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This special issue of the Journal Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences on the topic of Modelling, Analysis, and Applications is devoted to the development of mathematical modelling, analysis, and applications, from theoretical and numerical perspectives, involving different applied sciences and engineering. It collects invited contributions, from selected quality full papers submitted to the International Conference on Mathematical Analysis and Applications in Science and Engineering (ICMA2SC2022). The conference took place in Porto, Portugal in 27–29 June 2022 (https://www.isep.ipp.pt/Page/ViewPage/ICMASC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Story of Proof: Logic and the History of Mathematics" by John Stillwell is a book that explores the development of mathematical proofs throughout history. The author examines the emergence of proofs in antiquity and the long-standing dominance of Euclid's foundations of geometry. Stillwell presents a historical narrative of mathematical achievements and subfields, highlighting the ways in which different areas of mathematics are interconnected. The book also discusses the influence of linguistic and conceptual developments on the evolution of mathematics, including the role of infinity and the impact of notation. While the text assumes some prior knowledge of mathematical proofs, it provides numerous examples and explanations to help readers understand the subject. The book concludes with a discussion of modern foundations of mathematics and the potential for computer-assisted proof and automated proof verification. [Extracted from the article]

Our study commemorates this event by presenting a retrospective of the publications related to the use of mathematical tools for the analysis of economic, ecological, and environmental phenomena. We analyzed 1257 scientific publications using bibliometric techniques to examine the most productive and influential authors and their contributions in the economic, ecological, and environmental fields. Co-authorship among the top authors and countries, co-occurrence of the keywords, bibliographic coupling of the documents and authors, and author co-citation were analyzed by applying network analysis techniques using VOSviewer software, identifying the intellectual structure of the research and the collaborative networks in the fields. The results show that mathematics has grown impressively in terms of publication and citation. The contributions come from all over the world, but the majority are from the People's Republic of China and Spain. The results also show themes and trends in the economic, environmental, and ecological fields and a predominant use of mathematical tools in optimization processes in order to rigorously substantiate the decisions of investors and policymakers. Thus, our study offers support for any researcher to understand the current state of the art and develop a comprehensive understanding of journal publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article we investigated the problem of forming in students' minds an integrated image of the way of solving mathematical problems. There were considered the possibilities of realization of intrasubject integration in the process of studying math. The methodical conditions under which due to the integrated image of the method of solving the problem the realization of the continuity of teaching mathematical disciplines during the transition from school to university was revealed. We have chosen the method of completing the square to describe the authors' methods of teaching math. Curricula and school textbooks currently in force in Ukraine were analyzed. We also considered universities' curricula of Mathematical Analysis. An experimental study with students on the formation of an integrated image of the method of solving problems, which showed positive dynamics and proved the effectiveness of the developed methodology. It was concluded that the formation of an integrated image of the method of solving problems during a long study of mathematics was possible with the correct choice of problems that are solved in a given way; application of the system of didactic principles, in particular systematicity, consistency and perspective; constant generalization and systematization of knowledge, skills and abilities of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let G(V, E) be a graph with p vertices and q edges with vertex set V and edge set E. let 'd' denote the diameter of G and d(u, v) denote the distance between the vertices u and v in G. P.Poomalai et [9]al was introduced the concept of radio analytic mean labeling in 2019.And he also indicated one more concept radio analytic mean D-distance number 2020. here we introduce a new labeling graph called Radio Antipodal Analytic mean labeling. An Radio Antipodal Analytic mean labelling of G is a function f that assigns to each vertex a nonnegative integer such that f(u) - f(v) if d(u, v) + (f(u)2 - f(v)2 (/2 = d for any two distinct vertices u, v € V(G). The Antipodal Analytic mean number of f denoted by aamn(f) is the maximum number assigned to any vertex of G. The Radio Antipodal Analytic mean number of G, denoted by Aamn(G) is the maximum value of Aamn(f) taken over all Radio Antipodal mean labelling f of G. We prove Pn, Cycle Cn, Star K1,n, Ladder Ln, n-bistar Bn,n and fan f2n+1 are the Radio Antipodal Analytic mean graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among several number triangles that exist in mathematics, Pascal's triangle is the most fascinating and prominent structure possessing numerous properties. In this paper, we will introduce a number triangle consisting of positive integers arranged in ascending to descending order so that the entries in each row would be mirror images with respect to its middle number. Using this simple number triangle, we have proved six amusing results which interestingly depend only as functions of its centred numbers. Moreover some of the concepts and results discussed in this paper have connection with Tamil literary work and triangular numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate two notions of independence—(usual) independence and complete independence—applied to the Peano axioms for the sequence of natural numbers. We review the results that, although they are independent, the Peano axioms are not completely independent. The standard proof that the Peano axioms are not completely independent is algebraic, in the sense that it makes essential reference to the relationship between several mathematical structures that satisfy, or do not satisfy, these axioms. We then present an alternative logical proof, which makes no essential references to the relationship between mathematical structures. There is a completely independent set of axioms for the sequence of natural numbers, but it is based on primitives different from those originally adopted by Peano. Therefore, we present a new completely independent set of axioms based on the same set of primitives as the one originally adopted by Peano. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The egg, as one of the most traditional food products, has long attracted the attention of mathematicians, engineers, and biologists from an analytical point of view. As a main parameter in oomorphology, the shape of a bird's egg has, to date, escaped a universally applicable mathematical formulation. Analysis of all egg shapes can be done using four geometric figures: sphere, ellipsoid, ovoid, and pyriform (conical or pear‐shaped). The first three have a clear mathematical definition, each derived from the expression of the previous, but a formula for the pyriform profile has yet to be derived. To rectify this, we introduce an additional function into the ovoid formula. The subsequent mathematical model fits a completely novel geometric shape that can be characterized as the last stage in the evolution of the sphere—ellipsoid—Hügelschäffer's ovoid transformation, and it is applicable to any egg geometry. The required measurements are the egg length, maximum breadth, and diameter at the terminus from the pointed end. This mathematical analysis and description represents the sought‐for universal formula and is a significant step in understanding not only the egg shape itself, but also how and why it evolved, thus making widespread biological and technological applications theoretically possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New oscillatory properties for the oscillation of unbounded solutions to a class of thirdorder neutral differential equations with several deviating arguments are established. Several oscillation results are established by using generalized Riccati transformation and a integral average technique under the case of unbounded neutral coefficients. Examples are given to prove the significance of new theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Sophie Germain b (1776-1831) produced pioneering work on prime numbers that greatly impressed Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss. Graph: Maria Agnesi Graph: Maria Agnesi Graph: Sophie Germain Graph: Sofya Kovalevskaya Graph: Sofya Kovalevskaya Graph: Florence Nightingale Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. In particular, she proved that if I p i is a prime number less than 100, then Fermat's equation I x i SP I p i sp + I y i SP I p i sp = I z i SP I p i sp has no positive integer solutions if I x i , I y i , and I z i are mutually prime to one another and to I p i . [Extracted from the article]