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Ultrasound is a medical imaging technique that employs high-frequency sound waves to produce images of internal bodily structures. In the field of nursing, ultrasound serves as a valuable instrument for swiftly and non-invasively evaluating precise anatomical structures, such as venous cannulation, evaluating bowel peristalsis, and assessing the urinary bladder. The use of ultrasound imaging is widely accepted in the nursing profession globally, as shown by its extensive reference in the international scientific literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, originating in the uveal tract of the ocular globe. Spontaneous necrosis of choroidal melanomas is very rare, but some UMs may be predisposed to spontaneous necrosis due to rapid growth. The diagnosis of an extensively necrotic uveal melanoma can be challenging, because the associated intraocular hemorrhage makes impossible the direct tumor visualization during ophthalmoscopy. Ultrasonography is an imagistic tool based on sending and receiving sound waves (frequency above 20,000 Hz) with a probe which contains a piezoelectric transducer and works like a transmitter and receiver of sound waves in the same time. Ocular ultrasonography is the most commonly used imaging technique for determining the presence of a uveal melanoma, especially in opaque ocular media when dilated fundus examination of the eye cannot be made. In ophthalmology, we use two types of sound waves: an A-mode scan which uses frequencies of 8 MHz, and a B-mode scan for the visualization of intraocular structures which uses frequencies of 10 MHz. Ocular ultrasonography has many advantages in clinical practice, due to availability, no exposure to radiation and to low price. This article presents the difficulties associated with the diagnosis of necrotic uveal melanoma in the absence of fundus eye examination due to ocular opaque media. In this case, we should do the differential diagnosis with other pathologies that could resemble echographically uveal melanoma. In cases when ultrasonography cannot establish a clear diagnosis, we should use ancillary test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The evaluation of abdominal organs in horses represents a stringent necessity in the case of gastrointestinal emergencies (e.g., intestinal ileus). Even though physical examination represents a fundamental component of the medical assessment in these pathological conditions, the diagnostic efficiency of this method is sometimes limited by the anatomic and topographical peculiarities of the abdominal organs. The use of abdominal ultrasonography helps overcome this inconvenience by significantly reducing the areas that are clinically inaccessible. Moreover, it supplies precise information regarding the extension, severity and nature of the organ lesion in question. The ultrasonographic technique described in this article is transcutaneous, a simple, noninvasive, repetitive and relevant method for the majority of the gastrointestinal segments. The results offer a comparative perspective over the normal and pathological echotopographical and echostructural aspects of the equine gastrointestinal organs. The precise identification of the extension and severity of the lesions facilitates choosing between conservative or surgical methods of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Chylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion, we present a case of Right post-traumatic chylothorax after venous catheter placement central jugular vein and we propose the systematic use of ultrasound for the identification early detection and follow-up, since if not detected in time it can lead to malnutrition and even mortality. Resumen: El quilotorax es una causa rara de derrame pleural , presentamos un caso de quilotorax postraumático derecho posterior a la colocación de un catéter venoso central yugular y proponemos el uso sistemático de la ecografía para la identificación precoz y seguimiento, ya que de no detectarse a tiempo puede conllevar a desnutrición e incluso mortalidad.

Obiective. Determinarea indicatorilor ultrasonografici musculoscheletali caracteristici artritei psoriazice, psoriazisului tegumentar și artritei reumatoide. Material și metode. Studiu transversal a inclus 33 (36,66%) pacienți cu artrită psoriazică, 37 (41,11%) pacienți cu artrită reumatoidă și 20 (22,22%) pacienți cu psoriazis vulgaris (fără artrită psoriazică), vârsta medie 47±12,1 ani. Toți subiecții au vizat consimțământ informat, iar studiul a primit aviz favorabil a Comitetului de Etică a Cercetării a USMF ”Nicolae Testemițanu” din 21.12.2019 cu nr.21. Rezultate și discuții. Manifestările ultrasonografice în artrita psoriazică sunt similare cu cele din artrita reumatoidă, determinându-se hipertrofie sinovială, efuziune intraarticulară, semnal Power-Doppler și eroziuni. Astfel, afectarea articulară în cadrul pacienților studiați s-a manifestat prin efuziuni (dar fără date de sinovită), preponderent la pacienții cu psoriazis tegumentar (45%), spre deosebire de cei cu artrita psoriazică (27,27%) și cu artrită reumatoidă (37,83% – cei cu lipsa datelor de sinovită). Concluzii. Afectarea entezelor reprezintă principala manifestare care diferențiază artrita psoriazică de alte artrite inflamatorii, identificându-se frecvent și în cazul psoriazisului cutanat și niciodată la pacienții cu artrită reumatoidă. Eroziunile osoase s-au determinat atât la cei cu artrită reumatoidă, cât și la cei cu artrită psoriazică, cu o prevalență semnificativă în cadrul pacienților cu artrită reumatoidă.

A avaliação da composição corporal é uma das etapas mais importantes para o diagnóstico nutricional e a tomada de decisões para a intervenção nutricional e nos últimos anos vem sendo alvo de grandes evoluções. Neste cenário, a avaliação por ultrassom (US) vem ganhando destaque como um método rápido, prático e confiável para ser utilizado na prática clínica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso do US para avaliação da composição corporal e para isso foram descritos os princípios técnicos deste método, para avaliação do tecido adiposo subcutâneo (TAS) e para medida da área de secção transversa (AST) muscular. Além de ser avaliada a aplicabilidade do US comparada a outros métodos de avaliação da composição corporal em diferentes contextos clínicos, com sarcopenia e cenário esportivo, esta revisão apresenta um comparativo entre as principais técnicas de análise de composição corporal, destacando as principais vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma. Adicionalmente, são descritos os pontos anatômicos e os procedimentos para medição tanto do TAS como da AST, incluindo pontos relevantes a serem observados durante esta padronização. Diante do conteúdo apresentado é possível concluir que a ultrassonografia é capaz de fornecer uma análise precisa, reprodutível e rápida dos tecidos corporais e sua aplicação pode ser expandida em diferentes contextos clínicos e esportivos. Por fim, acredita-se no potencial de contribuição e atualização que este presente estudo promove aos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no contexto de análise da composição corporal.

Introducción: En la COVID-19, la neumonía viral es una de las mayores complicaciones. Los infiltrados pulmonares bilaterales en la tomografía computarizada son el sello distintivo de la enfermedad grave. El ultrasonido pulmonar ha mostrado ser una herramienta diagnóstica útil. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de los hallazgos del ultrasonido pulmonar en pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19 con la mortalidad en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Método: Bajo la metodología STROBE se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, comparativo, longitudinal, analítico y ambispectivo de datos obtenidos de manera retrospectiva desde abril hasta noviembre de 2020. El grupo de estudio incluyó 80 pacientes con prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasas positiva para COVID-19 y diagnóstico de neumonía, que se sometieron a evaluación con ultrasonido pulmonar los días 1 y 7 de estancia en la UCI. Resultados: Hubo 9 pacientes (11.25%) con 1-12 puntos (leve), 29 pacientes (36.25%) con 13-24 puntos (moderado) y 42 pacientes (52.5%) con 25-36 puntos (grave). En la medición correspondiente al día 7, 14 pacientes (17.5%) registraron 1-12 puntos, 9 pacientes (36.25%) 13-24 puntos y 36 pacientes (45%) 25-36 puntos. Murieron 1 paciente (4%) en el grupo de leves, 9 (8%) en el grupo de moderados y 22 (88%) en el grupo de graves. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos ultrasonográficos encontrados en los pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19 se asociaron con la mortalidad en la UCI y tuvieron un gran impacto en los días de estancia en esta, así como en los días de ventilación mecánica.

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Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practica Veterinara.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medic.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medic.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Czecho-Slovak Pediatrics / Česko-Slovenská Pediatrie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The study aimed to determine the correlation between noninvasively ultrasonographically obtained cervical vessel indices and invasively measured central venous pressure in critically ill pediatric patients. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Department of pediatric intensive care, university hospital. Material and methods: 77 patients aged 0 to under 19 years with inserted central venous catheter and central venous pressure monitoring requiring admission to the department of intensive care medicine were included in the study. Both spontaneously ventilating patients and patients on artificial pulmonary ventilation, hemodynamically stable patients, and children with circulatory support with low-dose vasoactive agents were included in the study. Each continuous variable (ultrasonographic indices, age, height, weight, central venous pressure) was summarized by descriptive statistics, the distribution of variables was examined, and the correlation was quantified by Spearman correlation. The analysis was performed in the entire data set as well as in individual patient subgroups. Results: In the group of all measurements, the collapsibility index of the internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.58, p < 0.001), the collapsibility index of the internal jugular vein in M mode (-0.45, p <0.001), and the ratio of the internal jugular vein in 30- and 0-degree position (0.43, p < 0.001) had the highest correlation with central venous pressure. In the group of spontaneously ventilated patients, the highest correlation with central venous pressure was also found for the collapsibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.51, p < 0.001), and in patients on artificial pulmonary ventilation for the collapsibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (- 0.55, p < 0.001) and the distensibility index of internal jugular vein in B mode (-0.55, p < 0.001). The correlation of the ratio of the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery with central venous pressure was low in all measurements group (0.25, p < 0.05), low in the spontaneously ventilated group (0.3, p < 0.05) and none in the artificially ventilated group (0.04). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that ultrasonographically obtained cervical vessel indices may provide a non-invasive, easily repeatable, bedside alternative to central venous pressure examination in the estimation of intravascular filling in critically ill pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the mammography-detected breast arterial calcification (BAC) and orbital color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) results., Methods: Our single-center study, included female patients who applied to our hospital between January and May 2022 and underwent mammography and orbital CDUS examinations. Two radiologists evaluated the mammograms, grouped the patients as BAC (+) and BAC (-), and performed orbital CDUS. Continuous variables obtained from CDUS were compared according to the presence of BAC. Also, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to determine the orbital CDUS threshold values for the presence of BAC., Results: A total of 119 women were included with a median age of 62 years, 57 (47.90%) had BAC. Orbital CDUS examination was performed on both eyes of 119 patients (238 eyes in total). Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) values of the ophthalmic artery (OA) (P < .001) and EDV of the central retinal artery (CRA) (P < .001) were significantly lower in patients with BAC. Pulsatile index (PI) and resistive index (RI) values of OA (P < .001) and CRA (P < .001) were higher in patients with BAC. In ROC analysis, the cut-off values for the presence of BAC were calculated as OA PI ≥1.415 and OA RI ≥0.755 (P < .001); CRA PI ≥1.135 and CRA RI ≥0.655 (P < .001)., Conclusions: Orbital perfusion disorders may be observed in patients with vascular calcification detected on routine mammography. Therefore, a more detailed evaluation of patients with BAC detected on mammography with orbital CDUS may enable early detection and treatment of ocular vascular problems., (© 2024 American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.)

Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Farmacia is the property of Societatea de Stiinte Farmaceutice Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura Alimentaria Piscaria et Zootechnica is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)