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INTRODUCTION: Exchange sex places individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD) at particularly high risk for deleterious safety and health outcomes. A substance use treatment provider who is aware of a patient’s exchange sex behavior is better able to provide appropriate screening, care, and/or referral to risk reduction services. However, little is known about exchange sex, especially purchasing, among treatment-seeking adults with CUD. METHOD: The current study examined the prevalence and correlates of sex selling and sex purchasing among treatment-seeking men and women with CUD (n = 109; ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02896712). Separate binary logistic regressions via backward elimination were used to identify best fitting models for sex selling and sex purchasing. RESULTS: Over 41% of participants endorsed exchange sex within the last 30 days; 20.2% reported selling sex and 30.3% reported purchasing sex. Sex selling and sex purchasing rates differed by gender and race. Number of sexual partners (OR = 5.83, 95% CI = 2.07-16.43), concern about contracting HIV/AIDS (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.31-3.44), cumulative interpersonal trauma exposure (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.20-2.77), years using cocaine (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03-1.20), drug-related problem days (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.00-1.14), and sexual preference (OR = 9.50, 95% CI = .69-130.35) were retained in the final model estimating sex selling (Nagelkerke R(2) = .56). In the final sex purchasing model (Nagelkerke R(2) = .46), gender (OR = 36.17, 95% CI = 2.96-441.75), number of sexual partners (OR = 6.28, 95% CI = 2.69-14.66), number of convictions (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02-1.25), and drug-related problem days (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = .92 – 1.01) were retained. CONCLUSION: Predictive models in this study identified distinct sets of variables related to sex selling and purchasing. Findings may be used to improve identification of exchange sex in the substance use treatment setting and referral to targeted interventions to reduce associated risk.

In many different cultures, some men express sexual interest in male-to-feminine (MtF) transgender individuals, but others do not. We examined whether, in Samoa, men who are sexually interested in fa’afafine (Samoan MtF transgender individuals) (MSF; N = 40) differed from men who were exclusively sexually interested in women (MSW; N = 41) in terms of their self-reported sexual attraction and viewing times responses to images of MtF transgender individuals who were feminine (e.g., had feminine hairstyles, makeup) but had not undergone gender-affirming surgeries (e.g., breast augmentation), cisgender women, and cisgender men. MSF reported that images of MtF transgender individuals were sexually attractive, although somewhat less attractive than images of cisgender women. In contrast, MSW reported that images of cisgender women were sexually attractive, but images of MtF transgender individuals were not. The groups did not differ in their sexual attraction ratings of men, which were uniformly low. MSF viewed MtF transgender individuals and cisgender women for a similar length of time and viewed both longer than cisgender men. In contrast, MSW viewed cisgender women longer than MtF transgender individuals and they viewed MtF transgender individuals longer than cisgender men. The present study indicates that responses to MtF transgender individuals vary among Samoan men who share a sexual preference for women.

In this scientific review, in order to form ideas about the possibilities of fixing reactions to erotic stimuli in pedophilia using modern technologies, the electronic resources of the scientific electronic library elibrary.ru and the MEDLINE database of the US National Library of Medicine were studied. The search was carried out using combinations of the keywords MRI, PET, EEG, event related potential with the words pedophilia, paedophilia . The theoretical concepts of the neurophysiological mechanisms of abnormal sexual preference are described, the results of the most significant psychophysiological, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies are presented.

Exit West by Mohsin Hamid propagates the reflection of a war-torn city and subsequent challenges faced by two asylum seekers. But sexual fluidity may appear as another key concern of the novel. This paper analyses the traits of sexual fluidity in Nadia, one of the protagonists of the novel experimenting her situation-dependent flexibility in sexual responsiveness. Nadia, in the beginning, is though found as a heterosexual adult girl, over time she becomes sexually fluid. Again, in the last phase of her life, she returns to meet Saeed, her first noteworthy lover with whom she shares the most crucial part of her life in home and abroad. This shifting of sexual attraction elevates questions about her sex/sexual preference broadly considering the concept of nonexclusive attractions and behaviours. Finally the paper comes to a decision how different concepts of sexuality are motivated by cultural, biological, and psychological constructs.

Introduction: the protection of minors against sexual violence is one of the main directions of the criminal policy of the Russian Federation. Investigating the issue of struggling against sexual offences committed by persons with a disorder of sexual preference in the form of pedophilia, special attention should be paid to the repetition of the acts by the covered category of persons who served a sentence for committing similar crimes. The appalling statistics confirm the need to take drastic measures to combat the disease we are investigating, as well as excluding the possibility of parole for the category of criminals we are interested in. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the issues of parole for persons serving sentences for sexual crimes against minors, to study various points of view about the possibility of getting rid of the form of paraphilia that interests us by applying special medical measures, as well as to make suggestions for solving the problem under study. Methods: the methods of induction, analysis and statistical analysis are used. Results: the author’s well-founded position is based on the legislation and the opinion of the scientific community on the issue of excluding the possibility of parole for persons serving a sentence for committing a criminal act that infringes on the sexual integrity of minors. The paper presents the brief conclusions and suggestions for improving the Russian legislation in the field of combating recidivism of the crimes we are studying. Conclusions: we have found that parole for persons serving sentences for committing acts of the category under study often leads to deplorable consequences in the form of committing new violent sexual crimes against minors. And despite the provisions in the articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that complicate the procedure of parole for pedophiles, the number of violent sexual crimes against minors committed by persons who served a sentence for committing a similar crime and are on parole is growing.

The Explicit and Implicit Sexual Interest Profile (EISIP) is a multimethod measure of sexual interest in children and adults. It combines indirect latency-based measures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT), Viewing Time (VT), and explicit self-report measures. This study examined test–retest reliability and absolute temporal agreement of the EISIP over a 2-week interval in persons who were convicted of sexual offenses against children ( n = 33) and nonoffending controls ( n = 48). Test–retest reliability of the aggregated EISIP measures was high across the whole sample ( rtt = .90, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .90) with the IAT yielding the lowest retest correlations ( rtt = .66, ICC = .66). However, these indicators of relative reliability only quantify the temporal stability of individual differences within the group, not the detectability of individual change. Absolute temporal agreement as assessed via Bland–Altman plots ranged from one fourth to three thirds of a standardized unit in the sexual preference scores. This implies that individual change has to exceed medium to large standardized effect sizes to be distinguishable from spontaneous temporal variation in the EISIP measures. Overall, scores of combined measures were largely superior to single measures in terms of both absolute and relative reliability.

A promising line of research on forensic assessment of paraphilic sexual interest focuses on behavioral measures of visual attention using sexual stimuli as distractors. The present study combined event-related potentials (ERPs) with behavioral measures to investigate whether detection of a hidden sexual preference can be improved with ERPs. Normal variants of sexual orientation were used for a proof-of-concept investigation. Accordingly, 40 heterosexual and 40 gay men participated in the study. Within each group, half of the participants were instructed to hide their sexual orientation. The results showed that a match between sexual orientation and stimulus delays responses and influences ERP before motor responses. Late ERP components showed higher potential in differentiating hidden sexual preferences than motor responses, thereby showing how ERPs can be used in combination with reaction time measures to potentially facilitate the detection of hidden sexual preferences.

Information about the LGBTQIA population is difficult to collect because of the sensitive nature of the topic of sexual preference and gender identity. This paper examines our weeding proje...

International audience; Pair bonding (i.e. individuals showing a preference for a specific opposite-sex individual) has been demonstrated in several socially monogamous species. However, social bonds also occur in nonmonogamous species, but have received less attention. Currently, we do not know whether social bonds in monogamous pairs differ from social bonds in polygynous groups. We studied the socially flexible African striped mouse in the laboratory, conducting 3h partner preference tests typically used to measure pair bonds in socially monogamous prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster. In the field, striped mice typically live in polygynous groups, but socially monogamous pairs have also been observed. We compared social bonds between 12 monogamous pairs and 12 polygynous groups (1 male and 2 females). The social situation (monogamous versus polygynous) did not influence social bonds. Female striped mice showed a preference for their partner. While males spent more time in body contact with their partner, they showed a sexual preference for strange females. Polygynous males did not show a preference for one of their two females. While significant preferences for partners were found in striped mice, social preference was less strong than that reported for socially monogamous prairie voles. In summary, our results suggest that opposite-sex social bonds not only occur in monogamous species but also in species that live in polygynous groups, but that these bonds might be weaker in polygynous species.

In mammalian reproduction, sexually active males seek female conspecifics, while estrous females try to approach males. This sex-specific response tendency is called sexual preference. In small rodents, sexual preference cues are mainly chemosensory signals, including pheromones. In this article, we review the physiological mechanisms involved in sexual preference for opposite-sex chemosensory signals in well-studied laboratory rodents, mice, rats, and hamsters of both sexes, especially an overview of peripheral sensory receptors, and hormonal and central regulation. In the hormonal regulation section, we discuss potential rodent brain bisexuality, as it includes neural substrates controlling both masculine and feminine sexual preferences, i.e., masculine preference for female odors and the opposite. In the central regulation section, we show the substantial circuit regulating sexual preference and also the influence of sexual experience that innate attractants activate in the brain reward system to establish the learned attractant. Finally, we review the regulation of sexual preference by neuropeptides, oxytocin, vasopressin, and kisspeptin. Through this review, we clarified the contradictions and deficiencies in our current knowledge on the neuroendocrine regulation of sexual preference and sought to present problems requiring further study.

Sexual attraction to children who are in the stages of physical development before the onset of puberty (Tanner stage I) or in an early stage of puberty (Tanner stages II and III) has increasingly become the focus of scientific research in recent years. Even if the etiology of these non-normative sexual particularities has not yet been sufficiently explained, their existence can nonetheless be verified both physiologically and neurobiologically (Freund et al. 1972; Banse et al. 2010; Ponseti et al. 2012). Meta-analytical studies were able to demonstrate the significance of a corresponding sexual preference in the prognosis and treatment of sex offenders (Hanson and Morton-Bourgon 2005).

El presente texto plantea un análisis crítico de las estrategias subversivas articuladas en la obra de teatro El evangelio según Santa Rita de Ana Francis Mor. En términos metodológicos, el estudio coloca la obra en el cruce entre teatralidad, religión, “mexicanidad” y re-presentación, y, apoyado en preceptos de los estudios de performance, las “políticas de identidad” y la “teología indecente”, destaca las formas en las que ésta deconstruye y reconfigura el patriarcal imaginario religioso-político nacional. Asimismo, alineada con el tono feminista y queer de la trama, esta investigación resalta la fuerza epistémica del performance como medio para “pervertir” textual y visualmente la Biblia a través de la lectura de un cuerpo marcado por su sexo, género y preferencia sexual. The present text offers a critical analysis of the subversive strategies articulated in the play El evangelio según Santa Rita by Ana Francis Mor. Methodologically speaking, this study centers Mor’s piece at the crossroads between theatricality, religion, “Mexicanness” and re-presentation, and, using performance studies, “identity politics” and “indecent theology” as a platform, it highlights the ways in which the play deconstructs and reconfigures the patriarchal religious-political Mexican imaginary. Also, aligned with the feminist and queer tone of the plot, this research underscores the epistemic strength of the performance as a means to textually and visually ‘pervert’ the Bible by embodying it in a particular sex, gender and sexual preference.

Sexual preference for the opposite sex is a fundamental behavior underlying reproductive success, but the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the role of dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) in governing chemosensory-mediated preference for females in TrpC2−/− and wild-type male mice. TrpC2−/− males, deficient in VNO-mediated signaling, do not display mating or olfactory preference toward females. We found that, during social interaction with females, TrpC2−/− males do not show increased NAcc dopamine levels, observed in wild-type males. Optogenetic stimulation of VTA-NAcc dopaminergic neurons in TrpC2−/− males during exposure to a female promoted preference response to female pheromones and elevated copulatory behavior toward females. Additionally, we found that signaling through the D1 receptor in the NAcc is necessary for the olfactory preference for female-soiled bedding. Our study establishes a critical role for the mesolimbic dopaminergic system in governing pheromone-mediated responses and mate choice in male mice.

This conversation between Vernon Rosario and William Cornell explores the meanings and challenges of nonnormative sexual preferences and the varieties and variations of gender experience and expression from personal, clinical, social, and historical perspectives. Particular attention is paid to gender presentations among contemporary adolescents. In addressing the core of the clinical issues in therapy, Rosario argues for the reliance on individuals’ psychological experiences (however complexly molded) in helping them achieve their own authentic harmony with their material bodies.

Abstract. Pedophilia – a disorder of sexual preference with primary sexual interest in prepubescent children – is forensically relevant yet difficult to detect using self-report methods. The present study evaluated the criterion validity of the Choice Reaction Time (CRT) task to differentiate between a sample of child sex offenders with a presumably high rate of pedophilic individuals and three control groups (other sex offenders, non-sex offenders, and community controls, all male; N = 233). The CRT task required locating a dot superimposed on images depicting men, women, girls, or boys and scrambled pictures as quickly as possible. We used two picture sets, the Not Real People (NRP) set and the Virtual People Set (VPS). We predicted sexually relevant pictures to elicit longer reaction times in interaction with the participant group. Both CRTs showed main effects of stimulus explicitness and preferred stimulus gender. The CRT-NRP also yielded an interaction effect of participant group and stimulus maturity while the CRT-VPS showed a tendency in this direction. The overall effect size was moderate. Results offer support for the usefulness of the CRT task in forensic assessment of child sex offenders.

The present study investigated whether the presence or absence of peripubertal ovarian hormones affects sexual preference and conditioned place preference for paced mating in adult female rats primed with 10μg estradiol benzoate and 1mg progesterone. Ovariectomy (OVX) occurred either before or after pubertal development, and 4weeks later rats began a series of behavioral tests. Rats with ovaries removed before the pubertal timeframe (Prepubertal OVX) were more active, more likely to withdrawal from the male compartment, and did not discriminate between mounts and intromissions during paced mating relative to rats with ovaries during puberty (Adult OVX). Both Adult OVX and Prepubertal OVX rats showed a higher preference for the male when hormone primed vs. oil treated and a conditioned place preference for paced mating behavior. The results of the present study demonstrate that some, but not all, aspects of female sexual behavior require ovarian hormones during puberty.

Background: Gut microbiota and its metabolites can influence brain function and related behaviors. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an indirect metabolite of gut microbiota, has been linked to aging, cognitive impairment, and many brain disorders, but its potential effects on socioemotional behaviors remain elusive. Methods: The present study investigated the effects of early life systemic TMAO exposure and intra-hippocampal TMAO infusion during adulthood on socioemotional behaviors in mice. Hippocampal metabolomics analysis was performed to explore its potential mechanisms. Findings: The results showed both systemic TMAO exposure in post-weaning period and intra-hippocampal TMAO infusion during adulthood decreased social rank and reduced sexual preference in adult mice. Metabolomics analysis showed the behavioral effects of TMAO were associated with alterations of particular metabolic and signaling pathways in hippocampus, including AMPA receptor, FOXO, and endogenous cannabinoid retrograde signaling pathway. Interpretation: TMAO may affect socioemotional behaviors by regulating hippocampal metabolism. Funding Statement: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81771462, 81501150), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (H2018206119, SLRC2019047), Foundation from Educational Commission of Hebei Province of China (ZD2019059), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-5-055), and Special Foundation for Excellent Undergraduate Students from Hebei Medical University (USIP2020016). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: All animal experiments were reviewed and approved by the Local Animal Use Committee of Hebei Medical University, following its guidelines for the use and care of laboratory animals.

An immutable sense of one being male or female is biologically based. While it is consistent with genital anatomy in most persons, a significant number of individuals' gender identity is discordant with natal sex. Transgenderism can occur without a concurrent intersex condition and is independent of sexual preference. The genesis of gender dysphoria may relate to the temporal discrepancy between the formation of the genital anatomy in the first 2 months of pregnancy and the sexual differentiation of the brain in the second half of pregnancy. The two processes may involve different mechanisms.

Dermatofitoses são infecções superficiais fúngicas que acometem os carnívoros domésticos. Microsporum e Trichophyton. são os dois gêneros que causam a referida infecção com as espécies Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum e Tricophyton mentagrophytes, e a espécie mais diagnosticada é o M.canis. Trata-se de uma antropozoonose de grande importância na saúde pública. Objetivou-se avaliar a casuística de dermatofitoses no atendimentode dermatologia do HOVET-UFRA. A positividade ocorreu em 11,98% (49/409) dos animais atendidos. Sendo 39 em caninos e 10 felinos. Os animais SRDs, tanto em cão quanto em gatos, foram maioria nos casos positivos. Destes 23/39 (58,97%) foram cães e 6 (60%) gatos. Não houve preferência sexual entre os animais positivos.

When rams and ewes interact freely, dominant rams perform the greatest number of copulations. However, the sexual preference of the female might influence the final distribution of ejaculations, and preference for subordinate rams could be evolutionary advantageous. To determine the sexual preference of the ewe for dominant (DOM) or subordinate (SUB) rams when rams’ activity is restricted, 28 ewes and 8 rams were used. Rams were classified into DOM and SUB by competition in pairs for an estrous ewe and were kept in dyads until the end of the experiment. Ewes were induced into estrus using progestagen-impregnated intravaginal sponges, and 24 h after sponge withdrawal, the sexual preference of the ewe for DOM or SUM rams was determined individually. Both rams were tethered with a 4 m long lasso in opposite corners of a 4m × 12m pen, and all the interactions were video-recorded. The test was repeated with seven ewes for each dyad of rams. The evaluation period started when the ewe allowed her first mount and ended with the last. At the end of each test, each ewe was removed from the pen and the location of the rams were exchanged. The time the ewe received the first to the last mating averaged 16:55 ± 1:25 h:min. Overall, ewes entered more times and remained longer in the zone of the SUB (entrances: 68.9 vs 29.1; pooled SEM = 9.0; P = 0.001; time into the zone: 3.66 ± 0.56 h vs 1.04 ± 0.51 h; P=

BDSM is an omnibus term covering a spectrum of activities within bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism relationships. To date, BDSM practitioners experience stigma due to a general unfamiliarity with the practice and marginalization of this type of sexual behavior. Destigmatization occurs partly through knowledge expansion and identification with the stigmatized group. In this study within the Belgian population, we aimed to characterize certain aspects of socioeconomic status and specific BDSM preferences of individuals with differing BDSM experience levels. We show that individuals who perform BDSM in a community setting (BDSM clubs, events. BDSM-CP) are generally higher educated, are significantly younger when first becoming aware of their inclination toward kink-oriented sex, and have a more strict BDSM role identity (Dom vs. Sub) than individuals who engage in BDSM-related activities in a private setting (BDSM-PP). This latter group in turn display a more pronounced Dom/Sub identification than individuals who only fantasize about the practice (BDSM-F). Our data indicate BDSM interest is a sexual preference already manifesting at early age, with role identification profiles becoming gradually more pronounced based on the practitioner's contextual experience.

The current political discourse in the United States focuses on extreme political polarization as a contributor to ills ranging from government shutdowns to awkward family holidays. And indeed, a large body of research has documented differences between liberals and conservatives-primarily focused on Republicans and Democrats in the United States. We combine large international surveys and more fine-grained surveys of United States citizens to compare differences in opinion between Republicans and Democrats to the full range of world opinion on moral issues (N = 37,653 in 39 countries) and issues of free speech (N = 40,786 in 38 countries). When viewed in the full distribution, polarization between Democrats and Republicans appears relatively small, even on divisive issues such as abortion, sexual preference, and freedom of religious speech. The average Democrat-Republic overlap is greater than 70% of the country pair overlaps across eight moral issues, meaning that 70% of the country pairs are more dissimilar from each other than Democrats and Republicans are dissimilar; similarly, the average Democrat-Republic overlap is greater than 79% of the country pair overlaps across five freedom of speech issues. These results suggest that cross-cultural comparisons are useful for putting differences between political partisans within the same country in context.

In correctional settings, a diagnosis of sexual sadism is likely to have negative consequences for the person thus assessed. Sexual sadists are typically considered high risk, non-eligible for parole, and difficult to treat. Hence, sexual sadists have good reasons to dissimulate or outright deny their sexual preference disorder. Methods have been developed to overcome the risk of faking; for example, the use of clinician ratings and the recording of physiological responses are potentially less prone to faking than are self-report measures. In the current chapter, we review the evidence for and against phallometric assessment, indirect measures, and structured clinician ratings. The Severe Sexual Sadism Scale (SeSaS)—its development, properties and definitions—is highlighted. This file-based screening can guide the diagnostic process in forensic cases in which sadism is suspected. Finally, the proper use of SeSaS is explained.

The article examines expert and diagnostic aspects of "ego-sintonic / ego-dystonic" types of attitudes to sexual desire and describes importance of studying the basis of desire in the context of sexual offenses against minors. We present results of empirical research which aims to study perception features of the sexual preference object in persons with pedophilia depending on the attitude to sexual desire. The study based on data provided by laboratory of forensic sexology, V.P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Addiction, Ministry of Health Care of the Russian Federation. The sample consisted of 30 men with such sexual desire disorder as pedophilia. The results analysis showing differences in the perception of the object of sexual desire according to different attitude to the desire. The results indicate that different types of attitudes to sexual desire correspond to certain characteristics of the perception object. Identified patterns can be used in the creating the criminal prospective portrait, dealing with expert issues, developing correction and preventive programs for patients with a diagnosis of pedophilia.

The process of gender transition has varying effects on various aspects of sexuality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transitioning on transgender persons' sexual preferences and partnerships. Data were collected through an anonymous online survey. Questions focused on timing of gender transition in relation to change in sexual preference. Transgender individuals have a variety of sexual partners, predominantly cisgender, and may change sexual preference when they transition. Transitioning can be associated with having no primary sexual partner, despite past sexual partnerships. Length of time between identifying as transgender and starting the transition might be associated with changing sexual partner preference, particularly in transgender women. The emerging trends of sexual partnerships and changing sexual preferences related to the transition in this study warrant further investigation. These data provide more understanding of the relationship between transitioning and sexual preferences and partnerships.

Objectives: Pedophilia (P) is a psychiatric disease associated with sexual attraction toward children and often accompanied by child sexual offending (CSO). Consequently, it is important to address the understanding of executive dysfunctions that may increase the probability of CSO. Moreover, this research field has been lacking to disentangle executive deficits associated with pedophilia (as a deviant sexual preference) from those associated with CSO (as a deviant sexual behavior). Methods: The German multi-sided research network NeMUP offers the opportunity to overcome these limitations. By applying the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery in four carefully matched groups of men: (1) pedophiles with (N=45) and (2) without (N=45) a history of sexual offending against children; (3) child molesters without pedophilia (N=19), and (4) non-offending controls (N=49), we were able to analyze executive functioning in pedophilia and CSO independently. Results: Both CSO groups as compared to both non-CSO groups exhibited worsened response inhibition ability. However, only non-pedophilic offenders showed additionally disabled strategy use ability. Regarding set-shifting abilities, the P+CSO group showed the best performance. We also found that performances were affected by age: only in pedophiles, response inhibition worsened with age, while age-related deficits in set-shifting abilities were restricted to non-pedophilic participants. The latter also differentiated between both sexual preference groups. Conclusions: Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference. Furthermore, there was evidence for differentiating age and performance correlations between pedophiles and non-pedophiles, which warrants further investigation. (JINS, 2017, 23, 460–470)

Este trabalho foi do tipo exploratório e retrospectivo através do estudo de dados secundários acerca da infecção pelo vírus HIV, no município de Teresina-PI, no período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2010. Assim, este estudo objetivou a caracterização de variáveis epidemiológicas, sociais e comportamentais, relativos aos indivíduos portadores do vírus HIV-1 no estado do Piauí. A coleta e pesquisa dos dados foram desenvolvidas no Laboratório Central (Lacen). A amostra foi composta por 805 pacientes assistidos no Lacen que apresentam sorologia positiva para o vírus HIV. A análise descritiva dos 805 pacientes, 60% eram do sexo masculino e 40% do sexo feminino. Do total, 468 estavam na faixa etária dos 31 a 50 anos de idade, 221 entre 18 e 30 anos e 115 maior de 51 anos. Quanto à preferência sexual foi observado o processo que já se tornou comum no Brasil como um todo, de “heterossexualização” perfazendo um total de 80%, 8% afirmaram ser bissexuais e apenas 12% homossexuais. A maior parte dos indivíduos infectados assumiu utilizar apenas “às vezes” o preservativo (46,3%) antes da contaminação, 9,1% informaram usar sempre a camisinha e 44,6% informaram nunca terem utilizado antes da infecção. Com relação à cor/raça os pacientes se autodeclararam em grande parte como pardos, 364 do total, 270 como branca, 168 como preta, dois amarelos e um indígena. Na variável grau de escolaridade, pode ser observado que 38 indivíduos afirmaram não possuir nenhum nível de escolaridade, 526 possuíam primeiro grau incompleto/completo, 176 segundo grau incompleto/completo e apenas 65 com ensino superior incompleto/completo. Desta forma, fica evidente a necessidade de implantação de medidas que visem ampliar e disseminar informações educadoras para as mais diversas classes sociais.

Healthy individuals tend to consume available rewards like food and sex. This tendency is attenuated or amplified in most stress-related psychiatric conditions, so we asked if it depends on endogenous levels of the ‘canonical stress hormone’ cortisol. We unobtrusively quantified how hard healthy heterosexual men would work to consume erotic images of women versus men and also measured their exposure to endogenous cortisol in the prior two months. We used linear models to predict the strength of sexual preference from cortisol level, after accounting for other potential explanations. Heterosexual preference declines with self-reported anhedonia but increases with long term exposure to endogenous cortisol. These results suggest that cortisol may affect reward-related behavior in healthy adults.

Multiple factors determine handedness including genetics, prenatal stress and post-natal environmental conditions. Atypical handedness, whether manifest as increased sinistrality or decreased strength of lateral preference, has been noted in a wide variety of populations with neuropathology. Those with atypical sexual preferences, specifically paedophilia, also manifest reduced rates of right-handedness. This paper uses the largest sample of phallometrically assessed men to date to establish the pattern of atypical handedness in paedophilia. Specifically, whereas prior research has largely characterized participants dichotomously as right-handed or non-right-handed and/or used self-report of writing hand, this paper expands upon such reports by using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory's laterality quotient. Participants' handedness and phallometrically assessed sexual preference were analyzed both as continuous and categorical variables, and the responses of those scoring in the range of ambiguous-handedness were evaluated to ascertain whether they were ambiguously handed or more accurately described as mixed-handed. Results indicated those producing scores in the range of ambiguous-handedness demonstrated response patterns consistent with ambiguous-handedness, rather than mixed-handedness. Paedophiles demonstrated high rates of non-right-handedness primarily manifested as sinistrality, whereas those who had a sexual preference for pubescent children evidenced increased ambiguous-handedness. Results support a view of ambiguous-handedness as less pathological than previously hypothesized, and of a neurodevelopmental origin of paraphilic sexual preferences.

On the surface, negative comments by students about race, gender, or sexual preference may seem to be part of the benign banter of youth, but they're exactly where teachers should start their battle — and lessons — to build a better child and world.

The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond (1957) functions as a searing retort against the American medical model which, for decades, demonized drug and alcohol users by labeling them as “disabled”; medicalized social “deviants”; pathologized sexual preference; and attempted to eradicate physical, psychological, and sexual non-normativity through eugenics. By depicting characters grappling with issues such as substance addiction, homosexuality, and euthanasia, Tennessee Williams not only exposes and challenges the flawed logic of eugenic theory and the fallacies of such medical discourse, but also, in the process, reveals that the provincialism, rigid social norms, and narrow-mindedness of the South—a society of “double games”—in effect paralleled such ideologies and facilitated the construction of non-conformity and non-normativity as medical “pathologies.”

Bisexual people suffer from stereotypes and negative attitudes. The authors investigated one possible explanation for this bi-negativity: that bisexuality, being nonmonosexual, challenges the deep-rooted dichotomous gender construct. Sixty-two participants were randomly assigned to read one of two vignettes: One blurred gender differences, the other emphasized them. Results showed first that there was greater bi-negativity among men compared to women. Among participants who were not personally acquainted with bisexuals, those in the blurring condition displayed less bi-negativity than those in the emphasizing condition. Findings suggest that the binary gender construct can indeed interfere with acceptance of bisexuals. This, in turn, suggests a way to reduce bi-negativity and thus may prove beneficial in improving the well-being of the bisexual community. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Bisexuality for the following free suppleme...

This chapter focuses on women’s processes of getting tattooed and their relationship with their tattooed bodies. Interviews showed that the process of tattooing changed the women’s perspectives on their bodies. It gave them a feeling of agency and a sense of control. The women found tattoos desirable, but there seemed to be no relation between women’s feelings about tattoos and their choice of partner. The feeling of desirability was, therefore, less a sexual preference, than a feeling connected with the positive experience of embodiment which the act of tattooing had provided for the women. According to my analysis, in the context of getting tattooed, it was a question of desire being powerfully productive.

Testosterone has been linked to a sexual preference for bodies rather than faces. Low digit ratio (2D:4D) and high facial width-to-height ratio (WHR) are associated with high prenatal testosterone. We tested whether low 2D:4D and high facial WHR were correlated with a preference for bodies over faces. Our sample consisted of 109 college students (64 males). A two-way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant main effect of digit ratio on the priority placed on paying attention to faces or bodies such that low 2D:4D was linked to a preference for bodies, but the effect of sex was not significant. There were no significant interaction effects. Another two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant effects for facial WHR and attentional priority but significant associations between sex and attentional priority. There were no significant interaction effects. Our findings indicate that individuals with low digit ratios tended to pay more attention to bodies than to faces compared with individuals with higher digit ratios, independently of sex. We also found that males tended to pay more attention to bodies than to faces compared with females, independently of facial WHR.

Sexual orientation is a complex area. It is unclear to date how people precisely establish their preferred sexual objects. This paper presents two cases, whose heterosexual preference were changed in late adolescent age after a severe psychological event, to draw attention to the study of the possible underlying mechanism. Case 1, one identical male twin, was seriously punished at age 12 years, as he loved a girl in his classroom. Afterwards, he feared to contact with girls, and became attracted to young men at age 17 years, and kept same-sex sexual behaviors since then. However, his twin brother is always heterosexual. Case 2, a girl at age 16 years, was unexpectedly betrayed by her boyfriend, she bore great pain and distress in the beginning. Since then, she had a definite opinion that men were unbelievable, and gradually turned her heterosexual preference and had same-sex sexual behaviors with a girl classmate more than 3 years. Our case presentation indicates that severe frustration of primary heterosexual desires or behaviors and the successive cognitive regulation might lead susceptible adolescents into reorienting their sexual preference. The role of prefrontal cortex and related neuromodulatory pathways were discussed.

Female rats display a conditioned partner preference for males that bear odors paired with different types of rewarding unconditioned stimuli (UCS). Here we examined whether tickling constitutes a rewarding UCS that supports the development of partner preferences. In Experiment 1, we tested the possibility that odors associated with a tickling UCS in prepubescent rats would induce a conditioned partner preference in adulthood. Two groups were formed with 31-day-old, single-housed females, tickled for 6 min daily for 10 days, by a hand that wore a scented glove (almond or lemon). At 47 days of age, females were ovariectomized (OVX), hormone-primed (EB + P), and tested for sexual partner preference with two scented stud males (one almond and one lemon). In each group, females displayed a sexual preference toward males bearing the odor paired with tickling, as observed with longer visits, more solicitations, hops & darts, and receiving more intromissions and ejaculations from the preferred male. In Experiment 2, we used 3-month old, OVX, hormone-primed rats conditioned every 4 days for 10 trials. In contrast to juvenile females, adult females failed to prefer males that bore the odor paired with tickling but instead preferred the novel male. These results suggest that tickling has opposite age-dependent effects in the conditioning of partner preference. Tickling in juvenile females appears to act as a rewarding UCS, whereas in adult females it may act as an aversive UCS. Further research is needed to understand brain mechanisms that might account for such differences.

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the sexual preference effect in depicted male sexual assault. Consistent with Davies et al., the study seeks to predict that males are more blaming toward gay victims of male perpetrators and heterosexual victims of female perpetrators, while females would not blame the victim.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 200 participants read a hypothetical scenario depicting a case of the non‐consensual touching of an adult male, and then completed a victim blame scale.FindingsAnalysis of variance confirmed predictions. Results are discussed in relation to gender beliefs and homophobia. Suggestions for future work are proposed.Originality/valueThis study confirms the existence of the sexual preference effect in attributions toward male victims of sexual assault utilising a scenario depicting non‐consensual touching. These findings extend current knowledge in this growing area.

If your son likes sissy stuff or your daughter shuns feminine frocks, he or she is more likely to buck the heterosexual norm. But predicting sexual preference is still an inexact science

In general, patients with prostate cancer are able to maintain a relatively high quality of life (QOL), commonly reporting improvements in physical, emotional, and social functioning within 1 year of treatment. However, certain subpopulations of patients are susceptible to significant reductions in QOL during the course of their treatment. Data suggest that ethnic background and sexual preference both have significant effects on QOL for patients with prostate cancer. These parameters are often poorly documented and addressed by medical practitioners. Greater attention is needed to identify patients who are at increased risk of QOL reduction as a result of these factors.

In her recent article, Hebephilia: Quintessence of Diagnostic Pretextuality (published in Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 2010), Karen Franklin expands on her previous argument that psychologists and psychiatrists should not diagnose as abnormal hebephilia, the sexual preference for early pubescent children. She supports her argument with a series of claims about the contents of the empirical literature and the scientists who produced it. The present document provides fact-checking of those claims, revealing that Franklin's conclusions are based largely on demonstrable falsehoods.