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The article intents to partially correct a revolutionary interpretation of politics in the ante-bellum Southern States by writer Charles G. Sydnor by attempting to identify and explain the major themes of the politics of county government in ante-bellum Kentucky. It analyzes the political system of the state to resolve this historiographical deficiency.

This paper explores the functions of education in rural social change and, more specifically, rural-urban sociocultural integration. Based on accumulated evidence and insight from researches in the eastern mountain region of Kentucky, the central thesis is that education functions as a major cultural entree by the Great Society into this relatively isolated, familistically-oriented subculture. Because of its structurally strategic position, the educational institution tends to have more direct integrative communication and linkage with the Great Society than the other basic institutions. This suggests a largely indirect influence of the Great Society on the non educational institutions. The school system brings about changes in general orientations which set the stage for changes in specific orientations both educational and noneducational. With time and under certain conditions these changes in orientation result in changes in the institutional structure of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the author's comments on the program at the annual meeting of the American Accounting Association to be held at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. Discussion on the changes in the program; Sponsorship of four professorial development seminars; Analysis and recommendations that may want to be considered by the members for use at their respective institutions.

This paper explores the thesis that in a rural low-income area with a high rate of out-migration, the social class position of a family influences the pattern of out-migration, the structure of the migration process, and the economic life chances of individual migrants and families in the areas of destination. Data are from a restudy, after twenty years, of persons who had been living in three isolated mountain neighborhoods in eastern Kentucky. It was found that social class differences in the form or strategy of out-migration contributed to the maintenance and stability of tile social class hierarchy within this migration system. A migrant's social class origin influenced not only when he left the mountains, where he moved, and with whom, but also his subsequent level of living in the urban area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the "Technicon International Symposium on Automation in Analytical Chemistry," that will be held on October 17 to 19, 1966 at the Statler Hilton Hotel, New York, the 36th annual meeting of the Biological Photographic Association on August 23 to 25, 2966 at the Phoenix Hotel in Kentucky and the 58th annual meeting of the American Phytopathological Society on August 20 to 24 at the Denver Hilton Hotel in Denver, Colorado.

This article presents an exploratory study of the letters to the editor and their contributors, from many newspapers in the U.S. Though many newspaper men reported that the "Letters to the Editor" column receives considerable attention from readers, very few analyses of this feature can be found in the literature of communications research. Fifty-five persons who sent letters to the "Courier Journal" of Louisville, Kentucky from June 1946 to May 1947 were selected for attention and questionnaires were mailed to them. Forty-four usable forms were returned in response. These 44 individuals were responsible for 23 letters each, but on the whole they were heavy contributors with their median number of letters being eight. All together, they accounted for 385 letters out of a total of 2007 which were published in the paper during the year. A close examination of concentrations on favorite subjects by the writers and their letter writing frequencies showed that those who wrote most often gave considerably greater weight to favorite subjects than those, who wrote less frequently.

A fresh humanistic spirit has swept through medicine in the last 25 years, partly in reaction to the enormous technological strides and emphases of the previous period, partly in response to democratic forces in the larger society. One expression of this spirit is seen in the new conceptions of medical education, and even in the design of medical school buildings and teaching hospitals; the implementation of this approach at a new medical center in Kentucky is explained in the following paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reports on dental problems that were faced by prehistoric Native Americans living in Kentucky. Variations of bone formation and the size and shape of the teeth and jaws of the Native Americans studied are discussed. Speculation that has been raised regarding the existence of periodontal diseases experienced by prehistoric Native Americans is mentioned.

The article presents information from the scientific proceedings of the Louisville Section of the International Association for Dental Research, which took place in Louisville, Kentucky on November 2, 1932. Topics discussed during the proceedings include the behavior of molten metal during the procedure of dental casting, the characteristics of Fordyce disease, and the usage of silver nitrate for the prophylactic treatment of tooth tissue.

This inquiry explores the rural migrant's involvement in a branch-family network in the industrial area of destination and the effect of such involvement upon various aspects of the migrant's social psychological adjustment. Five specified conditions are taken into account: age, sex, level of schooling, social class origin, and length of residence in urban localities. Data are derived from a project designed to follow up all persons who, 20 years earlier, were residents of an isolated mountain neighborhood in eastern Kentucky. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on (1) value orientations associated with status and situs dimensions of occupational choice, (2) sociocultural correlates of occupational values, and (3) empirical interrelationships among these value orientations. Twelve value variables are specified in the research design. Data for the study were obtained from seniors in eight Kentucky rural high schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of 343 farm operators living in twelve neighborhoods of a Kentucky county indicated that neighborhood norms may be important factors in the adoption of recommended farm practices. The data have shown that (1) farmers in some neighborhoods ascribed scientific farming attitudes to their neighbors to a much greater extent than is true in other neighborhoods, (2) farm operators in some neighborhoods say they are more frequently guided in their fanning practices by the opinion and influence of neighbors than was the case in other neighborhoods, and (3) the use of all sources of farming information, particularly professional sources, is more characteristic of farmers residing in some neighborhoods than in others. Each of these patterns is observed to be significantly more prevalent in neighborhoods with high adoption scores, and these differentials persist when certain social and economic characteristics known to be related to adoption behavior are controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports that the third biennial conference of the Southeastern Library Association was held at the Grove Park Inn at Asheville, from October 16th to 18th. About one hundred and twenty-five librarians were in attendance, including the heads of many of the prominent public and college libraries from Maryland to Florida, and west to Kentucky and Louisiana. The principal topic of the conference was "Adult Education." Another subject which was dwelt upon at length was "Rural Extension," with its chief opportunities for service in the County Library and traveling book truck. L.W. Josselyn, of the Birmingham Public Library, came to the conference in an Alabama book-truck, which stayed on exhibition outside the hotel. One of the outstanding papers of the conference was on the "Economic and Social Background for Library Development in the Southeastern States," by Tommie Dora Barker, Librarian of the Carnegie Library of Atlanta. Barker stated that the tenant-farmer, with his inability to support a library, was one of the chief causes for the backwardness of the South in the library field.

The article presents information on industrial scientist Karl H. Beyer. He is from Henderson, Kentucky, and was educated at Kentucky State College. He earned his in doctoral degree in Physiology from the University of Wisconsin. It is stated that many scientific and medical organizations recognized his superiority in the fields of pharmacology and physiology. Beyer has presented more than 150 papers to the scientific and medical literature and represents pharmaceutical research achievements that have led to many of the revolutionary new discoveries in recent times.

The article presents the appreciation given by James Lane Allen, a Kentucky novelist, to Lexington schools for observing James Lane Allen Day on the author's birthday, December 21. The token of appreciation was written in parchment papers with Allen's own handwriting and dated in celebration of his sixty-seventh birthday.

The article discusses the study conducted regarding the absentee rate of certain target children in two schools at Appalachian county in Kentucky. This study deals with chronic absentees of students who are prime candidates of becoming dropouts. It is administered to elementary and highs students who are identified by their principals as chronic absentees. An equal number of students are also selected as reinforcing agents to each absentee. The result shows that the attendance rate of both the elementary and high school children increased significantly due to treatment and follow-up phases.

This article presents information on the General Electric Foundation from the General electric Co. which is sponsoring summer guidance fellowship programs at two universities: Boston University and the University of Louisville, Kentucky. One hundred guidance counselors from secondary schools and junior colleges located in the Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Midwestern states will be awarded the all-expense peace fellowships for six-week graduate study. The programs will include graduate study and a coordinated program of study and observation of occupations for high school and college graduates.

This section presents news briefs related to the education sector in Kentucky, as of September 14, 1882. A prominent southern paper reported that there are 250,000 illiterates in the state. C. Zdancowicz has been appointed professor of modern languages at Millersburg Female College. Kentucky has no reform school and, instead, sends children to the state penitentiary, where they are left to grow up with adult convicts.

The article reports on the winning of Waneeta Beckley as best speller on the national spelling championship in Louisville, Kentucky. Beckley receive an award worth $500 for the spelling contest. The word given is plebeian and she correctly spelled the word and the word she spelled is promiscuous. The contest was sponsored by daily news papers in the nation's elementary and secondary schools.

The article presents an inquiry to determine what is meant by research according to a sample of university professors. Involved in the study were members of the University of Kentucky staff with the rank of Instructor or its equivalent and above. Quantitative information included in the first portion of the questionnaire which deals with the definition of research is presented. Pure and practical research was the most consistent category chosen. Major research themes include the attainment of knowledge and truth and the determination of cause and effect relations.

Modern versus traditional value orientations based on the Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck schema are related to family size preferences and birth control effectiveness. Value orientations are viewed as mediating the relationship between socioeconomic status and the fertility behavior variables. Interviews with a probability sample of women in Lexington, Kentucky, provide the data for testing the hypothesized relationships. The results indicate that both value orientations and socioeconomic status are related to fertility behavior. The inference can be made that value orientations aid in interpreting the relationship between socioeconomic status and fertility behavior but that other status-related variables are operating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the history of three activity centers in a single Kentucky county reveals how one of them ultimately became the uni-center. The reason one of these predominated in the competition among the three is bccause it was the county seat and its governmental functions became the deciding factor in its survival and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improved methods of communication and transportation have contributed to a loss in population in many rural Kentucky communities and to increased centralization in metropolitan centcrs. These trends have effectuated greater affluence for citizens in both areas. All these factors in turn have affeeted the nature of peoples' reaction to disaster in metropolitan areas including the events in disaster relief. The results of a 1968 tornado in a Kentucky city are examined, and it is concluded that the psychological rehabilitation of disaster victims is a major nced not generally met. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By measuring the proportion of local ownership of business enterprises, the proportion of business enterprises employing kin to some degree, and the proportion and intensity of kinship within a sub-society at two or more different points in time it becomes possible to quantity the amount and direction of change in a community on a modernization continuum. The historical analysis of such social indicators is applied in a rural Kentucky town, showing developmental trends between 1882 and 1969. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the study of nurse behavior with impact to physicians in rendering good patient care conducted by the Department of Medicine at the University of Kentucky Medical Center in Lexington, Kentucky. Number of incidents collected concerning nurse behavior; Areas of nurse behavior identified in the study; Emphasis on the team concept in patient care in a number of medical care and teaching program.

This article focuses on usability of books by people living in rural areas, to solve their problems and queries in Kentucky. Kentucky as an agricultural state has remarkable advantages. One-fourth of her territory is unsurpassable in fertility, more than one-half is of high grade, and less than one-fifth is really inferior. In rural Kentucky lives more than seventy three percent of the state's population. In the matter of the fundamental essentials of human welfare there is not a vast difference in the conditions of the rural folk throughout the state. Health, sanitation, roads, soil conservation, child labor, neglected schools, unkept homes--all these things are vital problems throughout rural Kentucky. Too many books about the country are written by ignorant idealists or devitalized experts. The farm folk shrewdly put the one class aside for what it is not worth and do not take the trouble to use a dictionary to translate the other into their simple English. Too often the efforts for farm folk are on the basis that human nature is the same the world over. In certain points it is, but beyond these well known characteristics it widens into divergent traits.

Focuses on the integration of dramatic activities at Berea College in Kentucky. Organization of Berea players; Features of the dramatic activities.

Provides information on the voice and diction campaign at Berea College in Kentucky. Aim of the campaign; Methods used as part of the campaign; Limitation in the sources of reference material for the campaign.

The article examines the revenue system of Kentucky. It aims to stress certain features of the existing system that require more extensive elucidation, to appraise the equitableness and adequacy as revenue producers of recently passed tax laws, and to suggest further practicable changes or reforms. The fact that no study of state taxation can proceed far without some knowledge of the revenue systems and the governmental inter-relationships of the municipal taxing units has been emphasized throughout.

The article focuses on a study on the use of a bookmobile as a supplementary resource room for borderline exceptional children in an inner city elementary school in Fayette County, Kentucky. Included in the study were selected fifth, sixth, and primary aged children. All had difficulty in decoding printed words, inferring words from context and configuration, and analyzing words systematically. When researchers studied the effects of the bookmobile on the children, they found out that children viewed the room as a special place. They also learned that the room is equipped with books, audio-visual materials, and is completely structured to fit the needs of learning disabled children.

The main leaders of a large rural county were identified and classed into visible, symbolic, and concealed leader-types by Bonjean's technique. The composition of each type was summarized. The leadership pattern in this county was found to be distinctly different from the leadership pattern of places previously studied. Leaders were more visible and had stronger anchorage to public offices. Little variation existed in the locations of the leader-types in the generalized social structure of the community. The typology was, nonetheless, useful. It served as a good index for the factional and clique memberships of the leaders, which were recognized as crucial in the decision-making structure of the county. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the locational preferences of 625 graduating seniors in one of the nation's poorest areas, the Big Sandy Region of Eastern Kentucky. These preferences are examined under differing interregional wage rate assumptions for their home region, northern metropolitan areas, and Lexington and Louisville, intermediate areas in Kentucky. The findings indicate that although family considerations are still important in influencing migration paths, especially for those who do not go to college, there is considerable sensitivity to relative wages in location preferences and expectations. There is a high degree of willingness and readiness to move to areas offering better economic opportunities, and a clear tendency to prefer intermediate areas between the lagging rural area and northern metropolitan areas. The results support policies which would give potential migrants skills and training to match job opportunities in intermediate areas, as well as comprehensive relocation assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social movements and public protests have historically utilized song to promote ideology and to achieve organizational cohesion. These world changers have drawn upon the musical idioms of their sphere of operation. Social movements have employed popular standards such as "Casey Jones" and the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" to communicate themes of social discontent. Ralph Chaplin, an IWW organizer, wrote militant lyrics to the song "Battle Hymn of the Republic" and produced "Solidarity Forever," the official anthem of the American labor movement. Micheal Quin, a communist writer, employed the same tune for a May Day celebration. Folk Consciousness can be seen as a gestalt predominantly found in the communist sub-culture of the 1930s and 1940s. It can be considered an emergent reality, that is, a whole different from the sum of its parts. The first ingredient of folk consciousness was tactical. During the Gastonia strike in North Carolina in 1929, communists discovered folk music in a person named Ella May Wiggins. Several years following the Loray conflict in Gastonia, North Carolina, the communist-led National Miners Union brought singers Molly Jackson and Jim Garland to New York to sing of the hardships of the Kentucky hard rock miners. The dual-unionism phase of American Communism introduced the song of persuasion into the urban milieu. The composition of the movement, at that time predominantly foreign, hampered the acceptance of this genre.

Prior studies on the general subject of birth control have been oriented chiefly to its relationship to fertility and the relative effectiveness of the various devices and techniques in preventing conception. The area of attitudes concerning the use of contraceptives has been to a great degree overlooked as a subject for investigation. In this article the emphasis was on the use of the various devices by a sample population rather than on the specific attitudes concerning them. This article represents an attempt to gauge certain attitudes toward contraception of a group of married veterans who were either students or staff members of the University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, at the time of the study. The subjects chosen were two hundred residents of the Veterans' Housing Project at the University. Obviously, since the group was composed of ex-servicemen who were attending college or serving as faculty members, it is a narrow and select one. The findings can in no way be interpreted as being applicable to another population whose basic characteristics differ from those of this sample. The taboos and reticence concerning topics of a sexual nature have long been recognized as stumbling blocks to the investigator in this field.

Harlan County, Kentucky, is one of the ten leading producers of bituminous coal in the U.S. as of June 1949. During the 1930's it attracted nationwide attention due to the violence of its industrial relations, the county acquiring the name of "Bloody Harlan." The history of the county illustrates many of the problems of social disorganization which accompany the sudden impact of industrial civilization upon a self-sufficient, isolated agricultural society. Harlan is located in the most rugged mountain area of southeastern Kentucky. Its narrow valleys at the head-waters of the Cumberland River are hemmed in by steep ridges which rise 100 to 1,000 feet above the valley bottoms. These ridges were once covered with dense forests and beneath the surface lie twelve seams of high-grade coal. Until the development of coal mining this was an extremely isolated area. For more than a century the people had lived a self-contained life with their farms and household industries producing most of their necessities.

The mineral rights on land being surface-mined in eastern Kentucky were originally sold before the turn of the century for as little as fifty cents an acre. Comments in the press and elsewhere from time to time compare this price to the current-dollar values of these rights. The implication of the statements is that the original seller of the mineral rights was underpaid. In this article, the original owners of the land are shown to have been overpaid for the mineral rights. A comparison of the purchase price to the current value of land rights loses its significance over very long spans of time. The 1886 and 1914 purchase prices of eastern Kentucky mineral rights, just as the 1867 purchase price of Alaska, should be regarded as irrelevant dollar amounts. A meaningful analysis must be confined to the current values of surface and mineral rights, the current depletion allowances and taxes, the current social problems, and the current risks. However, if a person insists upon comparing the present value of the mineral rights on land suited for surface mining in eastern Kentucky to the original purchase prices around the turn of the century, his only conclusion is that the original landowners were overpaid. The buyers of the mineral rights in eastern Kentucky in the late 1800's and early 1900's, from an investment standpoint, either did not calculate their rates of return very carefully or were too optimistic in their expectations.

The article focuses on a study of trace elements in ancient Pueblo and Indian Knoll teeth. The teeth are from aboriginal settlements in New Mexico and Kentucky. The research methods include grinding the roots and dental enamel with a diamond stone, determining the fluoride content, and measuring manganese, zinc, silicon, lead, copper, silver, tin, strontium, iron, and aluminum by spectrography.

This article is part of a larger research in which the author attempted to develop a classification schema for the counties of Kentucky, by using the theoretical framework of the folk-urban continuum. In this continuum, isolation is recognized as the general characteristic of the folk end. This particular study therefore, focuses on the development of a Guttman scale in which counties might be ranked according to relative isolation. Isolation is defined as the absence or paucity of communication and transportation facilities. By means of the Guttman scaling technique, eleven indices of the availability of transportation and communication facilities in a county were shown to form a unidimensional universe of content, which has been designated as isolation. Since isolation is a characteristic of folk society, it is concluded that Guttman scales can probably be developed to measure other characteristics of the folk-urban continuum. And a meaningful and useful classification of counties, based on the theory of the folk-urban continuum, could be possible.

Living standards are low in Eastern Kentucky; a rough area with limited economic opportunity. People migrate from this area when jobs are available in industrial centers. The first extended migration was during World War I. When the depression came, most of these people returned to the old home because of small land holdings, family ties, or the possibility of securing relief. Now, during World War II, some thirty per cent of the people have again left the region to find work. One-hall of these plan to return while the other fifty per cent prefer to reside permanently outside the area. The number who Will become permanent emigrants is important to the economic future of the Mountains. If the current migration follows the pattern of the preceding one, most of those who left during the past four years will return, when the next depression becomes acute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article reviews a topic on insurance rate making in Louisiana. There is some significant research on rate regulation in progress and more may be precipitated by rate battles being waged in Maryland and Kentucky. The increasingly intense state legislation and code revision activity as well as the possibilities of further federal investigation and intervention also may spark new studies. Much of the controversy over rate regulation concerns the basic approaches of different rate regulatory laws--file and use versus prior approval, etc. Research and investigation also are needed to see how the rating laws work in fact. A rate law may look one way in the insurance codes, but be applied in quite another. This section begins by analyzing why rate regulatory problems were thrust into the foreground in Louisiana, in 1965 and 1966. It concludes that the problems were essentially ones of insurance markets drying up over a period of years especially in the mass market personal lines of: automobile and dwelling fire, extended coverage, and homeowners insurance. A summary of Louisiana assigned risk premiums indicates the automobile assigned risk population is increasing. The Report speculates on the potential alleviative effects of recent rate increases; yet it states that additional rate increases are reportedly being sought.

Under consideration in the Legislature of Kentucky is an arbitration statute which would make arbitration agreements, as well as awards, specifically enforceable through the courts. If it is enacted, Kentucky will join some twenty-odd other states with laws patterned more or less after the Uniform Arbitration Act, adopted more than a decade ago by the Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and endorsed by the American Bar Association. The author reviews the literature of arbitration and sets forth the reasons why Kentucky should adopt the proposed legislation. His arguments are equally valid for other jurisdictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the construction of the uranium production plant in Paducah, Kentucky. The principal contractor for the project is the F. H. McGraw Company from Hartford, Connecticut. Many architect-engineering firms are selected for the work at the Paducah plant including the Giffels and Vallet Inc., Sargent and Lundy and Grylls Inc. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and Electric Energy Inc. are going to supply power for the uranium plant. The distribution systems of TVA and five other companies is also providing the use of total power resources of all systems.

The article presents information related to the Thomas Hunt Morgan Centennial Symposium, which was held on September 17-19, 1966, at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, Kentucky. As reported, the symposium was attended by 150 participants. The speakers at the symposium include Fred Bollum of University of Kentucky, L.C. Dunn of Columbia University, and Barbara McClintock of Cold Spring Harbor. The topic of the discussion was the influence of Thomas Hunt Morgan on the growth of genetics.

The article reports on the results of a hearing survey involving 208 institutionalized mentally retarded adults and children at Kentucky Training Home in Frankfort, Kentucky. The participants of the survey were tested by pure one audiometry. Modifications of standard pure tone techniques were suggested for individual testing of the mentally retarded. Whenever possible, the overall tone findings should be verified by means of test-retest, PSGR audiometry, speech audiometry, the peep show technique or preferably a combination of these methods.

It is an illuminating experience to go back thirty years in the history of social work and recapture the memories of those times. But the most notable difference from the present in the social work horizon of the middle twenties was the dominance of the private agency sector, and the limited nature of government assistance to people in need. Of the social insurances only workmen's compensation was well established, and in the area we now call "public assistance" only mothers' aid allowances, first necessary legislated in 1911, were functioning on any significant scale. Assistance to the aged was carried principally by county almshouses and private institutions. By 1926, only Alaska and Kentucky had passed old-age pension laws, the predecessors of the old-age assistance category. But it was a popular movement. The aged were increasing and exercising political pressure as well. General public assistance was beginning to come into its own after a long period of inept, politically tainted administration which created a revulsion in the eighties and nineties.

The article describes a sample of Southern Appalachian alcoholics. These data were collected over a six-month period on all samples referred for alcohol abuse in a community mental health center in Southeastern Kentucky. A total of 33 samples were recorded, of which 26 are male and seven are female with an average age of 41.7 years. The average number of school years they have completed was 8.4 years, while 54% of them were unemployed with no income at the time of the survey. Also, most of them manifested a long history of excessive drinking with the average of 12.7 years.

The article reports developments related to education in Kentucky. The Leadership Conference was held sponsored by the Kentucky Education Association which discusses the issue of teacher education and professional standards. A joint conference of the Advisory Committee on Teacher Education and the State Cooperative Committee in Educational Administration was held aimed at developing programs of preparation for all administrative positions. Programs have been launched in 16 schools in the state related to Citizenship education.

The article presents the steps for progress in teacher education and professional standards in Kentucky. The steps for progress includes (1) in-service teacher education, (2) authority for setting certification standards, (3) a target date for lifting the minimum certification standards for elementary-school teachers to college graduation, (4) participate in the activities of the State Commission on Teacher Education and Professional Standards, which provides a grass-roots approach to the development of programs of teacher education responsive to the rank and file of teachers in the field who constitute 80 percent of the membership, and (5) participate in an improved program of preparation and certification of school superintendents, principals, and supervisors, based on an eight-year laboratory project.