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China's paper production accounted for nearly a quarter of the world's total paper production in 2010. In this study, 23 energy saving technologies applicable to the pulping and papermaking process in China are identified and analyzed. The conservation supply curve (CSC) method is employed to assess the technical and economic aspects of energy conservation. The fuel CSC for Chinese pulp and paper industry shows the cost-effective and technical fuel conservation potential is 180 PJ and 254 PJ, accounting for 27% and 38% of total fuel used in 2010, respectively. The CO 2 mitigation potential related to the cost-effective fuel efficiency is 17 Mt CO 2 and the technical potential is 24 Mt CO 2 . The electricity CSC shows the technical electricity conservation potential is 2316 GWh, representing 4% of total electricity consumption. All of the electricity efficiency measures are shown to be cost-effective in this study. The CO 2 mitigation resulted from electricity efficiency is around 2 Mt CO 2 . In addition, sensitivity analyses for the parameters of penetration rate, discount rate, and energy price are conducted to assess their influence on the final results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to view innovation policy through the lens of policy mixes has gained momentum given the growing complexity, the dynamics of real-world policy and the wide array of difficulties to address the current great societal challenges, notably the increasing pressure on the ecosystems that support our society. One of the main challenges concerning the transition towards bioeconomy, is to gain a more in-depth understanding on the policy mix to stimulate innovation in sustainability transitions. Our paper aims at enriching the portfolio of empirical case studies on policy mixes for innovation and sustainable transitions, by investigating the development of the policy mix underpinning the sustainability transition of the pulp and paper industry in Sweden. We apply a case study approach which draws on event history analysis, semi-structured interviews with industry and policy makers, literature reviews, a participative workshop with stakeholders from the pulp and paper industry, as well as on the IEA databases on climate change and energy efficiency policies and measures. Our analysis emphasises coordination, timing and scale in policy mixes as important elements to understand how instruments interact to accelerate sustainability transitions. The mapping of the policy mix shows that destabilising policies were crucial for accelerating the transition process of the industry. Prior to novelty creation policies, destabilising policies (e.g. environmental policies) were needed for 'innovation policy instruments' to be effective. More specific instruments (e.g. carbon tax), targeting particular functions of the innovation systems, require 'on-the-ground' policy intelligence and benefit from close interaction with industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulp and paper mill effluent (PPME), a rich cellulosic material, was found to have great potential for biohydrogen production through a photofermentation process. However, pretreatments were needed for degrading the complex structure of PPME before biohydrogen production. The aim of this study was to gain further insight into the effect of an ultrasonication process on PPME as a pretreatment method and on photofermentative biohydrogen production using Rhodobacter sphaeroides NCIMB. The ultrasonication amplitudes and times were varied between 30–90% and 15–60 min, respectively, and no dilution or nutrient supplementation was introduced during the biohydrogen production process. A higher biohydrogen yield, rate, light efficiency and COD removal efficiency were attained in conditions using ultrasonicated PPME. Among these different pretreatment conditions, PPME with ultrasonication pretreatment employing an amplitude of 60% and time of 45 min (A60:T45) gave the highest yield and rate of 5.77 mL H 2 /mL medium and 0.077 mL H 2 /mL h, respectively, while the raw PPME without ultrasonication showed a significantly lower yield and rate of 1.10 mL H 2 /mL medium and 0.015 mL H 2 /mL h, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated the potential of using ultrasonication as a pretreatment for PPME because the yield and rate of biohydrogen production were highly enhanced compared to the raw PPME. Economic analysis was also performed in this study, and in comparison with raw PPME, the highest net saving was $0.2132 for A60:T45. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Swedish pulp and paper industry (PPI) must increase energy efficiency to remain competitive on the global market, which has experienced entries from countries with cheaper energy and raw material supplies. Interactions among variables for energy use, production, energy management, electricity price and firm characteristics (FC), in different types of mills, i.e., pulp, paper and integrated mills, in Sweden from 2006 to 2015 indicate that correlations among the studied variables were different in different types of mills. This difference between types of mills seemed to originate partly from varying accessibility to production residue that could be used for energy. For all types of mills, variation of electricity prices did not correlate significantly with energy efficiency during the study period. The studied FC were firm's age, number of employees, number of companies in company group, net sales and profit for the year. Energy efficiency was more affected by the variables characterizing energy and production compared to the variables representing FC. This study also suggested presence of possible discrepancies between FC that were perceived as barriers to energy management towards energy efficiency, according to previous studies, and what was shown by the data combining variables representing energy use, production and FC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparison between four gasification-based biorefineries integrated with a pulp and paper mill. It is a continuation of 'Transportation fuel production from gasified biomass integrated with a pulp and paper mill - Part A: Heat integration and system performance'. Synthesis into methanol, Fischer-Tropsch crude or synthetic natural gas, or electricity generation in a gas turbine combined cycle, were evaluated. The concepts were assessed in terms of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions and economic performance. Net annual profits were positive for all biofuel cases for an annuity factor of 0.1 in the year 2030; however, the results are sensitive to biofuel selling prices and CO 2,eq charge. Additionally, GHG emissions from grid electricity are highly influential on the results since all biofuel processes require external power. Credits for stored CO 2 might be necessary for processes to be competitive, i.e. storage of separated CO 2 from the syngas conditioning has an important role to play. Without CO 2 storage, the gas turbine case is better than, or equal to, biofuels regarding GHG emissions. Efficiency measures at the host mill prior to heat integration of a gasification process are beneficial from the perspective of GHG emissions, while having a negative impact on the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The paper drying process has the highest level of energy consumption in the pulp and paper production process. Analysis and optimization of the energy system during the paper drying process is critical for improving the energy efficiency of the entire paper mill. In the existing model for the paper drying process, the solution requires accurate boundary conditions such as the air temperature and humidity of the pocket area and the cylinder surface temperature, which are very difficult to obtain in the papermaking process. This can result in significant deviations between the model solution and the actual production process. This paper focuses on the single-tier dryer cylinder-based paper drying process that has been widely used with high-speed papermaking machines in recent years. A mathematical model is proposed based on real-time data. The verification via industrial production demonstrates that the proposed model is reliable for the paper drying process. Based on the simulation results, two optimization operations have been proposed. The energy consumption decreases from 1.51 t steam/t paper to 1.44 t steam/t paper, 4.6% of the steam and 1.26 × 106 RMB can be saved for a medium-scale paper mill with the annual production capacity of 105 t paper. Highlights • Mathematical model for the single-tier cylinder based paper drying process is proposed. • Both the steam-condensate system and the paper drying process are considered. • The simulation results are verified by the industrial data from a papermaking enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Will climate action be synergic to China's other socio-economic goals, such as poverty alleviation, healthy aging society, etc.? What kind of structural changes are needed to reduce carbon emissions in the most efficient and effective way? Paper 3: Development of the Electric Vehicle Industry in China by Jianwei Xing, Xiyuan Liu, Yushuai Zhang This paper aims to unravel the past decade's development story of the EV industry in China. Papers in this special issue are works resulted from a research project organized at the National School of Development, Peking University, and sponsored by the Energy Foundation (China). [Extracted from the article]

Green energy has become one of the most recurrent topics of the last decade, with a clear ascending trend in terms of popularity and strategic relevance. Although the term has been a fundamental element in the energy, environmental science, or engineering domains, we can now observe frequent linkages with the highly dynamic and versatile economic context. With this in mind, in the current paper, we aim to present the related literature approaches that integrated green energy in economics, while also identifying the evolutionary differences of perspectives and frameworks. Therefore, the methodology will start by showcasing the clear evolution of the concept, with statistical overviews that confirm its increasing frequency. Afterward, we will limit the review to the papers that integrated green energy in the title, in an endeavor to illustrate the main connections and synergies found within the economic and business area. A selection of 50 papers will be made, 25 being published in the 2010-2019 period and 25 starting in 2020. Consequently, a classification framework will be constructed to allocate each paper based on the general subject and the main methodology used. After profiling the periods and extracting valuable comparisons, the papers will be curated through the computation of different text-mining techniques, resulting in insightful statistics on the most common words, complementary concepts, and general sentiment. The study's main conclusion will be the observed prevalence of a new economic framework, based on economic growth and sustainability: green growth. Therefore, in terms of contribution, by using data mining and sentiment analysis, we have extracted valuable information from a large volume of text, methodically proving that green energy is frequently linked with economic development, and evolving conceptually throughout the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Economic & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

10.3390/en14102947 3 Pilatowska M., Geise A., Wlodarczyk A. The effect of renewable and nuclear energy consumption on decoupling economic growth from CO2 emissions in Spain. The last article, "Empirical Research on the Relationship amongst Renewable Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan", is authored by [[3]]. This editorial paper presents a brief review of the 11 selected papers recently published: nine from I Energies i and two from other journals, and their citations are compared. They examine the associations between foreign direct investment, economic growth, and renewable energy consumption in the case of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. [Extracted from the article]

This editorial discusses the dynamics and prospects of the energy market and energy transition. It emphasizes the global shift towards renewable energy due to government initiatives and technological advancements. However, challenges to the transition process exist, such as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global energy demand and fossil fuel prices. The editorial highlights the varying dynamics of the energy market and transition process at the national and firm levels. The collection of research papers covers topics such as renewable energy subsidies in China, efficiency of hydropower electricity generation, and the impact of oil prices on consumer and producer prices. It also explores behavioral economics and the role of natural gas in achieving urban ecological civilization. The editorial acknowledges the contributions of the authors, reviewers, and journal editors in making this collection possible. [Extracted from the article]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including the inclusion of six empirical papers, economic disparities between small E.U. member countries with differing development levels post-2004 E.U. accession, and promoting hotel employees.

Copyright of Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law is the property of Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: With heterogeneous findings dominating the growth and natural resources relations, there is a need to explain the variances in Africa's growth process as induced by robust measures of factor endowments. This study used a comprehensive set of data from the updated database of the World Bank to capture the heterogeneous dimensions of natural resource endowments on growth with a particular focus on establishing complementary evidence on the resource curse hypothesis in energy and environmental economics literature in Africa. These comprehensive data on oil rent, coal rent and forest rent could provide new and insightful evidence on obscure relations on the subject matter. Design/methodology/approach: This paper considers the panel vector error correction model (PVECM) procedure to explain changes in economic growth outcomes as induced by oil rent, coal rent and forest rent. The consideration of the PVECM was premised on the panel unit root process that returns series that were cointegrated at the first-order differentials. Findings: The paper found positive relations between oil rent, coal rent and economic development in Africa. Forest rent, on the other hand, is inversely related to economic growth in Africa. Trade and human capital are positively related to economic growth in Africa, while population growth is negatively associated with economic growth in Africa. Research limitations/implications: Short-run policies should be tailored towards the stability of fiscal expenditure such that the objective of fiscal policy, which is to maintain the condition of full employment and economic stability and stabilise the rate of growth, can be optimised and sustained. By this, the resource curse will be averted and productive capacity will increase, leading to sustainable growth and development in Africa, where conditions for growth and development remain inadequately met. Originality/value: The originality of this paper can be viewed from the strength of its arguments and methods adopted to address the questions raised in this paper. This study further illuminated age-long obscure relations in the literature of natural resource endowment and economic growth by taking a disaggregated approach to the component-by-component analysis of natural resources factors (the oil rent, coal rent and forest rent) and their corresponding influence on economic growth in Africa. This pattern remains underexplored mainly in previous literature on the subject. Many African countries are blessed with an abundance of these different natural resources in varying proportions. The misuse and mismanagement of these resources along various dimensions have been the core of the inclination towards the resource curse hypothesis in Africa. Knowing how growth conditions respond to changes in the depth of forest resources, oil resources and coal resources could be useful pointers in Africa's overall energy use and management. This study contributed to the literature on natural resource-induced growth dynamics by offering a generalisable conclusion as to why natural resource-abundance economies are prone to poor economic performance. This study further asks if mineral deposits are a source or reflection of ill growth and underdevelopment in African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research problem of this paper is related to numerous open questions in the field of energy, its understanding, its use, and the challenges of the energy future. After the introductory part, in which a brief historical overview of energy literacy is provided, the paper focuses on energy literacy, its emergence, and the different approaches to its definition and measurement. The paper analyzes the energy literacy of students at the Faculty of Economics in Rijeka based on their cognitive, affective, and behavioral skills. Their knowledge about energy, energy processes, and the energy efficiency of the objects they encounter on a daily basis is examined. Their personal attitudes and values are examined through various forms of personal initiatives and active participation in energy sustainability projects. Finally, the habits and behavioral patterns that the respondents have in their daily lives and their tendencies to save energy resources and find energy-efficient solutions are examined. Despite some positive findings, the current results are not satisfactory and point to the creation of adequate public policies with a particular focus on education and the role of the corrective mechanisms of the state, but also the need for joint negotiations between policy makers, regulators, scientists, representatives of civil society, and the business community. The particular contribution of this work is reflected in being the first research of its kind conducted among Croatian economics students, as well as among Croatian students in general; in the creation of a research instrument that is conceptually consistent with the findings from the existing literature, but with an original set of questions within each energy literacy skill adapted to the cultural and sociological background of the respondents; and in a kind of progress from previous research by taking into account the quantitative aspect (in addition to the qualitative) assessment of the respondents' energy literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the outlook of energy generation by means of transformation within the context of sustainable energy development. An analysis is conducted to assess the stability of energy systems so to implement cutting-edge energy production models at the national level, with a focus on a contemporary approach to energy modeling. Considering the energy transition and the existing constraints within the energy industry, the model assesses the feasibility of the practical advancement of renewable energy sources. The bottom-up energy model was used to determine how the components of energy development sustainability can be applied until the year 2050. To perform comparison testing with the reference state scenario, the LEAP energy model was used. This instrument was selected because of its ability to provide flexible and advanced options for selecting suitable parameters for energy transformation prediction. A progressive reduction in environmental pollution can be achieved by the deployment of current methods of energy generation by transformation until the year 2050 in Serbia, as indicated by the findings. The research highlights the significance of utilizing green energy sources for the continuing development of energy and the gradual reduction in environmental pollution through value co-creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FOUNDATIONS AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF SANITARY POLICIES The first section of this special issue tackles a number of important research questions related to the foundations and design of epidemic control policies. It particularly focuses on the comparison between the herd immunity policies (as followed in Sweden in the first COVID wave) and lockdown policies under the capacity constraints of the health system (and in particular, the capacity of intensive care units, the so-called ICU constraint), more commonly conducted in Europe in this period of time. Another nice feature of the paper is to provide an accurate introduction to the theory of herd immunity policies (in particular to the inherent concept of overshooting), not at all accounted for in the first wave of COVID-related literature which was overwhelmingly focused on lockdown and testing policies. While the entire planet seems to coexist with COVID without major problems at present, as almost all the preventive measures have been lifted, there is increasing concern among epidemiologists and expert scientists that the worse of COVID-19 might not yet be over. [Extracted from the article]

Rather than facing an isolated climate change challenge, this paper argues that the world must confront the Global Energy Challenge (GEC) that requires all countries to make trade-offs between three often competing and interrelated goals: inexpensive and reliable energy, clean air, and limiting damages from climate change. This paper presents seven facts that help illuminate the contours of the GEC and the interactions between the three goals. It concludes by outlining potential solutions: pricing energy at its full social cost, investing in technical and policy innovation, improving information on pollution and climate damages, and treating energy as a private good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

David Cobham examines the monetary policy frameworks of the MENA countries in contrast to those of other groups, notably Latin America, using the classification presented in Cobham (2021). They draw on their previous work (Abdel-Latif & El-Gamal, 2020) but here use local projection impulse response functions in their global VAR model to analyse the effects of investment on growth over periods of low oil prices and heightened geopolitical risk. This special issue brings together five papers on different aspects of the economics of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), a region which is relatively under-researched. [Extracted from the article]

This ISCEF special issue of The Energy Journal presents new results in the area of energy economics to provide new insights on commodity markets, which will be helpful for investors, policymakers and analysts. In particular, this issue focuses on studies that use recent modeling techniques and empirical design. It introduces seven studies, presented at the fifth International Symposium in Computational Economics and Finance organized in Paris on April 12-14th, 2018 (www.iscef. com). These studies focus on the investigation of the dynamics of commodity markets, discuss the consequences of uncertainty on energy prices and their effects on the real economy and financial markets, and use high frequency data and recent econometric methods to empirically investigate the interactions between commodity markets and financial markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, an improvement of the United Nations Human Development Index ( H D I ), named the Thermodynamic Human Development Index ( T H D I ), has been introduced to link socio-economics to environmental and technical pillars of sustainable development. In this paper, the T H D I is linked to the Kaya identity to bring out the quantities useful in energy economics and to obtain a clearer tool for the evaluation of sustainability. Moreover, the T H D I has been normalized for use as an index for the analysis of sustainability. The component related to environmental emissions, which is included in the T H D I , can be linked to the Kaya identity. This linkage allows us to use the T H D I for the analysis of scenarios, which is useful for evaluating the possible impacts of any future actions on the development of countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike previous studies, this paper specifically casts light on Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) oil exporters that desperately need to give a strong boost to renewable energy (RE) sources and export rather than uselessly burn their hydrocarbon resources, which support an overwhelming part of their economies. This paper extends the previous research by investigating the impact of oil revenues, innovation, financial development, and governance on renewable energy generation in eight oil‐rich MENA countries over the period 1996–2020 using the three‐stage least squares (3SLS) estimator, which is asymptotically more efficient than the two‐stage least squares (2SLS) employed in the similar‐scoped study of Bellakhal et al. (Energy Economics, 2019, 84, 104541). Furthermore, this study aims to detect structural changes in the econometric relationships between variables depending on a novel test with structural breaks proposed by Karavias and Tzavalis (Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 2014, 76, 391–407). The main findings indicate that oil rents negatively and significantly affect RE production in MENA oil exporters in general and in non‐GCC countries in particular. While renewable energy production in the GCC countries is positively and significantly affected by oil rents. Innovation‐led RE increases at a greater pace in the GCC countries than in their non‐Gulf counterparts. renewable energy production appears to be positively and significantly affected by financial development and governance in oil‐rich MENA countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the growing shares of renewable energy sources in the grids, the interest in energy storage systems has increased. The role of pumped hydro energy storage systems as flexible solutions for managing peak and off-peak prices from nuclear and fossil power plants in previous systems is now revitalized in the liberalized systems, with a volatile generation of wind and solar energy. Thus, understanding of the patterns behind the economics of energy storage is crucial for the further integration of energy storage in the grids. In this paper, the factors that impact the economic viability of energy storage in electricity markets are analyzed. The method of approach used in this study considers the electricity market price distribution, full load hours, the total costs of energy storage, and linear regression analysis. Using revenues from arbitraging a 10-megawatt (MW) pumped hydro storage system in the Western Balkans, resulting from the electricity market price distribution and the analysis of the total costs of storage, an econometric model is created. This model shows the impacting factors of energy storage development in the context of the rising renewables sector. Research shows that the previous hypothesis about the integration of energy storage systems in proportion to the increase in shares of renewables in the grids is incorrect. There is a significant correlation between energy storage revenues, the dependent variable, and the independent variables of hydro, wind, and solar generation. The conducted analysis indicates the future arbitraging opportunities of pumped hydro energy storage systems and provides useful insights for energy storage investors and policymakers. During the transitional period, until the deployment of renewables changes the effects of fossil power plants, energy storage price arbitrage is profitable and desirable for 500, 1000, and 2000 full load hours in the Western Balkan region. Despite the need for flexibility, with more renewables in the grids, large-scale energy storage systems will not be economically viable in the long run because of "revenue cannibalization". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transactive energy market is an emerging development in energy economics built on advanced metering infrastructure. Data generated in this context is often required for market operations, while also being privacy sensitive. This dual concern has necessitated the development of various methods of obfuscation in order to maintain privacy while still facilitating operations. While data aggregation is a common approach in this context, many of the existing aggregation methods rely on additional network components or lack flexibility. In this paper, we introduce Cyclic Homomorphic Encryption Aggregation (CHEA), a secure aggregation protocol that eliminates the need for additional network components or complicated key distribution schemes, while providing additional capabilities compared to similar protocols. We validate our scheme with formal security analysis as well as a software simulation of a transactive energy network running the scheme. Results indicate that CHEA performs well in comparison to similar works, with minimal communication overheads. Additionally, CHEA retains all standard security properties held by other aggregation schemes, while improving flexibility and reducing infrastructural requirements. Our scheme operates on similar assumptions as other works, but current smart metering hardware lags in terms of processing power, making the scheme infeasible on the current generation of hardware. However, these capabilities should quickly advance to an accommodating state. With this in mind, and given the results, we believe CHEA is a strong candidate for aggregating transactive energy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Memorial Event for Ansgar Belke from November 25 to 26, 2021 in Essen, Germany. Topics include examines his main areas of interest were in the fields of monetary economics, European integration, international macroeconomics and applied econometrics where he contributed significantly to understanding of monetary policy and financial markets.

By transferring power-hungry huge data centers to lightweight Internet of Things (IoT) mobile devices, mobile edge computing (MEC) has completely changed the IoT. For MEC, to optimize economic gains and motivate profit-oriented entities, the joint resource allocation and network economics problem must be solved, and the joint issue is limited by local constraints, namely, the edge server only serves multiple nearby mobile devices, which is restricted by its available energy. The article studies the jointly issue of network economics and energy allocation in MEC, where mobile device apply for offloading at a purported bid and an edge server supplies its restricted serving at an asking price. In particular, this paper puts forward two dynamic pricing double auction strategies in the MEC system, i.e., a double auction according to the break-even mechanism (DABM) and a more practical double auction based on dynamic pricing mechanism (DADPM) to decide the matching between mobile devices and edge servers, and the pricing strategy for high-priced economic profit in the case of local restricts. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed two algorithms have properties such as budget balance, individual rationality, economic benefit, authenticity. Extensive simulation experiments evaluate the efficiency of the system, and results verify that the proposed two schemes will greatly make better the economic benefits of MEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy efficiency programs funded by utility customers provide an electricity resource in most U.S. states, but their scale and cost of saving electricity varies significantly by state. In this paper, we explore the drivers of the cost of saved electricity in these programs with an econometric model and nearly a decade of data reported by efficiency program administrators. We found strong evidence for economies of scale and weak evidence for diseconomies of scale, which suggests that states with low levels of efficiency savings relative to retail sales can increase the size of their efficiency programs without large increases to the cost of saved electricity. We discuss examples of energy efficiency forecasting and potential modeling in light our econometric analysis and identify methodological improvements relevant to utilities and grid operators. This paper provides insights into the economics of customer-funded efficiency programs that will support regulators, utilities, and policymakers to utilize energy efficiency as a resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decomposition analysis is a proven approach to highlight the trends in energy economics and to clarify the changing factors in energy consumption. In Turkey, industrial sector is one of the major drivers of economy, which accounts for 32% of the final energy consumption. This paper uses the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) to divide the total energy consumption growth of ten Turkish manufacturing industries into activity effect, structure effect, and intensity effect in the period from 2005 to 2014. Manufacturing subsectors consist of (a) food products, beverages, and tobacco, (b) textile and textile products, (c) wood and wood products, (d) pulp, paper, and paper products; publishing and printing, (e) chemicals, chemical products, and man-made fibers, (f) rubber and plastic products, (g) non-metallic mineral products, (h) primary metals, (i) equipment goods, and (j) other manufacturing. Energy consumption of total manufacturing industry rose from 25,013 ktoe to 27,590 ktoe within the period. The subsector (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), and (i) analyses results reveal that the activity effect has significant contribution to energy consumption, while structure and intensity effects are negligible. On the other hand, for the energy-intensive industries, influence of structure and intensity effects has observed simultaneously. The results also show that intensity and activity effects follow similar trends. Energy intensity of manufacturing industry has followed a slightly decreasing route (0.288 ktoe/$2005 in 2005 and 0.219 ktoe/$2005 in 2014) in the period, which is an indicative of contribution of activity changes, energy efficient technologies, and other energy efficiency efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high energy consumption and the large amount of pollutants discharged by high-energyconsuming industries in the production process have posed a great threat to the ecological environment. This paper takes the theory of circular economy and the basic concept of sustainable development as the research foundation to study energy conservation, emission reduction and eco-economic construction of high-energyconsuming industries; and then it proposes countermeasures and suggestions for the ecological construction and development of such industries. The research shows that the reduction of energy consumption has contributed a lot to the reduction in the total energy consumption and the comparable energy consumption; In recent years, the energy consumption per one ton of steel has been decreasing year by year, and the energy conservation and emission reduction measures such as technological reform, policy regulation and economic coordination have played a major role in it; the energy-conservation and emission-reduction ecoeconomic system based on circular economy can mitigate improve the high energy consumption of the industries, which has laid a foundation for their ecological development. This paper has provided theoretical support and guidance for the energy conservation, emission reduction and the eco-economic construction of high-energy-consuming industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Economics & Business Review's current issue focuses on investments as a key driver of economic growth, exploring factors such as financial and labor markets and access to energy sources. The issue contains seven articles written by economists from Poland, Slovakia, Turkey, and the United Kingdom, covering macroeconomic and microeconomic issues using theoretical and empirical methods. Topics include the turnpike effect in a non-stationary Gale economy, analyst herding in target forecast prices, drivers of the savings rate in middle-income countries, the macroeconomic implications of Russian aggression against Ukraine, the impact of immigrants on the Slovak economy, the effectiveness of value investing strategies in the Polish stock market, and the relationship between trade credit policy and firm value in an emerging market. [Extracted from the article]

Extending traditional deterministic economic dispatch to incorporate significant stochastic wind power is an important but challenging task in today's power system decision making. In this paper, this issue is formulated as a chance-constrained economic dispatch (CCED) problem. Usually, in the presence of non-Gaussian correlated random variables, both the objective function and constraints are difficult to handle. To address this issue, this paper provides a novel method dealing with non-Gaussian random variables. First, the Gaussian mixture model is adopted to represent the joint probability density function of power output for multiple wind farms. Then, analytical formulae are derived that can be used for fast computation of partial derivatives of the objective function and transformation of chance constraints into linear ones. Thereafter, the CCED can be solved as a deterministic linear convex optimization with a global optimal solution. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methodology are validated via a case study with a modified IEEE 39-bus system. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

India has abundant solar power assets. Many districts get better than expected insulation compared with different parts of the world. The essential innovation for incorporating and changing sun‐based energy into electrical energy in India depends on photovoltaic (PV) cells. Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants have barely added to the nation's general introduced solar‐based force limit. The difficulties that have restrained the development of CSP and CST are part of the discussion and potential arrangements recommended. The primary difficulties for CSP and CST are identified as the absence of a dependable direct normal irradiance database, indigenous assembling, and rivalry from PV. The after‐effects of a contextual analysis evaluated the effect of indigenous assembling and economies of scale on capital expenses and levelized cost of power. We will evaluate the current status of CSP plants in this paper. The paper shows different incorporated technologies in solar thermal application in India with indigenous manufacturing and the energy policy supporting the solar thermal analyzing the barriers to implementation of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission. Also, the techno‐economic evaluation of the CSP and CST is covered. This paper provides a framework of CSP and CST technology in India's industrial sector with their impact on goods and services provided by the sector and the cost‐effectiveness of the product and technology. Furthermore, the environmental aspects and base electrical load accumulating are researched, and various policy measures and amendments are suggested to the government from this study‐based study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has the largest energy system in the world, with fossil energy accounting for 84%. The carbon neutrality target calls for peaking carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2060. By then, the non-fossil energy will account for over 80% of China's energy mix. Based on China's national conditions, this paper makes scenario analysis of carbon peaking in 2030. The results of this paper indicate that the peak values of carbon emission in 2030 depends on both the development of clean energy and the growth of energy power demand. Therefore, the growth rate of the two should be balanced to control the peak carbon emission. High-quality economic growth in China in the context of carbon neutrality requires "double decoupling", namely, decoupling GDP from the consumption of fossil energy and the growth of energy power demand as much as possible. To this end, this paper proposes a systematic solution considering both the demand and supply sides, with market-oriented measures that are workable for it. Ensuring the safe and stable supply of energy (power) is the basic principle of clean and low-carbon economic transformation, as well as a major challenge for energy system transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a path for coal power decommissioning and low-carbon transformation in line with China's national conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and society has gained the interest of academics and policymakers in recent years. Our paper aims to investigate and systemize the evidence from 1901 publications belonging to the top 1% of worldwide topics by prominence. This paper helps estimate a pandemic's short-run and longer-run effects on energy economics and environmental pollution. By systematizing the literature, we analyze key parameters influencing the deviation of previous worldwide economic and environmental development trajectories due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper examines research on the consequences of COVID-19 in five dimensions, particularly the impact of COVID-19 on (1) the environment and climate change, (2) sustainable development, (3) renewable energy and energy policy, and (4) methodology for forecasting and evaluating the energy sector and economic sectors. Our results indicate that the pandemic crisis's impact on achieving sustainable development goals in the context of energy change and pollution is controversial and complex. On the one hand, scientists are unequivocal about the positive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on improving air quality and reducing CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, the long-term effects are threatened by gaps between countries in economic prosperity and different vaccination rates. Most studies have found that only a joint social effort and international collaboration can move to a clean energy system. In addition, using the Scopus database and modern tools of machine analysis, we determine leading authors in the subject area of "renewable energy, sustainability, and the environment", as well as the top networks and scientific communities that appear within energy. The analysis of this manuscript can be helpful to policymakers and stakeholders in developing comprehensive energy efficiency programs and energy-saving strategies to achieve SDG targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their commentaries, Bunn (2021) and Ritchken (2021) reinforce the view articulated by Titman (2021), emphasizing the role that supply chain structure can have in determining economic equilibrium outcomes that are relevant to the financial hedging of commodity price risk. Their key finding is that flexible firms, that is, companies that can temporarily suspend production to avoid operational losses, for instance, due to unattractive commodity production margins, invest earlier and use less debt compared to inflexible firms. Wu and Ritchken (2021) develop and analyze a model to study how operational flexibility alters both the timing and financing of investments in production capacity. [Extracted from the article]

Space solar power is an old idea. From its initial suggestion in the 1940s to the first practical concept by Dr. Peter Glaser in 1968, it has been analyzed, studied, and refined many times. Multiple government institutions, including NASA, JAXA, ESA, and CAST have invested significant funds into developing direct space solar power research. In parallel to these direct studies, considerable investment has also flowed into enabling technologies that serve as the cornerstone of current space solar power development concepts, including space solar panels, space hardware manufacturing, low-cost launch, wireless power transfer, robotic assembly, and swarm monitoring/control. In the last few years, space solar power concepts and studies have received increased funding, including non-governmental funding showing a strong positive growth trend. Multiple reports in 2021 and 2022, including from this author, have found that while space solar power has been technically feasible for decades, falling launch and hardware costs have only recently made it economically viable as well. Despite these findings, translation from economic feasibility to economic reality will require additional high-value investment. Sourcing these new funds requires investment context. This technical paper will present a state of the industry report on space solar power, including the total and source distribution of historical investments. It further contextualizes the investments in space solar power with the scale of investment in key technologies and their current technology readiness levels. The methodologies developed for this report and the data sourced are intended to serve as a catalyst, alongside industry feedback, to create a template for ongoing reporting of this growing market sub-sector and ultimately drive the full deployment of this technology. • NASA found in 1979 that Space Solar Power was technically and economically viable. • A half-century later solar power cost has fallen 99.8 %, launch has fallen 97.6 %. • A given solar panel will produce 6–20 times as much energy in space. • Direct investment into space solar power has reached $879 million. • Critical indirect investment, including into solar PV, is in hundreds of billions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work exhibits an extensive panel dataset and data descriptor on the crowdfunding-renewable energy nexus. This new source of data may find large use in energy economics, econometrics and policy, as well as financial and microfinance analysis. The referred dataset is made of 4704 observations to related to crowdfunding campaigns from 2009 to 2021. Data can be used for diverse energy econometrics studies and data analysis, especially for socioeconomic and environmental aspects of energy innovation and efficiency investigations. The contribution offered by this paper is the correlation between two salient aspects for the first time. We have cross-referenced the data related to crowdfunding campaigns with the sustainable orientation of the countries. The extrapolated data from two datasets—i.e., Zephyr Bureau Van Dijk and the World Bank's World Development Indicators—form a new dataset that serves as a tool, as well as a guide, for future studies related to renewable energy, fintech, economic, innovation and entrepreneurship issues. Moreover, this contribution may stimulate the development of new policies and strategies aimed at supporting the transition towards the circular economy and sustainable development by creating positive externalities on a large scale by increasing social welfare and resilience applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the global economy, industrial enterprises have become increasingly dependent on energy to drive economic growth. However, the relationship between efficient energy utilization and economic growth remains insufficiently explored. Existing research primarily focuses on either economic or engineering perspectives, often overlooking the thermodynamic nature of energy conversion processes. This limitation leads to an incomplete understanding of the relationship between energy efficiency and economic growth. This paper constructs a model of energy conversion efficiency in industrial enterprises through thermodynamic analysis and further explores the relationship between energy conversion efficiency and economic growth. The findings reveal that analyzing energy efficiency from a thermodynamic perspective provides a more scientific and comprehensive insight into the actual energy utilization in enterprises, offering theoretical support for achieving the dual goals of economic growth and efficient energy use. This study not only offers new perspectives for research in energy economics but also serves as a valuable reference for policymakers and corporate managers in strategic decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – Within the framework of EU policies and measures to develop a just and fair green energy transition model. This paper aims to offer valuable insights into a paramount concern not so well debated in the literature, i.e. the spatial variation of energy poverty. Design/methodology/approach – This empirical analysis investigates the regional variation of energy poverty we draw on a sample of more than 300,000 Spanish households, extracted from the Spanish Household Budget Survey (HBS) for the period 2006–2022. To characterize the probability of a household finding itself in a situation of energy poverty the authors use a discrete choice univariate probit model. Findings – The results confirm that energy poverty is a phenomenon that is asymmetrically distributed across Spain, and mainly occurs in un-densely populated regions. In addition, the findings demonstrate that the incidence of energy poverty drivers is highly heterogeneous across regions. Research limitations/implications – The paper ends with some recommendations for policymakers suggesting that countries need to design an energy poverty policy for the households that jointly pursue both a correct identification of vulnerable groups and a match with the type of measure to the characteristics of each region. Originality/value – This study enhances previous research by considering the case of areas at a lower level of aggregation (i.e. on the NUTS two regions in Spain called autonomous communities) and offers the opportunity to tailor policies to those regions most in need. Furthermore, to provide a more realistic picture of the complex phenomenon of energy poverty, the authors use the information for the period 2006–2022 differentiating by economic micro-cycle. This timespan allows the authors to understand the dynamics of energy poverty in periods of economic crisis, including the effects of the 2008 crisis and the present global energy crisis.

For economic and ecological reasons, the interest in the energy demand of material-handling systems is rising. As a result, the operators of these systems increasingly pay attention to the energy demand and the costs resulting from it. The energy demand of automated warehouses, with multi-aisle automated storage and retrieval systems, is volatile with uncontrolled power-peaks. These power-peaks result in high energy and hardware costs. In this paper, the effect of a power-load management on the throughput of the material-handling systems is investigated. We assume that the peaks of energy consumption can be significantly reduced by delaying tasks, without having an impact on the throughput. The goal is to find out the interdependence between the electrical power-limits of the power-load management (mean power demand in a period and maximum power demand) and the throughput of the warehouse. The results show that, with a maximum power-limit and a mean power-limit, the peaks in energy consumption can be avoided with only a slight loss of throughput. Load management is an effective method to reduce the energy peaks of an automated warehouse, thereby lowering the costs of automated warehouses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combined heat and power economic dispatch (CHPED) is introduced as a difficult optimization problem, which provides optimal generation scheduling of heat and power units. The CHPED problem aims to minimize the fuel cost of CHP units with the consideration of operational constraints. In this paper, whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is employed to solve CHPED problem. WOA is a new meta-heuristic optimization technique, which is introduced recently for solving optimization problems. Social behavior of humpback whales is the basic idea of proposal of WOA, where the bubble-net hunting strategy inspires this optimization procedure. Three test systems are considered for evaluation of the performance of the WOA in solving the non-convex nonlinear CHPED problem. The first test instance, which includes 24 units, is studied for evaluating WOA performance in finding the optimal solution of CHPED problem. 84-Unit and 96-unit test systems are introduced for the first time in this paper to show the superiority of WOA in solving non-convex CHPED optimization problem. The second test system contains 40 power-only units, 24 CHP units, and 20 heat-only units. Additionally, the third test instance contains 52 power-only units, 24 CHP units, and 20 heat-only units. The obtained optimal solutions represent WOA efficiency and feasibility and capability of obtaining better solutions with respect to other optimization techniques in terms of operational cost and ability of implementation of WOA on large systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Long term electricity consumption forecasting has been extensively investigated in recent years in different countries due to its economic and social importance. In this context, the long term electricity consumption projections of a country or region are highly relevant for decision-making of companies and organizations operating in any energy system. In this paper, it is proposed a methodology that combines the bottom-up approach with hierarchical linear models for long term electricity consumption forecasting of a particular industrial sector considering energy efficiency scenarios. In addition, the Bayesian inference is used for model parameter estimation and, enabling the inclusion of uncertainty in the forecasts produced by the model. The model was applied to the Brazilian pulp and paper industry and it was able to capture the trajectory of the real consumption observed during the 2008–2014 period. The model was also used to generate long term point and probability distribution forecasts for the period ranging from 2015 until 2050. Highlights • Bottom-up Bayesian extension for the long-term electricity consumption forecasting. • The proposed model combines the bottom-up approach with hierarchical linear models. • The proposed model considers energy efficiency scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy insecurity has become an alarming issue among ASEAN countries. One proposal to overcome this energy insecurity is to integrate energy markets among ASEAN countries. In order to do this integration, a major energy policy reform, particularly the elimination of energy subsidy policies, is needed. The main goal of this paper, hence, is to analyze the impact of an energy subsidy reduction policy in ASEAN, particularly in terms of economic growth, environmental improvement and welfare distribution. To achieve this goal, this paper uses a multi-country computable general equilibrium (CGE) for Inter-Regional System Analysis for ASEAN (IRSA-ASEAN) to conduct the analysis. This paper finds that countries in which energy subsidies significantly exist, i.e., Indonesia and Malaysia, stand to gain much from eliminating these subsidies. Gross domestic product (GDP) is likely to increase, with the added benefit of reduced CO2 emissions. In terms of welfare distribution, this policy appears to be progressive in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]