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Described as the pathological breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue in response to major injury, traumatic rhabdomyolysis was first recorded, during the second world war, a far greater understanding of its pathology has informed pre-hospital assessment and management of the condition. This article describes the aetiology of the condition and explores associated complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, hyperkalaemia, acute renal failure and compartment syndrome resulting from prolonged limb entrapment. The article also reviews the literature about management of the condition for hospital and out-of-hospital settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Daytime wetting is a common problem in early childhood. This article explains how the infant's bladder develops and how children are able to develop bladder control. The need for more structured toilet training at an earlier age than is standard today is proposed to prevent children having difficulty attaining and maintaining bladder control, which may be associated with delays in becoming continent and the development of daytime wetting. The article discusses common daytime wetting problems and describes how they can be assessed using a structured, standardised approach to history taking. Management using bladder retraining in the form of modified urotherapy is outlined, which aims to retrain the bladder without the need for surgery or pharmaceutical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]