [Micheletti, M. 2010. Political Virtue and Shopping Individuals, Consumerism, and Collective Action. New York: Palgrave Macmillan], with limited research on their consumption habits and behaviours [Kyroglou, G., and M. Henn. 2022. “Young Political Consumers between the Individual and the Collective: Evidence from the UK and Greece.” Journal of Youth Studies 25 (6): 833–853. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.2012139]. Thus, this paper investigates how young activists in the study, despite their vulnerabilities and experiences of ecoanxiety, endeavour to address structural imbalances linked to climate change through political consumerist initiatives. Utilising in-depth interviews and a photo-elicitation exercise with ten participants aged 18–35, the 2022 Australian study examines youth activism and the interplay between political consumption, views on hope and sustainable lifestyle choices. It reveals that environmentally conscious consumption patterns such as buycotting, boycotting, engaging in discursive actions, and embracing lifestyle politics that young activists engage in serve as a source of hope for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The field of Medicines Development faces a continuous need for educational evolution to match the interdisciplinary and global nature of the pharmaceutical industry. This paper discusses the outcomes of a 7-year collaboration between King's College London and the Global Medicines Development Professionals (GMDP) Academy, which aimed to address this need through a blended e-learning program. Methods: The collaboration developed a comprehensive curriculum based on the PharmaTrain syllabus, delivered through a combination of asynchronous and synchronous e-learning methods. The program targeted a diverse range of professionals serving in areas related to Medical Affairs. Results: Over seven annual cohorts, 682 participants from eighty-six countries were enrolled in the program. The program's effectiveness was assessed using Kirkpatrick's model, showing elevated levels of satisfaction (over 4.0 on a five-point scale), suggesting significant gains in competence at the cognitive level and leveraged performance. Notably, 70% of responding alumni reported significant improvement in their functions, corroborated by 30% of their supervisors. The further long-term impact of the program on their respective organization has not been established. Discussion: The GMDP Academy's program has significantly contributed to lifelong learning in Medicines Development, addressing educational gaps and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. Its success highlights the importance of continuous education in keeping pace with the industry's evolving demands and underscores the potential of blended learning in achieving educational objectives in pharmaceutical medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Following the removal of lead from gasoline, paint and pipes were thought to be the main sources of lead exposure in the United States. However, consumer products, such as certain spices, ceramic and metal cookware, traditional health remedies, and cultural powders, are increasingly recognized as important sources of lead exposure across the United States. OBJECTIVE: This paper reviews data from four US jurisdictions that conduct in-home investigations for children with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) to examine the prevalence of lead exposures associated with consumer products, in comparison with housing-related sources. METHODS: Authors reviewed investigation data (2010–2021) provided by California, Oregon, New York City, and King County, Washington, and compared the extent of lead exposures associated with housing-related vs. consumer products–related sources. DISCUSSION: The proportion of investigations identifying consumer products–related sources of lead exposure varied by jurisdiction (range: 15%– 38%). A review of US CDC and US FDA alerts and New York City data indicates that these types of lead-containing products are often sourced internationally, with many hand carried into the United States during travel. Based on surveillance data, we believe that US immigrant and refugee communities are at an increased risk for lead exposures associated with these products. To engage health authorities, there is a need for evidentiary data. We recommend implementing a national product surveillance database systematically tracking data on consumer products tested by childhood lead poisoning prevention programs. The data repository should be centralized and accessible to all global stakeholders, including researchers and governmental and nongovernmental agencies, who can use these data to inform investigations. Effectively identifying and addressing the availability of lead-containing consumer products at their source can focus resources on primary prevention, reducing lead exposures for users abroad and in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In statistical process control, accurately estimating in-control (IC) parameters is crucial for effective monitoring. This typically requires a Phase I analysis to obtain estimates before monitoring commences. The traditional "fixed" estimate (FE) approach uses these estimates exclusively, while the "adaptive" estimate (AE) approach updates the estimates with each new observation. Such extreme criteria reflect the traditional bias-variance tradeoff in the framework of the sequential parameter learning schemes. This paper proposes an intermediate update rule that generalizes two ad hoc criteria for monitoring univariate Gaussian data, by giving a lower probability to parameter updates when an out-of-control (OC) situation is likely, therefore updating more frequently when there is no evidence of an OC scenario. The simulation study shows that this approach improves the detection power for small and early shifts, which are commonly regarded as a weakness of control charts based on fully online adaptive estimation. The paper also shows that the proposed method performs similarly to the fully adaptive procedure for larger or later shifts. The proposed method is illustrated by monitoring the sudden increase in ICU counts during the 2020 COVID outbreak in New York. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the 1970s, a drive towards the diversification of mediums available to artists led to artists working across numerous mediums not usually associated with visual art. While some came to work with sound as a central focus in their practice, most used sound as a medium to be employed in particular artworks for conceptual purposes. The paper is focused on five audio and sound exhibitions presented in New York City between 1978 and 1984. These large group exhibitions were held in alternative art spaces and not-for-profit art galleries and have received little critical attention beyond reviews published in local newspapers and art magazines. As such, these exhibitions have all but disappeared from the history of sound in art and from art history in general. I will argue that this cluster of group shows signal to an emergent practice that was moving past the post-medium condition and conceptual art towards the postmodernism of the 1980s. These exhibitions point to an understanding of sound as a medium of visual art that is at odds with contemporary scholarship in the sonic arts, which favours a music-based understanding of approaches to sound within the art gallery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the US, over 50% of suicide deaths are by firearm injury. Studies have found that limiting access to firearms, including storing them temporarily outside of the home or locking and unloading them securely at home, helps prevent suicide. Family members and other loved ones are in a unique position to encourage secure firearm storage. This paper describes the development of a workshop to empower loved ones of individuals at risk for suicide to discuss secure firearm storage in New York State. Methods: Using a multistakeholder engagement framework, we partnered with New York State county-level suicide prevention coalitions, local firearms experts, and other stakeholders to develop a 90-min workshop addressing secure firearm storage for suicide prevention. Pilot workshops were co-facilitated by a suicide prevention coalition member and a local firearms expert. Feedback gathered via surveys from workshop attendees and interviews with workshop co-facilitators were used to revise workshop content and inform dissemination. Following pilot workshops, a 1-day training event was held for potential future facilitators, and survey data were collected to assess trainee experiences and interest in facilitating future workshops. Data analysis included rapid qualitative analysis of interviews and statistical analysis of survey responses about acceptability of workshop. Results: Four pilot workshops included a total of 23 attendees. Pilot workshop attendees endorsed willingness and confidence to discuss secure firearm storage with a family member or loved one. The training event included 42 attendees, of which 26 indicated interest in facilitating a workshop within the next year. Co-facilitators agreed on several key themes, including the importance of having a "trusted messenger" deliver the firearms portion of the workshop, keeping the conversation focused on firearm safety for suicide prevention, and developing interventions that reflect firearm owning community's culture. Conclusions: Consistent with a public health approach to suicide prevention, this study leveraged a multistakeholder engagement framework to develop a community-based workshop empowering loved ones of individuals at risk for suicide to discuss secure firearm storage. The workshop will be disseminated across New York State. We noted positive and collaborative relationships across stakeholder groups, and willingness to facilitate the workshop among both suicide prevention and firearm stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Death and dying are woven throughout the work of home care aides, and yet the care they provide at the end of life (EOL) remains poorly understood. This is due in part to the multiple circumstances under which aides provide EOL care. In this paper, we elucidate the EOL care experiences of aides working in home care agencies in New York City. We conducted in-depth interviews with 29 home care aides, and we analyzed these data using inductive, team-based methods. Our findings show that aides may not be aware of or accept a client's EOL status, and they may avoid EOL care. These conditions shape EOL care, and we detail the committed forms of care aides provide when they are aware and accepting. We recommend improved training, support systems, and policy change to enhance aides' contributions to EOL care, while protecting aides' health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing researchers are often interested in estimating causal effects when a randomized experiment is infeasible. The synthetic control (SC) method has emerged as a powerful tool in these quasiexperimental settings. It is important to verify the SC parallel pretrends assumption, the testable part of the identifying assumption, because its violation may lead to biased estimates. However, no formal test exists, so researchers have to rely on visual inspection. Even with a formal test, researchers still need to know how to balance the bias-efficiency trade-off for the estimate. We fill this void and advance the two-step synthetic control (TSSC) approach that comprises a formal test for the SC pretrends assumption in the first step and recommends an appropriate method that balances the dual goal of reducing bias and increasing efficiency in the second step. Simulations show that the TSSC approach performs favorably in the bias-variance (bias-efficiency) trade-off. Applying the TSSC approach, we find that New York State's repeal of the tampon tax caused a positive and significant (2.08%) increase in weekly tampon sales. Using theory, simulations, and empirics, we demonstrate the importance, validity, and usefulness of the TSSC approach. This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4878. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a critical perspective on the use of conversational agents (CAs) with children at home. Drawing on interviews with eleven parents of pre-school children living in Norway, we illustrate the ways in which parents resisted the values epitomised by CAs. We problematise CAs' attributes in light of parents' ontological perceptions of what it means to be human and outline how their attitudes correspond to Bourdieu's [1998a. Acts of Resistance. New York: New Press] concept of acts of resistance. For example, parents saw artificial conversation designed for profit as a potential threat to users' autonomy and the instant gratification of CAs as a threat to children's development. Parents' antecedent beliefs map onto the ontological tensions between human and non-human attributes and challenge the neoliberal discourse by demanding freedom and equality for users rather than productivity and economic gain. Parents' comments reflect the belief that artificial conversation with a machine inappropriately and ineffectively mimics a nuanced and intimate human-to-human experience in service of profit motives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on transportation worldwide. Significant decreases in transportation across all modes were evident and sustained as governments worldwide implemented various countrywide closures and quarantine restrictions to slow the spread of the virus. This paper quantifies and assesses daily vehicle counts by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classifications during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York and Florida throughout 2020. The study found that duringMarch and April of 2020, traffic among all investigated FHWA categories was significantly reduced in both Florida and New York. However, commodity carriers in both states were able to recover faster and remained more consistent than passenger vehicles. This pattern was also observed in both urban and rural communities in Florida. The findings of this work demonstrate how commodity carrier movements, assessed through FHWA vehicle category counts, were less impacted by the governmental restrictions during the pandemic than passenger transportation. While overall traffic volume dropped by more than half in most places at the height of the pandemic, larger commodity-carrying vehicles remained nearly unchanged from the prior year by June of 2020. This was likely because of the critical need to maintain trucking movements to sustain populations. Understanding how truck traffic and freight movements more broadly were impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical in preserving the continuity of service and preventing supply shortages in the event of future outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portfolio optimization involves finding the ideal combination of securities and shares to reduce risk and increase profit in an investment. To assess the impact of risk in portfolio optimization, we utilize a significant volatility risk measure series. Behavioral finance biases play a critical role in portfolio optimization and the efficient allocation of stocks. Regret, within the realm of behavioral finance, is the feeling of remorse that causes hesitation in making significant decisions and avoiding actions that could lead to poor investment choices. This behavior often leads investors to hold onto losing investments for extended periods, refusing to acknowledge mistakes and accept losses. Ironically, by evading regret, investors may miss out on potential opportunities. in this paper, our purpose is to compare investment scenarios in the decision-making process and calculate the amount of regret obtained in each scenario. To accomplish this, we consider volatility risk metrics and utilize stochastic optimization to identify the most suitable scenario that not only maximizes yield in the investment portfolio and minimizes risk, but also minimizes resulting regret. To convert each multi-objective model into a single objective, we employ the augmented epsilon constraint (AEC) method to establish the Pareto efficiency frontier. As a means of validating the solution of this method, we analyze data spanning 20, 50, and 100 weeks from 150 selected stocks in the New York market based on fundamental analysis. The results show that the selection of the mad risk measure in the time horizon of 100 weeks with a regret rate of 0.104 is the most appropriate research scenario. this article recommended that investors diversify their portfolios by investing in a variety of assets. This can help reduce risk and increase overall returns and improve financial literacy among investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a swell neural network (SNN) algorithm was proposed for solving time-varying path query (TVPQ) problems with privacy protection with the following goals: (i) querying the K-nearest paths with time limitations in a time-varying scenario, and (ii) protecting private information from neighborhood attacks. The proposed SNN is a network in which the optimal paths can be calculated at the same time with no need for training. For TVPQ, a node is considered a neuron, and time-varying means that an edge has different costs in different time windows. For SNN, the query paths are swell sets from the start to the target within an upper limit. An encrypted index is designed for privacy protection. The evaluation of the efficiency and accuracy of the SNN was carried out based on New York road instances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Of concern is a problem of strain gradient porous elastic theory with nonlinear damping terms, whose constitutive equations contain higher-order derivatives of the displacement in the basic postulates. The paper is based on the theory of 'consistency' due to Aouadi et al. [J. Therm. Stress. 43(2)(2020), 191–209] and Ieşan [American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings, 1329 (2011), 130–149], and contains four results. We firstly show that the system is global well posed by using maximal monotone operator. The second main result is the existence of global attractors which is proved by the method developed by Chueshov and Lasiecka [Long-time behavior of second order evolution equations with nonlinear damping. Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. vol. 195, no. 912, Providence, 2008; Von Karman evolution equations: well-posedness and long-time dynamics. Springer Monographs in Mathematics, Springer, New York, 2010]. By showing the system is gradient and asymptotically smooth, we establish the existence of global attractors with finite fractal dimension via a stabilizability inequality. Then we study the continuity of global attractors regarding the parameter in a residual dense set. The above results allow the damping terms with polynomial growth. Finally we discuss the exponential decay and global boundedness to the linear case of damping terms of the system. The assumption of equal-speed wave propagations is not needed for all of results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition ecologies, namely ecotones, are where life started. Deltas, estuaries, bayous, and wetlands are places where different ecosystems merge and evolutionary processes take place. This paper explores three time periods in four coastal cities to look at the relationship between environmental values and urban expansionist paradigms through reclamation projects. It argues that these thresholds, occurring contemporaneously in expanding metropolitan regions, correspond to changing conceptualizations of urban–nature relationships, in other words urban core's changing relationships to fringe ecosystems. The metropolitan regions used as case studies for this piece are Mumbai, Amsterdam, New York, and Tokyo. Each has used reclamation as a grand expansion strategy during political or economic transitions. During each grand alteration attempt in these regions, the developers, reclamation enthusiasts, or urban planners revisited the city's immediate ecological fringe for expansion, and following these revisitations, a new geographical order formed in their subsequent regions. The urban fringe has become the socio-spatial zone where new and experimental ideas about urban development encounter complex natural systems. The land-use negotiations and reclamation's role in shaping the urban–nature relationships are missing pieces of the planning field. Any future looking climate resiliency plan today should build on the reading of this palimpsest and understand how these environmental values were traded and how global expansion narratives transformed the urban–nature gradient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to forecast New York and Los Angeles gasoline spot prices on a daily frequency. The dataset includes gasoline prices and a big set of 128 other relevant variables spanning the period from 17 February 2004 to 26 March 2022. These variables were fed to three tree-based machine learning algorithms: decision trees, random forest, and XGBoost. Furthermore, a variable importance measure (VIM) technique was applied to identify and rank the most important explanatory variables. The optimal model, a trained random forest, achieves a mean absolute percent error (MAPE) in the out-of-sample of 3.23% for the New York and 3.78% for the Los Angeles gasoline spot prices. The first lag, AR (1), of gasoline is the most important variable in both markets; the top five variables are all energy-related. This paper can strengthen the understanding of price determinants and has the potential to inform strategic decisions and policy directions within the energy sector, making it a valuable asset for both industry practitioners and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we extend the optional randomized response technique (ORRT) developed by Chaudhuri and Mukerjee [Optionally randomized response techniques. Bull. Calcutta Statist. Assoc. 1985;34:225–230; Randomized response: theory and techniques. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1988] to the situation of estimating the proportion of two sensitive characteristics and their overlap. Lee, Sedory and Singh [Estimating at least seven measures of qualitative variables from a single sample using randomized response technique. Stat Prob Lett. 2013;83(1):399–409; Estimation of odds ratio, attributable risk, relative risk, correlation coefficient and other parameters using randomized response techniques. Behaviormetrika. 2021;48:371–392.] have shown that their crossed model performs better than their simple model from an efficiency point of views. Here we investigated a further improvement in the crossed model along the lines of Chaudhuri and Mukerjee [Optionally randomized response techniques. Bull. Calcutta Statist. Assoc. 1985;34:225–230; Randomized response: theory and techniques. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1988]. New unbiased estimators are proposed, their variance expressions are derived and estimators of variances are suggested. Lastly, we carry out a simulation study to investigate the behaviour of the proposed estimators with respect to their competitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we assess factors that underlie the relationship between gardening and improved mental health and food security outcomes among displaced people. Drawing on a mixed method study of refugee gardeners in New York, we argue that a food sovereignty framework better incorporates crucial factors such as cultural appropriateness of food, autonomy over food choices, and promotion of health and community, as compared with a food security analysis. We draw commonalities between Indigenous food sovereignty scholarship and the resettled refugee experience, making connections across conceptual and material divisions in scholarly literature and funding institutions. Our work helps researchers and practitioners understand the impacts of gardening on social and material outcomes for displaced people, and suggests global linkages between dispossessed immigrant and Indigenous peoples' food sovereignty movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debreu (American Economic Review 50:186–188, 1960) famously criticized Luce (Individual choice behavior, Wiley, New York, 1959) choice model with what became known as the red-bus blue-bus example: if a choice set contains two distinct alternatives C (car) and B (blue bus) then adding a third alternative A (red bus) that is essentially identical to B does not affect the choice probability of C but reduces the choice probability of B by half. Debreu's critique highlights the existence of substitution effects violating the principle of independence from irrelevant alternatives—the cornerstone of Luce (Individual choice behavior, Wiley, New York, 1959) choice model. This paper weakens this principle to construct a model of probabilistic choice satisfying Debreu's critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers an infinitely repeated three-player zero-sum game with two-sided incomplete information, in which an informed player plays two zero-sum games simultaneously at each stage against two uninformed players. This is a generalization of the model in Aumann et al. (Repeated games with incomplete information. MIT Press, New York, 1995) of two-player zero-sum one-sided incomplete information games. Under a correlated prior, the informed player faces the problem of how to optimally disclose information among two uninformed players in order to maximize his long-term average payoffs (i.e., undiscounted payoffs). Our objective is to understand the adverse effects of "information spillover" from one game to the other in the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player. We provide conditions under which the informed player can fully overcome such adverse effects and characterize equilibrium payoffs. In a second result, we show how the effects of information spillover on the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player might be severe. Finally, we compare our findings on the equilibrium-payoff set of the informed player with those of Bayesian Persuasion models with multiple receivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does our food for thought come virtually from the internet? When we take a long view, the instant stroke of a keyboard pales in comparison to the centuries-old evolution of real food harvesting and the generation and exchange of ideas, which have resulted in creative capital. The vernacular architecture of the agricultural built environment has almost dematerialized in its transition from the ancient pre-industrial era to the post-truth world, to become almost only an imagined concept. The symbology of the common threshing terrace of a Portuguese remote mountain village can now be found in multiple spaces of the urban realm, including in the metaphor of a community arts incubator's modus operandi in Albany, New York (USA). How has the concept of food for thought developed and materialized? How has it evolved? And what are some of the expected ways it might be utilized in the future? The purpose of the paper is to trace the evolution of this concept and its elements via the BLC Framework. The methodology employs a time analysis of approximately three centuries to distinguish three distinct evolutionary phases: (i) the pre-industrial era, (ii) the industrial era, and (iii) the information-driven era. The key finding is an up-to-date discussion of the food for thought concept in two distinct geographical worlds and three-time eras, as well as a set of lessons learned according to a protest poem and a rock song. The results are presented in the form of five lessons learned with implications for public policy: the first two lessons pertain to issues of procedural justice as encapsulated in the anonymous 'The Goose' poem, while the last three result from a discussion of selected verses in Nick Cave's 'Fable of the Brown Ape' rock song. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation, in recent years, has attracted an extensive amount of attention from the academic community. RNN-based methods cannot establish effective long-term dependencies among the input sequences when capturing the user's motion patterns, resulting in inadequate exploitation of user preferences. Besides, the majority of prior studies often neglect high-order neighborhood information in users' check-in trajectory and their social relationships, yielding suboptimal recommendation efficacy. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel Double-Layer Attention Network model, named DLAN. Firstly, DLAN incorporates a multi-head attention module that can combine first-order and high-order neighborhood information in user check-in trajectories, thereby effectively and parallelly capturing both long- and short-term preferences of users and overcoming the problem that RNN-based methods cannot establish long-term dependencies between sequences. Secondly, this paper designs a user similarity weighting layer to measure the influence of other users on the target users leverage the social relationships among them. Finally, comprehensive experiments are conducted on user check-in data from two cities, New York (NYC) and Tokyo (TKY), and the results demonstrate that DLAN achieves a performance in Accuracy and Mean Reverse Rank enhancement by 8.07% -36.67% compared to the state-of-the-art method. Moreover, to investigate the effect of dimensionality and the number of heads of the multi-head attention mechanism on the performance of the DLAN model, we have done sufficient sensitivity experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban traffic demand forecasting is an important component in the implementation of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Urban traffic demand data is a spatiotemporal data, describing the amount of traffic demand generated by different areas or stations within a city along the time dimension. Although there has been considerable research work, researchers still face several challenges in predicting accurately, including the capture of hidden features in the temporal dimension of such spatiotemporal data, and the capture of dynamic dependent changes in the spatial dimension. These are even more difficult for long‐time series prediction tasks. This paper designs a multivariate temporal forecasting model specifically adapted to traffic demand to address these challenges, called the Gated Spatiotemporal Graph Attention Network (GSTGAT). GSTGAT is based on the Transformer framework and the whole model is used in an end‐to‐end manner. First of all, it uses the gated self‐attention to extract temporal features in the sequence. Secondly, graph attention is used to capture the spatial dependencies among different variables in the unstructured space. Finally, the use of gated recurrent units in combination with hidden spatial states is proposed to capture multiple levels of spatial dependencies. Experimental results on the taxi dataset in New York and the bicycle dataset in San Francisco Bay Area show that the authors' proposed model outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art models and improves the prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major application of the inverse scattering and tomography methods is imaging all types of structural, physical, chemical and biological features of matter. The term vortex beam refers to a beam of electromagnetic radiation, electrons, photons or others—whose phase changes in corkscrew-like manner along the direction of propagation. The paper is devoted to the use of scalar Bessel beams of integer and fractional mode for the reconstruction of scattering potential. In practical applications, one naturally deals with Bessel beams truncated in the radial direction. The inversion formula for truncated Bessel beams is also obtained. Instead of the conventional Fourier diffraction theorem (Kak and Slaney in Principles of computerized tomographic imaging, SIAM, New York, 2001), the relations connecting the scattered field and the scattering potential in the Fourier space are obtained in the explicit form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the first-order system space–time formulation of the heat equation introduced by Bochev and Gunzburger (in: Bochev and Gunzburger (eds) Applied mathematical sciences, vol 166, Springer, New York, 2009), and analyzed by Führer and Karkulik (Comput Math Appl 92:27–36, 2021) and Gantner and Stevenson (ESAIM Math Model Numer Anal 55(1):283–299 2021), with solution components (u 1 , u 2) = (u , - ∇ x u) . The corresponding operator is boundedly invertible between a Hilbert space U and a Cartesian product of L 2 -type spaces, which facilitates easy first-order system least-squares (FOSLS) discretizations. Besides L 2 -norms of ∇ x u 1 and u 2 , the (graph) norm of U contains the L 2 -norm of ∂ t u 1 + div x u 2 . When applying standard finite elements w.r.t. simplicial partitions of the space–time cylinder, estimates of the approximation error w.r.t. the latter norm require higher-order smoothness of u 2 . In experiments for both uniform and adaptively refined partitions, this manifested itself in disappointingly low convergence rates for non-smooth solutions u. In this paper, we construct finite element spaces w.r.t. prismatic partitions. They come with a quasi-interpolant that satisfies a near commuting diagram in the sense that, apart from some harmless term, the aforementioned error depends exclusively on the smoothness of ∂ t u 1 + div x u 2 , i.e., of the forcing term f = (∂ t - Δ x) u . Numerical results show significantly improved convergence rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global Forecast System (GFS), North American Mesoscale Forecast System (NAM), and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) 2-m temperature, 10-m wind speed, and precipitation accumulation forecasts initialized at 1200 UTC are verified against New York State Mesonet (NYSM) observations from 1 January 2018 through 31 December 2021. NYSM observations at 126 site locations are used to calculate standard error statistics (e.g., forecast error, root-mean-square error) for temperature and wind speed and contingency table statistics for precipitation across forecast hours, meteorological seasons, and regions. The majority of the focus is placed on the first 18 forecast hours to allow for comparison among all three models. A daily NYSM station-mean temperature error analysis identified a slight cold bias at temperatures below 25°C in the GFS, a cool-to-warm bias as forecast temperatures warm in the HRRR, and a warm bias at temperatures above 30°C in each model. Differences arise when considering temperature biases with respect to lead times and seasons. Wind speeds are overforecast at all ranges in each season, and forecast wind speeds ≥ 18 m s−1 are rarely observed. Performance diagrams indicate overall good forecast performance at precipitation thresholds of 0.1–1.5 mm, but with a high frequency bias in the GFS and NAM. This paper provides an overview of deterministic forecast performance across New York State, with the aim of sharing common biases associated with temperature, wind speed, and precipitation with operational forecasters and is the first step in developing a real-time model forecast uncertainty prediction tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic inequality is a significant and growing issue in the U.S., particularly within Black communities. Improving Black entrepreneurship is critical to addressing the economic gaps. In this paper, we discuss a unique, newly established educational program focused on cannabis education at Medgar Evers College (MEC) in New York. One of the goals of the new program is to increase Black entrepreneurship in the rapidly growing cannabis industry. For decades, cannabis use and distribution were criminal offenses that led to the disproportionate incarceration of Black individuals compared to White individuals. As it is being decriminalized across the country, and medical and recreational use spreads, the tool formerly used for Black incarceration can now become a tool for advancing Black entrepreneurship. To work and/or operate a venture in the cannabis industry requires students to understand a range of issues and build a strong foundation of broad knowledge. We discuss the emerging curricula and illustrate some of the elements that will help spur successful new venture creation led by Black and minority entrepreneurs in this exciting new field. Some early successes and lessons learned are discussed, which can help other educational institutions looking to create or improve their own cannabis-related curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiential learning in Master of Social Work (MSW) programs can be an instrumental pedagogical method of juxtaposing theoretical knowledge with tangible hands-on approaches, enhancing student experience through incorporating curriculum beyond classroom settings. This paper seeks to employ the use of educational theorist David Kolb's Theory of Experiential Learning as the pedagogical framework to explore the impact of a community partnership with an upstate New York organ donation organization on master level social work students. Furthermore, this paper pursues an increased understanding of experiential learning and factors connecting social work theoretical concepts with the learning process in MSW programming. Student discussions voiced and illuminated a deeper understanding of macrocommunity concepts and demonstrated skills reflecting EPAS. Students' responses to participation in the experiential learning activity were emotional, compelling, and profound. Common areas of understanding gained by students were a clear awareness of the need for social work advocacy, measures to address social justice, and increased education for organ donations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to the growing consensus of voices who articulate how the newfound North American consciousness around "anti-Asian hate" must connect individual acts of violence to structural forms of state and white supremacist violence. Focusing on the policing of Asian massage work, the essay argues that this unique human-itarian commitment reflects the slow economic violence of rescue. It contextualizes the 2021 Atlanta massage murders alongside the work of Red Canary Song (RCS), a grassroots coalition of migrant massage workers, sex workers, and allies organizing against the policing of massage work in New York. The essay echoes an abolitionist call to not only dismantle policing and punishment mechanisms—as these forms of policing have penetrated most aspects of civilian life—but demands the urgency to build a vast network of community resources coupled with imaginative ways of organizing. Abolitionist feminist frameworks must necessarily encompass economic justice, migrant justice, housing justice, and language justice to name a few. One strategy espoused by RCS builds worker power and the capacity for organizing towards the decriminalization of poverty, migration, and low-wage informal and sex work alike. For Asian migrant workers, the fight for justice is not only about the resources needed to live, sleep, and work safely, it is also about changing the deep-seated mix of paternalism and resentment that refuses to acknowledge Asian working-class communities to ability to make choices within constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to conceptually integrate business to consumer (B2C) into business to business (B2B), with a holistic consumer-centric, technology-reinforced, long-term vision for tourism industries and companies to survive and succeed in the era of new technologies 4.0. The research suggests that the tourism-marketing-new technologies decision-making involves customers as the center of the design and decision process. Design/methodology/approach: The research design includes a qualitative study with 94 in-depth interviews, a literature analysis and a conceptual proposition. The qualitative study follows the tourism consumer desire data analysis, from categorization to integration. The literature analysis applies a systematic literature review approach based on the 29 most up-to-date new-tech papers from peer-reviewed journals. The analysis compares qualitative research findings and literature analysis results and matches the new technology applications with consumer desire understanding. The conceptual framework of tourism marketing/advertising is proposed based on qualitative research and literature analysis. Findings: The qualitative research deciphers that consumers, based on their imagination and memorization, desire therapy and sceneries and connect such desires to the empathetic and resonating advertising messages. The literature analysis synthesizes the new tech applications in tourism and matches the qualitative research findings with the deciphered desires in tourism. The conceptual model proposes that B2C should be integrated into B2B to provide value for both consumers and businesses and opens avenues of research on this topic. Research limitations/implications: This research has made the following theoretical contributions: it offers an in-depth understanding of consumer desire, often hidden or subconscious, in the field of tourism. Consumer desires regarding tourism are mostly subconscious and exist long before consumers are exposed to advertising messages. These desires reflect the search for therapy and sceneries and become "embodied" – they exist on multisensorial levels and become part of the body and life and will lead consumers into positive perceptions when marketing communications/advertisements resonate with them. In the latter case, they will subjectively judge advertising as "good," regardless of the advertising design quality. The research also connects consumer research with a new technologies research review and proposes a conceptual framework to integrate business to consumer (B2C) with business to business (B2B). As such, the research makes theoretical contributions to the integration or the "boundary blurring" between B2C and B2B research and practical suggestions that involved industries and consumers may all benefit from such integration. Conceptually, there is a lack of discussions of the pitfalls of new technologies, a dearth of empirical verification of the applications of new technologies in the proposed fields and a shortage of discussions about ethical issues. Qualitative methods, offering an efficient tool for understanding consumer desires in the tourism industry, have their own limits, as discussed in previous research. The sample is limited to the state of New York population and may be influenced by geographic, demographic and psychological characteristics related to the region. Practical implications: This research provides advertising practitioners, new technology innovators and tourism industries with a framework to face the combined challenges of understanding hidden consumer desires and applying adequate technologies that resonate with consumer desires to tackle relevant issues. The conceptual proposition of this research fills the gap between qualitative consumer research without concrete practical resolution and new technologies applications without in-depth consumer understanding. Through the conceptual framework, the author provides insights into how industries may benefit from consumer understanding. The business relationships among the industries of marketing, tourism and new technologies should be centered around consumers. Thus, B2C and B2B should be naturally integrated into business practices. Social implications: Social implications of this research include three major points: first, the understanding of consumer desire for therapeutic power in tourism, which invites more attention to tourism as part of social well-being design instead of a purely for-profit business. Second, a profound comprehension of what consumers need and desire, without which the applications of new technologies may cause severe societal problems. Third, a way to tailor to consumers' individuality and desires for advertising/marketing that may be considered abusive, stressful and socially destructive if applied in a nonpersonal manner. Originality/value: Conceptually, this research adds consumer desire, an originally B2C concept, to the B2B context regarding the new technology applications in tourism marketing/advertising. It contributes to the B2B literature by proposing a strong consumer-centric approach, especially the consumer desire understanding, that is not yet investigated in the B2B literature; and a combination of empirical study and literature analysis and the matching of the two for better practice of advertising/marketing, tourism and new technologies applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce taxi ridership between the Federal Reserve (Fed) Bank of New York and large financial institutions headquartered in New York City as a novel proxy for Fed–bank face-to-face interactions. We document a negative relation between past Fed–bank interactions and future stock market returns, particularly on days around the Fed's public announcements. We also find significantly elevated Fed–bank interactions immediately following the lifting of the Federal Open Market Committee blackout. Our findings suggest that the Fed increases its information gathering via face-to-face interactions when it possesses negative private information about the condition of the economy. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance. Funding: This work was supported by the Muma College of Business Center for Analytics and Creativity at the University South Florida, the George Stigler Center for the Study of the Economy and the State, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, the Liew Fama-Miller Fellowship, and the Fischer Black Fellowship. Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4885. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an alternative feminist understanding of maintenance by investigating the artistic practices and lived experiences of feminist artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles (b. 1939). Our main theoretical and empirical focus lies on maintenance, and we show how art and motherhood as productive connection points proffer different ways of perceiving, understanding, and practicing maintenance. By contextualizing our case within the historical backdrop of New York between the late 1960s and 1980s, we demonstrate how Ukeles's maintenance art proposes novel ways of perceiving the value of maintenance, from the maintenance performed by mothers to considerations of the broader societal implications of maintenance. Such alternative political understanding aligns with critiques of postfeminist societal discourse. We contend that Ukeles's art inspires a political shift in our thinking about maintenance, where maintenance is valued not solely for its indispensable and utilitarian attributes but also it's relational, emotional, and embodied qualities. This nuanced understanding requests visibility for maintenance and foregrounds “more‐than‐I,” agency, and continuity of life, thereby acknowledging the inherent value of the political dimensions of maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we introduce the Intensive Mobile Treatment (IMT) model, which arose from a 2016 New York City initiative to engage individuals who were "falling through the cracks" of the mental health, housing, and criminal justice systems. People who are referred to IMT often have extensive histories of trauma. They experience structural racism and discrimination within systems and thus can present as distrustful of treatment teams. We detail the structure of the program as we practice it at our non-profit agency and outline the psychodynamic concepts that inform our work with challenging populations. We acknowledge IMT's role in engaging in advocacy and addressing social justice in our work. We also discuss how through this model we are able to both mitigate and tolerate risk in participants with difficult-to-manage behaviors. This is typically a long-term, non-linear process. We address how this impacts the team dynamic as a whole and explain how with long-term, trusting therapeutic relationships, participants can change and grow over time. We also explain the ways in which our non-billing model plays an integral role in the treatment we are able to provide and identify several challenges and areas for program growth. In outlining our model and its methodology, we hope to empower other practitioners to adapt IMT to other settings beyond the New York City area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: More than 20 million children in the United States lack access to primary health care. Practice Learning: Research shows that students with regular access to physical and mental health services have fewer absences, are more social, less likely to participate in risky behaviors, have improved focus and higher test scores. Implication For School Health Policy, Practice, And Equity: School‐based health centers (SBHCs) can be an important, valuable and viable health care delivery option to meet the full‐range of primary health care needs of students where they spend the majority of their wake hours, ie, in school. Children in rural and other underserved communities, as well as those underinsured, non‐insured, economically challenged, underserved, and the most vulnerable among us are especially at risk. Conclusions: This paper discusses the history, value, and importance of SBHCs from myriad perspectives, including physical and emotional wellbeing, academic and social success, and the promotion of a positive transition to adulthood. In addition, the authors' experiences that resulted in building the first SBHC in the Mid‐Hudson Valley Region of New York State are shared. These experiences form the foundation for creating an important roadmap for individuals and school leaders that are interested in bringing a SBHC to their school and district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choice of legal structures is a key decision that social enterprises make early in their lives. The range of options now includes not only the traditional for-profit and non-profit structures, but also the new hybrid structures. Viewing legal structures primarily as 'governance mechanisms to support the mission', the current social enterprise literature regards 'mission' as the normative basis for legal structure choices. Empirical work in the non-profit and social enterprise literatures, however, surfaces another salient, yet under-theorised concern driving legal structure choices, namely resources. In this paper, we aim to develop resource dependence perspectives as an alternate theoretical lens to understand legal structure choices. In this study of 14 New York based socio-tech enterprises, we uncover how, in an interplay of resource needs, autonomy and legitimacy concerns, legal structures emerge as strategic tools to attract the external resource providers that the social enterprises want to form resource relations with and avoid the ones they are wary of. Our findings contribute to advancing the notion of legal structures as a 'vehicle for resource mobilisation', and to lay the foundations for a resource dependent framework to examine social enterprise legal structure choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper suggests looking at veganism as a set of knowledge that produces and reproduces habitual food practices and changes in semiotic habits and the meanings attached to foods. A semiotic analysis of veganism as a system of knowledge suggests its being a translated text that recognizes scientific and medical knowledge and the non-vegan alimentary system. However, it reconfigures them by communicating a series of signs whose meanings reverse those suggested by omnivores. The identification of signs that constitute the vegan knowledge enables me to look at veganism as complex system, in which syntagmatic and associative relationships are not fully determined (Barthes [1984]. Elements of Semiology. New York: Hill and Wang). Although contesting the essentiality of animal-based foods, vegan meals suggest two overlapping approaches to meals. In one, the plant-based protein serves as the centrepiece of the meal, imitating conventional meals. The other offers an alternative meal structure, in which syntagmatic relations are constructed as a sequence of daily meals, each consisting of an aggregation of simultaneously served dishes out of which diners construct their own repast, thus broadening the scope of associative relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a taken-for-granted institutional form, shelters for unhoused New Yorkers, through the neo-institutional lens of institutional inertia and critical case study methodology. It focuses on the external shock of COVID-19, NYC's use of unoccupied hotels for social distancing, and the return to shelters when COVID waned. For guidance, we examine other instances of interrupted institutional inertia following shocks. Using Lewin's force field analysis, we explore why changes to some institutional forms amidst COVID persisted while novel approaches to shelter dissipated. We conclude that directly involving unhoused people in the design and implementation of homeless services may improve outcomes. Human service professionals share a body of knowledge and assumptions – a kind of echo chamber that amplifies and confirms beliefs. It is important to look beyond traditional and familiar models of service delivery to find alternative ideas and approaches that may be effective. Returning to Kurt Lewin's concept of force fields provides opportunities to think effectively and holistically about how to modify or change services, policies, and organizations. People served by human services – those with lived experiences – possess unique expertise that can inform organizational decisions and planning in new and helpful ways. As practitioners, we need to find ways to be more inclusive of the perspectives and ideas of those our programs serve through participatory methods of planning, decision making, and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Early detection is important for timely intervention. This paper assesses the ability of a machine learning screening tool (MUST‐Plus) implemented in registered dietitian (RD) workflow to identify malnourished patients early in the hospital stay and to improve the diagnosis and documentation rate of malnutrition. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a large, urban health system in New York City comprising six hospitals serving a diverse patient population. The study included all patients aged ≥ 18 years, who were not admitted for COVID‐19 and had a length of stay of ≤ 30 days. Results: Of the 7736 hospitalisations that met the inclusion criteria, 1947 (25.2%) were identified as being malnourished by MUST‐Plus‐assisted RD evaluations. The lag between admission and diagnosis improved with MUST‐Plus implementation. The usability of the tool output by RDs exceeded 90%, showing good acceptance by users. When compared pre‐/post‐implementation, the rate of both diagnoses and documentation of malnutrition showed improvement. Conclusion: MUST‐Plus, a machine learning‐based screening tool, shows great promise as a malnutrition screening tool for hospitalised patients when used in conjunction with adequate RD staffing and training about the tool. It performed well across multiple measures and settings. Other health systems can use their electronic health record data to develop, test and implement similar machine learning‐based processes to improve malnutrition screening and facilitate timely intervention. Key points/Highlights: Malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalised patients and frequently goes unrecognised, with the potential for severe sequelae. Accurate diagnosis, documentation and treatment of malnutrition have the potential of having a positive impact on morbidity rate, mortality rate, length of inpatient stay, readmission rate and hospital revenue. The tool's successful application highlights its potential to optimise malnutrition screening in healthcare systems, offering potential benefits for patient outcomes and hospital finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]