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Studying the spatial distribution of proteins provides the basis for understanding the biology, molecular repertoire, and architecture of every human cell. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) has grown into one of the world's largest biological databases, and in the most recent version, a major update of the structure of the database was performed. The data has now been organized into ten different comprehensive sections, each summarizing different aspects of the human proteome and the protein-coding genes. In particular, large datasets with information on the single cell type level have been integrated, refining the tissue and cell type specificity and detailing the expression in cell states with an increased resolution. The multi-modal data constitute an important resource for both basic and translational science, and hold promise for integration with novel emerging technologies at the protein and RNA level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Included here are the protocol and database search strings for a completed systematized review.

The paper presents implementation of digital media tools and innovative technologies in open access presentation and sustainable preservation of cultural heritage objects, stored in museums. New digital preservation and curation tools like web sites, 3D modeling, virtual tours, and repositories, have been analyzed for usage in cultural heritage fields for memory institutions, museums, institutions, tourist routes, information centers and sites.

Supplementary materials for the submission "FLEXI: A Robust and Flexible Social Robot Embodiment Kit" published in the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS) 2022. Reference: Alves-Oliveira, P., Bavier, M., Malandkar, S., Eldridge, R., Sayigh, J., Bjroling, E., & Cakmak., M. (2022). FLEXI: A Robust and Flexible Social Robot Embodiment Kit. ACM SIGCHI Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS).

This pilot project aimed to gauge and measure degrees of faculty use and engagement with forms of open access publishing, while also gaining insight into their opinions on the experience. A survey instrument was created based on aggregation existing study's surveys. The results were analyzed using statistical analysis, in order to try and understand any underlying relationships that could exist in the data.

Das zurzeit dominierende Geschäftsmodell im Bereich von Open-Access-Zeitschriften basiert auf dem Erheben von Artikelbearbeitungsgebühren. Dieses wird im Zuge der Open-Access-Transformation weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen. In diesem Beitrag wird mittels einer linearen, multivariaten Regression analysiert, was die Höhe von tatsächlich gezahlten Artikelbearbeitungsgebühren beeinflusst. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Impact einer Zeitschrift und ihre Erscheinungsform (Open Access oder hybrid) die wichtigsten Faktoren sind., With the ongoing open access transformation, article processing charges (APCs) are gaining importance as the dominant business model for scientific open access journals. This paper analyzes what determines the level of an APC by means of multivariate linear regression. The results show that the journal's impact and its publication mode are the most important factors.

The genera Eremohaplomydas Bequaert, 1959, Haplomydas Bezzi, 1924, and Lachnocorynus Hesse, 1969 (Diptera: Mydidae: Syllegomydinae) are revised. Currently, four species are known from southern Africa, i.e., Eremohaplomydas desertorum Bequaert, 1959 from north-western Namibia, Haplomydas crassipes Bezzi, 1924 widespread in southern Africa, Lachnocorynus chobeensis Hesse, 1969 from northern Botswana, and Lachnocorynus kochi Hesse, 1969 from northern Namibia. Four new species, Eremohaplomydas gobabebensissp. nov. and Eremohaplomydas whartonisp. nov. from the central Namib desert of Namibia, Eremohaplomydas stomachorissp. nov. from the northern Namib desert in Namibia, and Lachnocorynus stenocephalussp. nov. from north-eastern Zimbabwe are described. Lachnocorynus kochi is synonymized with Lachnocorynus chobeensis. Distribution, biology, occurrence in biodiversity hotspots sensu Conservation International and seasonal imago flight activity are discussed. Descriptions/redescriptions, photographs, specimen occurrence data, and identification keys (both dichotomous and matrix-based) to species are provided and made openly accessible in data repositories to support and accelerate future studies of the included taxa. An updated identification key to the Mydidae genera of the Afrotropical Region is provided. The placement of the three genera in the subfamily taxon Syllegomydinae is discussed and several morphological features, such as an extremely reduced proboscis in some species, a unique wing venation in Eremohaplomydas gobabebensissp. nov., and the unique metathoracic coxa, are discussed.

The field of immunology is rapidly progressing toward a systems-level understanding of immunity to tackle complex infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, cancer, and beyond. In the last couple of decades, advancements in data acquisition techniques have presented opportunities to explore untapped areas of immunological research. Broad initiatives are launched to disseminate the datasets siloed in the global, federated, or private repositories, facilitating interoperability across various research domains. Concurrently, the application of computational methods, such as network analysis, meta-analysis, and machine learning have propelled the field forward by providing insight into salient features that influence the immunological response, which was otherwise left unexplored. Here, we review the opportunities and challenges in democratizing datasets, repositories, and community-wide knowledge sharing tools. We present use cases for repurposing open-access immunology datasets with advanced machine learning applications and more.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a devastating effect on the health and well-being of the global population. Apart from the global health crises, the pandemic has also caused significant economic and financial difficulties and socio-physiological implications. Effective screening, triage, treatment planning, and prognostication of outcome plays a key role in controlling the pandemic. Recent studies have highlighted the role of point-of-care ultrasound imaging for COVID-19 screening and prognosis, particularly given that it is non-invasive, globally available, and easy-to-sanitize. Motivated by these attributes and the promise of artificial intelligence tools to aid clinicians, we introduce COVIDx-US, an open-access benchmark dataset of COVID-19 related ultrasound imaging data. The COVIDx-US dataset was curated from multiple sources and its current version, i.e., v1.2., consists of 150 lung ultrasound videos and 12,943 processed images of patients infected with COVID-19 infection, non-COVID-19 infection, other lung diseases/conditions, as well as normal control cases. The COVIDx-US is the largest open-access fully-curated dataset of its kind that has been systematically curated, processed, and validated specifically for the purpose of building and evaluating artificial intelligence algorithms and models., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Nature Scientific Data

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) pandemic, as the modern world’s gravest health crisis, has rapidly required more health facilities and health care providers (HCPs). The education system in general and medical education, in particular, has also changed dramatically with the school closures. Teaching and learning activities are undertaken remotely and on digital platforms. Academicians, HCPs, and medical students have gained new skills and experienced to manage their own learning process online. Many sources became easily reachable, open, and free. Open and democratized medicine, as we have seen during this pandemic, offers an interactive, egalitarian educational model. Governments, global organizations, and companies collaborated in order to keep all students learning and all instructors teaching. Many societies are faced with the digital divide and exclusion of learners. In this paper, we discussed the effect of COVID-19 on medical education at all levels and its’ democratization and shared our recommendations for sustaining these achievements after the pandemic.

Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica has become a fully open-access Journal! This was our wish, shared by the Associate Editors and founding societies, the Société Royale Belge de Gastro-Entérologie (SRBGE) and the Vlaamse Vereniging voor Gastro-Enterologie (VVGE). We announced this major improvement during our Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica board meeting in Antwerpen in March 2020 (Picture). It is indeed very important for the Belgian and international scientific community to get easy access to all the Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica manuscripts. [...]

Journal of Childhood, Education & Society (JCES) was founded as a product of collective thought under the leadership of Dr. Mehmet Toran in July 2019 by a group of early childhood researchers who conduct both collaborative and independent academic research. Under the light of scientific research, current publishing policies cannot eliminate inequalities in public access for transfer and access of knowledge that is generated for the public weal (Beall, 2013). Particularly, having a limited access to the knowledge in early childhood studies is acknowledged as the first step for constitution of JCES. In this context, we would like to underline that independent researchers who are voluntarily taking part in the emergence of JCES are involved in a very courageous endeavour. This collective constitution takes an important responsibility for the public as well, and we point out that to fulfil this responsibility, it embraces moral and ethical rules as a reference point. Objectives, scope and ethical principles of JCES are determined with the contribution of the editorial board. In addition, we make promise to the larger research community of early childhood area that we will make sure to contribute to the area by giving a priority to high quality of research with robust evidence. JCES adopts open science perspective in early childhood studies. Therefore, JCES has a high opinion of sharing the knowledge among people who are in children’s ecology democratically. Attaching importance to open science policy, JCES defends scientific knowledge as public property that should be shared with all without depressing its value (Tonta, 2015). In the light of this target, -as JCES editorial board- we believe that scientific information that has been produced as public property should be shared with everyone through open access. The scientific communication enhanced between researchers-practitioners-readers is aimed to put into practice through the “open access” method. In this context, as open access policy within JCES, we embraced non-profit, voluntary editorial operations without charging a fee either from the reader or authors. Our experiences during publishing our first issue promise that it can be put into practice with a collective movement voluntarily on a digital platform. Solidarity is possible to carry out editorial process not only in Turkey but also with a contribution from every corner of the world. We have given extra importance to research ethics as our publishing policy. While specifying ethical principles, we aimed to take researcher’s attention to this issue. In this sense, after discussions with EECERA and then with the permission from Trustees of EECERA, we decided to embrace EECERA Ethical Code for Early Childhood Researchers that is formulated by Chris Pascal, Tony Bertram, Julia Formosinho, Colette Gray and Margy Whalley (2012). The ethical code bears qualification as a guide for researchers working in the early childhood area. We would like to indicate that applicant articles to the JCES are also evaluated in terms of those ethical codes during the editorial preliminary consideration process. After calling for papers for the inaugural issue, we had a considerable amount of article applications. Those applications studiously evaluated by the referees after preliminary considerations. In this process, constructive feedback from the referees and the revisions authors made in consideration to given feedback contributed to quality of articles concurrently to the quality of the journal. Peer review process that is held studiously, on time and constructively demonstrated that solidarity is built correctly and truthfully. Therefore, we would like to especially thank the referees for the inaugural issue. As you will see in the journal, there are six articles for the inaugural issue from five different countries: Belgium, Colombia, Israel, Tanzania and the USA. This variety is a result of effective publicity of the journal by editorial board and efficient use of digital platforms with open access policy. Besides that, especially the call for papers announcements by EECERA in their member mail groups and social media accounts demonstrated once more how important solidarity is. As a result of this solidarity and cooperation, we would like to underline that the geographical variety of applicant articles strengthen our faith and self-confidence as well. After publishing first issue, we will continue pertinaciously working to strengthen international collaborations and to ensure continuity of the journal. Being aware of responsibility we are carrying and the risks we may face in the process, we would like to state that we have already taken necessary precautions. To ensure long running path and continuity of publishing for the journal, Gizem Alvan, Kerem Avcı and Taibe Kulaksız - doctorate students- have already started gaining experience in journal publishing and editorial administration process. These experiences would play an important role to provide sustainable publication of the journal. We would like to congratulate them to take part in a constitution courageously. We would like to thank all partners who contributed to spreading information to publish interest with open access with their articles and their supports in the editorial process for the inaugural issue. We would like to state that the call for papers continues for the second issue of JCES which will be published in August 2020 and we are open to early childhood researchers’ original contributions.

This mini-review paper analyses the achievements of the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), as a distributed global data system and as a community of data contributors and users. We highlight some issues and challenges and identify ways OBIS is trying to address these with developing community standards, protocols and best practices, applying new innovative technologies, improving human capacity through training, and establishing beneficial partnerships. With the release of the second generation of OBIS (OBIS 2.0), we now have a more solid foundation to build improved data processing/integration workflows, new data synthesis routines that add value to OBIS data, and new types of products and applications for scientific and decision-making. The future of OBIS will be in working toward an open and inviting process of co-developing OBIS as a global networked open-source data system that will enable the community to organize, document, and contribute analytical codes that interface directly with OBIS, provide analyses, and share results. The main challenges will be in mobilizing and organizing the scientific community to publish richer and high quality data more rapidly in support of developing robust and timely indicators of status and change on Essential Ocean Variables and Essential Biodiversity Variables.

Open-access eTextbooks have the potential to be dynamic digital resources that can be updated with research findings, adapted to align course learning outcomes and student learning goals, and developed to be more accessible to a greater number of learners. We have developed an open access eTextbook for second-year anatomy and physiology students at the University of Toronto Mississauga (UTM) to meet the specific learning requirements of second-year Biology students in an Animal Physiology course. In our presentation, we will share our collaborative journey of the creation of this open eTextbook and the eTextbook itself. Specifically, we will: a) share how we embedded course learning outcomes within the textbook and interactive elements of the textbook to better support student learning; b) share how librarians, staff, graduate students, and faculty collaborated and continue to collaborate on curating, creating and editing of the content developed for the open textbook; c) share how undergraduate students learn the content using the textbook but also how they apply skills beyond the course content expectations when using or interacting with the textbook; d) share challenges we encountered, and e) reflect upon next stages and issues on the horizon, as we engage in creating, improving and disseminating information about this open textbook project.

In India, biodiversity data and information are gaining significance for sustainable development and preparing National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs). Civil societies and individuals are seeking open access to data and information generated with public funds, whereas sensitivity requirements often demand restrictions on the availability of sensitive data. In India, the traditional classification of data for sharing was based on the "Open Series Data" model; i.e. data not specifically included remains inaccessible. The National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy (NDSAP Anonymous 2012Suppl. material 1) published in 2012 produced a new data sharing framework more focused on the declaration of data as closed. NDSAP is a clear statement that data that are produced by the Government of India should be shared openly. Although much of the verbiage is focused on sharing within the Government to meet national goals, the document does include clear statements about sharing with the public. The policy is intended to apply "to all data and information created, generated, collected and archived using public funds provided by the Government of India". The policy is quite clear that it should apply to all such data, and that such data should be categorized into open-access, registered-access, or restricted-access. NDSAP indicates that all Government of India-produced/funded data is to be opened to the broader community, but provides three access categories (open, registered, restricted). Although NDSAP does not offer much guidance about what sorts of data should fall in each of the categories, it clearly focuses on data sensitive in terms of national security (i.e., data that must be restricted), such as high-resolution satellite imagery of disputed border regions. Institutions collecting biodiversity data usually include primary, research-grade data in the restricted-access category and secondary / derived data (e.g., vegetation maps, species distribution maps) in the open or registered-access category. The conservative approach of not making bioidiversity data easily accessible, is not in accordance with the NDSAP policy, which emphasizes the openness of data. It also counters the main currents in science, which are shifting massively in the direction of opening access to data. Though NDSAP was intended for full implementation by 2014, its uptake by the institutions engaged in primary biodiversity data collection has been slow mainly because: providing primary data in some cases can endanger elements of the natural world; and many researchers wish to keep the data that result from their research activities shielded from full, open access out of a desire to retain control of those data for future analysis or publication. providing primary data in some cases can endanger elements of the natural world; and many researchers wish to keep the data that result from their research activities shielded from full, open access out of a desire to retain control of those data for future analysis or publication. Biodiversity data collected as part of institutional activities belong, in some sense, to the institution, and the institution should value such data over the long term. If institutions curate their biodiversity data for posterity, they can reap the benefits. Imagine the returns if biodiversity data from current ongoing projects were to be compared to data collected 50-100 years later. Thus, organizations should emphasize the long-term view of institutionalizing data resources through fair data restrictions and emphasise on public access, rather than on individual rights and control. This approach may be debatable, but we reckon that it will translate into massive science pay-offs.

Taxonomy has a long tradition of describing earth’s biodiversity. For the past 20 years or so, taxonomic revisions have become available in PDF format, which is regarded by most practicing taxonomists to be a good means of digital dissemination. However, a PDF document is nothing more than a text document that can be transferred easily for viewing among researchers and computer platforms. In today’s world, traditional taxonomic techniques need to be met with novel tools to make data dissemination a reality, make species hypotheses more robust, and open the field up to rigorous scientific testing. Here, I argue that high-quality taxonomic output is not just the publication of detailed species descriptions and re-descriptions, precise taxon delimitations, easy-to-use identification keys, and comprehensively undertaken and illustrated revisions. Rather, in addition high-quality taxonomic output embraces digital workflows and data standards to disseminate captured and published data in structured, machine-readable formats to data repositories so as to make all data openly accessible. Imagine that a taxonomist today has every original description and every subsequent re-description of a species at her/his fingertips online, has every specimen photograph produced by a previous reviser digitally available in the original resolution, and can take advantage of existing, openly accessible data and resources produced by peers in digital format in the past. When we as taxonomists provide such findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data, the future of biodiversity discovery will accelerate and our own taxonomic legacy will be enhanced. Cybertaxonomic tools provide methods to accomplish this goal and their use and implementation is here summarized in the context of revisionary taxonomy from the standpoint of a publishing taxonomist. While many of the tools have been around for some time now, very few taxonomists embrace and utilize these tools in their publications. This presentation will provide information on what kind of data can and should be openly shared (e.g., specimen occurrence data, digital images, names, descriptions, authors) and outline best practices utilizing globally unique identifiers for specimens and data. Data standards and the best-suited data repositories such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Zenodo, with its Biodiversity Literature Repository, and the Plazi TreatmentBank, an emerging species portal, are discussed to illustrate retrospective and prospective data capture of taxonomic revisions.

Here I present an overview of entomological journals and publishing in Japan, thereby providing a convenient portal to the valuable scientific resources for the world’s entomological researchers and scientific communities. Currently, except for several international journals published fully in English such as Applied Entomology and Zoology and Entomological Science, many entomological and entomology-related journals in Japan are not indexed by major scientific databases like Web of Science, and therefore they are neither conveniently recognizable nor accessible for the world’s entomological communities. However, I point out that many of the contents of such journals are freely available via Japan’s public platforms for electronic scientific literature, Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic (J-stage) or Citation Information by National Institute of Informatics (CiNii). Here I list 32 entomological and entomology-related societies and their 45 journals, the majority of which belong to either the Union of Japanese Societies for Insect Sciences (UJSIS), the Union of the Japanese Societies for Systematic Biology (UJSSB), the Union of Japanese Societies for Natural History (UJSNH), or the Union of Japanese Societies for Biological Science (UJSBS), with their respective URL and open-access availability.

Pentingnya proses pengarsipan secara digital di IAIN Curup yang diawali dengan proses pengumpulan, pemeliharaan serta diseminasi pengetahuan karya ilmiah melalui proses penyebaran informasi yang direncanakan, diarahkan dan dikelola serta direpositorikan secara online yang bersifat open access menggunakan eprints software. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan pemodelan implementasi open access pada repositori institusi pada IAIN Curup yang menggunakan perangkat lunak berbasis open source. Banyak dosen dan mahasiswa yang masih belum memahami cara penggunaan eprints software ini sehingga perlunya dibuat sebuah pemodelan metode implementasi repositori untuk para pengguna. Studi kasus ini mengungkap kasus terkait kegiatan repositori selama ini di IAIN Curup. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan menganalisis fenomena, mendeskripsikan, dan memecahkan permasalahan yang ada terhadap observasi objek yang diteliti yaitu di pusat perpustakaan, fakultas/program studi, LP2M dan pusat publikasi jurnal ilmiah. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga bentuk pemodelan proses implementasi repositori institusi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan potensi akademik institusi IAIN Curup. ABSTRACT The importance of the digital archiving process at IAIN Curup begins with the process of collecting, maintaining and disseminating scientific knowledge through the process of disseminating its planned information, directed and managed, and published online which is using open-access EPrints software. This study aims to model the implementation of open access institutional repositories at IAIN Curup using open-source software. Most lecturers and students do not understand how to use this software so that it is necessary to make a modeling method of implementing repositories for its users. This case study reveals repository activities at IAIN Curup. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach by analyzing phenomena, describing, and solving existing problems with observing the objects under study, namely at the library center, faculties/programs, LP2M, and scientific journal publication center. The research design used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method. This research produces three forms of modeling of the institutional repository implementation process which is used to enhance the academic potential of the IAIN Curup institution.

Jeremy Berg S cience Advances was launched on February 2015 at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) annual meeting in San Jose, California, as the online, open-access expansion of Science magazine. Science Advances , like its older sibling, covers the full gamut of scientific disciplines, including (but not limited to) earth and space sciences; ecology, evolution, and environmental biology; biomedical, biological, and neuroscience; social sciences; and chemical, computational, mathematical, and physical sciences as well as applied sciences and engineering. We publish research articles and reviews that illuminate the leading edge of national and international research, both within and across scientific disciplines. The foundation of Science Advances is an outstanding editorial team of active scientists. With expertise spanning the many fields that we cover, the journal’s editorial resources are anchored in …

In recent years, the mapping of diseases has improved considerably in extent, resolution and accuracy (Kraemer et al., 2016). Increasingly, data and related spatial outputs are being made publicly available (Briand et al., 2018; Flueckiger et al., 2015). However, the full potential of associated modelled outputs will only be realised if data are accessed and used to inform local decision making. Recent reviews have suggested that data repositories are mainly targeted toward researchers rather than decision makers and that there is a need to improve indicator data use in low- and middle-income countries (Briand et al., 2018; Omumbo et al., 2013). We describe the development of an open-source web application, MaDD (Malaria Data by District) (Tomlinson et al., 2019), that enables disease distribution data to be more accessible at a local level.\ud \ud The Malaria Atlas Project (MAP) is an international consortium which provides geographical information on diverse aspects of malaria epidemiology (Hay & Snow, 2006). The open-access data generated by MAP have the potential to influence policy at the national and subnational level (Hay & Snow, 2006; Moyes et al., 2013). The project includes sophisticated interpolation models that allow inference of malaria prevalence, as detailed in national and regional indicator surveys, at non-sampled locations (Giorgi et al., 2018; Hay & Snow, 2006). Getting contemporary estimates of malaria metrics to policy makers is essential, but barriers to acceptance exist, notably for modelled predictions; these include the complexity of the statistics described within output reports, and the description of assumptions made during the modelling process (Whitty, 2015). Additional barriers include the sheer wealth of data available, making it difficult to find and choose data surfaces despite central repositories that may be easily navigable. These factors have contributed towards a general lack of modelled outputs being used by local-level implementation programmes in Africa (Omumbo et al., 2013).\ud \ud Most modelled MAP data are provided as spatial estimates, presented as 5 × 5 km gridded surfaces, for example, estimates of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence and mortality, estimates of indoor residual spraying coverage and estimates of dominant vector species distributions and abundance (Bhatt et al., 2015; Gething et al., 2016; Sinka et al., 2016). Though data generated at this spatial resolution provides a visual indication of subnational disparities, it is not immediately clear how these data may be used directly in operational decision-making. For modelled data to be utilised by operational staff at a local level, there is a requirement for additional tools and the ability to convert such data into operationally useful metrics at the level of administrative units (Knight et al., 2016; Omumbo et al., 2013; Whitty, 2015).\ud \ud Data curated by MAP can already be accessed via online interactive maps (Malaria Atlas Project, 2019), an online country profiles tool and the malariaAtlas R package (Pfeffer et al., 2018). These are powerful tools enabling access to MAP generated data that do include data summaries by administrative units. However, because of the wealth of data and functionality it is not straightforward to find and use these tools to perform district-level comparisons. Here, we present an application that allows rapid generation and comparison of summary statistics for a select suite of malaria indicator variables at the sub-national administrative level. MaDD is open-source and coded in R, so it can easily be modified to address local needs (R Core Team, 2019). This is a step towards developing tools for local decision makers to inform questions such as, “where should we prioritise the targeting of IRS rounds this season?”.

Objective: To validate published diagnostic models for their ability to safely reduce unnecessary endoscopy referrals in primary care patients suspected of significant colorectal disease.Study Design and Setting: Following a systematic literature search, we independently validated the identified diagnostic models in a cross-sectional study of 810 Dutch primary care patients with persistent lower abdominal complaints referred for endoscopy. We estimated diagnostic accuracy measures for colorectal cancer (N = 37) and significant colorectal disease (N = 141; including colorectal cancer, inftammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, or > 1-cm adenomas).Results: We evaluated 18 models-12 specific for colorectal cancer, of which most were able to safely rule out colorectal cancer: the best model (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-1) prevented 59% of referrals (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56-63%), with 96% sensitivity (95% CI: 83-100%), 100% negative predictive value (NPV; 95% CI: 99-100%), and an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.80-0.92). The models performed less for significant colorectal disease: the best model (Brazer) prevented 23% of referrals (95% CI: 20-26%), with 95% sensitivity (95% CI: 90-98%), 96% NPV (95% CI: 92-98%), and an AUC of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69-0.78).Conclusion: Most models safely excluded colorectal cancer in many primary care patients with lower gastrointestinal complaints referred for endoscopy. Models performed less well for significant colorectal disease. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

28 Pags.- 8 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://link.springer.com/bookseries/7651 and http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4939-6396-6., FootprintDB is a database and search engine that compiles regulatory sequences from open access libraries of curated DNA cis-elements and motifs, and their associated transcription factors (TFs). It systematically annotates the binding interfaces of the TFs by exploiting protein-DNA complexes deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Each entry in footprintDB is thus a DNA motif linked to the protein sequence of the TF(s) known to recognize it, and in most cases, the set of predicted interface residues involved in specific recognition. This chapter explains step-by-step how to search for DNA motifs and protein sequences in footprintDB and how to focus the search to a particular organism. Two real-world examples are shown where this software was used to analyze transcriptional regulation in plants. Results are described with the aim of guiding users on their interpretation, and special attention is given to the choices users might face when performing similar analyzes., This work was funded by grant Euroinvestigación EUI2008-03612 under the framework of the Transnational (Germany, France, Spain) Cooperation within the PLANT-KBBE Initiative.

Information technology provides an important turning point in academic research. This paper is a review of different software and websites that can be used for research in psychology. The selection of software is based on the 'open-access' principle - only software that is available to everyone is included. This software is free, and for the most part, also open source - this means it can be modified for individual researcher's purposes. The use of information technology is described in every phase of the research process, and examples of available tools in every research phase are provided. This process includes the preliminary steps; the various means of data collection - including experimentation and questionnaire methods; qualitative and quantitative analysis; and write up. For researchers interested in the improvement of their research process, this work is a foundation for acquaintance and approachment to current trends that can be implemented in future work. .

With the emergence of advanced Internet technologies, access to scientific literature is evolving at an unprecedented pace. While the number of peer-reviewed publications is growing exponentially, unpublished technical reports, dissertations and other forms of grey literature are becoming increasingly accessible for researchers across the world. Research organizations and universities are capitalizing on this opportunity, actively making their research available on the Internet. At the National Research Council, the Institute for Research in Construction ensures that all fire-related literature produced is stored in an Institutional Repository and posted on the Web in a freely available manner. In doing so, this system has provided fire researchers with a vehicle to improve visibility of their research, having pronounced advantages. For the fire community, the material is an excellent source of scholarly articles, reports, technical data and conference papers. A close examination of the Institute’s fire-related literature in Google Scholar reveals citation patterns which illustrate the value of open-access, free literature to fire researchers.

More and more academic journals adopt an open-access policy, by which articles are accessible free of charge, while publication costs are recovered through author fees. We study the consequences of this open access policy on a journal’s quality standard. If the journal’s objective was to maximize social welfare, open access would be optimal as long as the positive externalities generated by its diffusion exceed the marginal cost of distribution. However, we show that if an open access journal has a different objective (such as maximizing readers’ utility, the impact of the journal or its profit), it tends to choose a quality standard below the socially efficient level.

Scholars have tended to recommend optimal solutions for coping with open-access problems related to common-pool resources such as fisheries, forests and water systems. Examples exist of both successful and unsuccessful efforts to rely on private property, government property and community property. After briefly reviewing how the often-recommended solutions have worked in the field, I suggest that institutional theorists move from touting simple, optimal solutions to analysing adaptive, multi-level governance as related to complex, evolving resource systems.

A cybercatalog to the Apioceridae (apiocerid flies) of the Afrotropical Region is provided. Each taxon entry includes links to open-access, online repositories such as ZooBank, BHL/BioStor/BLR, Plazi, GBIF, Morphbank, EoL, and a research web-site to access taxonomic information, digitized literature, morphological descriptions, specimen occurrence data, and images. Cybercatalogs as the one presented here will need to become the future of taxonomic catalogs taking advantage of the growing number of online repositories, linked data, and be easily updatable. Comments on the deposition of the holotype of Apiocera braunsi Melander, 1907 are made.

A brief idea

A brief idea

A brief idea

Active fund managers implicitly promise to research profitable portfolio selection. But active management is an experience good subject to moral hazard. Investors cannot tell high from low quality up front and therefore fear manager shirking. We show how the parties mitigate the moral hazard by paying the manager a premium fee sufficiently high that the manager's one-time gain from shirking is less than the capitalized value of the premium stream he earns from maintaining his promise to provide high quality. Premium advisory fees act as a quality-assuring bond. Our model has a number of revealing extensions and comparative statics.

In 2013, Jeffrey Beall published an attack on the open-access scholarship movement in tripleC: “The Open-Access Movement Is Not Really About Open Access”. This article examines the claims and arguments of that contribution. Beall’s article makes broad generalizations about open-access advocates with very little supporting evidence, but his rhetoric provides good examples of what Albert O. Hirschman called the “rhetoric of reaction”. Specifically, it provides examples of the perversity thesis, the futility thesis, and the jeopardy thesis in action. While the main argument is both unsound and invalid, it does show a rare example of reactionary rhetoric from a librarian.

Sharing drafts of scientific manuscripts on preprint hosting services for early exposure and pre-publication feedback is a well-accepted practice in fields such as physics, astronomy, or mathematics. The field of neuroscience, however, has yet to adopt the preprint model. A reason for this reluctance might partly be the lack of central preprint services for the field of neuroscience. To address this issue, we announce the launch of Preprints of the R-fMRI Network (PRN), a community funded preprint hosting service. PRN provides free-submission and free hosting of manuscripts for resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) and neuroscience related studies. Submitted articles are openly discussed and receive feedback from readers and a panel of invited consultants from the R-fMRI Network. All manuscripts and feedback are freely accessible online with citable permanent URL for open-access. The goal of PRN is to supplement the peer reviewed journal publication system – by more rapidly communicating the latest research achievements throughout the world. We hope PRN would help the field to embrace the preprint model and thus further accelerate R-fMRI and neuroscience related studies, eventually enhancing human mental health.

In a free-market scenario, power system planning is affected by a significant degree of uncertainty about time and location of generating assets expansion. The paper contains a methodology for the evaluation of the flexibility, defined as the attitude of the transmission system to adapt, quickly and with limited costs, to every change, from the initial planning conditions, with a particular regard to the changes in generation. The method provides new global and local flexibility indices, based on technical and economical parameters, defined as Technical Uncertainty Scenarios Flexibility Index (T-USFI) and Technical Economical Uncertainty Scenarios Flexibility Index (TE-USFI). The T-USFI computation segment of methodology has been tested on simple networks.

This paper outlines how the self-access programme of an Intensive English Language Programme evolved over a number of years. It documents the changes which were incorporated into the programme in order to ensure that it would provide a positive relevant learning experience for students which would enable them to develop new learning skills and strategies. The experience demonstrates that self-access does not 'just happen' when all the relevant components are put in a room together and identifies the problems which were encountered. The paper presents the solutions and the criteria which were established for the self-access programme, specifically those related to the aims of the programme, and the roles for teachers and learners. The need for teacher and learner training is explored along with the facility for reflection. The annual student evaluation of the programme provided informative data which contributed to shaping the changes. The resulting trends demonstrated in the data reinforce and support the need for a focused approach in autonomous learning and self-access programmes for both students and teachers.

iForest is the new open-access journal published by SISEF, aiming at publishing innovative and original research in forest science. iForest open access policy combined with a fast on-line publishing system, aims at facilitating universal and rapid dissemination of scientific information, ultimately also enhancing citation opportunities of published manuscripts. This user-friendly policy is therefore expected to be advantageous to both readers and authors, and to ultimately lead to a larger impact on a wide and interdisciplinary scientific community. iForest offers a challenge to us and an opportunity to authors that are committed with progresses in science.

The plant sciences are now facing an unprecedented time in our history in which technology is advancing at a rapid pace, creating a wide variety of novel opportunities for our field. Applications in Plant Sciences is a new source for sharing exciting and innovative applications of new technologies that have the potential to propel plant research forward into the future.

Modsat humaniora, så har flere naturvidenskabelige fag, så som partikel- og astrofysik, har gennem flere år opbygget et publikationsmønster, der hænger nøje sammen med udviklingen hen mod fuldstændig ”open-access” til forskningen indenfor disse fag (Dorch 2006): Det vil sige, at det er muligt for alle forskere, og for offentligheden, at finde fuldtekstudgaver på nettet, af stort set alle forskningsartikler inden for disse områder, og det samme gælder naturligvis for undervisere, studerende, journalister og beslutningstagere. Ifølge 2006-ranglisten fra det anerkendte Times Higher Education Supplement (THES), er det Humanistiske Fakultet på Københavns Universitet det 26. bedste humanistiske fakultet på verdensplan, det 9. bedste i Europa og det bedste i Norden. Ikke desto mindre har humaniora problemer med kvantitativt at demonstrere kvaliteten af humanistisk forskning (Faurbæk 2007): Eksempelvis indførte det Humanistisk Fakultet på Københavns Universitet i foråret 2007 en lokal forskningskvalitetsmodel, for at undgå at universitetet tilbageholdt et større millionbeløb i forskningskroner fra humaniora-området. Påstanden i det følgende er, at disse problemer i hovedsagen er en konsekvens af manglende synlighed af humanistisk forskning, bland andet på grund af den lave repræsentation af humaniora i internationale litteraturdatabaser: Selvom der i princippet findes citations- og litteraturdatabaser for humaniora, for eksempel ISI Thomsons “Arts and Humanities Citation Index” i Web of Science, så svarer indholdet af disse databaser kun til en forholdsvis lille brøkdel af den danske humanioraforskning.; According to the 2006 list from Times Higher Education Supplement (THES) the Faculty of Humanities at Copenhagen University is number 26 in the world. Nonetheless, the quality of arts and humanities research is difficult to quantify (Faurbæk 2007), and as a consequence various research assesment models have been proposed. The argument in this paper is, that the problem of assessing research within the arts and humanities stem from the lack of visibility of the research output of these subjects.