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This study focuses on developing an efficient and environment-friendly drilling fluid using biodiesel as an alternative to the conventional diesel-based drilling fluid for drilling highly technical and challenging formations. The biodiesel was synthesized and produced from castor oil using the transesterification process. The physicochemical properties suggests that produced biodiesel has a high flashpoint (148 °C) and low pour point (-12 °C) compared to diesel oil. The synthesized biodiesel is utilized as a base oil to formulate an ester-based drilling fluid. A thorough experimental study is performed to evaluate the performance of formulated drilling fluid at ambient and reservoir temperature condition. A diesel-based drilling fluid is also formulated for comparative analysis. The experimental findings show that castor biodiesel-based drilling fluid's plastic viscosity and yield points are 10% and 25% higher than the diesel-based drilling fluid. However, the least filtrate loss volume is obtained for castor biodiesel-based drilling fluid than the diesel-based drilling fluid at high-temperature conditions. The filtrate loss by diesel-based drilling fluid was 17% and 9% higher than castor biodiesel-based drilling fluid at 25 °C and 100 °C, respectively. The results suggest the non-Newtonian and shear-thinning behavior of castor biodiesel-based mud (n < 1) associated with the Herschel–Bulkley model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the potential of using palm-castor oil blends as lubricating oil in industrial applications. Laboratory experiments to measure kinematic viscosity, flash point, copper corrosion, demulsibility, pour point and total acid number were conducted and compared with commercial lubricating oils. Change in kinematic viscosity with temperature of different palm-castor blends were best fitted to the Arrhenius model with R2 value higher than 0.95 and AARD% is less than 1.5%. Addition of 40 and 50% of castor oil to 60 and 40% of palm oil resulted solutions with similar properties of Hydraulic68 and SAE30, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of vegetable oil based additive for lubricating oil has attracted considerable interest due to their biocompatibility and multifunctional performances compared to conventional additives. In the present work, we have synthesized homopolymer of castor oil and copolymer of castor oil with styrene by thermal method without any solvent at different percentage composition by using BZP (benzoyl peroxide) as initiator. Characterization of the additives was completed by spectral technique (FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy). The molecular weight of the prepared additives was determined by gel permeation chromatography method (GPC method). Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) method was used to study the thermal stability of the prepared polymers. Standard ASTM methods were used to investigate the performance of all the prepared polymers in SN150 mineral oil as viscosity index improver (VII), pour point depressant (PPD) and antiwear. Biodegradability of all the polymers was determined disk diffusion method. From the experimental results, it was found that copolymers are more effective as VII, PPD and antiwear than homopolymer. Moreover, average molecular weight, thermal stability and performances as VII and antiwear increase with increasing the percentage of styrene in copolymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the isocyanate terminated castor oil based urethane oligomer (CO-IPDI) was prepared by the reaction of castor oil and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) without adding any organic solvent. After the acrylic copolymer pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) was heated at 80 °C for 20 min, it was mixed with CO-IPDI, trifunctional acrylic monomer and photo-initiator in a certain proportion to give a UV-curable peelable adhesive for silicon wafer cutting process. Before UV irradiation, the acrylate copolymer chains were cross-linked by CO-IPDI to form a network. After UV irradiation, another polymer network formed by photo-polymerization of trifunctional acrylic monomer hold together with it to form an interpenetrating network (IPN) structure. The results showed that this IPN structured UV-curable peelable PSA had a high peeling strength of 13.99 N/25 mm before UV curing to meet the suggested requirements for silicon wafer cutting process. The peeling strength was significantly decreased to 0.49 N/25 mm after UV curing, and the tape was easily peeled off from wafer with about 0.96% residual adhesive estimated by the area ratio of all residual adhesive particles to silicon wafer observed by scanning electron microscopy. This work provides a new candidate idea for green and efficient preparation of UV-curable peelable PSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyurethanes (PU) foams with titanium particles (Ti) were prepared with castor oil (CO) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as polymeric matrix, and 1, 3 and 5 wt.% of Ti. Composites were physicochemically and mechanically characterized and their biocompatibility assessed using human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSC). PU synthesis was confirmed by FTIR, but the presence of Ti was detected by RAMAN, X-ray diffraction (peak at 2θ = 40.2°) and by EDX-mapping. Materials showed three decomposition temperatures between 300 °C and 500 °C and their decomposition were not catalyzed by Ti particles. Compressive modulus (164–846 kPa), compressive strength (12.9–116.7 kPa) and density (128–240 kg/m3) tend to increase with Ti concentration but porosity was reduced (87% to 80%). Composites' foams were fully degraded in acid and oxidative media while remained stable in distilled water. HDPSC viability on all composites was higher than 80% up to 14 days while proliferation dropped up to 60% at 21 days. Overall, these results suggest that these foams can be used as scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]