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В статье представлены результаты биохимического исследования сыворотки крови 6-месячных коз камерунской породы. В результате установлен диапазон содержание общего белка 7682,5 г/л, процент содержания альбумина – 47,7, глобулинов – 52,3. Средняя концентрация холестерола, триглицеридов и глюкозы 1,49; 0,37 и 5,63 ммоль/л; уровень магния 0,164 ммоль/л, общего кальция 2,41 ммоль/л, неорганического фосфора 3,98 ммоль/л; активность АСТ 10,49; АЛТ – 16,50; щелочной фосфатазы – 1152,67 Ед/л. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о процессах роста молодняка коз., The article presents the results of a biochemical study of the blood serum of 6-month-old goats of the Cameroon breed. As a result, the range of total protein content was 76-82.5 g/l, the percentage of albumin was 47.7, globulins was 52.3. The average concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose 1.49; 0.37 and 5.63 mmol/l; magnesium level 0.164 mmol/l, total calcium 2.41 mmol/l, inorganic phosphorus 3.98 mmol/l; AST activity 10.49; ALT 16.50; alkaline phosphatase 1152.67 U / l. The obtained data testify to the growth processes of young goats.

Sesame seed was defatted and subsequently fractionated into albumin, globulin, glutelin and prolamin. The defatted flour was also subjected to alkaline solubilization and acid precipitation to obtain protein isolate. The sesame seed protein isolate was hydrolyzed using a combination of pepsin and pancreatin to produce the protein hydrolyzate. The defatted flour, protein fractions, isolate and hydrolyzate were evaluated for their amino acid profiles as well as in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. The results showed that the glutelin fraction had higher amounts of essential amino acid (38.1%) when compared with albumin (35.6%), globulin (31.3%), prolamin (37.1%), protein isolate (37.1%) and protein hydrolyzate (36.7%). The defatted flour exhibited the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity while only the globulin, isolate and hydrolyzate exhibited superoxide radical scavenging activity. The defatted flour also had the strongest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of 91.79%, although lower than the 95.93% for the control peptide (glutathione). The hydrolyzate had the strongest metal chelating activity (75.53%), while the isolate had the highest ferric antioxidant reducing power. The albumin was the most effective inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme and α-amylase with values of 30.04% and 29.44%, respectively. In contrast, renin activity was strongly inhibited (89.87%) by the isolate but acetylcholinesterase was weakly inhibited by the hydrolyzate (16.89%) and prolamin (16.29%). We conclude that the defatted flour and protein products are potential ingredients that could be incorporated into foods to extend shelf-life but also with potential bioactive properties.

This research was aimed to assess the distribution of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium within the casein micelles of yak milk. To this aim, nine bulk yak milk samples (Y-milk), collected in three yak farms located in the Chinese province of Qinghai, were compared to nine bulk cow milk samples used as a reference. A quite similar content of colloidal calcium (0.80 vs. 0.77 mmol/g of casein; p > 0.05), a higher content of magnesium (0.05 vs. 0.04 mmol/g of casein; p ≤ 0.01) and a lower content of colloidal phosphorus (0.48 vs. 0.56 mmol/g of casein; p ≤ 0.01) between yak and cow casein micelles were found. Moreover, the yak casein micelles showed a lower value of prosthetic phosphorus (0.20 vs. 0.26 mmol/g of casein; p ≤ 0.05) compared to the cow micelles. The lower values of colloidal and prosthetic phosphorus in yak casein micelles suggest that the yak casein is less phosphorylated than the cow one.

Background and Aim: Blood proteins in birds serve as an important indicator in the evaluation of health status and represent a basis in general biochemistry allowing the identification of metabolic alterations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protein profile in broiler chickens extended by the concentrations of serum protein fractions at different periods of fattening. Materials and Methods: Into the evaluation, we included 24 clinically healthy Ross 308 line meat-type chickens at the age of 2 days. Blood samples were taken on day 4, 18, 32, and 46 of fattening always from six randomly selected chickens. Chickens were fed with a commercial starter, grower, and finisher feeds. The concentrations of total serum protein and protein fractions were evaluated. Results: Various significant changes in the proportion of the individual protein fractions were found during the observed period except for the beta-globulins in all protein fractions and the albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. At the beginning of the fattening period, the relative concentrations of albumin, α1-globulins, and A/G ratio were significantly lower and the values of α2- and γ-globulins significantly higher (p

Abstract This work evaluated the functional properties of sesame protein fractions in order to determine their potential in food applications. Sesame seed protein fractions were prepared according to their solubility: water-soluble (albumin), salt-soluble (globulin), alkaline-soluble (glutelin) and ethanol-soluble (prolamin). Globulin was the most abundant fraction, consisting of 91% protein, followed by glutelin, albumin and prolamin in decreasing order. Non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed polypeptides of sizes ≥20 kDa for albumin while glutelin and globulin had similar polypeptide sizes at 19, 85 and 100 kDa. Prolamin had polypeptide sizes 20, 40 and 100 kDa. The albumin and globulin fractions had higher intrinsic fluorescence intensity (FI) values than the glutelin. Albumin had a higher solubility (ranging from 80 to 100%) over a wide pH range when compared with the other fractions. Water holding capacity (g/g) reduced from 2.76 (glutelin) to 1.35 (prolamin) followed by 0.42 (globulin) and 0.08 (albumin). Oil holding capacity (g/g) reduced from: 4.13 (glutelin) to 2.57 (globulin) and 1.56, 1.50 for albumin and prolamin respectively. Gelling ability was stronger for prolamin and glutelin than albumin and globulin, while higher emulsion (p Graphical abstract

The aimof the study was to determine the characteristics of biochemical changes in localized scleroderma based on the analysis and evaluation of dysmetabolic disorders of homeostasis from the standpoint of the individual characteristics of patients. Materials and methods.Under our supervision there were 107 patients with localized scleroderma in the acute stage who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of the State Institution “Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” from 2014 to 2018. All patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups comparable in all parameters — the main group and two comparison groups. The main group consisted of 33 (34.01 %) localized scleroderma patients who received complex treatment; in the І group - 34 (35.05 %) patients who received only traditional therapy; in group II - 30 (30.92 %) patients who received treatment according to the scheme, which included traditional therapy with the addition of thiotriazoline. The study of the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) was performed by quantitative immunoturbidimetry according to OP. Shevchenko (1997); serum protein fractions - by electrophoresis on agarose gel plates by the method of S.S. Chernecky, V.J. Berger (2008); total lipids - by V.N. Titovu, M.G. Tvorogova (1992); high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, beta-lipoproteins - by S.E. Severin (1977);cholesterol concentration - according to D. Vaidya (2005); the atherogenic coefficient was calculated by the formula: CA = (total cholesterol - HDL) / HDL); determination of serum magnesium and chlorine using colorimetric analysis (A.Sh. Byshevsky, OA Tersenov, 1994). Results.In the studied groups of patients with OSD and in healthy donors, a study was made of the level of C-reactive protein (CRP., The concentration of which in patients with OSD in the exacerbation stage reached 44 g / l before treatment, after conducting a course of appropriate drug therapy in each study group amounted to: in group II, the comparison group — 38 g / l, in group I, the comparison group — 30 g / l, and in the main group — 16 g / l, which are closest to the level of CRP in healthy donors and indicate high efficacy ofthe treatment we developed a scheme with the inclusion of modern drugs. In the serum of patients of the I and II comparison groups, there was an increase in magnesium content by 1.8 times and a decrease in chlorine level by 1.2 times, which characterizes the presence of deep metabolic disorders in this category of patients, affecting not only immunoreactivity but also water-electrolyte metabolism. The magnesium content and the level of chlorine in the blood serum of the patients of the main group did not significantly differ from the control and was 2 times lower in comparison with the concentration of these indicators in the group of patients with SJD before treatment Concentration of cholesterol was lower in the OSD group before treatment and in the comparison groups - an average of 1.8 times. Also noted increase in the concentration of high density lipoprotein - an average of 2.7 times. The concentration of triglycerides was minimal in the CSF group before treatment and was 0.4 ± 0.03 mol / L, which was 5.4 times lower in the control group of healthy donors and 4 times lower than in the main group of patients. Conclusion.Based on the conducted research, a number of features of biochemical parameters were revealed, which indicate that localized scleroderma is accompanied by disturbances of the biochemical link of homeostasis. The change in the ratio of lipid and protein fractions indicates a violation of the regulatory and regenerative functions at the level of the structural organization of cell membranes, and an increase in the magnesium content and a decrease in the level of chlorine — deep metabolic disorders in this category of patients

Proximate composition and physical parameters in nine quinoa cultivars were determined in order to establish differences among them and to contribute to their characterization. Faro, Pichaman, and Baer varieties cultivars were used. The aim of this research was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties and to characterize the protein fractions. All analysed properties showed significant differences between the cultivars. The physical measurements (weight, shape, size, and density) could be used for improving the technology associated with conditioning, transport, and storage of the grain. The protein content ranged from 15 to 18%, fat 6 to 8%, carbohydrates 70 to 74%, and ash from 3.5 to 4.4%, showing an outstanding nutritional profile. The relative quantity of soluble proteins (albumins and globulins) ranged from 40 to 65%, except in Faro variety cultivar, which presented 16%. The relative percentage of insoluble protein (prolamins and glutelins) ranged from 25 to 34%. The obtained information in this research could be useful in determining seed-quality, automating production, improving cultivation practices and technologies, and developing food products with enhanced nutritional qualities. Fil: Mufari, Jesica Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Miranda Villa, Patricia Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Bergesse, Antonella Estefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Cervilla, Natalia Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Calandri, Edgardo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina

With a globally strong interest in bio-based products such as fuels and chemicals, a feasible source of protein for the industry with positive economic impacts could be from leaves. However, more knowledge is needed on how to improve the content of extractable protein. Grasses and legumes have a high content of protein with a favourable amino acid composition. The extractable true protein was estimated at two harvest dates in leaf and stem of the legume species white clover (Trifolium repens L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and the grass species perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.) using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. Extractable true protein was more concentrated in the leaf than in the stem of all the species. Easily extractable true protein in the leaf constituted 63%–68% and 54% of crude protein in legumes and grasses respectively. If the cell wall-bound true protein in the leaf can be extracted, concentration of extractable true protein may increase by 7%–14% and 21%–26% of crude protein in legume and grass respectively. Legume leaf could be superior to grass leaf for protein production in a biorefinery due to higher extractable true protein both on a mass basis and per hectare. In white clover leaf, a significant decline in concentration of extractable true protein with maturity was simultaneous with a substantial increase in extractable true protein per hectare.

Overall chemical and micro-nutrient composition of Georgian soya varieties grown in different districts of West Georgia have been studied. It was established that “Gurian” soya from Lanchkhuti district is distinguished by the highest content of proteins, fats and dietary fibers that ensures its high functional properties. 18 Aminoacids, mostly fixed in the fractions of globulin and albumin, were identified in protein fractions of Georgian soya varieties that indicates to their high biological value. Highly-bioavailable foods: soya milk, soya pomace and soya flour were obtained during the soya processing; they were tested as food additives in the production of whole wheat bread. Their impact on the fermentation process of wheat dough was studied and the optimal parameters of this process were developed.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:10:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Selenium (Se) is an essential element for human and animal, although considered beneficial to higher plants. Selenium application at high concentration to plants can cause toxicity decreasing the physiological quality of seeds. This study aimed to characterize the Se toxicity on upland rice yield, seed physiology and the localization of Se in seeds using X-ray fluorescence microanalysis (μ-XRF). In the flowering stage, foliar application of Se (0, 250, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 g ha−1) as sodium selenate was performed. A decrease in rice yield and an increase in seed Se concentrations were observed from 250 g Se ha−1. The storage proteins in the seeds showed different responses with Se application (decrease in albumin, increase in prolamin and glutelin). There was a reduction in the concentrations of total sugars and sucrose with the application of 250 and 500 g Se ha−1. The highest intensities Kα counts of Se were detected mainly in the endosperm and aleurone/pericarp. μ-XRF revealed the spatial distribution of sulfur, calcium, and potassium in the seed embryos. The seed germination decreased, and the electrical conductivity increased in response to high Se application rates showing clearly an abrupt decrease of physiological quality of rice seeds. This study provides information for a better understanding of the effects of Se toxicity on rice, revealing that in addition to the negative effects on yield, there are changes in the physiological and biochemical quality of seeds. São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes 780, Postal Code 17602-496 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Postal Code 15.385-000 Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Rodovia MS-306 - Zona Rural, Postal Code 79560-000 Federal Institute of Southeast Minas Gerais Rua Monsenhor José Augusto, n. 204 - Bairro São José University of São Paulo - USP, Av. Centenário, 303, São Dimas, Postal Code 13400-970 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes 780, Postal Code 17602-496 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Postal Code 15.385-000 FAPESP: 15/05942-0 FAPESP: 15/19121-8 FAPESP: 16/19937-0 CNPq: 309380/2017-0

Introduction of new examination techniques to tuberculosis control in children resulted in the increase of Group IIIA of the dispensary follow-up. Goal: to define criteria of tuberculosis disease activity when calcification is detected in the chest lymph nodes of children. Follow-up included children in the age from 1,5 months to 17 years old examined in TB dispensaries of Yekaterinburg and Tyumen. 1A Subgroup (n = 145) of children demonstrated further increase and/or induration of calcification and in 27 children calcification did not change (1B Subgroup). In Subgroup 2A1 – 184 patients had changes in the X-ray manifestations, 31 persons demonstrated calcification in chest lymph nodes (Subgroup 2A2 ), 13 persons demonstrated no changes in X-ray manifestations which was considered as metatuberculous (fibrous) changes (2B Group). Two criteria witnessing of the absence of active tuberculosis disease were identified: infection with tuberculosis more than 4 years ago and stable level of α2-fraction in the protein profile. These indicators can serve as true criteria when no clinical signs of intoxication are observed and calcification is detected by X-ray, while the child has not been exposed to tuberculosis.

Infections with Staphylococcus aureus are a common cause which can induce severe skin infections in rabbits leading to important economic losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of total protein, albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, and albumin/globulin ratio during S. aureus infection using a model for experimental infection of rabbits. The experiment was carried out on 13 rabbits at the age of 3 months. Infection was induced by inoculation of 7 rabbits by100 μL of bacterial suspension of a field S. aureus strain (density: 8х108 cfu/mL) and 6 other rabbits were not treated (controls). Blood samples for principal protein analysis were collected before (0 h) and at 24, 48 and72 h on day 7, 14, and 21 after infection. Total protein level showed little changes in the experimental group. The concentration of albumin decreased in the experimental group since 32.2±2.30 g/L to 27.3±1.9g/L. The serum level of globulins rose significantly (P

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-11-01 Seven different in vitro methods to determine the protein digestibility for chickpea proteins were considered and also the application of these methodologies for calculating PDCAAS (protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score), seeking their correlations with the in vivo methodology. In vitro digestibility of raw and heated samples were determined using pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis, considering soluble nitrogen via Kjeldahl (ppKJ) and hydrolysed peptide linkages using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and o-phthaldialdehyde. In vitro digestibility was also determined using trypsin, chymotrypsin and peptidase (3-Enz) or trypsin, chymotrypsin, peptidase and pronase solution (4-Enz). None of the correlations between in vitro and in vivo digestibilities were significant (at p < 0.0500), but, strong correlations were observed between PDCAAS calculated by in vitro and in vivo results. PDCAAS-ppKJ, PDCAAS-3-Enz and PDCAAS-4-Enz presented the highest correlations with in vivo method, r = 0.9316, 0.9442 and 0.9649 (p < 0.0500), respectively. The use of in vitro methods for calculating PDCAAS may be promising and deserves more discussions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Univ Fed Alfenas, Nutr Fac, 700 Gabriel Monteiro Silva, BR-37130000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Food & Nutr, Araraquara Jau Rd,Km 01, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Alfenas, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Food & Med Dept, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St 700, BR-37130000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Food & Nutr, Araraquara Jau Rd,Km 01, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil

To optimize both grain yield and quality of low-glutelin rice cultivars under N-fertilizer strategies, two-year field experiments involving three low-glutelin rice cultivars (W1240, W1721, W025) and an ordinary rice cultivar (H9405) with five N treatments were carried out to determine the effects of N application rate and genotype on protein fractions contents and Glutelin/Prolamin ratio (Glu/Pro). The difference of protein fraction concentrations affected by N application rate existed in genotypes. Ordinary rice cultivar had a larger increase in glutlein concentration affected by N application rate than low-glutelin rice cultivars did. Glutelin in H9405 had a increase of 30.6 and 41.0% under the N4 treatment (360 kg N ha–1) when compared with N0 treatment (no fertilizer N) in 2010 and 2011 respectively, while all the low-glutelin rice cultivars showed relatively smaller increases for two years. Variance analysis showed no significant effect of N application rate on glutelin in W1240 and W025 while the effects on albumin, globulin and prolamin were significant in low-glutelin rice. What's more, N treatment had no significant influence on Glu/Pro ratios in low-glutelin rice cultivars while a significant increase in Glu/Pro ratio was observed in ordinary rice cultivar. So low-gultelin rice cultivars showed a different pattern from ordinary rice cultivars when influenced by N application rate.

The aim of the study was to compare the contents of individual protein fractions determined by electrophoresis in the blood serum of 32 periparturient goats supplemented with various forms of zinc (Zn). Goats were divided into four groups: Group A was a control (without Zn supplementation). The remaining three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B was supplemented with zinc oxide, Group C with zinc lactate, and Group D with zinc chelate. Individual protein fractions (albumins, α1, α2, β1, β2 a γ-globulins) were identified by electrophoretic analysis. All supplemented groups showed the trend of a positive influence of Zn on γG fractions in the serum protein of the goats; this tendency was significant only in Group C. Moreover, Group C had significantly the highest total protein values and albumins. The results indicated that a feed enriched with various forms of Zn had a significant influence on the quantity of individual protein fractions of blood serum. Our results provide new knowledge on the values of individual protein fractions of serum goats and should be taken into consideration when interpreting the serum protein profile with regard to periparturient goats. Furthermore, we showed the possible positive or negative effects on the values of individual fraction on serum proteins with organic and inorganic zinc form supplemented rich in diet.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to protect the protein in mustard cake by different levels of formaldehyde treatment with a view to optimize the level of formaldehyde. Materials and Methods: Different levels of formaldehyde treatment (0, 1, 1.5 and 2% of crude protein) containing concentrate and roughages diet in 40:60 ratio were tested for their effect on nutrients digestibility, in vitro ammonia release, in vitro gas production and change in protein fractions. Non-significant (p≤0.05) effect on pH, microbial biomass, partitioning factor, total gas production (TGP), TGP per g dry matter and TGP per g digestible dry matter (ml/g) was observed in almost all the treatments. Results: Total volatile fatty acids at 2% formaldehyde treatment level of mustard cake was lower (p

На основании наблюдения и обследования 1698 больных с использованием полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР), определения уровня лактата, рН, рО2, рСО2, белковых фракций спинномозговой жидкости (СМЖ), активности лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ), уровня D-димера фибрина (D-дф), показателей клеточного и гуморального иммунитета в СМЖ установлены самые ранние признаки инфицирования оболочек мозга, роль возбудителей бактериальных гнойных менингитов (БГМ) и реакций саногенеза. Показаны диагностическое, дифференциально-диагностическое и прогностическое значение, возможность использования ряда показателей для ранней оценки эффективности антибактериальной терапии. Внедрение в практику ПЦР-диагностики, определение уровня лактата, рН и D-дф в СМЖ позволили повысить до 98% эффективность ранней диагностики БГМ, расшифровку этиологии БГМ с 75 до 91% и снизить летальность с 16% в 2006 г. до 5,9% в 2016 г., On the basis of clinical observations and survey of 1698 patients using PCR diagnosis, determine the level of lactate, pH, pO2, pCO2, protein fractions of CSF, LDH activity, level D-DF, indices of cellular and humoral immunity in the CSF established the earliest signs of an infection of the meninges, the role of pathogens BGM and reactions sanogenesis. Shown: diagnostic, differential diagnostic and prognostic value, the use of a number of indicators for the early assessment of efficiency of antibacterial therapy. Introduction to the practice of diagnostic PCR, determination of the lactate level, pH a nd D-DF in the CSF was allowed to increase to 98% the effectiveness of early diagnosis of BGM, deciphering the etiology of BGM from 75% to 91% and to reduce mortality from 16% in 2006 to 5.9% in 2016.

This paper studies the distribution of rye protein fractions according to their mass and amino acid composition while milling by machines with different work tools. The research was conducted on the autumn rye of harvest year 2017 with kernel moisture con tent of 8%. Cereals were milled in the machine of an impact - activating - disintegrating type DEZI - 15 with three - row and five - row rotors which rotate at 120 s - 1 , and in the laboratory mill with a knife - rotor work tool. The milling grain size was determined by a diffraction - type grain analyser Malvern Mastersizer 2000. The average grain size obtained from three - row disintegrating rotor was 167 μm , from the five - row rotor 158.1 μm , and from the laboratory knife - rotor mill 384 μm , respectively. The free amino aci ds composition in flour samples was investigated using the size exclusion chromatography method (SEC - method). The polypeptide composition of total grain protein has been determined by One - dimensional SDS - acrylamide gel electrophoresis. According to the ele ctropherogram results obtained from all the the content of high - protein fraction of 200 kDa . The glutelin fraction with molecular weight of 116.25 kDa is definitely observed in the sample obtained from the three - row disintegrating rotor. Whereby the lowest glutelin content has been detected in the flour sample obtained from the five - row disintegrating rotor. Fractions with molecular weight of 60 – 75 kDa – globulin fractions – come up frequently in the sample obtained from the three - row disintegrating rotor. Prolamine fractions of 45 – 47 kDa are clearly observed in the flour sample obtained from the laboratory knife - rotor mill. The albumin fraction with molecular weight of 17 – 28 kDa are mostly observed in the samples obtained by three - row and five - row disintegr ating rotors. Few LMW fractions (from 6.5 to 15 kDa ) are found in samples obtained using the impact - activating - disintegrating technique, mostly in the sample milled in the laboratory knife - rotor mill. Based on the data of free amino acid content in sample investigated it can be concluded that the impact - activating - disintegrating techniques does not cause reduction in protein biological value. The albumin rich flour milled in the disintegrator can be used for production of functional food. Due to the low con tent of glutelin protein fraction the flour obtained from the five - row disintegrating rotor offers the greatest promise for production of gluten - free foods.

Модель токсического цирроза печени у белых крыс создавали путем внутрижелудочного введения 40%-го масляного раствора ССL4 в течение 19 недель в сочетании с этанолом. В сыворотке крови биуретным методом определяли концентрацию общего белка. Уровни пяти фракций сывороточного белка (альбумины, α1-глобулины, α2-глобулины, β-глобулины, γ-глобулины) определяли электрофоретическим разделением на агарозе. Морфологические изменения в печени исследовали на микроскопических препаратах, окрашенных гематоксилином и эозином, смесью суданов III и IV. Результаты исследования выявили достоверное увеличение содержания общего белка, α2глобулинов, β-глобулинов и γ-глобулинов в сыворотке крови как самцов, так и самок крыс. Из данных белковых фракций наиболее выраженному изменению были подвергнуты β-глобулины. Значительное повышение уровня данного показателя подтверждает выявленное при морфологическом исследовании нарушение липидного обмена. Неоднозначным было распределение фракции α1-глобулинов. У самок данный показатель был достоверно снижен, при этом следует отметить, у самцов статистически достоверных изменений не выявлено. Увеличение уровня α2-глобулинов свидетельствует об активном течении воспалительного процесса, стрессорной реакции. Предположительно увеличение фракции γглобулинов приводит к усилению иммунных процессов в организме крыс., A model of toxic liver cirrhosis in white rats was created by intragastric administration of a 40% CCl4 oil solution for 19 weeks in combination with ethanol. In the blood serum, the concentration of the total protein was determined by the biuret test. The levels of the five fractions of the serum proteins (albumins, α1-globulins, α2-globulins, β-globulins, γ-globulins) were determined by electrophoretic separation on agarose. Morphological changes in the liver were examined on microscopic preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin, a mixture of Sudan III and IV. The results of the study revealed a significant increase in the content of total protein, α2-globulins, βglobulins and γ-globulins in the serum of both male and female rats. Of these protein fractions, β-globulins were most significantly altered. A significant increase in the level of this indicator confirms the disturbance of lipid metabolism revealed in the morphological study. The distribution of the fraction of α1-globulins was ambiguous. In females, this indicator was significantly decreased, while it should be noted that in males there were no statistically significant changes. Increasing the level of α2-globulins indicates an active inflammatory process and the stress reaction. Presumably, an increase in the γ-globulin fraction leads to an increase in immune processes in the body of rats.

Determination of the physiological electrophoretic patterns in animals is very useful for clinicians in diagnosing healthy and sick animals. The objective of this study was to investigate the serum protein electrophoretic pattern in cows, sheep, and goats in order to evaluate the differences in the size and number of protein fractions between the evaluated ruminant species. Ten adult multiparous high-yielding dairy cows, 10 adult female sheep and 10 adult female goats were included in this study. All the evaluated animals were clinically healthy. Serum was analyzed for total serum protein concentrations, and for the relative and absolute values of protein fractions with calculation of albumin/globulin ratios. Serum protein fractions were separated by zone electrophoresis on buffered agarose gel. Serum protein electrophoresis identified 6 distinct bands, comprising albumin, alpha1- (α1), alpha2- (α2), beta1- (β1), beta2- (β2), and gamma- (γ) globulins in cows. In sheep, serum proteins exhibited 6 fractions: albumin, α1-, α2-, β-, γ1- and γ2-globulins. In goats, serum proteins were separated into 5 fractions: albumin, α1-, α2-, β- and γ-globulins. Significant differences in the relative as well as absolute means were found for the albumin/globulin ratio and most of the protein fractions, except γ-globulins. No significant differences were found in the concentration of total proteins. These results describe the marked species differences in most of serum protein fractions between the evaluated groups of animals, and contribute to the current knowledge about the physiological electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in ruminants, which can be used for diagnostic purposes.

In this study grape pomace was ensilaged without and with the addition of NPN substances (Benural) at the dose of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of the amount of husk and with the addition of inoculant based on homo and hetero fermentative lactic acid bacteria. The greatest effect on the nutritional value had application of Benural, especially in increasing the CP content from 126.9 to 178.3 g kg-1DM, an increase of over 40%. Application of Benural increased the ammonia and soluble nitrogen several times, but even with the maximum addition of Benural percentage of ammonia nitrogen in the total nitrogen reached only slightly above 5% NH3 -N/Σ N (5.38%), while the percentage of soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen was 28.29%. The application of inoculants generally had no significant impact, both on the chemical composition and the fermentation process. U istraživaniima komina grožđa je silirana bez i uz dodatak NPN supstanci (Benural) u količini od 0,5; 1,0 i 1,5% od količine komina i sa dodatkom inokulantana na bazi homo i heterofementativnih mlečno-kiselinskih bakterija. Najveći efekat na hranljivu vrednost imala je primena NPN, posebno u povećanju sadržaja SP od 126,9 na 178,3 gkg-1SM. Primena NPN supstanci je uticala na povećanje amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota nekoliko puta, ali i pri najvećoj količini dodatog NPN supstanci udeo amonijačnog azota u ukupnom azotu je neznatno prešao vrednost od 5% (%NH3-N/ΣN 5,38) dok je udeo rastvorljivog azota u ukupnom azotu iznosio 28,29%. Primena inokulanata uglavnom nije imala značajnog uticaja, kako na hemijski sastav, tako i na proces fermentacije.

Метою роботи було вивчення особливостей показників білкових фракцій у хворих на деструктивний хіміорезистентний туберкульоз легень залежно від клінічної форми та профілю резистентності мікобактерій туберкульозу на початку лікування. Дослідження показників білкових фракцій проведено в 62 хворих на деструктивний хіміорезистентний туберкульоз легень. Встановлено, що найбільш прогностично несприятливий перебіг захворювання у пацієнтів із деструктивним туберкульозом легень із розширеною резистентністю мікобактерій туберкульозу з фіброзно-кавернозною формою., Целью работы было изучение особенностей показателей белковых фракций у больных деструктивным химиорезистентным туберкулезом легких в начале лечения в зависимости от клинической формы и профиля резистентности микобактерий туберкулеза в начале лечения. Исследование показателей белковых фракции проведено у 62 больных деструктивным химиорезистентным туберкулезом легких. Установлено, что наиболее прогностически неблагоприятное течение имеют больные деструктивным химиорезистентным туберкулезом легких с расширенной резистентностью микобактерий туберкулеза с фиброзно-кавернозной формой., The objective was to study the peculiarities of protein fractions indices in patients with destructive drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, depending on the clinical form and resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, at the beginning of treatment. Study of protein fractions indices was carried out in 62 patients with destructive drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. It is found that the most prognostically unfavorable course is in patients with destructive drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis with enhanced resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with fibro-cavernous form.

WOS: 000336891000010, The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of organic acid and bacterial inoculant on conservation characteristics and protein fractions as defined by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System of barley, wheat, rye, triticale, and oat silages ensiled at their booting or dough stage of maturity. The cereal crops were not treated or were treated with bacteria (L. buchneri, L. plantarum, E. faecium) or organic acid (formic acid, propionic acid, sodium formate) and ensiled in 1.0-L anaerobic jars for 45 days. Bacterial inoculant improved the fermentation profile for all cereal silages and increased the dry matter (DM) recovery at both maturity stages. The benefit of bacteria inclusion in the silage was more pronounced when applied at dough stages. Organic acid also improved the fermentation profile for all cereal silages, but it was less effective than the bacteria at both booting and dough stages of maturity. The reduction (P < 0.001) in in vitro DM digestibility was not as sharp as the decrease in crude protein (CP). Protein A fraction and digestible CP were higher (P < 0.001) at the booting stage, while all B fractions and C fraction were higher (P < 0.001) in cereal silages ensiled at the dough stage. It was concluded that additives, in particular bacterial inoculant, can improve fermentation and protein quality at both stages examined., Selcuk UniversitySelcuk University [BAP 11401094], We would like to acknowledge the financial support of Selcuk University (project: BAP 11401094).

Studies of the changes in serum protein pattern in the neonatal period in animals are still limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of serum protein fractions in 7 clinically healthy merino lambs (4 males, 3 females) during their first month of life. The first blood sampling was performed before the colostrum intake and then at 1, 2, 7, 14 and 30 days of age. Blood serum was analysed for total serum protein concentrations and for the relative and absolute values of serum protein fractions - albumin, alpha1- (α1), alpha2- (α2), beta- (β), and gamma- (γ) globulins. The results showed a significant effect of age on the serum total protein concentrations and for all the protein fractions. The concentrations of total proteins and γ-globulins increased significantly 1 day after the colostrum intake (P< 0.001); then decreased gradually till the end of the 1st month. An opposite trend was observed in the concentrations of albumin. A significant decrease of values was found 1 day after the intake of colostrum (P< 0.001) with a subsequent progressive increase of values till the end of the evaluated period. The relative concentrations of α1-globulins significantly decreased during the first month of life (P< 0.001). On the other hand, the relative values of α2- and β-globulins increased significantly from birth till the end of the monitored period (P< 0.001). Our results suggest that the serum protein electrophoretic pattern in growing lambs is significantly influenced by the age of the evaluated animal, and this should be taken into consideration when interpreting the serum protein profile. Our findings extend existing knowledge about significant changes in the protein profile associated with the physiological adaptation process in the neonatal period in young animals.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de genetica e meio ambiente na concentracao de beta-conglicinina e glicinina em variedades de soja comercial e que foram cultivadas em fazendas experimentais da Embrapa-soja de Londrina e de Ponta Grossa, no sul do Brasil. A concentracao das fracoes proteicas foi determinada por densitometria apos analise por eletrofonese em 20 cultivares, sendo 14 convencionais e 6 variedades transgenicas. Foram observadas diferencas significativas na razao de beta-conglicinina (7S) e glicinina (11S) nestas variedades cultivadas. A maior razao 11/7S foi observada na variedade BRS 184 de Ponta Grossa e a menor (1,31) na variedade BRS 233 de Londrina. Em media as variedades transgenicas de Ponta Grossa apresentaram maiores relacoes que aquelas de Londrina, tendo em conta as quantidades de fracoes proteicas.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of seed rates in mixtures of pea + oat on the green forage and silage protein fractions evaluated by Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (CNCPS). Experiment was established in autumn of 2012, on October the 20th and plant samples were taken in spring 2013 at forming the first pods on 2/3 plants of pea at Institute for forage crops, Krusevac, Republic of Serbia, using five different mixture rates of pea and oat crops (100% pea + 0% oat; 0% pea + 100% oat; 25% pea + 75% oat; 50% pea + 50% oat and 75% pea + 25% oat). After harvesting pea: oat mixtures were treated with bacterial inoculant and ensiled in anaerobic jars for 45 days. Green forages and silage samples were analyzed for DM (dry matter), CP (crude protein), primary protein fractions-TP (true protein), NPN (non protein nitrogen), IP (insoluble protein), SolP (soluble protein), NDICP (neutral detergent insoluble crude protein) and ADICP (acid detergent insoluble crude protein) and protein fractions by CNCPS. An analysis of variance found statistically significant differences among mixture rates for all variables, except IP and SolP. Silage from monoculture pea had the highest NPN (696.2 g kg(-1) CP) and SolP (713.8 g kg(-1) CP), followed by the mixture of pea with oat 75:25 (662.5 and 653.4 g kg(-1) CP, respectively). Analyzing the CNCPS protein fractions of pea: oat silages it was found that silage from pea monoculture contained the highest PA fraction (non protein nitrogen, immediately degraded in the rumen) and that PA fraction increased with increasing pea ratios in silages, which was a direct reflection of their high NPN and SolP in green forages and in silages. Because of those facts 25:50 and 50:50 pea: oat mixtures silages could be recommended for ruminant feeding. The investigated bacterial inoculant can increase the TP content, as well as PB 1 (true protein rapidly degraded in the rumen) and PB 3 (slowly degraded True Protein in the rumen, because it is associated with the cell wall) fractions.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of seed rates in mixtures of pea + oat on the green forage and silage protein fractions evaluated by Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (CNCPS). Experiment was established in autumn of 2012, on October the 20th and plant samples were taken in spring 2013 at forming the first pods on 2/3 plants of pea at Institute for forage crops, Kruševac, Republic of Serbia, using five different mixture rates of pea and oat crops (100% pea + 0% oat; 0% pea + 100% oat; 25% pea + 75% oat; 50% pea + 50% oat and 75% pea + 25% oat). After harvesting pea:oat mixtures were treated with bacterial inoculant and ensiled in anaerobic jars for 45 days. Green forages and silage samples were analyzed for DM (dry matter), CP (crude protein), primary protein fractions-TP (true protein), NPN (non protein nitrogen), IP (insoluble protein), SolP (soluble protein), NDICP (neutral detergent insoluble crude protein) and ADICP (acid detergent insoluble crude protein) and protein fractions by CNCPS. An analysis of variance found statistically significant differences among mixture rates for all variables, except IP and SolP. Silage from monoculture pea had the highest NPN (696.2 g kg-1 CP) and SolP (713.8 g kg-1 CP), followed by the mixture of pea with oat 75:25 (662.5 and 653.4 g kg-1 CP, respectively). Analyzing the CNCPS protein fractions of pea:oat silages it was found that silage from pea monoculture contained the highest PA fraction (non protein nitrogen, immediately degraded in the rumen) and that PA fraction increased with increasing pea ratios in silages, which was a direct reflection of their high NPN and SolP in green forages and in silages. Because of those facts 25:50 and 50:50 pea:oat mixtures silages could be recommended for ruminant feeding. The investigated bacterial inoculant can increase the TP content, as well as PB1 (true protein rapidly degraded in the rumen) and PB3 (slowly degraded True Protein in the rumen, because it is associated with the cell wall) fractions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum proteins electrophoretic pattern and the concentrations of acute phase proteins in calves with chronic bronchopneumonia. Twenty-eight calves with clinical symptoms of disease were included into the evaluation. Blood serum was analyzed for total protein concentrations (TP), total and relative values of serum protein fractions, albumin/globulin ratio (A/G) and the concentrations of selected acute phase proteins - haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), and fibrinogen (Fbg). The results recorded in sick animals were compared with those in 36 clinically healthy calves as control group. In calves suffering from chronic bronchopneumonia we found significantly higher total serum protein concentrations than in healthy calves (p

The present study investigated the effect of different soil moisture content levels (60 - 70% SWC (soil water capacity) - control; 30 - 35% SWC - water stress) on yields, gas exchange parameters, seed health, and protein fractions of husked oat grain. The study showed that water deficit resulted in a decrease in grain weight per plant and a reduction in the gas exchange rates, primarily the photosynthesis and transpiration rates. Cladosporium cladosporioides was the dominant species on oat kernels in both experimental treatment options and in both years of the study. The presence of Fusarium poae was also found. Higher contents of prolamin, albumin and globulin fractions were found in the oat grain harvested from plants grown under soil water deficit conditions.

Karakterizacija ekstrakata plodnih tela devet autohtonih vrsta gljiva pripadnika razdela Basidiomycota obuhvatila je preliminarno ispitivanje hemijskog sastava i ispitivanje biološke aktivnosti. Primenom HPLC‐MS/MS i GC-FID tehnike detektovan je i određen sadržaj fenolnih jedinjenja i metil estara masnih kiselina. Primenom tehnike elektroforeze na mikročipu ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP" kapilarnom elektroforezom) izvršena je karakterizacija proteinskih frakcija u odabranim vrstama gljiva. Antioksidantna aktivnost (sposobnost neutralizacije slobodnih radikala, redukcioni potencijal), sadržaj ukupnih fenola i flavonoida vodenih i etanolnih ekstrakata ispitan je primenom spektrofotometrijskih metoda. Antimikrobna aktivnost metanolnog i heksanskog ekstrakta ispitana je na Gram‐pozitivnim i Gram–negativnim bakterijskim sojevima. Efekat etanolnih i vodenih ekstrakata odabranih vrsta gljiva na rast ćelijske linije MCF7 (humani adenokarcinom dojke pozitivan na estrogenske i progesteronske receptore), ispitan je MTT i SRB testom, dok je efekat frakcija ispitan primenom MTT testa. Sumarno, ukupni biopotencijal ispitivanih vrsta na osnovu sprovedenih analiza hemijske karakterizacije i bioloških testova upućuju opravdanost hipoteze da su odabrane vrste potencijalni izvori nutraceutika. Svakako je potrebno i neophodno nastaviti dalja istraživanja ovih vrsta. Characterization of extracts of fruiting bodies of nine native species of mushrooms members of section Basidiomycota included preliminary testing of chemical composition and biological activity. Using HPLC‐MS / MS and GC‐FID techniques the content of phenolic compounds and fatty acid methyl esters has been detected and determined. By applying the techniques of electrophoresis on microchip ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP" capillary electrophoresis) characterization of protein fractions in selected types of mushrooms has been performed. The antioxidant activity (the ability of neutralizing free radicals, reducing potential), the contents of total phenols and flavonoids of water and ethanol extracts has been tested using the spectrophotometric method. The antimicrobial activity of methanol and hexane extracts was tested against Gram‐ positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. The effect of ethanol and aqueous extracts of selected fungi species on the growth of the cell line MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors), has been examined using MTT and SRB assay, while the effect of the fractions has been tested by using the MTT assay. In summary, the overall biological potential of the examined species based on results for chemical and biological characterization tests (anti‐oxidative, antimicrobial and anti‐proliferative) indicate the justifiability of the hypothesis that examined species of mushrooms are potential sources of nutraceuticals. It is certainly needed and necessary to continue further research of these species.

Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) represent an essential source of food protein for many people in Sudan, especially those who cannot afford to buy animal meat. The demand for faba bean seeds is greatly increased in recent years, and consequently its production area was extended southward where the climate is marginally suitable. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate seed yield and nutritional quality of five faba bean inbred lines grown under marginal environmental conditions of Sudan. The inbred lines have considerable (P ≤ 0.05) variability in yield and yield components, and seed chemical composition. The mean carbohydrate content was very high (501.1 g kg−1) and negatively correlated with seed yield, whereas the average protein content was relatively high (253.1 g kg−1) and positively correlated with seed yield. Globulin was the significant fraction (613.5 g kg−1protein) followed by albumin (200.2 g kg−1protein). Biplot analysis indicates that inbred lines Hudeiba/93‐S5 and Ed‐damar‐S5 outscore other lines in terms of seed yield and nutritional quality. This study demonstrates that Hudeiba/93‐S5 and Ed‐damar‐S5 are useful candidates in faba bean breeding program to terminate the protein deficiency malnutrition and provide healthy and nutritious meal for people living in subtropical areas.

Ten Indian wheat varieties viz. RSP-566, RSP-561, PBW-396, HD-2687, C-306, PBW-175, RSP-81, PBW-550, DBW-17 and WH-542 were characterized for grain nutritional quality parameters viz., macronutrients (viz. starch, protein, protein fractions, sugars, fat), essential elements (calcium, phosphorus, iron and zinc), carotenoids, antioxidant and antinutritional parameters (phytic acid, total phenol, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and trypsin inhibitor). RSP-561 possessed highest starch content, total protein, albumin, globulin, microelements (iron and zinc) and lowest antinutritional phytic acid and its grain contained second highest values of gluten (gliadin + glutenin), calcium, carotenoids and antioxidant contents and second lowest in antinutritional total phenol, PPO, trypsin inhibitor compositions. HD-2687 showed highest content of albumin, gliadin and total phenol constituents besides highest starch and total protein content. PBW-175 had highest sugar, calcium and carotenoids. However, antinutritional trypsin inhibitor, total phenol and PPO were found lowest in RSP-566, PBW-550 and RSP-81 respectively. The finding of this study concludes that on the basis of overall nutritional status, RSP-561 genotypes can be selected as one of best genotypes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:50:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 molina_jp_me_arafcf.pdf: 1805522 bytes, checksum: adb34fd5733f36fbfa386d389f68be89 (MD5) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) No presente trabalho, objetivou-se a determinar a composição química da farinha da semente de grão-de-bico, cultivar Cícero e do tremoço branco; o estabelecimento de condições de extração das proteínas; a separação das diferentes frações protéicas e caracterizou o comportamento térmico das frações protéicas. A composição química da farinha do grão-de-bico revelou valores de 18,72% de proteína, 10,02 % de umidade, 2,96% de cinzas e 2,6% de extrato etéreo. Já a composição química do tremoço revelou valores de 49,88% de proteína, 8,1% de umidade, 1,54% de cinzas e 2,94% de extrato etéreo. As frações do o grão-de-bico, cultivar Cícero, de maior conteúdo protéico foram a globulina com 88,67%, seguida da glutelina 74,78% e albumina 61,69% e prolamina 7,75%. Para o tremoço branco as frações de maiores conteúdos protéicos foram a albumina 91,33%, seguida da glutelina 89,24% e globulina 41,37%. O valor de energia gasta no processo endotérmico para o evento de desnaturação da proteína das frações protéicas do grão-de-bico, cultivar Cícero, expressos em H/Jg-1 é 190,3 para albumina, 154,3 para globulina, 140,4 para glutelina e 35,97 para prolamina. Para as frações protéicas do tremoço branco os valores expressos em H/Jg-1 é 173,6 para albumina, 208,8 para globulina e 126,0 para glutelina. O H/Jg-1 para prolamina não foi determinado. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the chickpeas, grow cicero and white lupine seed flour and the establishment of conditions for protein extraction, separation of different protein fractions and characterized the behavior thermal of the protein fractions. Now chemical composition of chickpeas flour revealed values of 18.72% protein, 10.02% moisture, 2.96% ash and 2.6% ether extract. Now the chemical composition of lupine revealed values of 49.88% protein, 8.1% moisture, 1.54% ash and 2.94% ether extract. The fractions for the chickpeas, Cicero is growing, of larger protein content were is globulin with 88.67%, followed by glutelin and albumin 74.78% 61.69% and 7.75% prolamin. For the white lupine, the fraction of larger protein content were is albumin 91.33%, followed by glutelin and globulin 89.24% 41.37%. The amount of energy expended in the endothermic process in the event of protein denaturation of the protein fractions of chickpeas, grow Cicero expressed in ΔH/Jg-1 is 190.3 for albumin, globulin to 154.3, 140, 4 to 35.97 for glutelin and prolamin. For the protein fractions of white lupine values in ΔH/Jg-1 is 173.6 for albumin, globulin and 208.8 to 126.0 for glutelin. The ΔH/Jg-1 to prolamin not determined.

In this work, proteins and tryptophan content were analyzed in kernels of semi-flint, semi-dent, dent and specialty ZP maize hybrids. Protein content, as well as protein fraction, differed significantly among the analyzed maize genotypes. Globulin was the lowest fraction in kernels of all maize hybrids (6.69-11.03% of total protein). The content of albumin was the highest in sweet hybrids ZP 441su and ZP 461su i.e. 20.27% and 19.76% of total protein, respectively. α-Zein and G-3 glutelin were dominant protein fractions in all maize genotypes. The highest content of α-zein and G-3 glutelin was in the kernels of popping maize hybrid ZP 611k, i.e. 29.25 and 25.71% of total protein, respectively. All hybrids could be classified according to the tryptophan content in three groups - over 0.08% (sweet and waxy hybrids), from 0.06 to 0.07% (three standard dent hybrids, one semi-flint and two semident hybrid) and from 0.05 to 0.06% (two semi-flint, one semi-dent hybrids and popping). U ovom radu ispitivan je sadržaj rastvorljivih proteina i triptofana u zrnu polutvrdunaca, poluzubana, zubana i specifičnih ZP hibrida kukuruza. Sadržaj ukupnih proteina, kao i sadržaj rastvorljivih proteinskih frakcija se statistički razlikovao između analiziranih genotipova kukuruza. Globulin je bio najmanjie zastupljena frakcija u kukuruznom zrnu (6.69-11.03% od ukupnih proteina). Sadržaj albuminske frakcije u zrnu hibrida šećeraca ZP 441su i ZP 461su iznosio je 20.27% i 19.76% od ukupnih proteina, dok je u zrnu ostalih hibrida bio značajno niži. α-zein i G3-glutelin bile su dominantne frakcije u zrnu svih ispitivanih genotipova kukuruza. Najviši sadržaj α-zeina i G3-glutelina bio je u zrnu kukuruza kokičara ZP 611k i iznosio je 29.25% i 25.71% od ukupnih proteina. Prema sadržaju triptofana svi analizirani hibridi mogu se podeliti u tri grupe: preko 0.08% (šećerci i voksi hibridi - ZP 441su, ZP 461su i ZP 704wx), od 0.06 do 0.07% (tri standardna zubana - ZP 434, ZP 544, ZP 688, poluzubani - ZP 643, ZP 717 i polutvrdunac ZP Prado), od 0.05 do 0.06% (dva polutvrdunca - ZP 209, ZP 745, jedan poluzuban i kokičar - ZP 505, ZP 611k). PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-20039.

It is widely known that Amaranth is a highly nutritious plant, and contains all the essential amino acids. It provides an amazing amount of magnesium, calcium and dietary fiber for general health. The literature provides that there are numerous citations about the quality and composition of amaranth seeds, but not much information about amaranth protein in the green mass. Furthermore, amaranth's green mass has a fast and high yield, making it a great source of protein. For this reason, the protein amount, as well as fractional composition in different kind of amaranth, was investigated. It was revealed that amaranth differs in its content of protein, with its maximal accumulation in the blossoming phase (17.2-32.6% from dry weight for various samples), within various species. It was confirmed that in the ontogenesis of amaranth, the share of albumins and globulins is reduced while the share of glutelins and gliadins is increased. A low content of reserved proteins in the seeds of amaranth (42% from the sum of protein) in comparison with wheat and other cereals has been observed. © 2008 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

It is widely known that Amaranth is a highly nutritious plant, and contains all the essential amino acids. It provides an amazing amount of magnesium, calcium and dietary fiber for general health. The literature provides that there are numerous citations about the quality and composition of amaranth seeds, but not much information about amaranth protein in the green mass. Furthermore, amaranth's green mass has a fast and high yield, making it a great source of protein. For this reason, the protein amount, as well as fractional composition in different kind of amaranth, was investigated. It was revealed that amaranth differs in its content of protein, with its maximal accumulation in the blossoming phase (17.2-32.6% from dry weight for various samples), within various species. It was confirmed that in the ontogenesis of amaranth, the share of albumins and globulins is reduced while the share of glutelins and gliadins is increased. A low content of reserved proteins in the seeds of amaranth (42% from the sum of protein) in comparison with wheat and other cereals has been observed. © 2008 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Four locally available crop residues viz., jowar stover (JS), maize stover (MS), red gram straw (RGS) and black gram straw (BGS) were evaluated for carbohydrate and protein fractions using Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein (CNCP) system. Lignin (% NDF) was higher in legume straws as compared to cereal stovers while Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) (% DM) followed the reverse trend. The carbohydrate fractions A and B1 were higher in BGS while B2 was higher in MS as compared to other crop residues. The unavailable cell wall fraction (C) was higher in legume straws when compared to cereal stovers. Among protein fractions, B1 was higher in legume straws when compared to cereal stovers while B2 was higher in cereal stovers as compared to legume straws. Fraction B3 largely, bypass protein was highest in MS as compared to other crop residues. Acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) (% CP) or unavailable protein fraction C was lowest in MS and highest in BGS. It is concluded that MS is superior in nutritional value for feeding ruminants as compared to other crop residues.

Soluble proteins from sparkling wines (var. Chardonnay) manufactured industrially following the Champenoise method were analysed by analytical anion-exchange FPLC (fast protein liquid chromatography). Samples of the must, the unfined wine, the fined wine and the sparkling wines after 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months of ageing with yeast lees were taken. Eight main must protein fractions were collected and characterized by isoelectric focusing and capillary electrophoresis. Six fractions consisted of proteins with isoelectric points (pIs) from 4.27 to 3.04. Two fractions, according to their UV spectra, seemed to contain phenolic compounds. A comparison of FPLC profiles of the must, the unfined wine and the fined wine indicated that both fermentation and stabilization processes decrease the concentration of those proteins with less affinity for the anion-exchange column and with a higher pi. No changes in the protein profiles of sparkling wines were observed during the first 18 months of ageing with yeast.

Improved nutritive and technological maize grain value is very important for its use in diets. In this work, the chemical composition and potential beneficial components, including total and soluble proteins, tryptophan, starch, sugars (sucrose and reducing sugars), and fibres were investigated in flour of eight specialty maize hybrids from Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje (ZP): two sweet, popping, red, white, waxy, yellow semiflint and yellow dent maize hybrids. In addition, digestibility of grain dry matter and viscosity of maize flour were determined. The highest nutritive value was recorded in sweet maize hybrids ZP 504su and ZP 531su which had the highest content of total protein, albumin, tryptophan, sugars and dietary fibres. Besides, low content of starch (55.32% and 54.59%, respectively) and lignin (0.39% and 0.45%) affected the highest dry matter digestibility (92.69% and 91.07%) of sweet maize flour. However, functional properties of ZP sweet hybrids were not satisfactory for food and industrial applications. In contrast, flour of ZP waxy maize hybrid was characterised by a clear and a high peak viscosity. All hybrids could be classified according to the sucrose content in three groups: a) > 4% (sweet and red hybrids-ZP 504su, ZP Rumenka), b) from 3 to 4% (waxy, standard dent and semi flint hybrids-ZP 704wx, ZP 434, ZP 633) and c) from 2 to 3% (sweet, white and popping maize hybrids-ZP 531su, ZP 74b, ZP 611k).α-Zein was the dominant protein fraction in all genotypes except the sweet maize hybrids, making 22.45% to 29.25% of the total protein content. La mejora en el valor nutritivo del maíz de grano es muy importante en las dietas. En este trabajo, se investigaron la composición química y componentes potencialmente beneficiosos (proteínas totales y solubles, triptófano, almidón, azúcares y fibras) en la harina de ocho híbridos de maíz de especialidad del Instituto de Investigación del Maíz Zemun Polje (ZP): dos dulces, reventón, rojo, blanco, ceroso, amarillo semivítreo y amarillo dentado. Se determinaron, además, la digestibilidad de la materia seca del grano y la viscosidad de la harina. El valor nutritivo más alto se registró en los híbridos dulces ZP 504su y ZP 531su, que presentaron el mayor contenido de proteínas totales, albúmina, triptófano, azúcares y fibras. Además, su bajo contenido de almidón (55,32% y 54,59%, respectivamente) y lignina (0,39% y 0,45%), afectó a la mayor digestibilidad de la materia seca (92,69% y 91,07%) de la harina de estos híbridos. Sin embargo, sus propiedades funcionales no fueron satisfactorias para la alimentación y usos industriales. Por el contrario, la harina de maíz híbrido ZP ceroso se caracterizó por una alta viscosidad. Según el contenido de sacarosa, los híbridos podrían ser clasificados en tres grupos: a) > 4% (ZP 504su, ZP Rumenka), b) 3-4% (ZP 704wx, ZP 434, ZP 633) y c) 2-3% (ZP 531su, ZP 74b, ZP 611k). La fracción proteica dominante en todos los genotipos fue la α-zeína, excepto en los híbridos dulces, donde constituyen el 22,45-29,25% del contenido total de proteínas.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of egg irradiation by low dose gamma rays on the concentration of total proteins and protein fractions in the blood plasma of chickens hatched from irradiated eggs. The eggs of heavy breed chickens were irradiated with a dose of 0.15 Gy gamma-rays (60Co) before incubation. Blood samples were taken from the right jugular vein on the 1st and 3rd days, or from the wing vein on day 7 after hatching. The total protein concentrations in the blood plasma was determined by the biuret method using Boehringer Mannheim GmbH optimized kits. The protein fractions (albumin, α1-globulin, α2- globulin, β- and γ- globulins) were estimated electrophoretically on cellulose acetate strips. The total protein concentration was significantly decreased in the blood plasma of chickens hatched from irradiated eggs on days 3 (P