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The article presents titles and abstracts of papers submitted at a meeting held in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1938. The paper "The Sequent Occupance of a Boston Suburban Community," presented by Edward A. Ackerman focuses on areas surrounding the Boston metropolitan district. The proximity of a large city market, plots of level land and fertile soil determine the existence of these suburban fanning communities. The article "The Recession of Victoria Falls," by Wallace W. Atwood. The world famous falls on the Zainbesi have had a strange and remarkable history in recession. The gorge is serpentine with many curious off-shoots, and located on the floor of a broad and much older flat-bottomed valley. Today the water tumbles over a ledge, fully a mile in length, and into a very narrow chasm 350 ft. deep.

The article presents one of the papers discussed at the convocation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, on the impact of science on human activity held on April 1, 1949. It is said that because of science, the western world no longer possesses the sense of common values which gave coherence to human activities in earlier ages. In this paper, the author examines some of the spiritual implications of the commitment of the scientist on his program of dealing with the universe and considers some of the consequences of the new insights which have been acquired in carrying out the program thus far.

The article presents one of the papers discussed at the convocation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, on the impact of science on human activity held on April 1, 1949. It is said that because of science, the western world no longer possesses the sense of common values which gave coherence to human activities in earlier ages. In this paper, the author discusses the relationship of science with morality and religion. The author states that though there is a sense that science's body of knowledge is neutral and its results can be used for evil purposes, there is also a sense in which it is neither evil nor neutral but an expression of spiritual idealism.

The article focuses on the impact of the local conditions and the labor consciousness on the struggles for power among leather workers in the city of Lynn, Massachusetts. Locals of national organizations had little connection with the national unions. Consequently, when they did affiliate with national organizations, local concerns and group loyalty transcended national policies. The important ties with other outside unions were of an informal nature. Ties to nonlocal workers and unions were usually confined to feelings of brotherhood and solidarity, which manifested themselves in aid for union struggles. The paper shows how the workers rallied their community of fellow workers to fight against the companies. Since Lynn's wage earners viewed their city as a community of workers, the strike provides a picture of a community in struggle. The community gave the workers strength and support to resist the employers, their friends and relatives were workers and union members, and their unions controlled most of the shops in Lynn. The same community, however, also gave them a false sense of their power to affect their demands against organized capital.

The article presents one of the papers discussed at the convocation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, on the impact of science on human activity held on April 1, 1949. It is said that because of science, the western world no longer possesses the sense of common values which gave coherence to human activities in earlier ages. In this paper, the author talks about the modern age in western civilization. The author stresses that the outstanding characteristic of this age is that all its thinking about the world is dominated by the scientific spirit.

This article focuses on the birth statistics of Massachusetts during the nineteenth century. The present paper is a report of an investigation which goes part of the way in surmounting the obstacles to our understanding of the trend of American fertility during the nineteenth century by trying to consider the very difficulty which one of these studies was forced to ignore. The difficulty referred to is the degree of under-registration of births in the statistics collected by States. Economist Joseph J. Spengler did try to take this question into account, but the method he used to answer, it failed to produce meaningful results. It should also be pointed out that whereas Spengler was concerned with all six New England States, this study is concerned only with the birth statistics of Massachusetts, which was the first State to inaugurate a registration system and whose birth records are generally considered to comprise the most reliable American statistics of the last century. The investigation covered the years between 1842, when the system was established, and 1901, making a 60-year period extending through the century.

Ralph Stocliman Tarr was born on January 15, 1864, in Gloucester, Massachusetts. He died, after a brief illness, at his home in Ithaca, March 21, 1919, being a little more than forty-eight years of age. On graduation from the high school in 1881, Tarr's interest in science led him to enter the summer school of the Peabody Academy at Salem. He accomplished much work on the geology of Cape Ann, a problem which he says was much too big for his experience. It may in truth be said, however, that the report on that region published in the Ninth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey is substantially Tarr's work.

The article presents one of the papers discussed at the convocation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, on the impact of science on human activity held on April 1, 1949. It is said that because of science, the western world no longer possesses the sense of common values which gave coherence to human activities in earlier ages. In this paper, the author discusses the intellectual and moral problems, which were caused by science and technology, faced by the western world.

Displays illustrating papers and graphic expositions not correlated with sessions have become an integral part of annual meetings of the Association of American Geographers. Exhibits at Cambridge, Massachusetts accented physical geography rather more and human geography rather less than has been the case in recent preceding years. In a number of cases comparable maps of physical and human phenomena were displayed side by side. This appears to indicate a pronounced interest in regional correspondence of phenomena.

The article discusses manuscript sources in American radicalism. Scholars interested in American radicalism must be prepared to travel widely if they expect to inspect manuscript sources. Virtually every state, almost every university library of any stature, has some such holdings. Socialists, and other radicals, were prolific writers of letters, memoranda, speeches and pamphlets. They also tended to keep extensive minutes of meetings of branches, committees, national boards, and even of factions. Moreover, most Socialists had a sense of history and preserved their records. Unfortunately, there is no single repository for this Socialist material. At one time it was expected that the Tamiment Institute-then called the Rand School-Library in New York would house the material. But Socialists, in the course of human events, split into innumerable factions, and the leaders of different factions gave their papers to various libraries some of them thousands of miles apart. There were also geographic reasons for the dispersion: the early Socialists of the Nineteenth century lived in Indiana, New York, Massachusetts, and (after 1880) California.

This article presents the journal of S. C. Hewitt, appointed lecturer of the Fall River Mechanics' Association and labor organizer in Massachusetts in the early 1840s. Students U.S. labor movement know that the most important development of the 1840s was the ten-hour movement, and that the organization which spearheaded this demand was the New England Workingmen's Association which came into existence in the fall of 1844 to give support to the shorter workday crusade. The association was largely the product of the mechanics of Fall River, Massachusetts. Early in 1844 these men organized a Mechanics' Association to further the ten-hour day in their community. The association distributed pledge cards binding the signers not to work for more than ten hours and conducted a number of strikes for the shorter working day. In April 1844, the Fall River Mechanics Association set up a publishing committee, headed by Thomas Almy, to print a four-page weekly paper, "The Mechanic," to advocate the cause of the oppressed mechanic and laborer in all its bearings. The Mechanics' Association secure the services of S. C. Hewitt as a lecturer. Readers of "The Mechanic" were already familiar with Mr. Hewitt.

This paper expands the conceptual apparatus of family life cycle analysis and illustrates its usefulness by applying it to a population. There is a normatively sanctioned life cycle that a female born into American society is expected to follow as she moves from birth to death: she is expected to survive through childhood, marry, bear and rear children, and survive jointly with her husband until her Children leave the home. Paul Glick, in several articles, has calculated mean ages at which these Various events are experienced. The life cycle analysis proposed here, however, focuses on the distribution of women according to type of life cycle experienced. Starting with a cohort of 100,000 females, six alternative life cycle possibilities are differentiated and the number who follow each of the types is calculated. Types are: (1) abbreviated, the female dies before she is exposed to the risk of marriage; (2) spinster, the woman is exposed to the risk of marriage but does not marry; (3) barren, the woman marries but remains childless; (4) dying mother, the women has children but dies before the last one leaves home; (5) widowed mother, the women has children and survives until they leave home, but her husband dies before that event; and (6) typical, the woman marries, has children, and survives jointly with her husband until the last one leaves home. Applying this approach to several cohorts of native-born Massachusetts women born at different times some striking changes appear. For examples the number of women from a birth cohort of 1000,000 who follow the typical life cycle increases from 21,000 for the cohort born in 1830 to 57,000 for the cohort born in 1920. The demographic, social and economic implications of a change of this magnitude are of considerable consequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at a symposium on chemical and bacteriological warfare of the Society for Social Responsibility in Science held in Boston, Massachusetts is presented. Speakers discuss the effect of the chemical and bacteriological weapons to the public health, which are found to be more humane than the nuclear weapons. The symposium features several scientists like Henry T. Yost, Salvador E. Luria, and J. Huston Westover.

The article discusses the controversies arising from the "strike" research campaign of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, launched on March 4, 1969 and subsequently discussed in a panel on March 8 of the same year. According to the organizers, the controversies did not affect the campaign since the primary objective of the organization is to inaugurate a movement. Questions raised by different social groups includes the type of movement to create and the source of fundings for the established movement. It has been an obvious knowledge in the American society that government-sponsored research in scientific fields accounts to 75% of the funds of university research projects, much of the money came directly from the country's Defense Department.

The article focuses on the cultural and social aspects of the industrial revolution in Lynn, Massachusetts in 1826 to 1860. For Lynn's inhabitants, most of them shoemakers and their families, industrialization meant inner discipline and a tightening up of the moral code through either the abolition or drastic alteration of those customs, traditions and practices that interfered with productive labor. More than ever before, life became oriented toward work. Citizens were self-reliant, hard-working and sober, obedient to their superiors, attentive to their labors, and self-disciplined in all their pursuits. A new morality based on the paramount importance of work was taking shape, an industrial morality that was the cultural expression of the industrial revolution. Industrial morality was not, as some have suggested, a product of the factory alone. The application of the work ethic in Lynn began long before the 1860s, when machinery and factories first appeared. The shoemakers were handworkers then, not factory operatives. The workplace was the shop or manufactory, not the factory. A cultural apparatus of ideas and institutions outside the work place was chiefly responsible for inculcating the new values.

American Labor historians have until recently written labor history as a history of trade unions. Within the last few years, however, scholars have begun to look beyond the activities of particular unions and biographies of particular union leaders into the social, cultural and ethnic environments of American workers. This attempt is frustrated by the lack of written documents left behind by the ordinary worker. The trade-union newspapers and manuscripts, especially of the industrial workers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, although filling gaps in knowledge of union history, tell practically nothing about lives and informal activities of workers, either organized or unorganized. One knows little about their marriage habits, relationships with their parents, what they did during lay-offs, or how long they lived at home. Much of the material that historians have about the lives of the ordinary worker comes from the pens of middle-class investigators. Unfortunately, this material often tends to be sensational and of questionable reliability.

Cites a study to ascertain pronunciation in Eastern Massachusetts of a representative group of words that have been commonly referred to as ask-words. Percentage preference for sounds; Use of 'broad A' in the speech of New Englanders.

The purpose of this study is to examine the ecological bases of party competition. For over a decade there has been a continuing controversy among social scientists over the nature of the relationship between various forms of ecological structure and the structure of electoral competition between the two major political parties in the United States. The cumulative results of the major studies done in this area are unfortunately not only inconclusive but contradictory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article represents an attempt to replicate a study written by Douglas Rennie and Robert Hilgendorf concerning their examination of the stratification system of a small town in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The authors examined the correlation of factors relevant to social class self-identification and measures of socioeconomic status. There was a problem in describing the social class system of the community so the authors focused their study on the pictures of the stratification system secured by three different approaches to the measurement of social class. The authors used weighted scores and comparisons based on house type, education and occupation. In conclusion, the authors suggested that communities differ in the degree to which a community social class ranking is consensually perceived.

Provides information on the fundamental course on English offered at the Smith College in Massachusetts. Demographic profile of the students that taken the course; Objectives of the course; Study on public speaking and debate.

Examines some of the journals, newspapers and memoirs of the women who worked in the Lowell textile mills in Massachusetts during the mid-19th century. Information on stories depicted as a character building experience; Description of the life in the factory; Actions taken by women against premium system of wages.

Recounts the events leading to the Cambridge, Massachusetts riots of July 25, 1967 and the arrest of H. Rap Brown who was suspected of leading the riots. Rhetorical background; Description of the salient features of Brown's speech; Tentative judgments about the relationship of Brown's rhetoric to the events that followed.

Focuses on pastor Cotton Mather's sermons to felons in the Second Church in Boston, Massachusetts. Mather's rhetorical skill in performing ritual of exorcism; Attention provided by Mather on sentiments of the condemned in their dying hours; Opinions of Mather on several murder cases and trials.

Profiles Francis J. Child, fourth professor at Harvard University's Boylston Chair of Rhetoric and oratory. Academic background of Child; Appointment of Child as a mathematics tutor at Harvard upon his graduation; Research project chosen by Child; Overview of Child's teaching career at Harvard.

Profiles Joseph McKean, a Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard University from 1809 to 1818. His education background; His works and achievements; Description of his style of writing and organization as a lecturer.

Discusses the influence Groton School in Massachusetts had on U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he joined it in 1896 at the age of 14. Impression the school's headmaster on Roosevelt; Importance given to religion at the school; Emphasis laid on literature and speech by the school that helped Roosevelt become a successful leader.

Outlines the study experience of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Subjects chosen by Roosevelt at Harvard; Educators who taught history and English to him at the university; Nuances of public address learned by Roosevelt under the guidance of dramatist George Pierce Baker; Influence of English teacher Charles Townsend Copeland on Roosevelt.

This article presents information related to geographer Frederic Putnam Gulliver. After preparatory schooling at the Norwich Free Academy, Gulliver entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1883 and studied mining engineering until 1886. For the last two years of his graduate study, he was closely associated with the writer in an investigation of "Shoreline Topography" which he had chosen for a thesis and to which he gave the most persevering and successful attention. On completing his graduate studies, he received a Harvard Travelling fellowship and passed a year in Europe, where he spent the fall semester at the University of Berlin under von Richthofen, and the spring semester at the University of Vienna.

Abbott Lawrence Rotch was born in Boston, January 6, 1861. He was graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (S.B.) in 1884. From 1888 to 1891, and again from 1902 to 1906, he held the appointment of assistant in meteorology at Harvard, a position which involved no teaching and in which no salary was paid. In 1906 he was appointed professor of meteorology, an honor which he prized very highly, and which gave him the position on the teaching staff of the university to which he was in every way fully entitled. He was the first professor of meteorology who has occupied that position at Harvard, and he served in this professorship without pay.

The article discusses the open letter on nuclear policy from 175 college and university professors in the Boston area to U.S. President John F. Kennedy. The material appeared in the August 21 issue of New York Times as an advertisement. It also published previous letters from Boston area professors, the first dealing with civil defense and the second with Cuba. Several of the endorsers have decided to form the informally organized Boston Area Faculty Group on Public Issues. The first civil defense letter appeared in the New York Times on November 10, 1961 after two months in newspapers nationwide. The issue is focused on the concerned inspection. The U.S. insists on unlimited inspection at an early stage, but the U.S.S.R. declines it until a late stage.

Focuses on the anniversary of the battle of Bunker's Hill celebrated at Charlestown, Massachusetts. Attendees present at the show; Oration delivered by Alexander H. Everett.