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Copyright of Journal of the American Institute for Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the American Institute for Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Information on the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association (APSA) entitled, "New Directions in State Court Research," held on August 29, 2008 in Boston, Massachusetts is presented. The meeting highlighted papers on state courts presented by political science scholars including Melinda Gann Hall of Michigan State University, Alan Tarr of Rutgers University and Jeffrey Yates of Binghamton University of the State University of New York.

With the availability of high-dimensional genetic biomarkers, it is of interest to identify heterogeneous effects of these predictors on patients' survival, along with proper statistical inference. Censored quantile regression has emerged as a powerful tool for detecting heterogeneous effects of covariates on survival outcomes. To our knowledge, there is little work available to draw inferences on the effects of high-dimensional predictors for censored quantile regression (CQR). This article proposes a novel procedure to draw inference on all predictors within the framework of global CQR, which investigates covariate-response associations over an interval of quantile levels, instead of a few discrete values. The proposed estimator combines a sequence of low-dimensional model estimates that are based on multi-sample splittings and variable selection. We show that, under some regularity conditions, the estimator is consistent and asymptotically follows a Gaussian process indexed by the quantile level. Simulation studies indicate that our procedure can properly quantify the uncertainty of the estimates in high-dimensional settings. We apply our method to analyze the heterogeneous effects of SNPs residing in lung cancer pathways on patients' survival, using the Boston Lung Cancer Survival Cohort, a cancer epidemiology study on the molecular mechanism of lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The built forms of New York City and Boston differed dramatically in the second half of the nineteenth century. This paper focuses on the changing forms of their retail districts and evaluates the divergence in those patterns in relation to their socioeconomic context. Historical atlases and city directories identified the locations of department stores, which were used as indicators of the retail districts while primary and secondary historical sources related locational decisions to their economic position and the structure of their elite classes. New York's unstable elite classes continued to move their residences north on Manhattan Island throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century and were unable and unwilling to stop the northward expansion of the retail district. Boston's stable ruling class was able to control retail expansion through various political acts limiting development and through social barriers that limited displays of conspicuous consumption. The importance of the structure of elite classes in mediating the processes of land allocation suggests that findings of New York, as a city of competitive capitalism with a splintered elite, and Boston, as a city of controlled capitalism with a ruling elite, might provide a useful framework for understanding the specific contexts within other urban built forms.

To avoid fraudulent practices, LC-Orbitrap and FT-NIRS combined with multivariate analysis was used to distinguish between 53 Korean and foreign Boston butt samples; forty were used to establish the calibration model and 13 were used as an external validation set. Twenty metabolites were determined to be good indicators of geographic origin. Both LC-Orbitrap with CDA model based on 20 metabolites and FT-NIRS with PLS achieved 100% efficiency in identifying Korean and foreign samples; overall predictive rates for LC-Orbitrap (94.9%) and FT-NIRS (100%). Thus, combined use of LC-Orbitrap and FT-NIRS could be proposed to determine reliably discriminate geographic origins of pork samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a core diagnostic tool in management of glaucoma. All established ways to measure IOP use indirect approaches through ocular tissues, mainly the cornea or the sclera. Telemetric IOP measurement with an implantable device could eliminate bias caused by indirect techniques and could allow continuous monitoring. A favorable safety profile, high efficacy and good tolerability are key requirements. The Eyemate-IO™ system (Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH, Hannover, Germany) is a novel CE-marked implantable medical device for direct measurement of IOP. It consists of an intraocular sensor ring and an external reading device. This review presents the mechanism of telemetric IOP measurement and summarizes the available clinical data. Twelve months follow-up data of two clinical trials provide support for the efficacy and safety of this device. The implantable Eyemate-IO™ in keratoprosthesis was well tolerated; recorded adverse events were known complications of standalone surgery. The system had a good agreement with other IOP measuring modalities, including intraoperative manometry. In glaucoma patients, the Eyemate-IO™ could be implanted safely and showed a favorable efficacy and safety profile in the first twelve months postoperatively. The potential to achieve IOP monitoring with the Eyemate-IO™ seems promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since the introduction of burst spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain, several companies have developed their own version of burst stimulation, which is confusing the marketplace and clinicians of what burst stimulation truly is, the value and utilization of the therapy. Areas covered: We review those two burst stimulation designs and notice important differences. The original burstDRTM stimulation tries to mimic physiologic burst firing, which involves closely spaced high frequency sodium spikes nested on a calcium mediated plateau. This is realized by generating a train of 5 monophasic spikes of increasing amplitude with passive charge balance after the last spike, in contrast to the other burst designs which involve a version of cycling 4–5 spikes each being individually actively charge balanced spikes. Expert opinion: Based on the neurobiology of burst firing as well as abductive reasoning we like to clarify that burstDRTM is a true physiologic burst stimulation, and that other versions being called burst stimulation are essentially clustered tonic stimulation. This differentiating terminology will prevent confusion for healthcare providers, regulators, and the marketplace of what burst stimulation is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has taken major steps to meet the targets of the Social Cost of Carbon (SC-CO2). In what follows, a research model using the market price for emission allowances per metric ton illustrates how the economic and environment mechanisms of carbon price can be formulated using deterministic and stochastic equilibrium models: the primary concern becomes one of optimal stochastic control. Moreover, this framework allows us to consider the prospective influence of the proposed policy on the profit margins for remanufactured goods, in addition to its performance; further presented is an in-depth study to quantitatively evaluate the model and its performance through the use of Orthogonal Arrays. The results demonstrate that the proposed policy for carbon tax brings about tight constraints on the quantity of carbon emissions produced through supply chain operations; numerical examples are based upon actual locations in the area of Boston. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article features a supplemental school program designed to promote positive educational outcomes and improved life chances for boys of African American descent who reside in inner-city communities within the Boston metropolitan area. This program, the Paul Robeson Institute for Positive Self-Development, is not a public school but is a school-based environment sensitive to the unique needs of students who are young, black males as they progress from third grade through junior high school and into young adulthood. An analysis of the way in which this institute supplements the Boston Public School System provides valuable examples of effective schooling practices and interactions that are in short supply in the Boston Public School System. These are the types of interactions that boys from inner-city communities need to thrive in any school setting. The dominant practices of the institute exemplify critical pedagogy and include an elaborate mentoring process, responsible manhood rituals, opportunities for learning, and calling the bluff on "hard," or gangster-like postures. This analysis of the institute is the culmination of almost four years of ethnographic research involving field observations, interviews, group discussions, journals, surveys, follow-up research, and interactions with students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, universities have increasingly begun to recognize their responsibility to address the issues and problems confronting society. Many universities are responding to this challenge by developing formal partnerships with communities. This article describes a specific partnership between Boston College and its local contiguous community. It outlines the development of the partnership from a simple school-university engagement between a school principal and a school of education faculty member to a complex set of relationships involving (a) multiple disciplines and professions; (b) a set of complicated projects; (c) multiple funders; (d) a large number of faculty, students, practitioners, and community members; (e) multiple institutions interacting at multiple levels; and (f) many kinds and levels of outcomes. The centrality of the processes of colearning and interprofessional collaboration is highlighted. The factors contributing to the success of the partnership, as well as the ongoing challenges it faces, are examined. The partnership has led to a deepened understanding on the part of both the university and community regarding the research-practice relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looks back at the history of school segregation in Boston, Massachusetts that parallels to some extent the local resistance to desegregation. Creation of the first segregated public school; Enactment in April 1856 of a state legislation prohibiting racial segregation in the public schools; Protest movements in the early 1960s against discrimination in education.

Information about the general membership meeting of the Association for Social Economics held at the Sheraton Boston Hotel and Towers in Boston, Massachusetts on January 3, 1994 is presented. The treasurer Anthony Scaperlanda reported on their financial condition wherein total receipts in 1993 amounted to $37,445.79 and the total expenses were $41,587.58 that resulted to a deficit. He has also discussed the status of the organization's investment account with an interest income of $745.81.

Presents the drawings of Henry Hobson Richardson for the design of the Trinity Church in Boston, Massachusetts. Evidences of the success of the architecture of Richardson; Features of his plan for the church; Details of the competition for the design of the Trinity Church.

Presents information on the governance and politics in Boston, Massachusetts, in the 1980s and 1990s. Information on Massachusetts governance in the 1980s; Statistical information on the private sector employment by selected industries; Identification on the uneven development and the changing spatial division of labor.