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Postpurchase out-of-stock (PP-OOS) often happens in an online grocery context, where products appear to be available at the time a consumer places an order, but become OOS when the order is to be dispatched. This paper investigates two substitution policies that can mitigate negative responses: substitutions can match (i) on the dominant attribute and (ii) with a product from the consumers’ past purchase portfolio. According to data collected through two computer-simulated purchase experiments, involving more than 3,000 households and five product categories, matching the substitution on the dominant attribute increases acceptance, but this dominant attribute varies across\ud category differentiation level (flavor for horizontal differentiated categories like cereals or crips vs. brand for vertical differentiated categories like margarine or ketchup). Category differentiation also informs acceptance of national brand or private-label flavor substitutes, such that, same-flavor private label is prefered more in horizontal differentiated categories. Matching on the basis of previous purchases has positive effects for both category differentiation levels, and when combining both policies, the previous purchase matching effect grows stronger for same flavor, rather than same brand, matching. These detailed insights establish several key managerial implications for substitution policies in online grocery contexts.

The concept of Bioeconomy is associated with sustainable development changes both in production and consumption systems. For this reason, this research was carried out with the objective to describe the scientific production related to the different strategic groups’ perceptions about Bioeconomy and to group the existing literature into thematic clusters. Initially, in this bibliometric study, 67 articles were selected from the Scopus database based on the words “Bioeconomy” and “Perceptions”. Later, the VOSviewer software, version 1.6.18, was used to perform the bibliometric analysis. The results revealed the existence of four clusters. The first cluster included articles about Bioeconomy on the perspective of the timber strategic sector and of the different actors in the field of forestry action closest to the Bioeconomy field. The second cluster included articles related to the perception about Bioeconomy by Civil Society, in general, and higher education students, in particular, as well as their opinions on the importance of the forestry sector for the Bioeconomy. The third cluster comprised the articles that consider the Bioeconomy to be the innovative way to go to ensure the sustainability of the planet, therefore highlighting the importance of knowing the perceptions and raising awareness of all strategic groups to ensure the successful transition to the Bioeconomy. Finally, the fourth cluster included articles related to the consumer attitudes and behaviours regarding the acceptance of new biofood products resulting from the Circular Economy. The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020) and SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

People’s attitudes toward wildlife may impact their behaviors in support of conservation. We surveyed people in the United States to determine if gender, age, or visual contexts commonly seen in zoos impacted wildlife attitudes and perceptions of animals in zoos. After viewing an image of a two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) or reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) in one of six different contexts, respondents indicated their agreement with statements designed to reveal their wildlife attitudes. We categorized attitude types, determined factors influencing attitudes, and investigated perceptions of animals in zoos. Analyses revealed both positive and negative wildlife attitudes. Attitudes were not influenced by the context in which animals were portrayed but were highly impacted by gender and age. Similar factors influenced perceptions of animals in zoos. Zoological facilities should consider how attitudes are shaped by gender and age when designing animal exhibits, educational programs, and media offerings to promote conservation mindedness.

Background: Continuation of breastfeeding in the postpartum period during a new pregnancy is affected by various factors, with the most important being the perception of mothers' inadequacy regarding their milk (also called perception of breast milk insufficiency). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the perception of breast milk insufficiency of tandem breastfeeding mothers compared to non-tandem breastfeeding mothers. Methods: This case-control study was conducted online with a total of 259 mother participants. A Mother Descriptive Characteristics Form, Tandem Breastfeeding Form and Perception of Insufficient Milk Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: The mean scores of case and control group mothers on the insufficient milk perception scale were 28.12 ± 6.3 and 39.1 ± 10.2, respectively. The rate of mothers in the case group who experienced bleeding when continuing to breastfeed during pregnancy was 11.3%, those who experienced uterine contraction was 19.1%, and those who reported a threatened premature birth was 8.4%. Conclusions: Breastfeeding has many benefits for both mother and baby. While even a mother under normal conditions has a perception of milk deficiency, this situation becomes even more intense in mothers who continue breastfeeding while pregnant. It is extremely important for healthcare professionals to be knowledgeable and aware of this issue in order to accurately guide mothers who choose to tandem breastfeed. © 2022 Neonatal Nurses Association

Identifying which agricultural activities rural youth would be interested to participate in and understanding which factors are enabling and constraining their participation is essential in attempting to alleviate rural youth unemployment and ameliorate the poor succession plan in smallholder agriculture. Employing a recent household survey dataset, descriptive statistics, and multinomial logit regression, this study sought to examine this issue. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 152 rural youth from Amajuba and Umzinyathi districts in KwaZulu-Natal Province. The study showed that rural youth are interested in engaging in all activities along the agricultural value chain. The factors enhancing their interest include access to resources and services (agricultural training, land, information, and communication technologies), age, and having a household member engaged in agriculture. However, access to other resources and services (formal education, social media, finance, psychological capital, and wealth), and dependency ratio were found to negatively affect their interest. These findings suggest that policymakers should formulate strategies that are sensitive to the resource endowment and access to services of the rural youth when aiming at engaging them in agricultural activities.

The Covid-19 pandemic has tested the role of internal communication (IC) in managing adaptation to change and digitalisation in companies, in the context of a sudden switch to implementing remote working, the reorientation and temporary interruption of activity and mass redundancies. With the aim of analysing the effect of Covid-19 on the assessment of corporate communication managers regarding the business environment and the challenges faced by IC departments in Spain, a statistical analysis compares data collected in 2018 and 2020 (N=118 and N=69 respectively) on the perceptions of members of Dircom (Asociación de Directivos de Comunicación) [Association of Communication Executives]. In addition, a systematic analysis of the 2020 open questions is carried out. The results highlight an improvement in the perception that investment in IC is sufficient during the pandemic, although it remains among the worst rated aspects of the business context. Managing digital and media developments, linking IC with corporate strategy and strengthening the role of communication in decision-making are the greatest perceived challenges, with no changes due to Covid-19. On the other hand, the majority of the respondents believe that Covid-19 is having a positive influence on IC, showing its importance for the proper functioning of the business during the pandemic, with an increase in its actions. More than half of the respondents appreciate that IC has driven business values and changes in the way these departments operate; two-thirds have learned lessons for their business; and almost three-quarters perceive that the incorporation of audiovisual and on-line media will continue. La pandèmia de COVID-19 ha posat a prova el rol de la comunicació interna (CI) en la gestió de l'adaptació al canvi i a la digitalització de les empreses, en una situació sobtada d'implantació del teletreball, reorientació i interrupció temporal de l'activitat i acomiadaments massius. Amb l'objectiu d'analitzar l'efecte de la COVID-19 sobre l'avaluació que els gestors de comunicació de les empreses fan de l'entorn empresarial i dels desafiaments que afronten els departaments de CI a Espanya, una anàlisi estadística compara les dades recollides el 2018 i el 2020 (N = 118 i 69, respectivament) sobre les percepcions dels socis de Dircom (Associació de Directius de Comunicació). A més, es fa una anàlisi sistemàtica de les preguntes obertes de 2020. Entre els resultats destaca la percepció que la inversió en CI millora durant la pandèmia, si bé continua entre els aspectes pitjor valorats de l'entorn empresarial. Manejar l'evolució digital i dels mitjans, unir la CI amb l'estratègia corporativa i enfortir el rol de la comunicació en la presa de decisions són els principals reptes percebuts, sense modificacions per la COVID-19. D'altra banda, la majoria valora que la COVID-19 influeix positivament sobre la CI, que mostra la seva importància per al bon funcionament empresarial durant la pandèmia amb un increment de les seves actuacions. Més de la meitat dels participants aprecien que la CI ha impulsat valors empresarials i canvis en el funcionament d'aquests departaments; dos terços n'han extret ensenyaments per a la seva activitat; i quasi tres quartes parts perceben que la incorporació de mitjans audiovisuals i en línia perdurarà. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha puesto a prueba el rol de la comunicación interna (CI) en la gestión de la adaptación al cambio y a la digitalización de las empresas, en una situación repentina de implantación del teletrabajo, reorientación e interrupción temporal de la actividad y despidos masivos. Con el objetivo de analizar el efecto de la COVID-19 sobre la evaluación que los gestores de comunicación de las empresas hacen del entorno empresarial y de los desafíos que afrontan los departamentos de CI en España, un análisis estadístico compara los datos recogidos en 2018 y 2020 (N = 118 y 69, respectivamente) sobre las percepciones de los socios de Dircom (Asociación de Directivos de Comunicación). Además, se realiza un análisis sistemático de las preguntas abiertas de 2020. Entre los resultados destaca la percepción que la inversión en CI mejora durante la pandemia, aunque continúa entre los aspectos peor valorados del entorno empresarial. Manejar la evolución digital y de los medios, unir la CI con la estrategia corporativa y fortalecer el rol de la comunicación en la toma de decisiones son los mayores retos percibidos, sin modificaciones por la COVID-19. Por otro lado, la mayoría valora que la COVID-19 influye positivamente sobre la CI, que muestra su importancia para el buen funcionamiento empresarial durante la pandemia con un incremento de sus actuaciones. Más de la mitad de los participantes aprecian que la CI ha impulsado valores empresariales y cambios en el funcionamiento de estos departamentos; dos tercios han extraído enseñanzas para su actividad; y casi tres cuartas partes perciben que la incorporación de medios audiovisuales y en línea perdurará.

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has shown a rise in morbidity and mortality due to NCDs. PLHIV have shown to be more exposed to NCDs and identifying the knowledge gaps might help the management of NCDs in PLHIV. Objective: The study was conducted in order to determine knowledge and perceptions regarding NCDs in PLHIV from Chitungwiza Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey on 324 participants from Chitungwiza Hospital. Data collection was through a designed questionnaire. Knowledge and perceptions were evaluated, and the associated risk factors were identified using the Logistic Regression Model. Results: Results showed a 65% level of knowledge and 80% positive perceptions on NCDs. Participants

This study presents a preliminary psychometric evaluation of the Greek version of the Perceptions of Sex Offenders scale (PSO) in a community sample in Greece and examines the sociodemographic differences in its score. The participants were 452 people between 18 and 74 years old (mean age: 38). There were 141 men (31.27%) and 310 women (68.73%). The results supported a two-factor structure for the Greek PSO (factor I = Sentencing and Management and factor II = Stereotype Endorsement), while the third factor of the original PSO (“Risk Perception”) was not supported. These subscales demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha was .88 for the full scale with 18 retained items, .90 for the Sentencing and Management subscale and .83 for the Stereotype Endorsement subscale). There was also preliminary evidence for adequate construct validity. The older participants and those with lower educational levels asked for harsher managing and sentencing of sex offenders and had more stereotypes. The Greek version of the PSO is reliable, easy to administer and can be used for research and clinical purposes in men and women. This highlights the necessity for the cultural adaptation of the PSO in many other languages and countries. Future studies could use the PSO in specific samples like students, social workers, psychologists, correctional or judicial employees, police officers etc. to evaluate the possible differences between these groups.

This study examined perceptions and attitudes towards the uses of manual and automated catalogues among undergraduate students with a focus on three selected university libraries in North Central Nigeria, namely the University of Abuja Library, Abuja, Federal University of Technology Minna Library, Niger State and Kwara State University Library, Malete. The research design used in this study is a descriptive survey. The research population comprises the total number of undergraduate students registered with each of the libraries of the three selected universities in North Central, Nigeria. The University of Abuja Library had two thousand and seventeen (2,017) registered users, Federal University of Technology Minna, Library had two thousand four hundred and forty (2,440), and Kwara State University Malete library had four thousand eight hundred and twenty-four (4,824). This brings the total number of undergraduate library users registered with the three university libraries to 9,281. The sample size for the study was established using the random sampling table published by Israel in 1992. The table provided 200 for a population of 10,000 at ±7% Precision level and 95% confidence level. Therefore, 200 respondents were selected randomly which represent a cross-section of the population in each of the three selected universities in North Central. The instrument used to collect data was a structurally designed questionnaire. To ensure clarity of expressions and appropriateness of language used, the instrument went through face validation from some lecturers in library and information science in the selected universities. Reliability Test measurement yielded a value of 0.71 for Cronbach’s Alpha. A total number of two hundred (200) copies of the questionnaire were distributed randomly to the selected samples from the three selected institutions. Out of this, one hundred and twenty (120) copies, forty from each university library, were successfully filled, retrieved and found usable for the analysis, giving a response rate of 60%. The data generated from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results were then presented in tabular forms and charts using simple percentages and frequency counts to facilitate a better understanding of the proportions in terms of particular responses. The study concluded that undergraduate students in the three selected university libraries prefer OPAC over the card catalogue; and that despite the availability of the OPAC many students still patronized the card catalogue, which means that in terms of patronage the gap between the OPAC and card catalogue is not that much. A periodic user education program for undergraduate students should be organized by the library management. This will give them the knowledge and abilities they need to find books and other information resources in the library using the card catalogue and OPAC as an effective searching tool.

Jonathan Nsamba,1,2 Gloria Nabirye,3 Sibasis Hense,1 Fotios Drenos,2 Elezebeth Mathews1 1Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India; 2Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UB8 3PH UK; 3Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, UgandaCorrespondence: Elezebeth Mathews; Fotios Drenos, Email dr.elezebethmathews@cukerala.ac.in; Fotios.Drenos@brunel.ac.ukIntroduction: The first-year post-diagnosis is the most challenging and stressful period in the lifetime of a young child and adolescent living with diabetes, given the adjustments that are meant to be adopted. Therefore, psychosocial factors affecting newly diagnosed children and adolescents need to be well understood and children supported to improve treatment adherence. However, evidence concerning psychosocial experiences among young patients with diabetes is scant in Uganda. This study explores the perceptions and experiences of newly diagnosed children and adolescents in Uganda.Methods: A qualitative exploratory design was employed. We recruited participants aged 6 to < 18 years diagnosed within twelve months from three study sites: Mulago National Referral Hospital, Wakiso HCIV, and St Francis Nsambya Hospital. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted, and textual data were analysed thematically using a framework approach.Results: We identified five themes: battling with symptoms, emotions at diagnosis, challenges in coping with diabetes management, changes I have made, and positive outcomes registered. The analysis found that young people living with diabetes experience a new world of adjustments, including insulin therapy, routine blood glucose monitoring, and dietary changes that are often difficult to deal with, especially in the first year after diagnosis.Discussion: Continuous psychosocial support to newly diagnosed young children and adolescents with T1DM is vital. Addressing psychosocial challenges may improve adherence to treatment regimens.Conclusion: Our findings have demonstrated the mixed experiences of newly diagnosed young children and adolescents living with diabetes, from anxiety and stigmatization to independence.Keywords: children, diabetes, perceptions, lived experiences, Uganda

International audience; À l’heure où la question de la sécurité au Sahel est au cœur des principaux enjeux politiques et où elle cristallise les débats dans le monde scientifique autant que dans la presse, cet ouvrage collectif fait le choix d’aborder cette question cruciale au Burkina Faso dans une perspective tout à fait originale. Au lieu de l’aborder par le haut, comme c’est généralement le cas dans les travaux portant sur cette thématique, les auteurs choisissent d’inverser la démarche et de l’aborder par le bas. En effet, ils ont tout d’abord pris le parti de rendre compte de la manière dont les citoyens perçoivent et vivent les défis de la sécurité, en s’intéressant à l’interface entre les enjeux locaux et les insécurités multiples. Ensuite, ils ont pris la commune comme unité d’observation et d’analyse, en la conceptualisant comme une arène sociopolitique, tout en considérant que les enjeux de sécurité locale concernent souvent les élus municipaux et les fonctionnaires locaux. Les observations ont été menées par une équipe de recherche dans plusieurs communes rurales et urbaines en étudiant les formes multiples d’insécurité telles qu’elles sont vécues par la population : attaques armées, terrorisme, crimes organisés, délinquance, exactions, bavures, etc. L’ouvrage fait apparaître à la fois la variété des situations d’insécurité telles qu’elles se déploient selon les communes étudiées, leurs éléments de similitude ainsi que les interprétations qui en sont faites par les acteurs locaux.

here are many reasons to perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV). This study analyzes the attributions and perceptions of Portuguese men who perpetrate IPV to understand their justifications for violence against their female partners. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven male perpetrators. Through thematic analysis, three main categories emerged: self, partner, and situational factors. Perpetrators identified self attributes as justifications to abuse, such as individual characteristics, emotional disturbances, and jealousy; partner attributes, such as partners’ characteristics and the use of violence against them; and situational factors, such as alcohol abuse and relational stressors. Perpetrators’ narratives evidenced a tendency to conceive violence as an unintentional and unplanned action, attributing violence to uncontrollable factors, and an attitude of non-accountability for their behaviors/actions. A deeper understanding of perpetrators’ perceptions and attributions for IPV will help to develop more effective intervention programs with offenders or to improve the existent ones, for example, in terms of dropout prevention, to reduce violence against women. Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This study aims to understand the attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions concerning the consumption of Functional Foods (FF) and to analyze the modulating role of some socio-demographic factors. Cross-sectional study recruited a random stratified sample from universities. A web-based questionnaire was applied and data were analyzed using SPSS and FACTOR software. A large percentage of the respondents consumes FF regularly, mainly in intermediate meals, despite their poor knowledge about FF. Taste, price, convenience, lack of knowledge on how much to consume, and uncertainty on how to prepare FF are barriers to consumption. Consumers feel the need to eat it, believe in its safety, and have more confidence in the products than those who do not consume them. Benefits are not a motivator for the consumption. Bachelors and women are those that consume more FF in a daily/weekly basis; although age and scientific area did not have impact on the frequency consumption. The findings help national and multinational food companies identify target market segments where introducing FF or increasing existing FF are most likely to succeed. These need to provide consumers with appropriate or relevant health claims, to help them make satisfactory food choices; such as, clear information on labelling, better online marketing strategies, and promotional activities.

We examined whether prejudice-related personality characteristics (i.e., right wing authoritarianism [RWA]) and COVID-19–driven psychological resource loss might predict perpetrator-directed punitive responding (i.e., support for criminal charges) to a COVID-19–related attack on a Chinese victim by a White male. Across two studies, participants completed an RWA measure and reported the extent they had experienced COVID-19–related psychosocial resource loss. They then read a passage describing the COVID-19–related physical assault. For both studies, at low resource loss levels, low RWA participants reported greater punitive responding toward the perpetrator than high RWA participants. This RWA–punitive responding association was mediated by greater victim-directed suffering sensitivity (i.e., empathy) for Study 1 and greater anti-perpetrator reactions (i.e., hate crime perceptions) for Study 2. The RWA association with the relevant outcome variables (i.e., suffering sensitivity, anti-perpetrator bias, and punitive responding) was eliminated at high psychological resource loss levels. Specifically, low and high RWA participants reported similar reactions. While previous research has demonstrated that high RWA individuals tend to report greater outgroup-directed prejudicial responses due to COVID-19–driven perceptions of threat, our findings demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic can also elicit feelings of resource loss that can diminish the egalitarian reactions typically reported by low RWA individuals. In sum, we demonstrate that experiencing difficult life circumstances such as COVID-19 psychosocial resource loss can diminish supportive reactions toward victimized minority group members even among low RWA participants who are typically expected to be more sensitive to the struggles of those who are disadvantaged.

Over the recent years, the status of luxury has been a fast-growing niche market (Alnawas & Hemsley-Brown, 2019; Chang, Ko, & Leite, 2016; Lo & Yeung, 2020; Yang & Matilla, 2016), contributing to enhancing its status of tourism to a superior commodity, usually labelled as luxuries. This promise of status enhancement has attracted managers to enter the luxury segment, thus conferring to their resorts (Yin Chu, Liang Tang, & Yi Luo, 2016; Walls, Okumus, Wang, & Joon-Wuk Kwun, 2011). The hospitality industry exerts efforts to have high involvement services, rich physical environments and professional services that support the prices (Knutson, Stevens, Patton, & Thompson, 1993; Seyfi, Hall, & Rasoolimanesh, 2020; Titz, 2007). However, tourists in luxury hotels are not expected to have only functional benefits since they also look for value experiential services (Alnawas & Hemsley-Brown, 2019; Cetin & Walls, 2016; Chaney, Lunardo, & Mencarelli, 2018; Walls, Okumus, Wang, & Kwun, 2011). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Home economics is one of the learning areas in the K-12 curriculum which is performance-based as it develops a wide range of practical skills that enable learners to gain knowledge and understanding on cooking, family financing, nutrition, and other various skills for life. But with this pandemic, how will the mentioned skills will be developed among learners, especially in the modular distance learning modality. This study, aimed to look into the learners’ perceptions and practices on modular distance learning: Implications to Home Economics performance at Dalamas Integrated School, South - 1 District, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte in the school year 2022-2023. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design. Included in the data were the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, and parents’ educational attainment; perceptions of the respondents on Modular Distance Learning in terms of students’ preparedness, modular content, distribution and retrieval of modules, and support from school; and the academic performance of the students. Findings revealed that the respondents perceived Home Economics as helpful in improving their practical and life skills preparing them for their future. Though difficulties in providing good laboratories for applications of their topic are met especially in this time of the pandemic, still the students have realized the importance of Home Economics in their lives. It can be noted that learners need learning materials suitable to their needs to improve their engagement and participation in their classes. Moreover, providing a supportive school environment improves their motivation to learn the necessary skills expected of them to perform in their Home Economics class. However, data revealed that perceptions of students on modular distance learning do not necessarily affect their academic performance and that their perceptions is not differentiated based on their profile.

The life orientation programme (LOP) was introduced to all schools in South Africa to help learners to, among others, take cognisance of their sexual lives. Before the programme was introduced in the 2006, many learners had become infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The programme was introduced based on the perceptions that some learners were struggling as a result of the epidemic. The main aim of this study was to evaluate educators’ perceptions of their ability to successfully implement the objectives of the programme. In the study we used open-ended questions to explore 8 educators’ perceptions on the programme. Of the 8 educators who responded to the questions in the questionnaire, only 2 were interviewed based on their willingness and commitment to life orientation (LO) in schools. The findings suggest that only 1 of the 8 educators had the relevant training and qualification to teach LO at school. Although the educators considered the programme to have a moderate influence on the learners’ sexual behaviour, we highlight compromise and uncertainty about the veracity of such claims. The introduction of LO to South African schools cannot be underestimated because of its well-timed intervention. However, all involved must be committed to ensure successful implementation of the programme.

Legal psychologists’ assessments can have a major impact on the fact finder’s evaluation of evidence and, consequently, perceptions of guilt. Yet, in the few studies about legal psychologists’ assessments and reports, great variability was found. As is the case with other forensic expert domains, legal psychologists are prone to cognitive biases, such as being adversely affected by irrelevant contextual information, confirmation bias, and allegiance bias. Based on the scientific literature, we propose several ways in which legal psychologists can minimize cognitive biases in their assessments, most notably the alternative scenario method. Furthermore, we propose guidelines for expert witnesses in the legal psychological domain, designed to make reports as scientifically grounded, applicable, readable, transparent, and bias-free as possible. We hope that the guidelines will enhance the quality of expert witness testimony provided by legal psychologists around the world.

BACKGROUND Health professionals’ commitment is needed to address disparities in hypertension control by ancestry, but their perceptions regarding these disparities are understudied. METHODS Cross-sectional mixed methods study in a universal healthcare setting in the Netherlands. Snowball sampling was used to include professionals practicing in a large multicity conglomerate including the capital city. Online surveys were collected, and survey participants were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. We used quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze health professionals’ awareness, beliefs, and possible interventions regarding these disparities. RESULTS We analyzed questionnaire data of 77 health professionals (medical doctors n = 70, nurses = 7), whereas 13 were interviewed. Most professionals were women (59%), general practitioners (81%); and White-European (77%), with 79% caring for patients of diverse ancestry. Disparities in hypertension control by ancestry were perceived to exist nationally (83% [95% CI, 75;91]), but less so in health professionals’ own clinics (62% [52;73]), or among their own patients (56% [45;67]). Survey respondents emphasized patient rather than provider-level factors as mediators of poor hypertension control by ancestry. The collection of data on patients’ ancestry, updating guidelines, and professional training were considered helpful to reduce disparities. Interviewees further emphasized patient-level factors, but also the need to better educate health professionals and increase their awareness. CONCLUSIONS This explorative study finds that health professionals predominantly attribute disparities in hypertension control to patient-level factors. Awareness of disparities was lower for more proximate healthcare settings. These data emphasize the need to consider health professionals’ perceptions when addressing disparities in hypertension control.

Urban greenspace provides citizens with important cultural ecosystem services (CES). Identifying landscape features and land use contexts that facilitate CES delivery is critical for guiding urban greenspace management. However, how landscape features and urban context interact with each other in influencing the CES of greenspaces remains unclear. Studies on the CES of patchy urban forests are needed as they are essential urban CES providers, but vulnerable under urban land use pressure. To address these concerns, we compared the CES of 20 urban forest patches in Helsinki, Finland, with five different combinations of landscape features (i.e. size and connectivity) and land use contexts (i.e. surrounding construction density). CES were assessed through an on-site survey on visitors' use, perceptions of CES experience and overall satisfaction, to capture the possible disparities among CES measurements. In larger (>20 ha) forests, visitors were highly satisfied with CES, particularly appreciating the experience of physical health improvement and inspiration through longer and more intense physical uses. Visitors of urban forests in a low construction density context appreciated experiences of cultural heritage, psychological restoration and physical health improvement. Urban forests deliver unique CES characterised by physical use and the benefit of restoration, aesthetics and contact with nature. We suggest that maintaining large urban forests is more effective in promoting CES in high-density areas. In low-density areas, maintaining small forests with open greenspace in the surroundings can also promote CES experiences. We identify management gaps caused by a mismatch between use intensity and CES experiences of urban forests, while both are important in determining people's overall satisfaction. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

En contexte inclusif, gérer la classe de manière à répondre à la diversité des besoins des élèves représente un défi complexe pour les enseignants. Face aux comportements difficiles, ils sont nombreux à recourir au retrait de classe; une pratique fréquemment utilisée auprès des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales. Mettant à profit la voix des principaux concernés, cet article vise à documenter leurs perceptions concernant le retrait de classe. À l’aide d’un devis de recherche descriptif et narratif, des entrevues individuelles ont été réalisées avec quatorze élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales scolarisés en classe d’adaptation scolaire au secondaire et soumises à une analyse thématique par catégorisation émergente. Les analyses ont permis d’identifier six conditions d’efficacité et six types de retraits qui ont été classés en fonction de leur efficacité perçue par les participants. Les résultats permettent de formuler plusieurs recommandations susceptibles d’améliorer la qualité de l’expérience scolaire des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales et de soutenir leur bien-être à l’école., In an inclusive context, managing the classroom to meet the diverse needs of students is a complex challenge for teachers, many of whom use time-out from class to manage indiscipline. These practices are also frequently used with students with emotional and behavioral difficulties. Drawing on the voices of key stakeholders, this article aims to document their perceptions of time-out technique. Using a descriptive and narrative research design, individual interviews were carried out with fourteen emotional and behavioral difficulties students enrolled in special education classes at secondary school and subjected to a thematic analysis by emerging categorization. The analyzes identified six conditions for effectiveness and six types of time-out procedure that were ranked according to their perceived effectiveness by participants. The results provide several recommendations that could improve the quality of the school experience for emotional and behavioral difficulties students and support their well-being in school.

This article examines attitudes toward the development of a cultural route based on Ottoman heritage in Europe among university students from Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia, Croatia, and Hungary. The online survey results outline the basic preconditions and potential obstacles to the development of such a cultural route, with the lack of public support in most countries identified as one of the major problems. The general conclusion is that both the attractiveness of the route’s content and public support can increase if the thematic focus is set on cultural interactions between different nations rather than on ‘pure’ Ottoman heritage and Islamic religion. This can lead to greater public acceptance and increased interest among stakeholders at the local, national, and international levels, and create the conditions for effective functionality and long-term sustainability of the route.

Food systems are under pressure to produce more food of higher quality while reducing the pressure on natural resources. Currently, land degradation is widespread, especially in areas with smallholder farming. Agricultural extension may help farmers to adopt sustainable practices. However, adoption rates of interventions are often low in smallholder farming. This paper carries out an ex-ante analysis to determine to what extent the perception of soil characteristics (land cover, slope, soil organic matter, surface stoniness, and texture) and soil variability (how much acid or basic is the soil, i.e., pH level, and level of electric conductivity-EC) limit adoption with the final goal to design better policies to crop productivity. Differences in the perception of soil characteristics and variability between farmers and agricultural specialists, may result in situations where technological packages arrive at farms that are not likely to adopt or do not arrive at farmers that are likely to adopt. This paper studies differences in perception of soil characteristics and soil variability between agricultural specialists and farmers. Smallholder farmers in Central America producing beans were found to have different perceptions of soil characteristics relative to agricultural specialists. In addition, soil variability was considerable. As a result, it is concluded that soil perception and soil variability are likely causes of low adoption rates. Reducing the information gap with respect to the real needs of farmers will make policies more effective, resulting in higher adoption rates of new technologies and increased productivity.

PurposeOver the last 50 years, increased attention for personalization paved the way for one-to-one marketing efforts, but firms struggle to deliver on this promise. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a complete picture on personalization, develop a future research agenda and put forth concrete advice on how to move the field forward from a theoretical, methodological, contextual, and practical viewpoint.Design/methodology/approachThis research follows a systematic literature review process, providing an in-depth analysis of 135 articles (covering 184 studies) to distill the (1) key building blocks and components of personalization and (2) theoretical, contextual, and methodological aspects of the studies.FindingsThis manuscript uncovers six personalization components that can be linked to two personalization building blocks: (1) learning: manner, transparency, and timing and (2) tailoring: touchpoints, level, and dynamics. For each of these components, the authors propose future research avenues to stimulate personalization research that accounts for challenges in today's data-rich environments (e.g. data privacy, dealing with new data types). A theoretical, contextual, and methodological (i.e. industry, country and personalization object) review of the selected studies leads to a set of concrete recommendations for future work: account for heterogeneity, embed theoretical perspectives, infuse methodological innovation, adopt appropriate evaluation metrics, and deal with legal/ethical challenges in data-rich environments. Finally, several managerial implications are put forth to support practitioners in their personalization efforts.Originality/valueThis research provides an integration of personalization research beyond existing and outdated review papers. Doing so, it accounts for the impact of new technologies and Artificial Intelligence and aims to advance the next generation of knowledge development on personalization.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe migrant family caregivers' experiences and perceptions of caring for a family member with dementia. BACKGROUND: There are demographic trends of aging populations and increased migration between countries. Age-associated diseases, such as dementia, are expected to increase, with migrants being at significantly increased risk. Knowledge of how dementia care is provided within migrant families is scarce. DESIGN: Systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative research were performed to inform the development of interventions that can acknowledge and respond to the needs, concerns and preferences of migrant family caregivers. METHODS: Searches were performed in PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL and reference lists in published articles were reviewed for the period 2000-October 2020. The CASP checklist for qualitative research was used to assess evidence quality, and the ENTREQ framework was used as a guide for study reporting. RESULTS: Twenty-six articles from 10 Western countries, including 360 informal migrant caregivers from more than 30 countries of origin, were eligible. Within four areas of construct-perceptions of dementia and initial help-seeking; barriers to accessing and using formal dementia care; caregiver burden and coping and resilience-12 descriptive themes were identified. Several concepts cut across the themes, such as language difficulties; the role of the family in relation to care and support; cultural perceptions of dementia and care; stigma, pride and shame; the importance of religion and the importance of trust. CONCLUSIONS: The review revealed commonalities among migrant family caregivers that resulted in reduced understanding of dementia and the importance of diagnosis and treatment. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: To prevent a negative trajectory in caregiving, with perceived demands causing high levels of stress and strain, several barriers to migrants accessing and using formal care need to be assessed and addressed.

According to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), every child has a right to practise sports in a healthy, safe environment (art. 19). However, research indicates that child athletes experience various forms of violence in sports. Violence is particularly harmful to children, as the effects may be significant and long lasting. In addition, children often have difficulty identifying and reacting to violence. In this article, we first aim to shed light on the prevalence and implications of violence towards child athletes in sports. By child athletes, we mean athletes under the age of 18 (CRC art. 1). Thereafter, we discuss the following questions: (1) How does the CRC protect children in sports? (2) Can children’s rights be effectively protected through sports self-regulation of sports bodies and legal remedies? (3) Who is responsible for safeguarding children’s rights in sports? To answer these questions, we employ a multidisciplinary perspective that combines jurisprudence and sport psychology. In summary, we conclude that the CRC unequivocally prohibits all violence against children in all sectors of society, including sports. The responsibility for enforcing this prohibition lies with both member states and sports bodies. It is always the responsibility of adults. The full realisation of children’s rights requires action on multiple fronts, including legislation, information, education and resources.

Smartphones present many interesting opportunities for survey research, particularly through the use of mobile data collection applications (apps). There is still much to learn, however, about how to integrate apps in general population surveys. Recent studies investigating hypothetical willingness to complete mobile data collection tasks via an app suggest there may be substantial resistance, in particular, due to concerns around data privacy. There is not much evidence about how privacy concerns influence actual decisions to participate in app-based surveys. Theoretical approaches to understanding privacy concerns and survey participation decisions would suggest that the influence of the former over the latter is likely to vary situationally. In this paper, we present results from a methodological experiment conducted in the context of a three-wave probability-based online panel survey of the general population as part of the 2019 Swiss Election Study (“Selects”) testing different ways of recruiting participants to an app. Questions included at wave 1 about online data privacy concerns and comfort sharing different types of data with academic researchers allow us to assess their impact on both hypothetical willingness to download a survey app for completing questionnaires, to take and share photos, and to share the smartphone’s GPS location and actual completion of these tasks. Our findings confirm that general concerns about online data privacy do influence hypothetical willingness to complete mobile data collection tasks, but may be overridden by how comfortable people feel about sharing specific types of data with researchers. When it comes to actual compliance with task requests, however, neither privacy concerns nor comfort sharing data seem to matter. We conclude with recommendations for exploring these relationships further in future app-based studies.

This research explores the impact that gender and age have on motivations, experiences, and perceptions regarding the use of Tinder. Based on an inductive analysis of 37 semi-structured interviews with heterosexual Tinder users, we specifically examine gender and age differences in motivations, match selection, and communication management on this mobile dating app. The findings show that age differences have a more significant effect on motivations than gender differences do, whereby older adults use the app to find a stable partner, and young adults use it for sex. Women are more selective when picking matches than men, and when they make these selections, they pay special attention to male attributes that are typically associated with maintaining stable relationships. In contrast, men tend to focus almost exclusively on physical appearance. Between the match and the first date, users need to deal with a considerable volume of communication, which involves the use of different communication media in a series of consecutive stages, toward which matches normatively orient themselves. This transition to new media and stages, in which men tend to take the initiative and women assume the sanctioning role, marks a kind of incremental passage to intimacy. We conclude that, in their courting conduct, Tinder users perform conventional gender scripts that are typical of the heteronormative model of intimate relationships. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under Grant PGC2018-101682-B-I00; and Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya under Grant 2017SGR53.

In 2020, video conferencing went from a novelty to a necessity, and its usage skyrocketed due to shelter-in-place throughout the world. However, there is a scarcity of academic research on the psychological effects and mechanisms of video conferencing, and scholars need tools to understand this drastically scaled usage. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand EFL teachers' expectations and needs for video conferencing tools. Five hundred seventy-eight English as a foreign language education teachers who live in Turkey participated in this study. Mixed-methods research was used to analyze the survey results. The findings of this study can be used to guide the selection of appropriate videoconferencing systems for educational purposes. They also provide information on how to investigate teaching methods and pedagogies for online education. This study also includes a series of suggestions for how to improve videoconferencing tools.

The presidency of Donald Trump represented an unprecedented low point in transatlantic relations. When Joe Biden took power in early 2021, his administration launched several policy initiatives suggesting that the new administration would continue to allow the seemingly long-term weakening of the transatlantic relationship to continue. A significant part of the literature on recent developments in transatlantic relations points in the same direction, namely that a weakening of the cooperation across the Atlantic has taken place. This article proposes an alternative view, arguing that the relationship has strengthened in recent years despite Donald Trump and his erratic policy. The article applies a theoretical framework combining international as well as domestic variables. Based on an analysis of four cases—NATO, the US pivot to Asia, the sanctions policy towards Russia, and the Afghanistan debacle—it is concluded that the transatlantic relationship is strong.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las percepciones que tienen los docentes de secundaria sobre la implementación de la política pública de convivencia escolar en Colombia, bajo la Ley 1620 de 2013. Se aplicó un estudio cuantitativo donde se diseñó, validó y aplicó un cuestionario a 50 maestros de 4 escuelas secundarias oficiales y 2 no oficiales para los grados 9, 10 y 11, en la ciudad de Tunja, departamento de Boyacá en Colombia. La Implementación Institucional de la Política Pública de Convivencia Escolar en las escuelas secundarias mostró que los docentes tienen una media de 1.86 y una desviación estándar de .756, así como también se encontraron diferencias significativas relacionadas con la edad (X² = 22.362 p = .008 < .05). Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que, desde la percepción de los docentes, la implementación institucional de la Política de Convivencia de las Escuelas Públicas ha sido efectiva. Abstract This article has as an objective analyze the perceptions that secondary school teachers have about the implementation of the public policy of school coexistence in Colombia, under the Law 1620 of 2013. It was applied a quantitative study where a questionnaire was designed, validated and applied to 50 teachers from 4 official and 2 unofficial secondary schools for grades 9, 10 and 11, in the city of Tunja, Boyacá department in Colombia. The Institutional Implementation of the Public Policy of School Coexistence in the secondary schools shown that teachers have a mean of 1.86 and a standard deviation of .756, as well as there were found significant differences related to age (χ² = 22.362 p = .008 < .05). Therefore, it could be concluded that from the teachers’ perception the institutional implementation of the Public School Coexistence Policy has been effective.

The life expectancy of the world population is increasing and the art of aging well is of global interest (European Commission, n.d.). In Ireland, the number of people over the age of 60 will increase from 1.1 million currently, to 2.44 million by 2041, constituting nearly one third of its total population (Institute of Public Health, 2018). Despite the benefits of regular physical activity (pa), particularly with the frail (≥65 years and requiring a walking aid), rates of participation remain low (Colley et al., 2011). Health concerns raised, such as smoking and weight issues, are more prevalent in this cohort (Witcher et al., 2016). Currently, when they reach a certain age, pa is not seen as beneficial and older adults refrain from participating in pa (Witcher et al., 2016), particularly post-retirement (Chaudhury and Shelton, 2010). Education of the older population concerning the benefits of pa is critical, and pa perceptions and behaviours must be examined both contextually and historically (Witcher et al., 2016) to provide greater clarity and understanding. In order to develop a more comprehensive, inclusive policy for active ageing in Ireland, particularly rural Ireland, we need to reflect on the research to date. This conceptual paper develops a framework of meaning-making to active leisure, focusing on perceptions and motivations of a rural based population. It also examines the impact of being physically active on participating in tourism in this population and how Ireland is targeting this growing older market for various forms of tourism activity. An unhealthy population brings a financial burden to the country. Encouraging a healthier lifestyle which includes more meaningful active leisure, facilitating an engagement with tourism, is required to enable this cohort to age healthily and well and thus reduce the cost associated with an ageing population.

While previous socio-ecological systems research has shown relationships between local knowledge and the assignment of landscape values, the relationships between value assignment and more nuanced forms of local knowledge remain less understood. This study makes use of public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS), a method for identifying and mapping landscape attributes important to local communities. We use this method to assess the spatial associations between three landscape attributes often overlooked in the PPGIS literature: landscape values, self-reported knowledge about different types of landscape management practices and land-use types. We analyzed responses from residents of Mjölby kommun, Sweden (n = 301) using Monte Carlo simulations and density-based clustering. Overall, we found stronger spatial associations between landscape values and land-use types compared with landscape values and self-reported knowledge about landscape management. For example, significant positive associations were found between aesthetic and recreation values and certain land-use types, but there was no association between these values and self-reported knowledge. The land-use type to which a landscape value is assigned is sometimes supported by self-reported knowledge (especially for underrepresented landscape values), while self-reported knowledge did not provide a conclusive pattern about value assignment on its own. We discuss the implications of using PPGIS in integrated landscape management for building multifunctionality in landscape management by addressing the values of different land-use stakeholders, and the potential benefits of increased inclusivity in forms of local knowledge.

Parents are known to provide a lasting basis for their children's social development. Understanding parent-driven socialization is particularly relevant in adolescence, as an increasing social independence is developed. However, the relationship between key parenting styles of care and control and the microlevel expression of daily-life social interactions has been insufficiently studied. Adolescent and young adult twins and their nontwin siblings (N = 635; mean age = 16.6; age range = 14.2-21.9; 58.6% female; 79.5% in or having completed higher secondary/tertiary education; 2.8% speaking language other than Dutch at home) completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) on parental care and control. Participants also completed a 6-day experience sampling period (10 daily beeps, mean compliance = 68.0%) to assess daily-life social interactions. Higher overall parental bonding quality (of both parents) related to more positive social experiences in daily life (e.g., belonging in company), but not to more social behaviors (e.g., being with others). Factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure of the PBI, with care, denial of psychological autonomy, and encouragement of behavioral freedom. Paternal care was uniquely predictive of better social experiences. These findings demonstrate how parenting styles may be uniquely associated with how adolescents experience their social world, with a potentially important role for fathers in particular. This complements the long-held idea of socialization through parenting by bringing it into the context of daily life and implies how both conceptualizations of social functioning and interventions aimed at alleviating social dysfunction might benefit from a stronger consideration of day-to-day social experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). ispartof: DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY vol:58 issue:4 pages:792-805 ispartof: location:United States status: published

This paper has the intention of presenting, justifying, evaluating, and providing reflections about the work done by a group of teachers at UPSE-EP English Modules together with two experienced teachers in ESL teaching for high school sections, and with a teacher from an external university who provided an objective perspective towards the problem started. One specific higher education class was the subject of study. It was a group of students from a master’s program. The intention of this work is to evidence changes in students’ attitudes and perceptions towards ESL testing, and it will provide information related to the teacher’s perceptions about the benefits and the impact of assessment during the preparation course.

Quipper School is an online learning platform which consists of two portals, namely Learn for students and Link for teachers This research aimed to investigates the students‟ perception on the advantages and disadvantages of Quipper School platform in learning English. This research was conducted at SMAN 3 Mandau, and the sample was 52 students of the eleventh grade. This research used quantitative research, and the instrument is questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 20 questions, divided into 10 questions of the advantages and 10 questions of the disadvantages. The results of this study were processed quantitatively using the Likert scale formula. The finding revealed the index advantages of 1st statement to the 10th statement were about between 60%-75%. The result indicates that students completely agree with the 10 questions of the advantages of Quipper School‟s. Equally important, the researcher also found that the students were dominant disagree with the 9 questions and were agree of 1 question of disadvantages of Quipper School‟s with the index 52%-61%. In conclusion, the students of SMAN 3 Mandau dominant disagree with the disadvantages of Quipper School and they assumed that Quipper School is an online learning platform that suitable for teachers and students in the learning process, especially in learning English.

Discussion is more convincing than standard, unidirectional messaging, but its interactive nature makes it difficult to scale up. We created a chatbot to emulate the most important traits of discussion. A simple argument pointing out the existence of a scientific consensus on the safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) already led to more positive attitudes towards GMOs, compared with a control message. Providing participants with good arguments rebutting the most common counterarguments against GMOs led to much more positive attitudes towards GMOs, whether the participants could immediately see all the arguments or could select the most relevant arguments in a chatbot. Participants holding the most negative attitudes displayed more attitude change in favour of GMOs. Participants updated their beliefs when presented with good arguments, but we found no evidence that an interactive chatbot proves more persuasive than a list of arguments and counterarguments.

We propose to consider semi-natural habitats—hotspots for biodiversity—being caught in a socio-ecological extinction vortex, similar to the phenomenon described for species threatened with extinction. These habitats are essentially socioecological systems, in which socioeconomic drivers are interlinked with ecological processes. We identify four highly interlinked and mutually reinforcing socio-economic processes, pertaining to the importance of semi-natural habitats for (i) agricultural production, (ii) policy, research and development; (iii) vocational education in the fields of agricultural sciences and (iv) public’s experiences with semi-natural habitats. Evidence from six countries in the boreal region demonstrates that recent slowing down or even reversal of two processes are insufficient to stop the extinction vortex phenomenon. We suggest research directions to ascertain the phenomenon, monitor its development and develop proactive actions to weaken the vortex. It is highly plausible that interventions directed at most, if not all, of the key vortex processes are needed to reverse the overall deteriorating trends of a socio-ecological system.

–Learning English as a foreign language (EFL) and computer technology are two fundamental skills for learners majoring computer science and control engineering not only for the use in academic fields but also for the means of communication worldwide. Among language skills, speaking is a core output element that all learners wish to achieve. This research looked into TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge) model with an aim to de-sign an online English speaking course for non-English majored learners using VoiceThread as an instrument. Twelve Japanese students participated in the study over 12 weeks. The researcher used internal-service speaking criteria and a self-designed course satisfaction questionnaire based on TPACK model dimensions to collect quantitative data analyzed by R-studio software. Qualitative data were collected and analyzed by content analysis from interviews. The results of this study were discussed in terms of the learners’ progress as well as their satisfaction and the perceptions about using VoiceThread via Zoom and Google Classroom online learning platforms. The TPACK model suggested an effective teaching approach for teachers that can enhance non-native learners’ English speaking performance

Cable cars are a viable alternative to improve citizens’ accessibility in zones with limitations on urban public transport supply due to the topography. In Latin America, such systems have recently been implemented in zones with high levels of poverty and vulnerability. Although the social implications of their implementation are relevant, individual expectations of these systems and how current changes in travel conditions and quality of life are perceived have not been widely reported in the literature. This paper aims to evaluate users’ expectations and perceptions of a new cable car in the southern periphery of Bogotá (Colombia). We conducted a panel survey before (n = 341) and after (n = 301) the cable car started operations to evaluate the ranking of preferences toward a set of possible benefits of the project. We estimated discrete choice models to analyze the statistical differences between the expectations and perceptions before and after changes. Results suggest that travel time reductions, comfort improvements, and in-vehicle security are the benefits most valued by the users. Even though the project meets expectations of these aspects, it seems to fall short in expectations of reductions of pollution. Individuals’ experience with the cable car shapes their perceptions of the system. We found that perceptions differ between those who have used the service at least once and those who never did. Policy implications derived from this study might be of interest to decision-makers seeking to guarantee the public acceptability of urban projects.

The purpose of this study was to obtain information on understanding of early childhood education in coastal communities in the Buton Islands. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The subjects in this study were teachers, and parents in the coastal district of Buton. Based on the results of the study, the coastal communities in the Buton Islands do not yet fully have knowledge about the nature of early childhood development. Based on the results of the study showed that parents could not distinguish between ECE and Kindergarten. Kindergarten in not part of ECE and so that in learning process, parents emphasis on academic achievement without providing the the character building. Parents only focus on on reading and writing without paying attention to aspects of moral and religious values, physical, motor, social, emotional. In the aspect of the role of involvement, it shows the lack of role as parents of students to be involved in the implementation of early childhood education including parenting program activities, volunteers, communication, collaboration and learning at home. Lack of understanding of coastal parents in Buton Islands towards the implementation of early childhood education, it is necessary for schools to involve families in educational programs in order to gain enlightenment and knowledge about early childhood education.

Children with disabilities (CWD) tend to participate in fewer physical activities than typically developing children. During motor play, CWD often depend on teachers to provide direct instruction and frequent opportunities to practice motor skills, to interact with their peers, and learn new skills. To promote participation in physical activities for CWD, it is necessary to understand (a) teachers' perceptions about the importance of structured motor programs and (b) teachers' thoughts and concerns about implementing structured motor programs. The aim of this study was to understand teachers' perceptions about structured motor programs (e.g., obstacle course, bowling) and factors that may influence their motivation to implement them. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 teachers who taught in inclusive preschools. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed to identify key themes. The results show that the majority of participants valued structured motor programs and were aware of the benefits of implementing such programs with preschoolers. Several teachers expressed concerns about meeting the expectations of a motor program and preschoolers' challenging behaviors during such programs. Implications for practice from this study include the need to (a) provide professional development to help teachers support preschoolers with disabilities in learning motor skills and understanding how to arrange and scaffold opportunities for children to participate in physical activities and gross motor play with their typically developing peers, and (b) create quality structured motor programs to ensure that all children have access to motor learning opportunities in inclusive preschool settings.

This article reports the findings of a qualitative interpretive research study that explored the social representations children have about the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language in elementary schools in Medellín, Colombia. Sixty children in first, third, and fifth grades of public and private schools participated in the study. Techniques such as drawings, pretend play, conversations, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Three analogies summarize children’s perceptions in this study: learning as “echo,” teaching as a power instrument, and English as a tool to “survive” or to “live and interact with others.” Finally, a reflection and some implications for the teaching of English to children are presented.

Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie, Adeladlew Kassie Netere Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie Tel +251918290894Email ashukib02@yahoo.com; Ashenafi.kibret@uog.edu.etIntroduction: Community pharmacy professionals are among the initial healthcare providers and could play crucial roles in preventing and managing cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to assess perceptions and involvements of community pharmacy professionals in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disorders in Gondar city and nearby rural towns, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A multi-centered cross-sectional survey was conducted on community pharmacy professionals in Gondar city and the nearby rural towns from June to July 2021. Independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to show mean score differences of pharmacists towards the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. A 95% confidence interval with a P-value of < 0.05 in the tests was considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 223 initial samples, 210 completed the survey and resulted in a 94.2% response rate. The average perception and involvement scores of the community pharmacy professionals towards the prevention and treatment of the cardiovascular syndromes were 4.1 and 3.8, respectively. Numerous professionals (> 86%) agreed on weight reductions, alcohol consumption restrictions and physical exercises to decrease cardiovascular risks. Pharmacy professionals recruited from Gondar city had significantly higher mean scores compared with pharmacy professionals involved from rural towns (P < 0.001). A significant difference in mean involvement score was also noted in regarding the numbers of clients serving/day (P = 0.026).Conclusion: Community pharmacy professionals had good perceptions on prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. However, their level of involvement in measuring weight, blood pressure and glucose level, dispensing equipment for home blood pressure and glucose monitoring and keeping records of patients needs to be encouraged. Professionals might benefit from enhanced training to increase their knowledge and confidence.Keywords: cardiovascular disease, community pharmacists, involvements, perceptions, Ethiopia

This study examined the plagiarism rates of student teachers (hereafter students) during the distance education process and investigated the reasons for plagiarising. Qualitative dominant sequential exploratory design was used. The sample consisted of students studying at two different universities in Turkey. The study group was determined in two stages as a quantitative sample and a qualitative participant group. To select the quantitative sample, the maximum diversity sampling was used, while the criterion sampling method was utilized for the qualitative participant group. The data were collected in two stages as quantitative and qualitative in accordance with the nature of the mixed-methods research. In the first stage, the assignments prepared by students were included in the plagiarism program and their similarity rates were determined. All assignments were coded according to the names of the students who prepared them. Then, the assignments with the highest and lowest rate of plagiarism were identified. In the next stage, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with the students who prepared the aforementioned assignments. The interview questions were prepared to obtain in-depth information about why they plagiarized or did not plagiarize. Content analysis was applied to analyse the data, and meaningful findings were found. The findings were collected under five headings. According to the results, those with high plagiarism stated their reasons for plagiarism as their economic and social conditions were not suitable for research. On the other hand, those with low plagiarism considered plagiarism as an action such as stealing and being unfair. © 2022, Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education. All rights reserved.

Співробітники адміністративних офісів проводять багато часу в обмеженому робочому місці, оскільки вони наполегливо працюють, щоб забезпечити важливу підтримку, необхідну для загальної продуктивності їхніх організацій. У результаті їхні організації, будь то приватні чи державні, мають надавати пріоритет їхньому комфорту. У цій статті було досліджено сприйняття адміністративними працівниками комфорту фізичного середовища їхніх офісів у державному університеті. Різні аспекти їхнього фізичного середовища, такі як меблі, шум, температура в офісі, освітлення та простір, досліджувалися як змінні, що впливають на їх продуктивність. Систематизація літературних джерел для вирішення проблеми організації комфортного фізичного середовища в приватних організаціях довела значну залежність продуктивності праці працівників від фізичного середовища, в якому вони виконують свої обов'язки. Однак існує дефіцит досліджень, які проводяться в громадських організаціях, особливо в секторі вищої освіти. Методологічним інструментом дослідження був метод кількісного аналізу, в якому за допомогою анкети було зібрано дані від 81 адміністративного персоналу державного університету з кількома кампусами в Південній Африці. Результати показали, що багато респондентів загалом сприймали комфортне фізичне середовище, необхідне для підвищення продуктивності. Однак вони не завжди відповідали їх уявленням про те, що відбувалося в їхніх офісах. Наприклад, 63% респондентів вважають зручні меблі критично важливими для виконання своїх обов'язків. Тим не менш, лише 55% респондентів погодилися, що їхні університетські меблі зручні, 24% не погодилися, а 21% зайняли нейтральну позицію. Розкол у сприйнятті вимагає від університету звернути увагу на слабкі місця та нерівність у забезпеченні ресурсами фізичного середовища. Майбутнє дослідження може вивчити, чиї офіси комфортніші за інші в університетському контексті. Крім того, перспективним напрямком майбутніх досліджень має стати узгодження уявлень співробітників про комфортність фізичного середовища в офісах з результатами спостережень. Це збагатить отримані результати. Administrative office employees spend much time confined in their workspaces as they work hard to provide the critical support required for the overall performance of their organizations. As a result, their comfort should be given priority by their organizations, be it private or public. This article investigated the administrative employees’ perceptions of their offices’ physical environment comfort in a public university. Different aspects of their physical environment, such as furniture, noise, office temperature, lighting and space, were examined as variables influencing their performance. The systematization of literary sources for solving the problem of arranging a comfortable physical environment in private organizations proved a significant dependence of the productivity of employees on the physical environment in which they perform their duties. However, there is the scarcity of research conducted in a public organization, especially in the higher education sector. The methodological tool of the research was the method of quantitative analysis, in which a questionnaire was used to collect data from 81 administrative staff of a public university with several campuses in South Africa. The findings indicated that many respondents generally perceived a comfortable physical environment necessary to increase performance. These were, however, not always matched by their perceptions of what transpired at their offices. For instance, 63% of respondents viewed comfortable furniture as critical for the performance of their duties. Nevertheless, only 55% of respondents agreed that their university furniture was comfortable, with 24% disagreeing and 21% taking a neutral stance. The split in perceptions makes it imperative for the university to attend to areas of weakness and inequality in providing physical environment resources. A future study could examine whose offices are more comfortable than others in university contexts. In addition, a promising direction of future research should be the reconciliation of employees’ perception of the comfort of the physical environment in offices with the results of observations. This will enrich the obtained results.

This report presents results from a survey with first-line practitioners working in areas related to migration. The survey was available in 10 languages (Albanian, Arabic, Bulgarian, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Spanish) and was open between the 2nd of March and the 19th of April, 2022. The survey aimed to investigate practitioners’ assessments of best practices in migration-related work. More specifically, practitioners were asked to share their attitudes toward potential strategies for addressing the issue of misinformation amongst migrants and criteria through which to assess the success of potential best practices, as well as their evaluations of existing Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools in migration-related work. The survey received 755 valid responses, with a large number of responses from female, European practitioners working in support services.

Lebanon is one of the Mediterranean countries that are devastated by economic crisis. Knowing that generic medications are less costly when compared to brands, it is crucial to assess patients’ understanding and views regarding these medications. A 25-item self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to a total of 421 participants. The questionnaire appraised participants’ knowledge and perceptions about generics versus brand medications, in addition to their perceptions and attitudes towards generic substitution. Most respondents agreed that generics are not inferior to their brand equivalents in terms of quality, efficacy and safety (66%, 68.9%, and 66.7%, respectively). On the other hand, 79.4% (n=334) accepted generic substitution for minor ailment medications, whereas, only 56.1% (n=236) accepted this substitution for their chronic medications. As a conclusion, the uncertainty about the use of generic medications, particularly those treating chronic illness is still an obstacle to overcome.

In this study, we investigated whether the relationship between pitch and politeness is mediated through iconic relationships between pitch and other talker attributes, and whether these relationships can differ across languages. US and South Korean listeners completed a speaker perception task in which they heard utterances and rated the speaker on a number of attributes, including politeness. The pitch of each utterance was unmanipulated, raised, or lowered. The results confirm previous work suggesting that in Korean, lower pitch is associated with politeness, which contrasts with both the English results we find, and claims of a universal association between higher pitch and politeness (i.e., Ohala's Frequency Code). At the same time, the impact of pitch on attributes like perceived height, strength, and emotion are similar across listener groups: Speakers in higher pitched guises are heard as shorter, weaker, and more emotional. Like others, we argue that pitch can be associated, non-arbitrarily, with a range of meanings, but additionally appeal to orders of indexicality (Silverstein, 2003) to account for the similarities between the groups, as well as the differences. Our results are of significance for researchers looking at non-arbitrary meaning of acoustic cues as well as the acoustics of politeness, especially in interaction with polite registers in Korean. Published version