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This paper deals with the methodology of experimental research of phonosemantics complexes that are able to actualize the emotional function in modern English film discourse. It is claimed that such type of investigation must be held by means of perceptual and acoustic analyses. The article contains the program of investigation, its main stages including corpus, participants (auditors- informants and auditors-phoneticians), and their tasks. Acoustic analysis was directed on proving the results of perceptive analyses by counting and evaluation of tonal, dynamic and temporal characteristics. The given methodological grounds create a fundamental basis for investigation of phonosemantic means and complexes of modern English motion pictures.

Through discussion on the disposal of crop stalks in rural China, where stalks are usually burned in the open air, resulting in the production of a large amount of smoke and air pollution, this study has been conducted to discuss the reasonable and effective use of waste stalks, and to explain the excellent characteristics of stalks from the perspective of green, ecological sustainable design and user perceptual needs, as well as the application of stalks in furniture design. In view of the accuracy of stalks in the design of furniture products, the paper has adopted the evaluation grid method in Miryoku engineering to guide the design practice. In the research process, interviews were first conducted on the basis of sample selection, then based on the expert opinion survey method, eight testers were selected for in-depth interviews. Key words of charm factors were extracted from 190 picture samples, and then a personal evaluation structure map and statistical data were built to construct an overall evaluation structure of the rural style stalk furniture. Next, the score value of the charm factor of stalk furniture was analyzed through the Likert scale questionnaire, the charm factor and specific performance characteristics of the rural style were sorted, followed by a proposed design method. Finally, the effectiveness of the design strategy was verified with the design of stalk furniture in rural style. The study emerged with the feasibility of the design of furniture products made of stalks. The results of the study have shown the correlation between the elements of furniture products and the perceptual image of users. Furthermore, the results have demonstrated the reuse value of waste stalks and improved the innovative design of stalks in the home furnishing field, which conveys the concept of sustainable development.

La presente investigación preliminar es producto de la prospección y reconocimiento arqueológico realizado en el valle del bajo del Chillón. El área central es la margen izquierda y desde el sitio arqueológico Huaca Pro se analizan una serie de caracteres formales y perceptivos que permiten la comprensión de la dinámica social. El asentamiento es analizado a nivel intra e interespacial, aproximándonos a la comprensión del sentido proxémico entre sitios cercanos. Todo ello mediante indicadores como el emplazamiento, orientaciones, configuración espacial, elementos materiales, etc., que fueron reflejo de roles que adquirió la Huaca Pro para los periodos prehispánicos tardíos., This preliminary research results from prospecting and archaeological survey conducted in the valley under the Chillon. The central area is the left side and from the archaeological site Huaca Pro series Formal and Perceptive characters that allow an understanding of the social dynamics are analyzed. The settlement is analyzed within and interspace level, approaching proxemic sense understanding between nearby. All this through indicators such as siting, orientation, spatial configuration, materials, elements, etc., reflecting roles that were acquired by the Huaca Pro for late pre-Hispanic period.

Purpose: Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) often show reduced speech intelligibility, which affects their social interaction skills. This study aims to establish the main predictors of this reduced intelligibility in order to ultimately optimise management. Method: Spontaneous speech and picture naming tasks were recorded in 36 adults with mild or moderate ID. Twenty-five naïve listeners rated the intelligibility of the spontaneous speech samples. Performance on the picture-naming task was analysed by means of a phonological error analysis based on expert transcriptions. Results: The transcription analyses showed that the phonemic and syllabic inventories of the speakers were complete. However, multiple errors at the phonemic and syllabic level were found. The frequencies of specific types of errors were related to intelligibility and quality ratings. Conclusions: The development of the phonemic and syllabic repertoire appears to be completed in adults with mild-to-moderate ID. The charted speech difficulties can be interpreted to indicate speech motor control and planning difficulties. These findings may aid the development of diagnostic tests and speech therapies aimed at improving speech intelligibility in this specific group.

Introduction: Change in resonance is the most commonly experienced speech problems in children diagnosed with cleft lip and palate. The degree of nasality during normal speech production is maintained by the changes in velopharyngeal port. These variations in speech signal are reported to be successfully captured using acoustical tools like spectral analysis. Aim: The present study investigated to note voice low tone to high tone ratio (VLHR) values for phonation samples of individuals with cleft palate before and after surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty children with congenital cleft of palate within 8 to 15 years of age participated in the study. Three trials of sustained vowels (/a/,/i/ and /u/) were recorded at their comfortable pitch and loudness level in a noise free room using a hand held dynamic microphone. Praat software that utilized Hillenbrand algorithm was used to extract the VLHR values for samples recorded before and after recovery from the surgery. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant decrease in VLHR values after surgery in comparison to before the surgery. Analysis of Variance revealed statistical significant difference at 95% confidence level. Conclusion: It is concluded that VLHR parameter could be used as an index to measure nasality and can be included in the routine tool assessment protocol.

Summary Even though most singers and other professional voice users are encouraged to relax to optimize the quality and performance of the voice, observations of acclaimed singers, actors, and public speakers would suggest otherwise. These successful vocal performers appear to be energized, actively working and exerting themselves. For this reason, a study was designed to explore the role of exertion in maintaining and optimizing the voice. The focus of this study was the possibility that increasing exertion could improve the voice and might result in the voice user experiencing less strain and, therefore, more comfort and ease. Ten subjects were recorded before and after completing a workshop to develop their skills with precise use of effort involving selected parameters of the larynx and vocal tract. Self-reported ratings of degree of exertion and level of comfort were collected at the time of each recording. The preworkshop and postworkshop recordings were analyzed acoustically and perceptually to compare the degree of noise in the signal that corresponds with the efficiency of the voice. The results indicated that, for all subjects, the quality of the voice improved with an increase in the use of specific exertion. Furthermore, ease and comfort also significantly increased.