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Depletion in the levels of fossil fuels and increasing environmental concerns associated with the rise in consumption of conventional fuels are among the top global concerns. Finding an alternative sustainable fuel that matches the performance characteristics of diesel/petrol fuels as well as decreases the exhaust emissions has been a challenging task. After deliberate research, it is found that every alternative fuel is associated with different problems when they are used independently, thereby limiting its benefits. Scientists suggest that using different fuel blends might lead to sustainability. This article is the analysis of data obtained from the experimentation based on two different alternative fuels, Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME)-based biodiesel and Rapeseed Oil (RO), blended with diesel (D) and Isopropanol (P) into three different proportions each. Tests were carried out in a compression ignition (CI) engine, and comparisons are based on the resulted performance and exhaust emission characteristics. The two different alternative fuels are blended into the following proportions to make six fuel mixtures, D50RME30P20, D50RME40P10, D50RME45P5, D50RO30P20, D50RO40P10 and D50RO45P5. The tests are carried out at different loads (BMEP) and are compared to that of pure diesel. Using the experimentation results, we also obtained the combustion characteristics of all fuel mixtures for further evaluation

During a fuel injection cycle pressure inside Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) fuel injection system varies from low (~50 bars) to very high (~1500 bars) in fractions of seconds depending on the operating conditions. Physical properties of fuel including density, acoustic wave speed and bulk modulus also vary as a function of rapidly varying fuel pressure. A detailed analysis of these key fuel properties with our improved frequency dependent model with viscous damping developed in MATLAB is presented for both diesel and biodiesel fuel Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME). Quantitative analysis of developed model confirms that model predictions are quite realistic and accurate across range of operating conditions of diesel engine.

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the diesel engine performance and emission characteristics, when operating on diesel fuel and various diesel-biodiesel (B10, B20, B40, B60) blends, at various loads and engine speeds. The experimental tests were performed on a four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct injection, naturally aspirated, 60kW diesel engine D-243. The in-cylinder pressure data was analysed to determine the ignition delay, the Heat Release Rate (HRR), maximum in-cylinder pressure and maximum pressure gradients. The influence of diesel-biodiesel blends on the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (bsfc) and exhaust emissions was also investigated. The bench test results showed that when the engine running on blends B60 at full engine load and rated speed, the autoignition delay was 13.5% longer, in comparison with mineral diesel. Maximum cylinder pressure decreased about 1–2% when the amount of Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) expanded in the diesel fuel when operating at full load and 1400 min–1 speed. At rated mode, the minimum bsfc increased, when operating on biofuel blends compared to mineral diesel. The maximum brake thermal efficiency sustained at the levels from 0.3% to 6.5% lower in comparison with mineral diesel operating at full (100%) load. When the engine was running at maximum torque mode using diesel– RME fuel blends B10, B20, B40 and B60 the total emissions of nitrogen oxides decreased. At full and moderate load, the emission of carbon monoxide significantly raised as the amount of RME in fuel increased. First Published Online:16 Dec 2014

The article presents the results of comparative motor research on FAME biofuels using diesel engine VALMET 320 DMG. Energy (ηe, be) and environmental parameters (CO2, CO, NOx, HC, SM) of the engine were estimated. The obtained data on motor research into new biofuels show that the properties of Camelina sativa biofuels are as good as those observed in standardized rapeseed methyl ester biofuels. In case of using Camelina sativa biofuels blends VME and ZME at different engine loads, exhaust emissions from gas smoke could be reduced up to 10% and 30% accordingly comparing with mineral diesel. When the engine is fueled with tested biofuel blends, carbon monoxide emissions decrease by about 5–6%, and the factor for effective performance increases by approximately 4%. In all range of engine loads, an increase in nitrogen oxide emissions reaching 2–3% was observed. In all cases of using biofuel blends, carbon dioxide emissions keep close to the application of mineral diesel. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiami RRME biodegalų palyginamųjų motorinių bandymų, kurie buvo atlikti dyzeliniame variklyje VALMET 320 DMG, rezultatai. Įvertinti variklio energetiniai (ηe, be) ir ekologiniai rodikliai (CO2, CO, NOX, HC, SM). Atliktų naujų biodegalų motoriniai tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad naujų Camelina sativa biodegalų savybės nenusileidžia standartizuotiems rapso metilesterio biodegalų savybėms. Lyginant su mineraliniu dyzelinu, naudojant Camelina sativa biodegalų mišinius VME ir ZME, skirtingais variklio apkrovos režimais galima sumažinti išmetamųjų dujų dūmingumą atitinkamai iki 10 % ir 30 %. Varikliui dirbant bandomaisiais biodegalų mišiniais, buvo pasiektas 5–6 % anglies monoksido emisijos sumažėjimas ir 4 % naudingo veikimo koeficiento padidėjimas. Visame variklio apkrovos diapazone stebimas 2–3 % azoto oksidų emisijos padidėjimas. Anglies dioksido emisija visais biodegalų naudojimo atvejais išlieka artima mineralinio dyzelino naudojimui. Raktiniai žodžiai: dyzelinis variklis; biodegalai; Camelina sativa; rapso metilesteris

The number of various transport facilities used in Europe is rapidly growing. They release a big amount of pollutants into the atmosphere. Therefore, environment protection from these pollutants ejected by internal combustion engines is a key problem facing us today and which will be acute in the future. Biofuel is the only effective and widely used alternative fuel which can reduce pollution of the environment. The main aim of the present paper is to perform a comparative analysis of burnt gases of engines using rapeseed oil methyl ester and petroleum diesel oil and to determine ecological effectiveness of biofuel used in diesel locomotive engines in railway transport. First published online:27 Oct 2010

Biodiesel is one of the promising alternative fuels of the future that is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel can be produced from rapeseed, soybeans, coconut oil, jatropha and many others. It is important to analyze the effect of comparison between diesel fuel and biodiesel to study the effect of combustion and emissions of these fuels. In this research, the simulation of combustion and emission is done with Diesel RK. Three fuels are studied; diesel fuel, rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and soybean methyl ester (SME). The engine was simulated at 2000 rpm and the injection pressures were 944, 1191, 1297, 1420 and 1729 bar respectively. The results show that the specific fuel consumption (SFC), particulate matter (PM), and CO2 emissions of diesel fuel are relatively the same for different injection pressures. However, the SFC, PM and CO2 emissions for rapeseed methyl ester and soybean methyl ester decrease with increasing injection pressure. These results can prove that higher injection pressures in diesel engines can improve combustion and reduce emissions of biodiesel fuel as compared to diesel fuel.