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El número cada vez mayor de personas que se ven inmersas en un procedimiento penal en España sin conocer la lengua en que este se desarrolla hace que la interpretación sea un servicio con una demanda en constante aumento en la jurisdicción penal española. La provisión de una interpretación de calidad se vuelve un elemento imprescindible en la salvaguarda de derechos procesales fundamentales de las personas inmersas en un procedimiento que desconocen la lengua en que este se conduce. Dicha importancia se incrementa en aquellos casos en los que el procedimiento se desarrolla con mayor celeridad, como los que suceden en el seno de los juzgados de guardia. Así, los operadores judiciales desempeñan un papel fundamental a la hora de garantizar que todo inculpado alófono cuente con los mismos derechos que uno que sí entiende la lengua en que se conduce el procedimiento. A continuación, se presentan los resultados de un estudio empírico exploratorio sobre las percepciones de los jueces de guardia sobre la provisión del servicio de interpretación en los juzgados de guardia de la ciudad de Sevilla, a través de entrevistas estructuradas abiertas a seis titulares de estos juzgados. No obstante, tal como se desprende de los resultados del presente estudio, los agentes judiciales no suelen conocer las funciones que debe desempeñar el intérprete ni consideran necesaria una formación al respecto, poniendo en entredicho la salvaguarda de las garantías procesales de los implicados alófonos. The ever-increasing number of people who become involved in criminal proceedings and do not know the language of the proceedings makes interpreting a service in ever-increasing demand in Spanish criminal courts. Providing quality interpreting has come to be an essential element in the safeguard of the fundamental procedural rights of those who become involved in criminal proceedings and speak a language other than theone used by the court. Such importance becomes more relevant in those scenarios in which proceedings demand more speed, as the ones carriedoutin Spanish on-duty investigating courts. Therefore, the judiciaryplaysa pivotal role in ensuring that the accused persons who do not sharethe language of the court proceedings have the same rights as those who speak that language. Nonetheless, as shown in the results of this essay, judges are usually unfamiliar with the functions the interpreters must undertake and reluctant to receive some training on the subject. This paper presentsthe results of an empirical exploratory study on the perceptions of on-duty investigating judges in the city of Seville, in which six judges replied a semi-structured interview.

Organizāciju un menedžmenta socioloģija Socioloģija, politoloģija un antropoloģija Sociology of Organisations and Management Sociology, Politics and Anthropology Darba autores Alīnas Ratņikas bakalaura darbs “Sabiedrības viedokļi par patversmes mājdzīvnieku adopciju”. Tēma ir aktuāla ar to, ka liels skaits dzīvnieku cilvēku bezatbildības rezultātā turpina nonākt patversmēs. Otrkārt, tos izmanto peļņai, nodarbojoties ar nelegālu dzīvnieku pavairošanu un pārdošanu. Treškārt, Covid – 19 pandēmijas laikā cilvēki sāka vairāk iegādāties mājdzīvniekus no patversmēm, audzētavām, lai piepildītu brīvo laiku. Pēc pandēmijas beigām liels skaits dzīvnieku – gan šķirnes, gan bezšķirnes – nonāca patversmēs, jo saimnieki saprata, ka līdz ar darba atsākšanu, nebūs laika rūpēties par mājdzīvnieku. Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot Latvijas iedzīvotāju un patversmes darbinieku viedokļus un pieredzi par patversmes mājdzīvnieku adopciju. Pētījums tika veikts saskaņā ar diviem pētnieciskajiem jautājumiem – 1) Kādi ir Latvijas iedzīvotāju viedokļi par patversmes mājdzīvnieku adopciju? 2)Kāda ir patversmju darbinieku pieredze un viedokļi par patversmju mājdzīvnieku adopciju? Autores darbā tika izmantotas zinātniskās pētījuma metodes – 1) kvantitatīvā datu ieguves metode – interneta aptauja; 2) kvalitatīvā datu ieguves metode – padziļinātās intervijas. Darba ietvaros tika pielietota aprakstošā metode. Interneta aptaujas anketu izpildē piedalījās 383 respondenti, tika veiktas 5 padziļinātās intervijas ar dažādu dzīvnieku patversmju darbiniekiem. Bakalaura darbs ietver divas galvenās daļas – teorijas un pētījuma daļu. Teorijas daļas sākumā tiek apskatīts sociālās kustības jēdziens, skaidrota vēsture un dažādi kustību veidi. Tālāk seko ieskats, kā mūsdienās sociālās kustības ir saistītas ar dzīvnieku aizsardzības jomu, kā tiek analizēti mājdzīvnieku turēšanas un adoptēšanas regulējošie normatīvie akti. Teorijas pēdējā nodaļā tiek raksturota patversmju darbība un attīstība, sīkāk aprakstīti patversmju vēstures pirmsākumi, patversmes “Ulubele” adoptēšanas dati un dzīvnieku adoptēšanas nosacījumi, kā arī salīdzināti ārzemēs veiktie pētījumi. Pētījuma daļā tiek aprakstīta pētījuma metodoloģija – izmantotās metodes, izlase, apkopoti un analizēti pētījumā iegūtie rezultāti par patversmes darbinieku pieredzi un viņu viedokļi par mājdzīvnieku adopciju. Tika secināts, ka sabiedrības daļa, kurai ir mājdzīvnieki, dzīvnieku patversmju darbu un adoptēšanu vērtē pozitīvi, taču uzskata, ka būtu nepieciešams uzlabot likumdošanu, jo ir daudz neatrisinātu problēmu. Patversmes darbinieki uzskata, ka tik daudz dzīvnieku nonāk patversmēs, jo cilvēki pret tiem izturas bezatbildīgi un akcentē to, ka būtu jāveic pārmaiņas likumdošanā. Darbs apjoms sastāv no 50 lappuses, 22 attēliem, 1 tabulas, 3 pielikumiem un 36 informācijas avotiem. The bachelor's thesis "Society's opinions on the adoption of shelter pets" by Alina Ratnika. The topic is relevant, most of all because many pets continue to end up in shelters due to the irresponsibility of human beings. Furthermore, they are being used for profit by illegally breeding and selling animals. During the Covid-19 pandemic, people are starting to buy more and more pets from shelters and kennels to fill their free time. However, after the end of the pandemic many pets end up in shelters -both breeds and non-breeds. Because the owners realized that with the resumption of working daily, they would not have time to take care of pets. The aim of the research is to find out the opinion and experience of Latvian residents and shelter workers regarding the adoption of shelter animals. This research was based on two topical research questions of the work - 1) What are the opinions of Latvian residents about the adoption of shelter animals? 2) What is the experience and opinion of shelter workers regarding the adoption of shelter animals? In this work author use such scientific research methods as the quantitative data collection method, internet survey, qualitative data collection method and in-depth interviews. Only the descriptive method is applied of the work. 383 respondents took part in the online survey questionnaires and 5 in-depth interviews were conducted with employees of various animal shelters. The bachelor's thesis includes two main parts - the theory part and the research part. At the beginning of the theory part is discussed the concept of social movement, clarifying history and different types of movements. Following an insight into today’s social movements and how it is related on animal protection, as well analysing regulations for keeping and adopting pets. In the last chapter the author of the work describes the operation and development of shelters, where she examines in detail the beginning of the shelter’s history, the adoption data of the shelter "Ulubele" and the conditions for adopting animals, as well as compares the studies conducted abroad. The research part describes the methodology of the research – used methods, sampling, and summarizing and analysing the obtained results about the experience of the shelter workers and their opinions about the adoption of shelter pets. It was concluded that the part of society which have pets, evaluates positively the work of animal shelters and adoption. But believes that it would be necessary to improve the legislation, as there are many unresolved problems. Shelter workers believe that so many pets end up in shelters because people treat animals irresponsibly. It also emphasizes that drastic changes should be made in the field of legislation. The work consists of 50 pages, 22 images, 1 table, 3 attachments, and 36 sources of information.

This registration details the protocol of a scoping review that presents a thematic dissemination of qualitative literature about perinatal care experiences of minority women. Data that document both the patient and provider perspective are included.

This project seeks to examine attitudes toward transracial adoption (TRA), which can be defined as "The practice of placing children with adoptive parents of a different race than their own” (Goss, 2012, p. 12). To examine these attitudes, I will conduct an experimental study which will utilize both explicit measures (direct, self-report questionnaires) and implicit measures, including the Implicit Association Task (IAT), which rely on response-time latencies. The IAT will include two between-subjects conditions where respondents will be shown pictures of all-White families and transracial families with White parents who have adopted a Black child in the first condition, and all-White families as well as transracial families with White parents who have adopted an Asian child in the second condition. Explicit measures will include a Liking task, the Attitudes Toward Adoption questionnaire (Whatley, 2008), a questionnaire on attitudes toward race matching in adoption (Kirton, 1998; 1999), Gorsuch & McPherson’s (1989) Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religiosity Measurement: I/E-Revised and Single-Item Scales, Baston’s (1991) 12-item Quest Religious Orientation Scale (Revised Version), and finally, a demographics questionnaire.

This study aims to investigate the impact of digital social information on opinion formation. Online social environments are a new way of experiencing social interactions, and how these forms of social interactions influence the formation of opinions about the world is currently a hot topic of investigation. For example, understanding how people’s opinions about world events and facts are influenced by online social cues such as user-generated comments on social media is a concrete and pressing issue. In this study, participants express their opinion about news headlines on controversial contemporary topics posted on social media before and after reading comments written by other users. We expect (1) that participants will be influenced by these comments and (2) that this influence will be modulated by their prior opinion about the topic itself. We will specifically test whether people update their opinion in a Bayesian fashion.

Italy was the first country in Europe to make vaccination against COVID-19 mandatory for healthcare professionals by imposing restrictions in cases of non-compliance. This study investigates the opinions of the Italian healthcare professionals' categories affected by the regulation. We performed a qualitative online survey: the questionnaire comprised both close- and open-ended questions. The final dataset included n = 4,677 valid responses. Responses to closed-ended questions were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The framework method was applied for analyzing the open-ended questions. The sample spanned all health professions subject to compulsory vaccination, with a prevalence of physicians (43.8%) and nurses (26.3%). The vaccine adhesion before the introduction of the obligation was substantial. 10.4% declared not to have adhered to the vaccination proposal. Thirty-five percent of HPs who opted not to get vaccinated said they experienced consequences related to their choice. The trust in the vaccine seems slightly cracked, demonstrating overall vaccine confidence among professionals. Nonetheless, our results show that whether (or not) professionals adhere to vaccination is not a reliable indicator of consent to how it was achieved. There are criticisms about the lawfulness of the obligation. The data show a great variety of participants interpreting their roles concerning public and individual ethics. The scientific evidence motivates ethics-related decisions—the epidemic of confusing and incorrect information affected professionals. The Law triggered an increased disaffection with the health system and conflicts between professionals. Dealing with the working climate should be a commitment to assume soon.

Gaspelin and Luck describe the signal suppression hypothesis, which proposes that attentional suppression prevents the capture of visual attention by salient distractors. We will discuss several problems with this proposal. On a theoretical level, we will argue that attentional suppression is a dispensable mechanism. Most effects of attentional suppression can be easily explained by reduced target expectancy at the distractor location. On an empirical level, we will argue that electrophysiological evidence for attentional suppression is spurious because, in key conditions, the PD most likely reflects idiosyncratic scan paths.

Harjit Kaur Singh,1 Gerard Kennedy,1– 3 Ieva Stupans1 1The School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia; 2School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Melbourne, Australia; 3Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, AustraliaCorrespondence: Harjit Kaur SinghSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaEmail s3200840@student.rmit.edu.auObjective: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted to explore how stakeholders – participants and coaches experienced, and made sense of, being involved in coaching for people with poorly controlled hypertension.Methods: Two pharmacists provided monthly health coaching sessions to twenty participants for three-months. Qualitative semi-structured interviews of participants were carried out by pharmacist coaches at baseline, one month, and at three months post-study completion. The pharmacist health coaches were also interviewed. Participant and pharmacist audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically.Results: Twenty participants with poorly controlled hypertension received health coaching. Analysis of the transcripts from participant interviews indicated the emergence of three main themes “beliefs about and management of hypertension”, “reflection on health goals” and “understanding of and experiences from health coaching”. Only one theme emerged from the pharmacist interviews: “logistics of health coaching in pharmacy”.Conclusion: Analysis of interviews showed that participants experienced a variety of positive health changes. Changes included a better understanding of health coaching, more realistic beliefs about hypertension, and improved management of hypertension and health goals. Participants were also positive about their experiences of coaching. Interviews with the pharmacists revealed factors such as planning, teamwork, and time management which are related to the implementation and provision of health coaching in community pharmacy practice which could be overcome through consideration and planning.Keywords: attitudes, opinions, behavior change, hypertension

This study aims to investigate the attitudes and opinions that are present among patients and health professionals toward addressing patients’ alcohol use during a hospital stay. We conducted semi-structured interviews with nine health professionals and five patients to explore their opinions and attitudes toward asking and being asked about alcohol during a hospital stay. The data were analyzed using an ad hoc method consisting of primarily close reading and meaning condensing. The main barriers about alcohol as a topic in healthcare lie with health professionals. While patients have reservations and preferences regarding when and how they are asked about alcohol, they all consider knowledge about alcohol habits as important for the health professional to have. The study’s results suggest that actions to better preventive efforts regarding inexpedient alcohol use should mainly focus on breaking barriers hindering the health professionals in asking their patients. This can be done by focusing on education for the health professionals on this topic and developing tangible guidelines for when and how to ask patients for the health professionals to depend on.

Background: Medical marijuana was legalized in Poland in 2017. Cannabinoids contained in marijuana can play a big role in the treatment of pain. The right to pain treatment is especially needed for palliative patients, as it ensures them dying in dignity and peace. With the growing occurrence of medical marijuana in the treatment of patients, future pharmacists should acquire the necessary knowledge on this topic during their studies. Pharmacists have a legal obligation to provide information on prescription medicinal products containing cannabis, including storage and use of the medicinal product dispensed, as well as precautions related to the medicinal product dispensed. Aim of the study: The study looked for answers to questions about the level of pharmacy students’ knowledge concerning medical marijuana and relationship between the year of study and level of knowledge. On the basis of a medical prescription, pharmacists make prescription drugs containing medicinal hemp in pharmacies. Materials and methods: The survey study was conducted from February 25 to April 19. The studied group consisted of 132 pharmacy students from all Pharmaceutical Departments in Poland. The form contained 16 questions. Most of these questions were disjunctive and in several of them the Likert scale was used again. Results: The results of the study indicate that pharmacy students rate their knowledge of medical marijuana very low. Students do not know the indications for medical cannabis use or its side effects. The study sought to find out if there was a need for additional education for students about medical marijuana. No correlation was found between the year of study and the knowledge of pharmacy students. Conslusions: Education about endocannabinoid system in the course of pharmacy studies is negligible, therefore there is an increased need to include this topic in the pharmaceutical study program. Regardless of the year of study, the level of pharmacy students' knowledge about indications, side effects or how to take medical marijuana is low and they need additional education in this field

Background Postmortem explanted cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) from developed countries could provide patients unable to afford new devices in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) a treatment they lack. This study describes the preferences of electrophysiologists and device implanting cardiologists from Spain on the management of explanted CIEDs and opinions and concerns regarding reuse in LMIC. Methods A nationwide self-administered questionnaire was sent to members of the Spanish Rhythm Association (n = 1110), between December 2020 and January 2021. Results Forty-two physician responses were obtained (response rate 5%). There was a strong preference to donate explanted devices for reuse in humans (61.9%) or animals (31%). The vast majority of the participants thought device reutilization was safe, ethical, and a reasonable alternative if a new device is not accessible. Moreover, they indicated they would be comfortable asking patients to consider post-mortem donation, and willing to implant post-mortem explanted and resterilized devices if they were unable to obtain new ones. 57.1% of respondents considered it would be beneficial for patients to have a document so they could reflect their wishes regarding device handling after their death. The most mentioned concerns regarding device reuse were malfunction (57.1%) and infection (54.8%). Conclusions The majority of respondents support reusable CIED donation to LMIC. It would be interesting to study the feasibility of a nationwide device reutilization program.

Objective: Stereotyped beliefs about schizophrenia are well-established in the society and relatively common among healthcare professionals and students. The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions about the causes, treatment, and outcome of schizophrenia among healthcare students. Method: Undergraduate nursing and psychology students completed selected items of the Opinion on Mental Illness Questionnaire after reading a clinical vignette of undiagnosed schizophrenia. Results: Students who labelled the description as schizophrenia were more pessimistic regarding full recovery from the disorder. Those who acknowledged greater relevance to biogenetic risk factors were more convinced of the efficacy of medications. Respondents’ opinions on the efficacy of psychological interventions were more positive among psychology students than among nursing students. Conclusions: The study confirmed the associations of schizophrenia labelling with prognostic pessimism and beliefs about the efficacy of pharmacological treatment among future healthcare professionals. Students’ opinions were less influenced by differences between academic degree programs. Information about current recovery rate and comprehensive care for schizophrenia may support future healthcare professionals in the relationship and the clinical management of PWS.

Organizāciju un menedžmenta socioloģija Socioloģija, politoloģija un antropoloģija Sociology of Organisations and Management Sociology, Politics and Anthropology Bakalaura darba “Nesertificētie mājdzīvnieku pavairotāji – cilvēku pieredze un uzskati” autore ir Laura Zariņa (2022.gads). Šī bakalaura mērķis ir noskaidrot cilvēku pieredzi un uzskatus par nesertificētajiem mājdzīvnieku pavairotājiem. Izvēlētā tēma ir aktuāla, jo ne tikai Latvijā, bet visā pasaulē tiek audzēti šķirnes mājdzīvnieki, šis darbs ir paredzēts sertificētiem un godprātīgiem audzētājiem, taču netrūkst nesertificētie pavairotāji, kas mājdzīvniekus izmanto peļņas nolūkos, nerespektējot, šīs nodarbošanās specifiku, stingros noteikumus, nodarbošanās ētiku, zināšanas un prasmes. Pēdējo gadu laikā pastiprinātāka interese par šķirnes mājdzīvnieku iegādāšanos radās “Covid-19” pandēmijas dēļ, tad arī vēl intensīvāk, kā līdz šim, sāka darboties nesertificētie pavairotāji. Pētījumā izvirzīti 2 pētnieciskie jautājumi: 1. Kāda ir Latvijas iedzīvotāju un nozaru speciālistu pieredze ar nesertificētiem mājdzīvnieku pavairotājiem? 2. Kādi ir Latvijas iedzīvotāju un nozaru speciālistu uzskati par nesertificētiem mājdzīvnieku pavairotājiem? Pētījuma veikšanai tiek izmantotas zinātniskās pētījumu metodes, kā dokumentu analīze, monogrāfiskā jeb aprakstošā metode, kvantitatīvā (interneta aptauja) un kvalitatīvā (padziļinātās ekspertu intervijas) datu ieguves metode. Aptaujas anketu aizpildīja 330 respondenti, intervijās piedalījās 3 eksperti (veterinārārsts, sertificēts mājdzīvnieku audzētājs un patversmes darbinieks). Bakalaura darbs sastāv no 2 daļām (teorētiskās un praktiskās) – teorētiskajā daļā tiek analizētas sociālās kustības, to pārmaiņas, vēsture, veidi un saistība ar dzīvnieku tiesībām, raksturotas arī šķirnes mājdzīvnieku organizācijas un likumi, kas vērsti uz mājdzīvnieku tiesībām un labturību, kā arī atšķirības starp mājdzīvnieku sertificētiem audzētājiem un nesertificētiem pavairotājiem, cilvēku iespējas identificēt šķirnes mājdzīvnieku pārdevējus un raksturotas nesertificēto pavairotāju radītās sekas. Bakalaura darba praktiskajā daļā autors ir aprakstījis un pamatojis pētījuma metodes, izlasi, apkopojis pētījuma rezultātus par Latvijas iedzīvotāju pieredzi un uzskatiem attiecībā uz nesertificētajiem mājdzīvnieku pavairotājiem. Noskaidrots un secināts, ka cilvēku pieredze ar nesertificētajiem pavairotājiem ir vairāk negatīva, cilvēki saskārušies ar daudz problēmām, uzskata, ka ir nepieciešamas vairākas pārmaiņas un regulējumi, lai sakārtotu šķirnes mājdzīvnieku pavairošanas jautājumus. Darbs sastāv no 52 lappusēm, 1 tabulas, 26 attēliem, 3 pielikumiem un 41 izmantotā informācijas avota. Atslēgvārdi: mājdzīvnieki, pieredze, uzskati, nesertificētie pavairotāji, iegāde, likumi, sociālā kustība. Author of the bachelor’s thesis “Illegal pet breeders – human experience and beliefs” is Laura Zarina. This bachelor's thesis goal is to find out people's opinions and experiences about uncertified pet breeders. The chosen topic is very relevant because not only in Latvia but also everywhere in the world pets are bred, this work is for certified and conscientious breeders, however, there isn't a lack of uncertified breeders, who use pets for financial reasons, disrespecting this professions specificity, strict rules, work ethic, knowledge and skills. In recent years the demand for bred pets has increased due to the “Covid-19” pandemic, thus now more than ever uncertified breeders have started working. The study puts forward 2 questions: 1. What are Latvia's citizen's and professional specialists' experiences with illegal pet breeders? 2. What are Latvia's citizen's and professional specialists' opinions about illegal pet breeders? The study used scientific methods such as document analysis, monographic or descriptive method, quantitative (internet survey) and qualitative (in-depth expert interviews) data acquiring methods. The questionnaire was completed by 330 participants, and 3 experts were interviewed (veterinarian, certified pet breeder and animal shelter worker). Bachelors thesis consists of 2 parts (theoretical and practical) – theoretical parts analyzes social movements, their development, history, and connection with animal rights, also describes breed pet organizations and laws which are directed at pet rights and well-being as well as the differences between certified pet breeders and illegal pet breeders. Explains the possibility for people to identify sellers of breed pets and describes the consequences of illegal breeders. In the bachelor's thesis practical part, the author describes and justifies data collection methods, selection, and compiled research results about Latvia’s population's experience and opinions regarding illegal pet breeders. It was determined and concluded that people's experience with illegal pet breeders is more negative, people have encountered a lot of problems, and believe that more changes and regulations must be made to organize pet breeding questions. The work consists of 52 pages, 1 table, 26 pictures, 3 attachments and 41 information sources. Keywords: pets, experience, opinions, beliefs, illegal pet breeders, purchase, laws, social movement.

Journal of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, 14, 1, 123-157

This project was born out of the need from the people interested of an application totally focused on recommending and sharing opinions about digital content (Mainly movies and series). The main goal of this project is the development of a mobile application for the Android operating system that allows the creation of users, adding other users as contacts and bei ng able to share opinions, lists and recommendations about digital content. This application has been developed through the Android Studio programming environment, using the Kotlin and Java languages, with the support of Firebase and following the agile Kanban methodology. The development of this system has occupied a total of 4 months, of which a month and a half has been dedicated to the initial planning of the project and the rest to the development of the same. During this time it has been possible to develop a functional application that meets most of the objectives initially proposed, thus meeting the needs of the users involved. Aquest projecte neix de la necessitat per part de les persones interessades d'una aplicació totalment enfocada en recomanar i compartir opinions sobre contingut digital (Principalment pel·lícules i sèries). L'objectiu principal d'aquest projecte és el desenvolupament d'una aplicació mòbil per al sistema operatiu Android que permeti crear usuaris, agregar altres usuaris com a contactes i poder compartir opinions, llistes i recomanacions sobre contingut digital. Aquesta aplicació s'ha desenvolupat a través del entorn de programació Android Studio, utilitzant els llenguatges Kotlin i Java, amb el suport de Firebase i seguint la metodologia agile Kanban. El desenvolupament d'aquest sistema ha ocupat un total de 4 mesos, dels quals un mes i mig ha sigut dedicat a la planificació inicial del projecte i la resta al desenvolupament del mateix. En aquest període de temps s'ha pogut desenvolupar una aplicació funcional que compleix amb la majoria dels objectius inicialment proposats, satisfent d'aquesta manera les necessitats dels usuaris involucrats. Este proyecto nace de la necesidad por parte de las personas interesadas de una aplicación totalmente enfocada en recomendar y compartir opiniones sobre contenido digital (Principalmente películas y series). El objetivo principal de este proyecto es el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil para el sistema operativo Android que permita crear usuarios, agregar otros usuarios como contactos y poder compartir opiniones, listas y recomendaciones sobre contenido digital. Esta aplicación se ha desarrollado a través del entorno de programación Android Studio, utilizando los lenguajes Kotlin y Java, con el apoyo de Firebase y siguiendo la metodología ágil Kanban. El desarrollo de este sistema ha ocupado un total de 4 meses, de los cuales un mes y medio ha sido dedicado a la planificación inicial del proyecto y el resto al desarrollo del mismo. En este período de tiempo se ha podido desarrollar una aplicación funcional que cumple con la mayoría de los objetivos inicialmente propuestos, satisfaciendo así las necesidades de los usuarios involucrados.

Highlights • Finnish dairy farmers' perceptions of issues with carbon neutrality were examined. • Concerns include farming profitability, farmer blaming, and use of peatlands. • Public policy guidance is needed for carbon-neutral, sustainable agriculture. Environmental and political debate concerning the role of agriculture in sustainability has long been on the agenda. However, owing to climate change, an analysis of the transition to a low-carbon society must also be considered from the perspective of justice. Dairy farming, in particular, faces pressure in this context, when contemplating changing consumer behaviors and reduction in the carbon footprint of dairy products. Accordingly, many dairy farmers are struggling with the profitability and high production costs of farming. This study examines the experiences and perceptions of dairy farmers in Finland. The theoretical background is predicated upon the “just transition” literature. Additionally, recent literature regarding farmers' attitudes and agency, related to climate and environmental change, is utilized. A collaborative, empirical study of the Finnish dairy co-op Valio Ltd.‘s carbon-neutral milk chain program was conducted. The authors interviewed 18 dairy farmers and examined their motivations and barriers to carbon-neutral practices. Their experiences and perceptions of justice, in the context of a carbon-neutral milk chain, were studied. This study elucidates how to shift to carbon-neutral agriculture in such a way that dairy farmers perceive this systemic change as justified and acceptable. The results indicate that from the farmers' perspective, three key justice issues need consideration: 1) profitability of farming, 2) blaming of farmers, and 3) use of agricultural peatlands.

David Smith will not again declare the genome paper as dead. But does its existence as a zombie still serve science?[Image: see text]

Résumé: La Déesse de Parménide annonce toujours que les δόξαι sont un produit humain. Mais il y a un point qui n'a pas été en général remarqué dans les études consacrées à l'étude des δόξαι: elles décrivent une activité humaine qui consiste a expliquer la réalité par la présence de principes opposés, et qui est toujours en rapport avec la "nomination" (voir fr. 8.51, fr. 8.38-41, fr 9, fr. 19.3). Il y avait à l'époque de Parménide une école qui correspondait à ce portrait robot, ou s'agit-il d'un collage de Parménide? Quoi qu'il en soit, il est attesté la présence d'une branche du Pythagorisme qui se caractérisait, précisément, pour "placer" des noms sur les choses. Abstract: The Goddess of Parmenides always announces that the δόξαι are a human product. But there is one point that has not generally been noticed in the studies devoted to the study of the δόξαι: they describe a human activity that consists in explaining reality by the presence of opposite principles, and that is always related to "nomination" (see fr. 8.51, fr. 8.38-41, fr 9, fr. 19.3). Was there a school in Parmenides' time which corresponded to this sketch, or is it a collage of Parmenides'? In any case, it is attested the presence of a branch of Pythagorism which was characterized, precisely, by "placing" names on things.

PIs do not need to stay away from bench work; in fact, they are often overall the best and most experienced experimentalists in the lab.[Image: see text]

Introduction. Research focused on listening and understanding public attitudes towards farm animal welfare is proliferating globally. Objective. To determine how consumers in Colombia perceive the welfare of farm animals and socio-demographic factors associated with such perceptions. Materials and methods. A descriptive and analytical epidemiological study was done through the implementation of a cross-sectional national online survey, conducted from September to October-2021, to obtain information on the knowledge and attitudes of consumers (≥18 years) in Colombia regarding farm animal welfare, as well as socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, education, occupation, location, growing-up environment, level of contact with livestock farms, and diet). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of demographic factors with the level of importance given to animal welfare (AW), perceptions about needs, behavior, and sentience in farm animals, and perceptions about the state and promotion of AW in Colombia. Results. Responses from 798 participants were included in the analysis, 85.57 % saw AW as a concept that refers to how to treat animals and improve their quality of life. The level of importance given to AW was 9.78±0.85 (scale from 0 to 10) and was associated with words such as health, food, caring, respect, and comfort. Sex, age, education, level of contact with a farm, and growing-up in rural areas significantly influenced the opinions regarding the concept of AW and the promotion of farm animal welfare in Colombia. Conclusion. The participants showed concern about farm animal welfare. The differences found associated with the different socio-demographic factors can be used as a basis for formulating education and empowerment strategies that help modulate changes in the way animals are seen, and what welfare means and what it implies. Resumen Introducción. El bienestar animal tiene como objetivo mejorar la calidad de vida de los animales que están bajo cuidado humano, por eso es importante escuchar y entender las actitudes públicas hacia el bienestar en animales de producción. Objetivo. Determinar cómo los consumidores en Colombia perciben el bienestar en animales de producción y factores sociodemográficos asociados a dichas percepciones. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo y analítico mediante la aplicación de una encuesta transversal nacional en línea, realizada de septiembre a octubre de 2021, para obtener información sobre conocimientos y actitudes de consumidores (≥18 años) en Colombia, respecto al bienestar en animales de producción, así como características sociodemográficas (sexo, edad, educación, ocupación, ubicación, entorno de crecimiento, nivel de contacto con fincas y dieta). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y logística multinomial para evaluar asociaciones de factores demográficos con el nivel de importancia dado al bienestar animal (BA), percepciones sobre necesidades, comportamiento y sintiencia animal, y percepciones sobre el estado y promoción del BA en Colombia. Resultados. Respuestas de 798 participantes fueron analizadas; 85,57% vio al BA como un concepto que refiere a cómo tratar a los animales y mejorar su calidad de vida. El nivel de importancia dado al BA fue 9,78±0,85 (escala de 0 a 10) y se asoció con palabras como salud, alimentación, cuidado, respeto y comodidad. Sexo, edad, educación, nivel de contacto con una finca y crecer en zonas rurales, influenciaron significativamente las opiniones sobre el concepto de BA y la promoción del bienestar en animales de producción en Colombia. Conclusión. Los participantes mostraron preocupación por el bienestar de animales de producción. Las diferencias encontradas asociadas a factores sociodemográficos pueden servir de base para formular estrategias de educación y empoderamiento que ayuden a modular cambios en el cómo se ve a los animales y en lo significa e implica su bienestar.

Should scientists indulge their fantasies by writing fiction?

Many people have discovered new hobbies and pastimes during the COVID crisis. David Smith describes how he developed an obsession with rescuing old microscopes.[Image: see text]

Academia has fostered an unhealthy relationship with alcohol that has an undeniable impact on the health and behaviour of students and staff.[Image: see text]

Background: Recommendations of the European Association for Palliative Care have been proposed to strengthen the provision of palliative care and it is clear that people with dementia can benefit from palliative care, but no research so far addresses the beliefs of university students and professionals in the social, medical and other science fields in South East Europe regarding the need from palliative care. The objective of this study is to explore when students and professionals consider a person with dementia in need of palliative care and to compare their opinions in three South East European countries. Subjects and methods: An anonymized questionnaire was used based on van Riet Paap et al. (2015) case-vignette. A sample of 1287 participants (student nurses, professional nurses, psychology students, professional psychologists, student doctors, professional doctors, and students and professionals from other non-relevant to medical and social care sciences) was examined in Greece, Bulgaria and Romania. Results: Τhe open responses to the “when” question revealed the categories: after her diagnosis/after the first symptoms; when she and her family cannot cope; at the advance of symptoms; all the time; when she behaves aggressively; I am not sure/there is no specific point. Unexpectedly, age, professional status and field of studies were not found to be significant predictors, but only the country of origin was found to contribute to the differences in the participants’ answers regarding the start of palliative care. Conclusion: Although professional-student status and relevancy of subject did not predict opinions, the country of origin predicted controversies for the proposed time point of considering a person with dementia in need of palliative care.

El consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo representa un importante riesgo para el feto y es una de las principales causas de los Trastornos del Espectro Alcoholico Fetal. Objetivos. Explorar el conocimiento, actitudes y opiniones de los profesionales sanitarios sobre el uso de alcohol durante el embarazo. Método. Estudio cualitativo transversal basado en un enfoque fenoménológico. Realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 24 profesionales sanitarios. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia en Hospitales de sanidad pública de la Comunidad de Madrid. Análisis categórico e interpretativo de contenido con ayuda del programa QSR-NVIVO v.11. Resultados. Se detecta cierto desconocimiento de las recomendaciones oficiales y de los Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal, aunque se identifica el consumo de riesgo y las consecuencias para el feto. Diversidad de pautas a las gestantes sobre el consumo. No se suele incidir en la ingesta de alcohol en las entrevistas de seguimiento. Algunas gestantes minusvaloran el consumo. Propuesta de medidas para mejorar las acciones preventivas y la comunicación entre profesional y paciente. Conclusiones. Necesidad de incrementar la formación en los profesionales sanitarios sobre el consumo de alcohol, sus repercusiones durante el embarazo y sobre las Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal para que pueda mejorar la prevención., Alcohol consumption during pregnancy represents an important risk for the fetus and is one of the main causes of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Aims. To explore knowledge, attitudes and opin-ions of health professionals towards alcohol use during pregnancy. Method. Qualitative transversal study based on a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews with 24 healthcare profes-sionals. Non-probability convenience sampling at public hospitals of the Community of Madrid. We performed a categorical and interpretive content analysis using QSR-NVIVO v.11 software. Results. Participants reported lack of knowledge about official guidelines and about Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, however they identified risk and consequences of drinking during pregnancy. Health pro-fessionals described the use of different approaches to advising pregnant women. Usually, partici-pants ask pregnant women only once about their alcohol use at the start of their pregnancy, and not follow-up with them. Participants have identified the need for better prevention and improve-ment/training on communication styles between professionals and clients. Conclusions. Results show the need to increase health professionals training about alcohol consumption during pregnancy and its consequences (including about Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders) in order to improve quality of preventive actions.

What long‐term changes can we expect, in how academic work is conducted and remunerated, in the post‐pandemic world?

When will COVID-19 ever end? Various countries employ different strategies to address this; time will tell what the best response was.

We need more openness about age‐related infertility as it is a particular risk for many female scientists in academia who feel that they have to delay having children. [Image: see text]

As COVID‐19 has turned universities into ghost towns, David Smith cannot wait for the day when his campus fills with life again.[Image: see text]