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In recent years, an increasing number of competing firms have started to integrate their product attribute development and advertising strategies by targeted advertising of the best-developed attribute of their product. With a focus on such integration and its potential effects, we establish an analytical model in which two competing firms sell multi-attribute products. Each firm can choose which attribute to focus on in its development strategy and which attribute to emphasize in its advertising strategy. By optimizing the development and advertising strategies of these firms, we first verify the integration of these two strategies as each firm advertises only its developed attribute. Second, we find that advertising, according to the firms’ development choices, plays distinctive roles on profit generation: the difference-alleviating or difference-strengthening effect. Therefore, when determined endogenously, the advertising intensities show qualitatively different changing trends: a monotonous curve in the same-attribute-development case but an inverted-U shaped curve in the different-attribute-development case. Third, we find advertising establishes a connection between firms’ attribute development choices, making them depending not only on their own development cost. A smaller difference between the development costs of these firms or a higher advertising efficiency increases the firms’ willingness to develop a same attribute. We also extend our analysis to the flexible quality level of the non-developed attribute, asymmetric substitution degrees between attributes and prices, or the endogenous attribute development levels, and study how the interactions between the product development and advertising are affected. This paper highlights the importance of making development and advertising strategies jointly.

Project managers supervise projects to ensure their smooth completion within a stipulated time frame and budget while guaranteeing construction quality. The relationships of various attributes with quality can be quantified and classified to facilitate such supervision. Therefore, this study used a data mining algorithm to analyze the relationships between defects, quality levels, contract sums, project categories, and progress in 1,015 inspection projects. In the first part, association rule mining (ARM), an unsupervised data mining approach, was used to obtain 11 rules relating two defect types (i.e., quality management system and construction quality) and determine the relationships between the four attributes (i.e., quality level, contract sum, project category, and progress). The resulting association rule may be beneficial for construction management because project managers can use it to determine the correlations between defects and attributes. In the second part, supervised data mining techniques, namely neural network (NN), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree (C5.0 and QUEST) algorithms, were applied to develop a classification model for quality prediction. The target variable was quality, which was divided into four levels, and the decision variables comprised 499 defects, 3 contract sums, 7 project categories, and 2 progress variables. The results indicated that five defects were important. Finally, the four indicators of gain chart, break-even point (BEP), accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the model. For the SVM model, the actual value predicted by the gain chart was 96.04%, the BEP was 0.95, and the AUC was 0.935. The SVM yielded optimal classification efficiency and effectively predicted the quality level. The data mining model developed in this study can serve as a reference for effective construction management.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the content quality and accuracy of the YouTube videos about the Botox application during gummy smile treatment and to analyze the efficacy of these videos in informing the healthcare professionals and the patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The first 200 videos resulting from the search on YouTube by using the keywords "gummy smile/Botox," which were determined by Google Trends, were evaluated in the study. One hundred fourteen out of these 200 videos were included in the study. The videos were calculated using these descriptive features. A content scale consisting of 8 categories was used to determine the content levels of the videos and the video information and quality index scale was used to determine the quality level. RESULTS The most mentioned subjects in the videos were "Description" of the gummy smile and Botox treatment (71.9%), "Advantage" of Botox treatment (51.8%), "Procedure" (48.2%), and "Prognosis" (47.4%). The "Contraindication" was mentioned rarely (2.6%). A statistically significant difference was found between the videos with different content levels in terms of Description, Advantage, Indication, Procedure, Complication, Prognosis, and Cost. Likewise, there was a statistically significant difference between videos in distinct content level groups in terms of video information and quality index total score. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the YouTube videos about Botox applications in gummy smile treatment was found to be low in general. It is important for the physician who will perform the procedure to explain the procedure to the patients in detail. In addition, YouTube was determined to be insufficient for accessing high-quality information for students, assistants, and specialist physicians.

The internet has greatly altered the way that people and institutions communicate. One of the most recent changes is the growth of the Open Access (OA) model, where research articles are provided free of charge to readers online. Such changes are having a domino effect on traditional communication. In most cases, articles in professional journals have been evaluated by a strict peer-review system. However, due to the inherent problems with these peer reviews, such as the length of time it takes referees to complete their analysis and the reviewer’s personal biases and potential unethical behavior, there is a growing consensus that a different review method needs to be developed for OA articles. In addition, the internet has led to the development of many new professional journals, which range from poor to excellent, based on the articles accepted. Unfortunately, some journals are being published solely for monetary gain from high author fees.Presently, different review methods are being suggested or implemented for articles, such as ranking systems, online commentaries and crowdsourcing, Also, various institutions are publishing lists that rate academic journals on their quality level. Such experimentation of review models is important. However, after the trial period, the primary OA sources need to agree on using the same review model. Consistency of evaluation is critical for readers to be able to make objective comparisons of scholastic articles from one OA site to another.

Kebutuhan akan penggunaan data di era ini semakin berkembang seiring dengan semakin meningkatnya minat peneliti dan mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan tugasnya. Salah satu website yang menyediakan data statistik terpercaya adalah Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Proses pencarian data membutuhkan lebih banyak waktu dan akurasi. Oleh karena itu, tampilan dan tingkat kualitas sebuah situs web dianggap sebagai faktor penting. Website yang mudah dipahami pengguna akan sangat membantu proses pencarian data menjadi lebih efektif. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode WebQual 4.0 dan IPA dengan mengambil peneliti yang pernah menggunakan website BPS sebagai responden penelitian ini. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan survei online dan teknik wawancara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui skor tingkat kepentingan dan tingkat kinerja pada faktor Usability, Information Quality, dan Service Quality pada website BPS serta memetakan hasil temu kembali data ke dalam kuadran Cartesian.

The article is devoted to topical problems of labor rationing in organizations of the real sector of the economy. First, the author reveals the meaning and essence of labor rationing, gives a retrospective of approaches to labor rationing, clarifies the concept and content of intra-organizational labor rationing in modern conditions. Taking into account the possibilities of using modern information and communication technologies in the organization of labor rationing, due attention is not paid. In this regard, the leading organizations of various types of activities of the Altai Territory studied the features and modern problems of intra-organizational regulation of labor. The provision of the staff and the conditions for training specialists — work rate setters in organizations, the used normative reference books, the applied methods of work rate setting, assessed the quality level of the current labor standards. The author has systematized traditional and modern domestic and foreign methods of microelement rationing of labor. Based on the results of the study, the author presents specific recommendations for building a microelement regulatory framework for an organization in the context of digitalization. Among them deserve the greatest interest, according to the author, specific automated systems and programs for the rationing of labor, as well as the graphic-analytical method and the Gauss method.

PCR has gotten one among the chief important strategies presently used in bioscience, diagnostics and measurable science. Here we survey the historical backdrop of PCR improvement and subsequently the advances that have developed from the principal PCR technique. As of now, there are two principle regions of PCR usage in bioscience: high-throughput PCR frameworks and microfluidics-based PCR gadgets for purpose of-care (POC) applications. We likewise examine the commercialization of those strategies and close with a look into their changes and use in imaginative territories of biomedicine. for example , ongoing opposite record PCR is that the highest quality level for SARS-CoV-2 judgments. It could even be utilized for POC applications, being a critical segment of the example to-answer framework.

Because of the stochastic nature of production systems, it is necessary to first build an uncertainty model for subsequent real applications. Moreover, process parameter planning, quality design, and production inventory management are interdependent elements. In this research, a computer simulation model via computer-aided engineering (CAE) was developed to determine the optimal process parameters, lot size, and back order intervals for an integrated process design and inventory management system with simultaneous quality and cost considerations. Based on the estimated process time and costs obtained using CAE, the derived production rate and unit cost were then used for production inventory applications. In consideration of the uncertainty factor, the response surface method (RSM) was employed to analyze the output, namely the total costs incurred in employing the proposed approach, as well as the inputs, which include the cutting parameters, production quantity, and back order intervals. After the RSM was used to obtain the response functions, which represent the output of the collective interests, the mathematical programming (MP) was formulated based on the response functions to determine the optimal process parameters, process quality levels, production order quantities, and back order intervals. The total cost per set time unit was minimized by determining the required quality level, process parameter values, Economic Production Quantity (EPQ), and back order intervals. A cutting example was chosen to demonstrate the proposed approach. Two cases were used for comparison: the Integrated Case (the proposed approach herein) and the Disintegrated Case.

Learning products that have been designed and developed by the teacher/researcher must be tested first to determine their quality level before being disseminated to the broader community. This research is a development product testing phase by going through the validity, practicality and effectiveness test phase, which is the final part of a research and development (R&D) design. There are three groups of participants involved in this study: two validators, five elementary school teachers, and 25 students from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Majene, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several instruments were used in collecting data in this study, namely: (a) validation sheets, (b) teacher response questionnaires, (c) student response questionnaires, (d) learning implementation observation sheets, and (e) learning outcomes tests. The data that have been collected are then analyzed using a quantitative approach with the help of the SPSS version 20.00 application. The results showed that the Integrating, Rationale and Approach Participation (IRA) learning model was proven to be valid, practical, and effective through a series of tests carried out. Thus, this environment-based IRA learning model can be used by a broader range of users.

Algeria is a country rich in natural resources; however, exports towards industrial countries required high food quality standards, which demand progresses within industry’s food control systems. This work was lead to evaluate the quality of 12 purchased honey samples from different origins from Algeria. Physicochemical properties, total flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities by a spectrophotometric method and spectral print of honey by Raman microscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results obtained indicate a good quality level and good maturity. The discrimination between honey types was achieved by multivariate data analysis (principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis). This study provides for the first time the Quantitative Spectrometric Variety-Activity Relationships (QSV-ARs) developed for predicting the antioxidant activities (DPPH and ABTS).

The research aimed to reach the best quality standards of Sewing protective Isolation clothes produced from Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics through studying the effect of some Sewing variables represented in the type of Sewing stitch (Sewing stitch class 300 under No. 301, called lock stitch - cover stitch Class 500 under No. 514, called a - 4 thread overlock stitch), needle number (14,12), stitch density (12,10,8 stitches / inch), and the tension level on sewing thread (Tension 1, Tension 2, Tension 3) ), and that is on the properties of the Sewing Seams represented in (tensile strength of sewing, elongation, percentage of Sewing performance efficiency, Sewing Stiffness, Seam pucker), in order to identifying the best Sewing variables that give the best quality factor of the Sewing Seam properties. To achieve this goal, the most widely used Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics in the local and international markets were selected, and the natural and mechanical properties were identified which are represented in (weight per square meter, thickness, tensile strength, percentage elongation, Stiffness), laboratory tests for Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics and their Sewing Seams were performed in the chemical laboratory for examination and tests at Misr Helwan Company for Spinning and Textile, where 32 experiments were done. The research reached the following results: * An existence of an effect of the Sewing variables relating to the study on the Sewing Seam properties of Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics, and a correlation relationship was found between each of the Sewing variables and the Sewing Seam properties, which were represented by graphs and radar shapes. * The Lock stitch "301" recorded the highest values of the measured Sewing properties, followed by the 4 thread overlock stitch "514" with most of the sewing variables in the current study for the simple Seam S.Sa-1. *Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics achieved the best results in the Sewing properties of the simple Seam S.Sa-1 with the Lock stitch "301" using needle number (12), stitch density (10 stitches / inch), and tension level (2) as the sample No. (5) Exceeded all research samples with a quality factor of (97.7%). * Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics achieved the best results in the Sewing properties of the simple Seam S.Sa-1 with a 4-thread overlock stitch "514" ,using a needle number (12), stitch density (12 stitches / inch), and tension level (2), as the sample No. (26) Exceeded all research samples with a quality factor of (96.7%). The most important research recommendations: 1- The necessity of linking all the fields of scientific research, the clothes and textile industry, and social problems, through research applications to reach the best performance for clothes made of Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics, and keeping on their consumer age. 2- To benefit from the results of the current research in the manufacture of protective Isolation clothes produced from Nylon Taffeta SBL fabrics to raise their quality level and to qualify them to compete locally and internationally. 3- Paying attention to prepare a guidebook for the quality standards of sewing different fabrics in line with the nature of the final products.

The validity and reliability of the test is very important before the test is used to measure student achievement. This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the summative English test for fifth grade public elementary schools 058238 Bukit Rata in the academic year 2019/2020, and to investigate the quality level of the summative test of English in elementary schools. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The subjects in this study were students of grade V public elementary school 058238 Bukit Rata in the academic year 2019/2020. The data analysis technique used is quantitative analysis by testing the validity, reliability, level of difficulty, distinguishing power, and tricking effectiveness. The data obtained were analyzed using the ANATES version 4 program and manual calculations using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that, the level of validity of the English test in grade 5 elementary school before the revision based on material aspects, construct aspects and language aspects obtained a percentage of 73% with a good category. After being revised, based on material aspects, construct aspects and language aspects obtained a percentage of 90% with a good category. The reliability test was carried out twice, namely the questions before expert validation and after expert validation. The results of the reliability test on the first question were the value of -0.084 in the unreliable category because the value was ≤ 0.700. Furthermore, the second test of English test reliability was carried out. The results of the second test reliability test, namely the KR 20 formula with the help of the Excel program obtained a value of 0.413 in the sufficient category. The level of validity and reliability of the English test in grade 5 elementary schools. Before the revision, the number of valid questions was 4 valid questions or 16% of the total questions. Furthermore, the number of questions that can be accepted is 17 questions, but 13 questions are not valid. So it is necessary to improve the overall problem. After the revision was made, the number of valid questions was 16 valid questions or 64% of the total questions. Furthermore, the number of questions that can be used is 15 questions, because one significant question has a low difference power, so the question is not used. The validity and reliability of the English test in fifth grade public elementary school 058238 Bukit Rata should be revised becausereliability is used as an indicator in believing the value of a test because it has consistency. While the test must be valid because it is used as a development and evaluation of a test. In addition, validity is also needed to determine the feasibility of items.

Knowledge management system is a system used by permanent employees of PT.Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang which aims to accommodate all the knowledge or work experience known to all employees at PT. Sriwidjaja Palembang Fertilizer. In this study there are some problems such as material shared by the admin such as videos, modules and other material that cannot be downloaded by users or users, there is no menu to connect to admin or system users, when the user or user shares learning material or work experience there is no notification directly to the system whether rejected or approved by the admin, there is no menu that can help beginners who are first using the knowledge management system. The purpose of this research is to analyze the quality level of knowledge management system services and how to improve the quality of knowledge management system services by utilizing the Quality Function Deployment method. to identify by distributing to respondents who were processed using Quality Function Deployment (QFD). The results of the distribution of questionnaires get a value of 3,764 with a low category which means it needs to be improved and processing in the QFD method in the House of Quality matrix there are 16 technical responses as a solution to improve service quality. Priority determination is obtained from calculating the relationship between user desires and technical responses then used to determine the priority of improvements that will be applied first.

A research was conducted in 2019 to assess the favorability of Badakhshan climatic condition for production and marketing of saffron. The data was collected through questionnaires from 30 participants of Badakhshan saffron farmers, specialists, professors, school of economics and agriculture departments. According to the average results of the total respondents it is said that climatic condition of Badakhshan is 76.2% favorable for saffron cultivation. The marketing evaluation is said that 23% of Badakhshan saffron is consumed at home, 40% is sold in local market, 20% percent is sold in national market and 17% is sold in international markets. 36% respondents believe that saffron has very little effect, and 57% said that it has little impact and 7% of the respondent answered that saffron has great effects on the farmers’ income in Badakhshan. Therefore, it is concluded that the Badakhshan climatic condition is favorable for production and marketing of saffron but it requires government and relevant agriculture departments and NGO’s to supply saffron roots, focus on farmers training and marketing of saffron to raise its quality level and increase the farmer’s income in Badakhshan.

Background: Carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) monitoring during sleep, is crucial to identify respiratory failure in patients with neuromuscular disorders (NMD). Transcutaneous PCO2 monitoring is an available technique to measure PCO2. Objectives: To assess the quality level of transcutaneous blood gas measurements via SenTec monitor. Methods: A 12-month analysis of SenTec measurements was conducted in a Belgian Centre for Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV). Over two consecutive nights; SpO2 and PCO2 measurements, the presence of PCO2 drift and drift correction with SenTec, were reviewed and scores (0, 1, 2 for poor, medium and high level) were assigned to estimate the quality of measurements. Results: Sixty-nine NMD patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 48/69 used HMV. PCO2 drift and drift correction were present in 15% and 68% of the 138 recordings, respectively. The quality level of measurements throughout night 1, scored 1.55 (0–2). The relevance of our clinical findings from SenTec scoring 1.94 (1–2); was considered highly satisfactory. HMV was ineffective in 24/48 patients. Among 12 patients with hypercapnia, 8 patients improved PCO2 between night 1 and 2. Among 12 patients with hypocapnia, PCO2 improved in 4/12 patients, who reached the range of normal PCO2 (35–47 mmHg). Conclusions: The quality of SenTec measurements was acceptable in the majority of recordings and clinical findings were deemed satisfactory in all cases. A single SenTec measurement was sufficient to determine the need for NIV. However, two SenTec registrations were insufficient to both improve NIV effectiveness in 50% of cases, and, to ensure follow-up of our interventions.

The study of mosque acoustics, concerning acoustical features, sound quality for speech intelligibility, and additional practical acoustic criteria, is commonly overlooked. Acoustic quality is vital to the fundamental use of mosques, in terms of contributing toward prayers and worshippers’ appreciation. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of the acoustic quality level and the acoustical characteristics for two modern mosque buildings constructed in Erbil city. This work investigates and examines the acoustical quality and performance of these two mosques and their prayer halls through room simulation using ODEON Room Acoustics Software, to assess the degree of speech intelligibility according to acoustic criteria relative to the spatial requirements and design guidelines. The sound pressure level and other room-acoustic indicators, such as reverberation time (T30), early decay time, and speech transmission index, are tested. The outcomes demonstrate the quality of acoustics in the investigated mosques during semi-occupied and fully-occupied circumstances. The results specify that the sound quality within the both mosques is displeasing as the loudspeakers were off.

The surface topography’s subsurface layer condition and the wear elements of balls operated in the mills using wet and dry grinding are studied. The factors that determine the tendency for products to increase its level of wear and cracking during operation have been revealed. Measures have been developed, and its implementation made it possible to manufacture grinding balls at a new quality level with high performance characteristics according to wear resistance and impact resistance.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to develop a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level, which will allow to effectively control the process of nanopatterning on the surface of semiconductors with tunable properties. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses the IDEF0 methodology, which focuses on the functional design of the system under study and describes all the necessary processes with an accuracy sufficient for an unambiguous modelling of the system's activity. Based on this methodology, we have developed a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level and tested its effectiveness through practice. Findings: The paper introduces a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures on the surface of the given quality level semiconductors and identifies the main factors affecting the quality of nanostructures as well as the mechanisms for controlling the formation of porous layers with tunable properties. Using the example of etching single-crystal indium phosphide electrochemically in a hydrochloric acid solution, we demonstrate that the application of the suggested model provides a means of forming nanostructures with tunable properties, assessing the quality level of the nanostructures obtained and bringing the parameters in line with the reference indicators at a qualitatively new level. Research limitations/implications: Functional modelling using the IDEF0 methodology is widely used when process control is required. In this study it has been applied to control the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level on the surface of semiconductors. However, these studies require continuation, namely, the establishment of correlations between the technological and resource factors of synthesis and the acquired properties of nanostructures. Practical implications: This study has a significant practical effect. Firstly, it shows that functional modelling can reduce the time required to form large batches of the given quality level nanostructures. This has made it possible to substantiate the choice of the initial semiconductor parameters and nanostructure synthesis modes in industrial production from the theoretical and empirical perspective. Secondly, the presented methodology can be applied to control the synthesis of other nanostructures with desired properties and to reduce the expenses required when resources are depleted and the cost of raw materials is high. Originality/value: This paper is the first to apply the IDEF0 methodology to control the given quality nanostructure synthesis. This paper will be of value to engineers who are engaged in the synthesis of nanostructures, to researchers and scientists as well as to students studying nanotechnology.

This article makes it possible to verify the role of quality management in strengthening the innovation process. The first hypothesis, according to which the quality (certification ISO 9001) influences the innovation positively, is confirmed for certain innovation indicators. Another hypothesis indicates that there are the levels of quality which develop the innovation process in diverse ways. The results indicate that for some domains of innovation, the performance of innovation of enterprises that have a very increased level of quality is higher than those of enterprises with an average quality, which in return is higher than those enterprises having a low quality level. Therefore, we discovered that the difference of performance innovation among enterprises having an average quality and those having a low level quality is not significant. This study suggests, thus, that in order to significantly ameliorate its innovation performance, the company must possess a quality system that is solidly established.

This paper discusses the implementation of the Programa de Fortalecimento Academico (Academic Strengthening Program) at the University of Pernambuco, and how this program has propelled undergraduate education, through the promotion of projects of three specific actions of this institutional policy: pedagogical innovation, experience of curricular components and initiation to teaching through tutoring. The analyses of the actions’ results, in the past five years, were carried out in a qualitative perspective, through a descriptive study, which sought to understand each action. With the application of multiple methodological perspectives, constructed by the professors participating in the projects, the Programa de Fortalecimento Academico (Academic Strengthening Program) has been contributing to raising the quality level of the activities developed for teaching in the various undergraduate courses offered by the University.

Nowadays, the growing role of logistics centers is observed within supply chains. These centers operate on the competitive market and face growing customers’ requirements. Such occurrence forces these centers to implement various technological solutions in order to improve the quality level of their services. The article’s aim is to investigate the actual development stage of modern technologies used in logistics centers, as well as identify the benefits and threats related to these technologies’ implementation. The case study of logistics centers located in Poland has been considered. The current condition of technological development of logistics centers was analyzed based on questionnaire survey methodology. Based on survey’s results, it was stated that domestic logistics centers are constantly evolving; nevertheless, the need for further development is observed.

One of the empirical and image products of the Republic of Moldova is bee honey. Its assortment is due to the variety of landforms, as well as the diversity of flora specific to geographical regions. During the Covid-19 pandemic, domestic consumers had limited access to bee honey. This was caused by the restrictions imposed in order to organize fairs and agricultural markets which are one of the main sources for the purchase of bee products in the Republic of Moldova. At the same time, the analysis of trademarks in supermarkets highlighted the preferences of honey consumption as follows: polyfloral honey—28.57%, lime honey—20.40% and acacia honey—14.28%. In order to evaluate the quality of honey from small producers and highlight the specific characteristics of geographical areas, 60 samples were analyzed that included 3 types of honey: polyflora, sunflower and linden collected from 3 different geographic areas: Soroca area (North), area Ungheni (Center), Stefan Voda area (South). Honey samples were declared harvest of 2020. They were analyzed physico-chemically using methods provided by national and EU standards. The results obtained from the analysis of pollen in honey confirm the botanical origin declared by beekeepers and allowed to highlight the types of pollen specific to each area. Following the determination of qualitative indices: reaction with ethyl alcohol, with resorcinol; insoluble matter, cereal flour, gelatin and starch, it was found that the most inconsistencies were found in linden honey. Some indicators were close to the maximum permissible values specified in regulatory documents. The water content found in the honey samples was quite varied, and ranged from 16.05% ± 0.11% to 19.89% ± 0.13%, but these samples were within the limits of the standards. Total acidity ranged from 6.19 ± 0.13 to 27.20 ± 0.03 which falls within the established norms (up to 50.00 cm3 NaOH solution in (milliequivalents) per 100 g of honey). According to the SIE Lab space, all samples have a yellowish tint, this is indicated by positive values on the b* axis. However, honey samples from the southern region of Moldova showed the presence of greenish pollen, as evidenced by the reduced values on the a* axis. Our research reveals the quality level of honey from three different areas of the Republic of Moldova and the variation of quality parameters due to factors such as geographical region, climatic conditions, botanical origin and handling or storage conditions.

The integration between art and science is required for the student in the department of architecture. This paper concentrates on the importance of integration between artistic skills and scientific abilities for the student to achieve high quality level of learning in the department of architecture in Iraq. It analyses the criteria of the architectural education and the educational method used. It demonstrates the integration relationship between art, science and architecture. It follows a descriptive analyses methodology to investigate the skills and abilities required for the student to cope with the criteria of architectural education. It conducted a case study on students in the department of architecture in Iraq to explore the impact of having these skills and abilities on the student’s progression. It explains why a few students only graduate with high grades. The results obtained showed that the integration between artistic skills and scientific abilities is very important for the students. On the other hand, developing the artistic skills is harder than developing the scientific abilities in architectural education.

A B S T R A C TPain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual orpotential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. APS-POQ-R (RevisedAmerican Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire) is a measuring tool for assessingthe quality of postoperative pain management by exploring patient experiences andoutcomes. This research aims to assess the quality of postoperative pain managementat Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and to determine the factors that influenceit. The Cross-sectional observational analytic study was conducted toward 51respondents. Data was collected primarily by using questionnares and interview. Datawas analyzed by using chi-square. The study showed that the quality of postoperativepain management at RSUP Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang has goodquality with a total of 27 patients (52.9%). From statistical analysis there wassignificant relationship between the quality of post-operative pain management withage (p=0,037), gender (p=0,027), ethnicity (p=0,039), education level (p=0,039), andeconomic level (p=0,005). So it can be concluded that was a significant relationshipbetween the quality of post-operative pain management with age, gender, ethnicity,education level, and economic level.

Although Indian construction companies are facing serious problem of not accomplishing quality level due to ineffective quality management systems. An appropriate mechanism is required for supporti...

Consumers are often uncertain about their valuations for product quality when choosing among different products and will learn their valuations only after buying and using a product. Some consumers may thus experience overpurchase or underpurchase regret, depending on whether they have purchased a higher- or lower-quality level than what they would have chosen had they known their true valuations. When consumers anticipate their potential postpurchase regret, their purchase decisions may be affected. Our analysis shows that overpurchase regret lowers the firm’s profit, but underpurchase regret can benefit the firm if consumers’ overpurchase regret is not strong. When the firm optimally designs its product line, the quality difference between its offerings will be larger (smaller) if consumers’ anticipated regret increases (reduces) its profit. Surprisingly, although anticipated regret tends to reduce consumers’ utility, in equilibrium, the presence of anticipated regret can increase consumers’ expected surplus. We further examine when the firm should allow consumers to return their products by paying a restocking fee and how the optimal restocking fee will change with consumers’ propensities for the two types of regret. We also experimentally show that consumers’ propensities of underpurchase and overpurchase regret are different and can be influenced by the firm’s messages. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.

Currently, effective quality management of manufactured products is a factor determining the development of manufacturing companies. However, the identification of the source of non-compliance and the analysis of its causes are sometimes underestimated and are not followed by appropriate methodologies. The study aimed to streamline and improve the production process of aluminium pistons for passenger cars by solving the problem related to a significant number of non-compliant products. The analysis of types of nonconformities identified through penetration testing was performed. The use of histogram, brainstorming session and Pareto-Lorenz diagram was proposed, which allowed identifying the causes of the problem. The presented solution shows the practical effectiveness of a sequence of selected instruments to solve production problems. The proposed sequence of methods can be implied in other qualitative analyses in different companies.

Background: Although equine assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) are rapidly increasing, as are cancer survival rates, little is known about the engagement of cancer survivors in EAAT. One may conceptualize equine or horse related activities as occurring in rural areas; however, the rural status of EAAT centers are not fully reported.Purpose: To explore the rural status of EAAT centers, and whether EAAT is provided for cancer survivors and the more common service for post-traumatic stress disorder at those centers.Method: A quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted of publicly available data after an exempt status decision of an Institutional Review Board. Services using EAAT for those with terminal illnesses, post-traumatic stress disorder and cancer survivors were examined. Rural status was evaluated for all organizational members (N = 784) of Professional Association of Therapeutic Horsemanship International (PATH Intl.). Roy adaptation model was used as a theoretical framework in this project.Findings: All types of the organizational members, cluster in urban areas more than rural areas. Significant relationship (p = 0.039) was found between rural status and type of membership, where more urban than rural centers were premier accredited center members. Most of the contacted and responding centers stated that they do provided EAAT for cancer survivors (n = 204); however, only (n = 26) centers have programs specifically designed for cancer survivors.Conclusion: There are not only less EAAT rural than urban centers, but rural centers also tend to have lower quality level membership based on PATH Intl. standards. Although EAAT is provided for cancer survivors, identifying effective ways to provide EAAT and standardization of programs for cancer survivors is recommended. DOI: http://doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v20i2.601

Ongoing pursuit of greater process quality has always granted manufacturers advantage in an increasingly competitive market place. This has prompted numerous researchers to develop quality assessme...

Необхідність координації зварювальних робіт викликана значними ризиками невиконання вимог до зварних з’єднань. Відомо, що застосування стандартів координації зварювальних робіт впорядковує діяльність по забезпеченню якості зварювання, що позитивно сприймається замовниками та іншими зацікавленими сторонами. Однак вплив системної координації в зварюванні на об’єктивні показники рівня якості зварних з’єднань у виробництві потребує вивчення. Порівняльному статистичного аналізу впливу системної координації зварювальних робіт на рівень якості зварних з'єднань передувала процесно-орієнтована розробка і впровадження комплексу процедур координації зварювальних робіт у виробництво зварних рам. Запропонована схема взаємодії та класифікація процедур координації в зварюванні. Процедури поділені на три групи. До першої групи віднесені процедури довгострокового забезпечення якості зварювання. Друга група – процедури забезпечення якості зварювання при виконанні Заявки (Замовлення, Контракту). Третю групу формують процедури забезпечення та поліпшення якості зварювання з'єднання. Реалізація нормативно орієнтованого вмісту процедур забезпечує допуск персоналу необхідної кваліфікації, застосування відповідного зварювального устаткування, матеріалів, технічної документації, термічної обробки, технічного контролю. Все це в комплексі забезпечує виконання вимог до зварного з'єднання заданої товщини основного металу, типу з'єднання і шва. На виробництві були отримані дані про рівень якості зварних рам до впровадження та після впровадження міжнародних стандартів координації зварювальних робіт. З застосуванням контрольних карт Шухарта показано, що забезпечення якості шляхом координації зварювальних робіт дозволяє стабілізувати процес зварювання, переводячи його в статично керований стан при дворазовому зниженні частки невідповідних одиниць у вибірці. The need for coordination in welding is due to the significant risks of non-compliance with the requirements for welded joints. It is known that the request of coordination standards in welding streamlines the work of ensuring the quality of welding, it is positively perceived by customers and other stakeholders. However, the effect of system coordination in welding on objective indicators of the quality of welded joints during production requires detailed studying. The comparative statistical analysis of the effect of system coordination in welding on the level of welded joints' quality was preceded by the process-oriented development and implementation of a set of procedures for the coordination of welding operations in the production of welded frames. A scheme of interaction and the classification of coordination procedures in welding have been proposed. The procedures were divided into three groups. The first group includes long-term welding quality procedures. The second group is the procedures for ensuring the quality of welding in the execution of a Request (Order, Contract). The third group consists of procedures to ensure and improve the quality of welding a joint. The implementation of regulatory-oriented content of the procedures ensures the admission of personnel with necessary qualifications, the application of appropriate welding equipment, materials, technical documentation, thermal treatment, technical control. All this together ensures that the requirements for the welded joint, the specified thickness of the main metal, the type of a joint and seam, are met. Data on the quality of welded frames during production were obtained prior to and after the introduction of the international standards of coordination in welding. Using the Shewhart charts has shown that ensuring quality by the coordination in welding could stabilize the welding process, translating it into a statically manageable state while doubling the proportion of nonconforming units in the sample Необходимость координации в сварке вызвана значительными рисками невыполнения требований к сварным соединениям. Известно, что применение стандартов координации в сварке упорядочивает деятельность по обеспечению качества сварки, положительно воспринимается заказчиками и другими заинтересованными сторонами. Однако влияние системной координации в сварке на объективные показатели уровня качества сварных соединений в производстве требует изучения. Сравнительному статистическому анализу влияния системной координации в сварке на уровень качества сварных соединений предшествовала процессно-ориентированная разработка и внедрение комплекса процедур координации сварочных работ в производство сварных рам. Предложена схема взаимодействия и классификация процедур координации в сварке. Процедуры разделены на три группы. К первой группе отнесены процедуры долгосрочного обеспечения качества сварки. Вторая группа – процедуры обеспечения качества сварки при выполнении Заявки (Заказа, Контракта). Третью группу составляют процедуры обеспечения и улучшения качества сварки соединения. Реализация нормативно ориентированного содержания процедур, обеспечивает допуск персонала необходимой квалификации, применение соответствующего сварочного оборудования, материалов, технической документации, термической обработки, технического контроля. Все это в комплексе обеспечивает выполнение требований к сварному соединению, заданной толщины основного металла, типа соединения и шва. На производстве были получены данные об уровне качества сварных рам до внедрения и после внедрения международных стандартов координации в сварке. С применением контрольных карт Шухарта показано, что обеспечение качества путем координации в сварке позволяет стабилизировать процесс сварки, переводя его в статически управляемое состояние при двукратном уменьшении доли несоответствующих единиц в выборке.

Este artigo se refere aos resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a argumentação no ensino de Ciências e de Biologia. Sua singularidade está na construção de um Modelo Didático Misto (MDM), tendo como objetivo identificar se o MDM criado possibilita em alunos do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental e na terceira série do Ensino Médio a construção da argumentação de qualidade. Deve também verificar qual é o lugar e a relação entre explicação e narração com argumentação. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa é do tipo intervenção por intermédio de sequências didáticas, além da obtenção do diagnóstico inicial de concepção e habilidade argumentativa pela aplicação de questionário e obtenção de novas concepções, por meio da realização de um grupo focal pós-intervenção do MDM. Quanto aos resultados obtidos, esses foram relevantes tanto para a qualidade dos argumentos como das argumentações, pois houve um avanço de qualidade à medida que o MDM foi desenvolvido em suas fases e, quando analisadas as construções dos discentes, se constatou que houve avanço de qualidade estrutural e de conteúdo dos argumentos e das argumentações, uma vez que o nível de qualidade (NQA) nos alunos do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental avançou do nível 1 para o nível 5 com a intervenção do MDM. Na terceira série do Ensino Médio, o NQA avançou de 2 para 5. A partir do MDM, também foi possível posicionar o lugar e identificar qual é a relação entre explicação e narração com argumentação.

Pain is a defensive admonition sign enacted by tissue harm during various neurotic procedures. The clinical indication of pain is individual, multifactorial and extremely intricate and requires the execution of sound pharmacological methodologies. The treatment of odontogenic pain is engaged in the help of pain as well as in the concealment of reasons for pain, principally the aggravation. Going about as inhibitors of pain component, analgesics are utilized for indicative treatment of pain. There are a few gatherings of pain relieving drugs utilized in dentistry practice and most incessant are nonsteroidal calming drugs (NSAIDs) and aniline analgesics. The contemporary procedures for the treatment of odontogenic pain are engaged in pain relieving drug mixes, which are increasingly viable and have a superior security profile. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen operators are viewed as best quality level of dental absense of pain for mellow to direct force of pain, while in moderate to serious pain the utilization of individual narcotic analgesics or blend of narcotic and nonopioid analgesics is suggested. Keywords: Pain, NSAIDS, Paracetomol Ibuprofen, Analgesics.

Legian street is the main road that connects Kuta with Seminyak in Bali. The length of this road is around 1.5 kilometers filled with various shops, bars, hotels and clubs. Legian street is a primary local road with the width about 7.5 meters but with a solid volume of vehicles, especially in the morning and evening caused this corridor is prone to congestion. Quality level of infrastructure facilities, influenced by the quality of planning and supervision, one of the indicators of poor infrastructure, especially road and pedestrian networks, is congestion. This study uses descriptive qualitative research with a rationalistic approach based on reality in the field with primary data obtained from observations, documentation that is integrated with the policies of the Local Regulations of Badung Regency, RTRW Regency of Badung. The results of the study showed that there were still many incomplete pedestrian facilities and the transfer of pedestrian facilities which caused the road corridor network infrastructure to be prone to congestion.

This study investigates the feasibility of extracting streetscape features from high-density United States Geological Survey (USGS) quality level 1 (QL1) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and quantifying the features into three-dimensional (3D) volumetric pixel (voxel) zones. As the USGS embarks on a national LiDAR database with the goal of collecting LiDAR across the continuous U.S.A., the USGS primarily requires QL2 or QL1 as a collection standard. The authors’ previous study thoroughly investigated the limits of extracting streetscape features with QL2 data, which was primarily limited to buildings and street trees. Recent studies published by other researchers that utilize advanced digital mapping techniques for streetscape measuring acknowledge that most features outside of buildings and street trees are too small to detect. QL1 data, however, is four times denser than QL2 data. This study divides streetscapes into Thiessen proximal polygons, sets voxel parameters, classifies QL1 LiDAR point cloud data, and computes quantitative statistics where classified point cloud data intersects voxels within the streetscape polygons. It demonstrates how most other common streetscape features are detectable in a standard urban QL1 dataset. In addition to street trees and buildings, one can also legitimately extract and statistically quantify walls, fences, landscape vegetation, light posts, traffic lights, power poles, power lines, street signs, and miscellaneous street furniture. Furthermore, as these features are processed into their appropriate voxel height zones, this study introduces a new methodology for obtaining comprehensive tabular descriptive statistics describing how streetscape features are truly represented in 3D.

Robustness of HFMI treatment in different weld qualities according to ISO 5817 was studied, and fatigue testing of the treated samples was carried out in order to investigate the effect of the weld quality prior treatment. The results show that HFMI-treated welds with weld quality level D shows fatigue life improvements that fall within the IIW recommendations for HFMI. No significant influence from the HFMI operator or HFMI equipment on the fatigue life was found. However, the scatter in fatigue testing results varied with HFMI operator and indicated that different HFMI operators could produce consistent treatment results. A considerable effect on fatigue life from HFMI tool radius was found, where the 2-mm tool radius showed considerably greater fatigue life compared with the 1.5-mm tool radius. According to IIW (Marquis and Barsoum 2016), for steel grade SY = 700 MPa, the fatigue strength recommendation is FAT 160 (m = 5) for transverse stiffener–welded joints with as-welded quality B according to ISO 5817 (ISO/TC 44/SC 10 2011), prior to treatment. It can be observed in the current study that fatigue-tested HFMI-treated welded joints, welded with weld quality D, are in good agreement with the IIW recommendations.

The service quality at car service enterprises is an important characteristic. For researching the influence of various factors on the quality level of technological processes, a functional model (scheme) was developed. The main elements of the scheme are energy, mass and information flows, which form the inputs and outputs in the system processes, feedback, environments and constraints. This model clearly identifies all the important parameters that depend on the quality of technological processes in the enterprise. These parameters include: availability of technological design documentation, availability of manuals for repair and operation of car brands that are relevant in this period of time, the availability of modern technology in the production process, the degree of compliance with technical regulations, the degree of consumer requirements consideration. Also, the main factors of the external environment which affect the level of technological processes quality and the place of their influence in the production process of the car service enterprise were determined. The method of determination of the most up-to-date car brands that require maintenance and repair is offered. The presence of feedbacks in each process ensures the continuous improvement of the technological process and the quality of the services too. Through the use of this functional model, which reflects the implementation of technological processes, it becomes possible for the leadership of the car service enterprises to respond in time to changes in the external environment and to make strategic decisions on optimization of the enterprise functioning.

1+0 yaşlı çıplak köklü Dallı ve Piramit servi de fidan morfolojisi ve kalitesinin araştırıldığı bu çalışmada, ortalama fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı değerleri sırasıyla Dallı servide (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizontalis) 84 cm ve 8,7 mm; Piramit servide (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. piramidalis) 78,9 cm ve 8,2 mm bulunmuştur. Fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı bakımından Dallı servi Piramit serviye göre daha yüksek performans göstermiştir. Uygulanan varyans analizi sonucunda fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı bakımından taksonlar arası anlamlı (p≤0.05) fark ortaya çıkmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda her iki taksonda da; fidan boyu ile kök boğazı arasındaki istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı (p≤0.05) pozitif ilişkiler (r=0.299, r=0.255 ve r=0.308) belirlenmiştir. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda her iki taksonda da boy ve çap bakımından fidanların tamamının Türk Standartları Enstitüsü’nün kalite sınıflarına göre kaliteli fidan sınıfında yer aldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında taksonlara göre oluşturulan yeni kalite sınıflarında; Dallı servi de en yüksek dikime elverişsiz fidanların fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapının birlikte değerlendirildiği kalite sınıflarında (%36,7 ve %26,7) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan ayırma analizi sonucunda bu yeni kalite sınıflarının, %82- %98 arasında değişen oranlarda başarılı olduğu görülmektedir. Piramit servide ise oluşturulan yeni kalite sınıflarına göre, dikime elverişsiz fidanların fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapının birlikte değerlendirildiği kalite sınıflarında (%42,7 ve %52,7) yer aldığı anlaşılmıştır. Ayırma analizi sonucunda, yeni kalite sınıflarının, %80,0- %96,7 arasında değişen oranlarda başarılı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

This study was conducted to identify the quality level of the education of the Syrian refugee students at the schools of the north of Jordan as seen by the educational supervisors and their proposals to improve it. The researcher adopted the analytical descriptive approach for the study. The population of the study consisted of all the educational supervisors of the governorates of education in the north of Jordan while the sample consisted of 110 members of them. The researcher designed a sixty item questionnaire as an instrument for collecting the data for the study. That came up with a set of findings, the most important of which are: The level of the quality of the education offered to Syrian students at the schools of the north of Jordan was average for all the variables of the study, but it was high for the curricula variable. The educational supervisors put forward a set of proposals to improve the level of the quality of the education offered to Syrian students at the schools of the north of Jordan such as: obtaining funding resources to finance the schools for the refugee Syrian students, solving the student family problems arising from the adverse refuge conditions of the families of the students , improving the curricula to suit the students conditions and their interests, providing the students with adequate knowledge of rules and regulations that serve them. The researcher discussed and interpreted the findings stressing that the important findings should be presented to the decision makers of the Jordanian Ministry of Education. The researcher recommended the following: implementing the proposals of the educational supervisors to raise the level of the quality of education, conducting a number of studies on the average quality variables, solving the families' problems because of the conditions of migration, improving the curricula to suit the conditions of the students and their interests, familiarizing the students with the rules and the regulations that serve their interests. Finally, the researcher discussed and interpreted the findings stressing that the important ones of them should be presented to the decision–makers of the Jordanian Ministry of Education.

We consider a procurement auction where the buying firm can manipulate the distribution of the uncertainty facing competing suppliers via reducing subjectivity in the scoring rule announced before the auction, and we examine the optimal choice of information revelation for the buyer. Specifically, we model a multi-attribute scoring auction in which the suppliers submit bids involving both price and non-price attributes and the buyer selects one supplier according to a weighted scoring system. Although the scoring rule is preannounced and the buyer commits to it during the bid evaluation, it contains elements that are subjective in nature and not precisely defined, so the suppliers still do not have full information about the exact score that will be awarded. It may be possible for the buyer to reduce the subjective component in the scoring rule by giving unusually detailed descriptions of what corresponds to specific scores. We demonstrate that it is beneficial for the buyer to limit the information revealed by retaining some subjective or imprecisely defined components in the announced scoring rule, so that the suppliers continue to be uncertain about their final scores. It is also shown that the buyer can gain more from this type of imprecision (i.e., releasing less information) if the suppliers are more different in terms of their costs to achieve a given quality level or other aspects of utility for the buyer. We consider both sealed bid and open auction formats.

This article proposes and considers a method for solving the problem of the optimal choice of insulation and sewing materials for the interior of a floating class «P» restaurant. This method is based on the principle of multi-criteria comparison of alternative options [1]. For comparison, most suitable insulation materials for a vessel of this type were selected. Since in modern shipbuilding safety and comfort demands of the interior of the vessels are high, so the requirements for insulation materials on the interior are also high. Various characteristics of insulating and sewing materials, which determine their quality level, were analyzed in details. When studying the characteristics of insulating materials, the technological level and competitiveness of the manufacturer were taken into account. To determine the most suitable insulation material for the interior decoration of the floating restaurant, multi-criteria comparison method was first applied. The determination of the materials competitiveness was made.

Background and purposeEpilepsy is most common in lower-income settings where access to electroencephalography (EEG) is generally poor. A low-cost tablet-based EEG device may be valuable, but the quality and reproducibility of the EEG output are not established.MethodsTablet-based EEG was deployed in a heterogeneous epilepsy cohort in the Republic of Guinea (2018-2019), consisting of a tablet wirelessly connected to a 14-electrode cap. Participants underwent EEG twice (EEG1 and EEG2), separated by a variable time interval. Recordings were scored remotely by experts in clinical neurophysiology as to data quality and clinical utility.ResultsThere were 149 participants (41% female; median age 17.9years; 66.6% ≤21years of age; mean seizures per month 5.7±SD 15.5). The mean duration of EEG1 was 53±12.3min and that of EEG2 was 29.6±12.8min. The mean quality scores of EEG1 and EEG2 were 6.4 [range, 1 (low) to 10 (high); both medians 7.0]. A total of 44 (29.5%) participants had epileptiform discharges (EDs) at EEG1 and 25 (16.8%) had EDs at EEG2. EDs were focal/multifocal (rather than generalized) in 70.1% of EEG1 and 72.5% of EEG2 interpretations. A total of 39 (26.2%) were recommended for neuroimaging after EEG1 and 22 (14.8%) after EEG2. Of participants without EDs at EEG1 (n=53, 55.8%), seven (13.2%) had EDs at EEG2. Of participants with detectable EDs on EEG1 (n=23, 24.2%), 12 (52.1%) did not have EDs at EEG2.ConclusionsTablet-based EEG had a reproducible quality level on repeat testing and was useful for the detection of EDs. The incremental yield of a second EEG in this setting was ~13%. The need for neuroimaging access was evident.

The highly diverse cultural and social backgrounds of students from around the world, in this case, from Spanish-speaking countries, has driven a redesign of traditional, f2f (face-to-face) Master's programs in a business school, leading to a blended learning format. Identifying how much time is needed to reach the optimum quality level, looking at mirror (compared) with the f2f is essential for the process of improving overall teaching and optimal use of blended strategies. A satisfaction survey was administered and data was analyzed using the Mann Whitney test. How many editions does it take to obtain the best quality level? How do the different quality factors evolve over time? And how is the comparison with f2f program's evolution over time? Some unexpected results were found, including that, when compared to f2f programs, general satisfaction was statistically higher in the blended modality even from the first edition, and waiting until the second edition shows higher results in almost all of the factors considered. Comparing different editions of the same blended program, the highest level of improvement in the perception of quality occurs when comparing the first and third edition. In this comparison, the most essential factors are those involving people: professors and students. This research provides valuable insights for institutions and/ or faculty members who are considering or currently offering online or blended learning.

The main objective of the research done in this paper is to establish the status and quality level of candidate experience through the selection process in our country (Republic of Serbia). The results of the researsh can appoint to needed improvements of the selection process in the organization and simultaniously impact the overall success of the organization. Based on the results analysis, it will be possible to come up with suggestions for measures for improvement, as recommendation for future improvement of candidate experience concept and selection process in the organization.

In reverse logistic networks, end-of-use products are collected and transported to the factory for remanufacturing. The economic and environmental values of a reverse network depend significantly o...

This study presents analysis criteria used to identify and classify the level of engagement between firms and stakeholders. We analyzed 119 sustainability reports disclosed by companies operating in the energy sector from 40 different countries. Our study adopted the following stakeholder engagement classification levels: information strategy, response strategy, and involvement strategy. The results show that, although strategic involvement actions are at a high quality level, they are the least adopted by the companies studied, which concentrate their engagement actions at the least complex levels. Our contribution is to propose a matrix of engagement strategies as a tool that is formed by nine strategic quadrants, providing clear differentiation between engagement strategies that can be used to improve sustainability reports and to rethink the quality and focus of actions with stakeholders.

An algorithm for determining the quality level of gas forming technology in the superplasticity mode of the material at the debugging stage is Developed. Proposed management measures to improve the new technology, which can help reduce the percentage of defects in the production of parts.