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Khunsa Junaid,1 Hassan Ali,2 Ali Akram Khan,3 Taimoor Akram Khan,4 Aabish Mehreen Khan,5 Amjad Khan,6 Rabia Nazim,7 Khadija Tahira8 1Department of Public Health, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Public Health, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 3Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan; 4Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan; 5Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan; 6Department of Public Health, University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; 7Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan; 8Department of Public Health, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, PakistanCorrespondence: Khunsa JunaidDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, 75500, PakistanEmail khunsajunaidmir@gmail.comBackground: Depression is defined as a psychiatric disorder characterized by depressed mood, lack of concentration, diminished energy, disturbed sleep, and low self-esteem. Depression is more prevalent in HIV/AIDS patients than the general population. There is no published study available that reveals the present status of depression among HIV patients in Pakistan. As such, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of depression among HIV/AIDS patients attending the HIV clinic of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from February to March 2019 in Lahore. Data were collected from 158 HIV/AIDS patients using a pretested, standardized, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to recruit the study participants. Depression was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression models were used to determine the various factors associated with depression. AORs with 95% CIs were used to assess the magnitude of associations between depression and associated factors.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 35.03 years± 9.123. Prevalence of depression among HIV/AIDS patients was 32.2%. Living in a rural area (AOR 5.60, 95% CI 2.20, 14.15), fear of stigma and discrimination (AOR 3.505, 95% CI 1.364, 9.008), having worked abroad (AOR 3.017, 95% CI 1.134, 8.031), and history of substance abuse (AOR 4.147, 95% CI 1.673, 10.28) were significantly associated with depression.Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among HIV/AIDS patients is very high in Pakistan. Therefore, it is suggested that guidelines formulated to screen and treat depression among HIV patients.Keywords: depression, HIV/AIDS, convenience sampling, PHQ9 scale

Chang-hong Zhang,1 Ge Li,2 Zhao-ya Fan,1 Xiao-jun Tang,1 Fan Zhang1 1School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China; 2The Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fan ZhangSchool of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail epicqmu@163.comPurpose: A much higher prevalence of alexithymia has been found in medical students compared with the general population. This study aimed to test the potential mediating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between childhood trauma and alexithymia in Chinese medical students, thereby providing clues for future interventions aimed at dealing with alexithymia in this population.Methods: Convenience cluster sampling was used to recruit 1200 medical students in Chongqing, China. This cross-sectional study utilised the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire. A structural equation model with maximum likelihood was used to study the mediating effect presented in the aim, and the significance of the mediating effect was examined by the bootstrap method. Multiple-group invariance analyses were also conducted to confirm the stability of the model.Results: A total of 1018 were identified to have valid responses with a rate of 84.83%. 38.4% were males, 61.6% were females. The prevalence of alexithymia was 16.5%. Results of structural equation model showed that childhood trauma was positively related to alexithymia, with a standard path coefficient of 0.219 (C.R.=6.644, P< 0.001). The partial mediating effect of psychological capital was 0.060 (P< 0.001), accounting for 21.51% of the total effect of childhood trauma on alexithymia. Results of bootstrap method showed that the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence interval did not contain 0, and the multiple-group invariance analyses showed that the p values of the changes in the degrees of freedom and chi-square value were greater than 0.05, thus confirming the stability of the model.Conclusion: Childhood trauma was a direct predictor of alexithymia among Chinese medical students, and the relationship between these two was partially mediated by psychological capital. Therefore, interventions aimed at enhancing psychological capital in this population may be effective at diminishing alexithymia.Keywords: childhood trauma, alexithymia, psychological capital, medical students, mediating effect, interventions

Jingyuan Lin,1,* Tianyou Guo,2,* Benjamin Becker,3 Qian Yu,2 Si-Tong Chen,4 Stubbs Brendon,5 Md Mahbub Hossain,6 Paolo M Cunha,7 Fernanda Cunha Soares,8 Nicola Veronese,9 Jane Jie Yu,10 Igor Grabovac,11 Lee Smith,12 Albert Yeung,13 Liye Zou,2 Hong Li1 1Research Centre of Brain Function and Psychological Science; Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China; 2Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China; 3The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia; 5Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; 6Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; 7Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná 86010-580, Brazil; 8Superior School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; 9Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo 90100, Italy; 10Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong; 11Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria; 12The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; 13Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong LiResearch Centre of Brain Function and Psychological Science; Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail lihongwrm@vip.sina.comPurpose: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and associated restrictive measures have implications for depressive symptoms (henceforth depression) of young people and risk may be associated with their reduced physical activity (PA) level. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and PA among college students with different gender and gender role (masculinity traits and femininity traits) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Participants and Methods: Cross-sectional study included 628 healthy college students from nineteen different locations. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scales (CES-D), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the 50-item Chinese Sex-Role Inventory (CSRI-50) were used to measure depressive symptoms, PA continuous (weekly metabolic equivalent minutes, MET-minutes/week) and categorical indicators (activity level category) and gender role, respectively. The statistical analyses were used in partial correlation analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, moderation model tests, and linear regression model tests.Results: Total of 34.72% participants had clinically relevant depression (16, CES-D scale). Total of 58.6% participants were classified as a “low” activity level for spending less time on PA. Depression significantly negatively correlated with MET-minutes/week in moderate-intensity PA but not vigorous and walking scores. Of note, the depression-PA association was only moderated by the “low” activity level group in terms of categorical scores across gender groups. Participants with higher masculinity traits were less likely to have depression among all participants. Moreover, more recovered cases and fewer deaths could also predict the lower depression risk in the “high” activity level group.Conclusion: Moderate-intensity PA is beneficial for reducing depression risk among college students at a low activity level. College students with fewer masculinity traits (regardless of gender) are highly vulnerable to depression during the outbreak of COVID-19. Effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic seems critical to alleviating the burden of mental disorders of the public including depression.Keywords: depression, physical activity, gender, masculinity, femininity, COVID-19

The level of drug use and free sex behavior in Indonesia is still very high, as much as 28% and 32%, including in one area in a big city, after referred to as the BU area. Based on initial interviews with BU residents, adolescents in BU areas are predominantly drug users and perpetrators of free sex when they knew residents try to cover up and keep quiet. Starting from the desire of BU citizen to change, researchers conducted research using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to provide behavior change interventions for changes in BU residents. Research participants were members of the youth organization consisting of 15 people. Participants selected because they understand and share values ​​and culture with BU residents. Based on the results of the study, all of the participants who experienced changes had the intention to change. Increase in the cognitive realm, helping participants change internal who has an impact on behavior change. The behavior that initially pretended not to know turned into real action, such as listening to stories of unexposed adolescents so as not to be exposed to drugs and free sex and suggesting more positive activities.

The existence of transgender in social life still leaves many problems. Negative stigma and discrimination are already firmly attached to them. This problem certainly requires handling so that the negative mindset of transgender women does not only put to something horrible in nature. They also cannot be separated from their natural tendency as religious humans (homo-religious). This study seeks to reveal the religiosity side of transgender women and how they actualize their religious-selves. Because of this reason, the researcher uses the concept of Maslow as self-actualization, then Stark and Glock as religious commitment in the framework of qualitative-phenomenological research. In-depth interviews, observation, and documentation are techniques in extracting data, then analyzed inductively. The results of this study found that the fact, transgender religious behavior fulfills the five dimensions of religion as per the conceptual framework of Stark and Glock as religious commitment. Second, the self-actualization of transgender women in their religious-life also shows that they have an inner need through Nurul Iman jamiyyah. They follow recitation consistently where the senior transgender (adult) has moved to religious maturity that manifested in their daily life by the religious commitment and always follow jamiyyah, and encourage younger transgender women to keep trying to carry out religious-teachings.

Crime as premeditated murder is one of the main problems in Indonesia. The prevalence of murder cases tends to increase. Personality characteristics that play a role in the case of premeditated murder are unique. Prison convicts have varied and unique personality compared to people in general. A test uses to find out the personality traits that were needed to administer. Thus, the diagnosis and application of intervention were preciseness. The measuring instrument employed in this study was the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). This study aims to determine the psychopathological indications of convicted murder cases in MMPI-2. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with one participant planning murder who was serving a prison sentence of 20 years. The result is participants had a psychopathological predisposition to schizophrenia (84 = very high), paranoia (83 = very high), and hypomania (81 = very high). A prisoner with this kind of psychopathological predisposition tended to feel insecure, lonely, anxious, and depressed but sometimes also felt happy or have excessive energy. The participant also avoided social relations and did not want to involve emotions deeply. The results of MMPI-2 showed that the characteristics of schizophrenia, paranoid, hypomania might encourage someone to commit sadistic behavior such as serial killings

Every human who lives in the world has aspirations for prosperity in his life. This well-being is not only materially, but also psychological well-being. However, the increasing density of the physical environment will potentially lead to the perception of crowding and have an impact on the psychological well-being of individuals. This study aims to investigate the effect of distress on psychological well-being in the community in Kampung Biru Arema Malang. This study uses a quantitative correlational design with regression analysis to determine the effect of the crowding variable on the psychological well-being variable. Respondents selected as samples in this study were 38 people who were residents of Kampung Biru Arema. The samples were conducted research using non-probability sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data collected by using two scales, the scale of distress and the psychological well-being scale. The results of this study indicate that adversity has a significant negative influence as a predictor of psychological well-being in communities in Kampung Biru Arema Malang (t hitung= -3,213; p

Attribution style is one of the most relevant concepts in predicting academic achievement. Various researches have tried to study the factors that influence the attribution style. Several factors such as gender, ethnicity, and social class have been widely discussed in scientific publications. However, since Bernard Weiner first developed attribution theory more than 40 years ago, there have been changes in a social condition that might have affected various attribution factors. This review aims to see the latest developments in the factors that influence the attribution of academic achievement. A systematic search of articles published in 3 English-language international publishers since 2010 identified a total of 6 studies, which included 132.293 students from various nations. An assessment that measured qualities of a research in 4 areas: research design, sampling, measurement, and analysis identified 3 high-quality research and 3 moderate-quality research. The result shows that ethnic factors confirm the findings from previous studies. Researches on gender factors provide new insights regarding the attribution style of female students. Besides, new factors emerge, such as school stratification and the attribution style of parents over their life events.

College students are individuals who enter the transition from adolescence to adulthood. In this period, they have more opportunities to explore various values and lifestyles. Individuals are looking for experiences that will eventually form personalities. Personality can influence individuals who make risky decisions. Decision-making immediately without prior consideration can make them behave impulsively without thinking about the effect. This study aims to determine the effect of big five personalities on impulsive buying behavior on students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach, the collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis results obtained three conclusions, 1) Most of the students of economics and business at Airlangga University Surabaya have big five personalities that tend to be dominant; 2) Most of the economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya have low impulsive buying behavior; 3) Big five personality influences impulsive buying behavior in economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya, conscientiousness has a greater influence than extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness to experience.

Early age marriages have become widely reported through various media both print and electronic media, because early marriage is one of the causes of divorce in Indonesia. Divorce due to early marriage raises social problems in the community, such as high dropout rates for students, poverty, crime. The emergence of early marriage is caused by the low awareness of adolescents to understand Law number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. This study discusses the understanding of law number 1 of 1974 concerning marriages which plays a role for adolescents to postpone early marriage in Indonesia. This research method uses a quantitative approach, involving 213 adolescent subjects with an age range of 17-22 years. Retrieval of data using a questionnaire that is the attitude of understanding marriage law, life satisfaction, resilience, and delaying early marriage. Analysis of research data using Spearman RHO correlation and non-linear regression. The results showed that the attitude of understanding marital law plays a role in delaying early marriage in adolescents in Indonesia.

Many previous studies have tried to find therapies in dealing with poor sleep quality in women. Where many researchers find that women are more likely to have poor sleep quality than men. Therefore, this study is to prove the effectiveness of wudu as a psychotherapy for sleep quality. This research is a quantitative pre-experimental research with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Research respondents were determined by the purposive sampling technique (N = 17) all of them were young women. To measure sleep quality using the Sleep Quality Scale developed by Yi, Shin, and Shin (2006). Data analysis techniques using the Paired Samples T-Test technique using the help of JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program) version: 0.8.5.1. This study found that wudu therapy is effective in improving sleep quality in young women by focusing on increasing satisfaction with sleep which consists of three indicators namely: 1) Satisfaction Level with overall sleep; 2) Sleep tight; 3) Enough sleep.

Social media has become a new way for people to communicate with others. Social media is media on the internet that allows users to present themselves, work together, share, communicate with other users form social bonds virtually, and express themselves. Their identity is built by offline and online interaction. This condition makes its uniqueness when someone behaves in communicating and expressing themselves on social media. This study aims to describe internet-based behavior on digital natives, especially in posting content on social media. This research used a descriptive qualitative method, through structured interviews with 84 students aged 18-23 years, male and female gender. The data obtained analyzed by coding. The results show that the media gives satisfaction and makes them survive to use it actively and provides the availability of information, entertainment, and connection with their social life. Feelings of insecurity in using social media are closely related to the social consequences that will get and manifested through restrictions on access is allowed to view account content. The purpose of posting is different, but many illustrate needed for self-expression and desire to provide social influence in the form of direct feedback or the delivery of their thoughts to fellow users.

To improve service performance in organizations for individuals with intellectual disability, the authors tested an intervention based on collaborative teams. Specifically, professionals and families cooperated in the design and implementation of projects to improve the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disability. We considered two service performance indicators reported by family members (N = 342; 78% women; and a mean age of 57.17 years): service quality and self-determination communication openness. Our results revealed that family members assigned to the experimental condition improved their service quality evaluations from pre-intervention to postintervention, whereas family members assigned to the control condition did not change their evaluations. The intervention was not effective for communication openness. Perceptions remained stable in family members who participated in the teams (experimental condition), whereas communication openness decreased in family members in the control condition. We discuss the implications of our findings for service research.

Job quality is critical for policy makers, but little is known about the factors that shape perceived job quality among employees. This study aimed to explore the importance of several traditional job quality indicators: employment characteristics (type of contract, employment relationship, schedule predictability) and educational misfit (horizontal, vertical) in predicting perceived job quality. Additionally, the moderating roles of preferred employment characteristics and gender were tested. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted in a sample of 562 Spanish employees. The results demonstrated that all the indicators, except schedule predictability, were related (and contributed equally) to perceived job quality. Gender moderated the interaction effect between the current and preferred employment relationship. For women, the full-time preference boosted the effect of full-time jobs on perceived job quality, whereas for men, the part-time preference boosted this effect. The findings indicate the importance of adopting a contextual approach to perceived job quality, considering individuals’ preferred employment characteristics and gender.

Organizations and age management are key factors for achieving sustainable workplaces and careers. Thus, it is important to understand how different types of organizations deliver Human Resource (HR) practices to employees at different stages of life and how those employees perceive them. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze age differences in the implementation and perception of HR practices in three organizational types (social, public, and for-profit). Three age groups were considered (employees under 35, from 35 to 50, and over 50 years). HR practices were measured as reported by 159 managers (implemented practices) and by their 1524 employees (perceived practices). Separated ANOVAs were conducted to test hypotheses. Results show significant differences among age groups, showing support for three different models of age management in different organizational types.

Problem: Virtual teams with faultlines face challenges due to their dispersion, diversity, and virtuality, which can diminish their performance. To resolve this issue, team emotional management (TEM) interventions foster teams’ collaboration capability, that is, the team’s ability to build and manage relationships based on trust, commitment, and communication. Goals: This research aimed to analyse whether a TEM intervention can enhance team performance by improving the collaboration capability in virtual teams with faultlines. Method: Fifty-two four-member teams participated in an experiment with repeated measures (three measurement times). Teams were randomly assigned to either a TEM intervention or a control condition. Main results: The TEM intervention had a positive effect on trust and commitment, but not on communication. Moreover, trust and commitment fully mediated the effect of the TEM intervention on performance. Main implications: Our findings showed the relevance of a TEM intervention in improving the collaboration capability and performance in virtual teams with faultlines. This study contributes to research on faultlines, affect management in virtual teams, and computer-mediated communication.

Improving safety culture and safety performance is a constant concern for companies operating in high-risk environments. For almost two decades, IDOCAL (the Research Institute of Personnel Psychology, Organizational Development and Quality of Working Life) has been contributing to advancing our understanding of these important concepts through theoretical development and empirical research. The objective of this article is to synthesize these contributions. Some of the most prominent are (1) the development of a framework for the evaluation of safety culture and its correlates based on the AMIGO model, (2) the establishment of the empowering leadership model as a valuable concept in safety leadership, and (3) the establishment of a three-dimensional safety performance model. In addition, the researchers within IDOCAL have made great progress in understanding the main predictors of safety performance, including empowering leadership and safety culture. Within this paper, IDOCAL’s plans to advance this line of research in the coming years, by extending it from the nuclear power sector to other high-risk industries, are also outlined.

O artigo apresenta uma experiência de pesquisa realizada em um município da Grande Vitória/ES no campo da educação pública, intitulada Programa de Formação e Investigação em Saúde e Trabalho. Visa a dar evidência ao modo como a pesquisa se efetivou, vislumbrando processos formativos no campo da educação com o objetivo de implantar Comissões de Saúde do Trabalhador. A proposta das comissões teve como direção metodológica as comunidades ampliadas de pesquisa para o exercício coletivo de análise da atividade docente. A direção metodológica foi a da pesquisa-intervenção e a produção de dados se efetivou a partir das narrativas produzidas nas rodas de conversa e do diário de campo. Apresenta como foram construídos esses instrumentos e ferramentas de análise para incrementar o debate sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores na Educação. Indica, ainda, o modo como a pesquisa, a partir da constituição de um fórum intersetorial buscou a experimentação da implementação de comissões de saúde do trabalhador da educação nas escolas. Os resultados indicam que a estratégia das Comissões por local de trabalho é um potente instrumento para intervir nas condições adversas de trabalho nas escolas.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar, de forma comparativa, os impactos da norma de responsabilidade social empresarial e a discriminação das mulheres negras, na indústria de transformação sergipana. Para tanto, foram utilizados os microdados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MET) de 2007/2008 e 2013/2014. A partir da análise dos dados, nota-se, em relação à discriminação de gênero, uma tendência à predominância masculina no setor da indústria de transformação sergipana. Os dados indicam também que não apenas o sexo feminino é aquele com menor presença no setor industrial, mas é a mulher de cor preta que possui os menores percentuais de inclusão no setor industrial sergipano. Esse cenário comparativo de discriminação de gênero e raça pouco se alterou com a introdução da norma de responsabilidade social empresarial, a partir da década de 1990.

Esta entrevista é motivada pelo interesse em debater o impacto e os desdobramentos das contribuições da ergonomia de Alain Wisner para a análise do trabalho. A entrevistada, Leda Leal Ferreira, médica do trabalho e ergonomista aposentada pela Fundacentro, faz parte de um grupo de pesquisadores brasileiros que empreenderam formação em ergonomia com Wisner na França e, em seguida, contribuíram para o desenvolvimento dessa disciplina no Brasil. A entrevistada fala sobre sua formação na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e no Conservatório Nacional das Artes e Ofícios (CNAM, na sigla em francês), e trata da relevância do médico francês para o desenvolvimento da ergonomia brasileira. Explica, resumidamente, as semelhanças e distinções entre a Análise Coletiva do Trabalho, método por ela desenvolvido, e a Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho, desenvolvido por Wisner. Observando o contexto político em que se deu a entrevista, fala dos desafios enfrentados pelas abordagens que visam à melhoria das condições de trabalho diante de um quadro de crescente fragilização das relações laborais e das reformulações das políticas de segurança e saúde no trabalho.

Los estudios sobre el mundo del trabajo y las articulaciones de los hombres en su contexto impregnan diferentes perspectivas y perspectivas, lo que implica una diversidad de analisis. A partir de una revision de la literatura, a la luz de la teoria critica en los estudios organizacionales, este ensayo teorico tiene como objetivo discutir las reflexiones de la ideologia gerencialista en la organizacion del trabajo y la enfermedad mental del trabajador. En el contexto de la sociedad de consumo, marcada por el neoliberalismo y la racionalidad de la economia capitalista, hacer carrera y tener exito asume valores esenciales en el universo subjetivo de los trabajadores. En este momento, por fascinacion y seduccion, explicito en el vinculo afectivo, la devocion, el reconocimiento a traves del trabajo, la canalizacion de la energia libidinal y otros mecanismos de "gestion del afecto", la ideologia gerencial juega con la subjetividad del trabajador y manipula su inconsciente, movilizando los sentidos y reforzando las posiciones hegemonicas y la asimetria de poder. Los conflictos derivados de la relacion entre el hombre y el trabajo se colocan a nivel psicologico y generan angustia psicologica, agotamiento y trastornos psicosomaticos.

O artigo se baseia em um estudo sobre a vivência do assédio moral por servidores técnico-administrativos de uma instituição federal de ensino superior de Minas Gerais. A pesquisa teve por objetivos identificar a ocorrência desse problema, suas consequências e possíveis ações de prevenção. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade. Por meio das entrevistas, tentou-se obter informações sobre as características pessoais dos sujeitos em conflito, as particularidades do seu trabalho e o contexto organizacional. Participaram da pesquisa doze servidores que foram ou não vítimas de assédio moral, tendo sido escolhidos, inicialmente, por indicação do sindicato da categoria e, posteriormente, pelo método de Snowball (Bola de Neve). Os resultados confirmam outros obtidos em instituições de ensino superior, revelando formas importantes de violência moral nesse contexto e sugerindo a presença de um grupo dominante na instituição, que dita normas e regras de comportamento, favorecendo o abuso. Tudo isso aponta a necessidade de medidas de prevenção e combate ao problema, além da sua divulgação, dando publicidade a tais formas de conduta, para que todos possam reconhecê-las, denunciá-las e, se possível, preveni-las.

Academic procrastination in students is a determining factor for the success of students in completing their studies. Engagement with the community and the ability of students to organize themselves in learning also play a role in academic procrastination. This study aims to determine the relationship of Sense of Community (SoC) and Self -Regulated Learning (SRL) with Academic Procrastination. The population of this study was all UMSIDA students in the odd semester of 2018-2019 academic year with the total number of 9824 students and the total sample based on Isaac and Michael's table with an 5% error rate were 385 students with a proportioned random sampling technique. Research data collection used three psychological scales, namely the scale of academic procrastination, the scale of the sense of community, and the scale of self-regulated learning. Analysis of research data used was product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that the Sense of Community and Self-Regulated Learning have a negative relationship with academic procrastination. If students perceive themselves to have a Sense of Community and high Self-Regulated Learning, they will tend to reduce their academic procrastination. However, the Self-Regulated Learning prediction on academic procrastination is higher than the Sense of Community on academic procrastination.

Teachers’ attitude is an important factor that influences the quality of the implementation of inclusive education. The quality of inclusive education is part of the quality of education in general in a country. The quality of education of countries around the world is measured by the United Nations using the Human Development Index and placing countries in the very high, high, medium, and low categories. Systematic review was carried out to get an idea of ​​the attitudes of teachers towards inclusive education and the factors that influence it in countries based on the HDI category. By using three electronic search engines for academic data, namely EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Taylor & Francis Online, 18 articles reporting teacher attitudes towards inclusive education in various countries were discussed. The results found that there were no differences in teacher attitudes towards inclusive education between countries with very high and high HDI categories with countries in the moderate HDI category. Knowledge of children with disabilities and teaching experiences of these children is known to influence the attitudes of teachers towards inclusive education in countries with all HDI categories. The support from community, the availability of professional assistance, and the length of the implementation of inclusive education are factors that influence the attitudes of teachers in very high and high HDI categories countries, while the negative perception of disability makes teachers held negative attitudes towards inclusive education. Recommendations for improving the review of this topic are discussed in this study

This study aims to reveal non cognitive predictors of student task persistence. This study used confirmatory factor analysis to demonstrate predictor factors of the Students task persistence based on theory. The instrument of this study was a perception questionnaire on 210 students of the Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculties of UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Factors tested from confirmatory factor analysis were learning motivation, self-efficacy, time on task and effort of task. The results showed that the non cognitive predictors of student task persistence based on the magnitude of successive influences were learning motivation, then time on task, self-efficacy and effort of task

Affair is one of the causes of divorce. Research conducted by Glass and Staeheli (2003) states that men tend to have affair more than women. This matter could arouse negative impact on all aspects of a woman's life as a wife. One of the impacts that is the wife becomes closed to others (Zalafi, 2015). The purpose of this study is to see a picture of self-disclosure in early adult women who have been cheated on. The study was conducted with qualitative methods and data collection was taken by observation and interview method for four subjects. The sampling technique used is criterion sampling. The subjects of this study were women aged 20-40 years, were married, and had been cheated by her husband. The results showed that the four subjects managed to do self-disclosure regarding the problem of affair committed by her husband. However, there is one subject that does not meet one dimension of self-disclosure

Educational – Psychology is one part of the Psychology and it is an application of Educational – psychology Science. In the Islamic school, the jobs and role of education psychologist are handed by the School Counselor. One of the junior high school in Pare often finds cases dealing with the students’ discipline. These cases mostly handed by the homeroom teacher, vice headmaster and headmaster. So far the cases found are dealing with the disciple while other cases haven’t handled maximally. The unhandled cases bring problems for the school especially the system of Islamic school. The objective of the research is to comprehend more about the existing cases by applying psychology assessment process. This process is about to apply deeper observation and interview. In other side, the role of counselor is found not maximum. As the intervention of the problem, the researcher applies the followings: 1. set a module of counseling, 2. propose a counselor, 3. create a job analysis for the counselor. The set of intervention has been done. Although the change is not maximal, the activity has been ended. However, the result is a recommendation to be followed up by the Islamic school

Nationalism as a love of the homeland, or attitude to love the nation and its own country. Nationalism must be developed from the beginning through the role of parenting parenting of children in the family. In addition, nationalism also grows in the life of adolescents who have life satisfaction. On the other hand, parenting also plays an important role in meeting the satisfaction of the lives of teenagers in the family. This research intends to know the role of parenting to the satisfaction of life and the attitude of teen nationalism. Data collection with the questionnaire is parenting parenting, life satisfaction and nationalism. Retrieved data of 220 adolescents. Analytical technique using anova and regression. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: there is no difference in nationalism attitude in terms of parental parenting; there are differences in life satisfaction in terms of parental parenting, and there is a role of life satisfaction with the attitude of nationalism in adolescents. Furthermore, the results can be seen in the discussion

Introduction: Value coaching is an inseparable part of education, which can be a powerful means of warding off negative influences in the globalization era. Main objectives: Regarding the importance of value coaching, this study aims to describe Kiai's leadership program in building a value system in Islamic boarding schools (IBS). Background problems: The study was also conducted in response to the existing symptom among young people that shows their ignorance of values and morals in social manners. Novelty : The study on Kiai’s program is intended to cover a value system based on transcendent values in instilling the students’ values. Research Method : This research used a qualitative method, and the research subjects consisted of Kiai , Ustadz (teacher), and Santri (students). The data were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were then validated by triangulation and processed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings: The results revealed that the role of the Kiai had designed the value system program from upstream to downstream for IBSs. Conclusion : It is concluded that the projection of Islamic boarding schools in the future is the idealism of the Kiai's thinking, which continues to change and develop in line with the development of the IBSs. This finding's implication is the importance of systematic follow-up of value system implementation to achieve better goals.

Orientation: Call centres in a digital work environment in Africa typically require high levels of sustained interpersonal contact with customers, which lead to exhaustion and call centre agent withdrawal. Research purpose: This study investigates the interaction effects between call centre agents’ emotional intelligence and their sense of meaningfulness (as moderating mechanism) in predicting their exhaustion and professional efficacy. Motivation for the study: Human resource practitioners need deeper understanding/insight of meaningfulness as a moderating mechanism in the link between call centre agents’ emotional intelligence, levels of exhaustion and sense of professional efficacy. Such knowledge is important for informing wellness programmes for call centre agents. Research approach/design and method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey approach was followed. A non-probability sample of (N = 409) of permanently employed call centre employees in Lagos, Nigeria, and Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa participated in this study. Main findings: Moderated regression analysis showed that call centre agents’ sense of meaningfulness and the ability to perceive and manage others’ emotions significantly moderates exhaustion and professional efficacy. Practical/managerial implications: Overall the results provide evidence of the importance of considering call centre agents’ sense of meaningfulness, perceptions of emotions and managing others’ emotions as a resource for supporting their exhaustion levels as well as professional efficacy in dealing with stress. Contribution/value-add: The research will add to the interventions needed to be developed to strengthen the relationship between sense of meaningfulness, perceptions of emotions and managing others’ emotions and exhaustion and professional efficacy in the call centre industry within Lagos, Nigeria, and Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa.

Orientation: The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) creates numerous organisational changes. New technologies and their influences are studied; however, hardly any research focuses on studying the unconscious systems psychodynamics (SPs). Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and understand feelings in an organisational 4IR context from a SP perspective. Motivation for the study: Scholars have recently issued calls to shift attention from describing the 4IR processes in terms of rapid structural, technological and disruptive changes towards the understanding of subjective ‘lived-through’ feelings and experiences and in situ responses to 4IR events. Based on this shift, the authors aim at exploring the ‘lived-through’ experiences in this study from a SP viewpoint. Research approach/design and method: This article presents findings from a qualitative study conducted in a technology organisation, analysing 16 interviews with managers in middle and top management positions. Main findings: The findings show SP playing out in terms of splitting, projection, projective identification and idealisation. Findings with regard to the five fundamental systemic behavioural conventions (dependency, flight/fight, pairing, me-ness, one-ness or we-ness) are also presented. Practical/managerial implications: Managers experience anxiety and excitement as strongly influential in the 4IR transformational processes and as playing an important role in SP processes. Contributions/value-add: Organisations and employees need to be made aware of the new trends in the 4IR and the underlying unconscious processes within the organisation. Employees could undergo training to improve their understanding of intra- and inter-psychological and organisational processes and the impact on organisational change and transformation within the 4IR contexts.

Orientation: Owing to the reliance on volunteer labour for their success, the behaviour and attitudes of volunteers is of central concern to non-profit organisations (NPOs). To optimise volunteer functioning and retention in a unique and challenging work context, it is necessary to understand their well-being. Research purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the work–life experiences of volunteers to better understand the manifestations of well-being in the volunteering work context. Motivation for the study: Because of the unique and challenging work setting that constitutes volunteering, and the important contribution volunteers make to society and the economy, research is needed from an industrial and organisational psychology (IOP) perspective on the well-being of volunteers. Research approach/design and method: This study was directed by a hermeneutic phenomenological methodology. Eight volunteers from an NPO operating in the South African provincial health sector participated in in-depth interviews. The data obtained were analysed using a six-stage theoretical thematic analytical process. Main findings: Guided by ‘flourishing at work’ as the theoretical framework, four themes were co-constructed from the data: learning and growing in competence, demonstrating an engaged state of mind, exhibiting emotional well-being and feeling socially integrated and connected. Practical/managerial implications: The results of this study may assist NPOs in developing context-specific interventions aimed at managing and enhancing well-being in volunteers. Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the well-being of volunteers, who are considered a distinct workforce in the field of IOP.

Millennials form a large proportion of the labour market in India. Therefore, organizations are interested in knowing how to motivate them and maximize their performance. Accordingly, this study examined the relationship between mentoring and job performance among Indian millennials. Data was collected from 122 Indian millennial mentees, using a 23-item questionnaire on mentoring and job performance. Mentors also assessed mentees’ job performance. Correlation, regression, and SEM analyses confirmed that mentoring influenced total job performance, and contextual and task performance, in Indian millennials. These findings will help Indian organizations devise and implement more specific mentoring programs for millennials.

Researchers, like practitioners, often examine managerial coaching in isolation, focusing on the coach without considering the impact those being coached (i.e., coachees) have on the success of the coaching process. Thus, utilising a survey-based design, this paper explicates the behaviours of highly coachable employees – proactively seeking, demonstrating receptivity to, and implementing constructive feedback – and examines critical outcomes they achieve, while controlling for the influence of effective managerial coaching behaviours. Our findings demonstrate employee coachability drives individual job performance, adaptability, and promotability to a greater extent than effective managerial coaching behaviours.

This study explored the lived experience of four professionals who engaged in positive psychology coaching following an implicit association test and unconscious bias training. Unconscious bias training focuses on a human limitation, avoidance goals, and can result in defensiveness. In contrast, positive psychology coaching leverages strengths, intrinsically motivated approach goals and positive affect. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to analyse data gathered via semi-structured interviews. Findings reveal that participants were self-conscious about being perceived negatively and they experienced deep introspection and reflexivity. Participants also reported increased self-efficacy, motivation to improve and feeling safe to discuss previously avoided personal issues.

No abstract available.

Orientation: As the leaders of teams that compete at the highest level, elite South African rugby coaches face constant pressures to consistently lead their teams to successful on-field performances. An understanding of the leadership challenges they face may highlight actions that could equip them to achieve this more effectively. Research purpose: To investigate the leadership challenges experienced by the head coaches of elite South African rugby teams that compete on an international level. Motivation for the study: The leadership challenges faced by elite South African coaches could become clearly known only through investigation, and subsequently they could be properly addressed. Research approach/design and method: A qualitative approach with a phenomenological design was utilised, which collected data by means of in-depth interviews with the head coaches of elite South African rugby teams. Eleven teams were considered to be elite South African rugby teams for this study given that they competed on an international level. Ultimately, six participants were included, representing 54.5% of the total population. The general systems theory was also used as a theoretical basis to present findings. Main findings: The data revealed three main themes, namely environmental, relationships and personal leadership challenges. The data revealed that these coaches experience significant leadership challenges, some of which are unique to the South African context. Practical/managerial implications: It is believed that the implementation of suggested recommendations will assist in ensuring both the economic survival and overall leadership improvement of coaches and the teams they lead. Contribution/value add: Theoretically the study added to the limited literature on leadership in elite South African sport and practically it provided recommendations to address the findings as well as for further research.

Introduction: Patients of COVID-19 patients while in a hospital may have stigma, fear, and guilt among them. However, the data on anxiety among the admitted COVID-19 patients are lacking in India and elsewhere. Hence, the study was conducted among the admitted patient of COVID-19 to describe their anxiety status. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in a designated COVID-19 hospital in Delhi. The data were collected from October 22, 2020, to November 21, 2020. All patients who were admitted to the hospital for more than 72 h were eligible for participation. The data collection was done using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of two parts. One part was sociodemographic variables, and the other part was the Anxiety Scale. The anxiety score was collected on the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Results: A total of 132 eligible patients were admitted during the period. The questionnaire was answered by 122 (92.4%) patients. All patients were male. The patients' mean age was 33.5 years (standard deviation = 8.9 years), with a range of 21 years–65 years. The mean score of the Zung Self-Rating Scale was 29.5 (7.2), with an interquartile range of 24–33. There were only five patients (4.4%; 95% confidence interval: 1.3%–9.3%) whose scores were 45 or more, indicating mild-to-moderate anxiety. There was no statistically significant association between any sociodemographic variable and Anxiety Rating Scale. Conclusion: The anxiety level in the specialized population was low due to social security. The level of anxiety among health-care workers may be further explored.

Multiple choice test items typically consist of the key and 3-4 distractors. However, research has supported the efficacy of using fewer alternatives. Haladyna and Downing (1993) found that it is difficult to write test items with more than one plausible distractor, resulting in items with a correct answer and one alternative, also known as the alternate choice (AC) format. We constructed two 32-item tests; one with four alternatives (MC4) and one with two (AC), using an inter-judge agreement approach to eliminate distractors. Tests were administered to 138 personnel working for a U.S. Government agency. Testing time was significantly less and scores were higher for the AC test. However, score differences disappeared when both forms were corrected for guessing. There were no significant differences in test difficulty (mean p-values). The corrected KR-20 reliabilities for both forms, after applying the Spearman-Brown formula, were AC = .816 and MC4 = .893. We discuss the results with respect to the resources spent writing and reviewing test items, and in more broadly sampling a content domain using the AC format due to reduced testing times.

Background and Aim: Nurses are the main part of the health work force, performing their duties as frontline warriors against the novel coronavirus pandemic. Nurses involved in the care of infected (COVID-19) patients, may feel more discomfort physically, and experience greater psychological morbidities. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and stress among nurses in a designated COVID-19 hospital and variables that influence these psychological problems. Materials and Methods: Nurses working in the designated tertiary care hospital were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey (dated, 5–15 September 2020). A total sample size of 236 was calculated. A self-administered questionnaire regarding sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19-related experiences, perceived threat regarding COVID-19 and two scales (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 and Perceived Stress Scale-10) for assessment of anxiety, and stress was applied to nurses. Chi-square test and multiple regression analysis were used to investigate the predictors (risk and protective) of psychological morbidities in nurses. Results: On analysis of 209 participants, it was revealed that 65 (31.1%) participants have anxiety symptoms and 35.40% have moderate-to-high level of stress. Being proud of working in this profession was the only protective factor from such psychological morbidities. The identified risk factors for greater anxiety symptoms and moderate-to-high level stress were working experience of more than 10 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.36), direct involvement in care of suspected/diagnosed patients (OR = 3.4), feeling worried about being quarantined/isolated (OR = 1.69), and high risk of being infected at job (OR = 2.3 for anxiety and OR = 2.1 for moderate-to-high stress). Conclusions: Deteriorating psychic health of nurses is one of the major outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic in India which warrants the necessity of providing psychological support to all the nurses particularly those who are frontline workers and have working experience of more than 10 years and controlling the risk factors related to these problems.

Orientation: The orientation of the study was towards psychological capital (PsyCap) as a mediator of the influence authentic leadership (AL) has on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and intention to leave. Research purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of AL on OCB and intention to leave through PsyCap amongst public healthcare employees in South Africa. Motivation for the study: South African public healthcare needs effective leadership that is value based, transparent, supportive and exemplary in behaviour to be efficient and to provide quality service. By exploring the impact of AL and the process through which such a leader influences followers, the study sought to demonstrate that AL may be effective in achieving valued outcomes in the healthcare sector. Research approach/design and method: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional survey was used. A sample of 633 public healthcare employees was included in the study. Measuring instruments included the Authentic Leadership Inventory, a shortened version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Organisational Citizenship Behaviour Scale and the PSYCONES’ Intention to Leave Scale. Structural equation modelling was performed to evaluate the hypothesised measurement and structural models by using Mplus. Main findings: Results indicated that employees’ perceptions of their leaders as authentic has an effect on OCB and intention to leave through PsyCap. Practical/managerial implications: Organisations should implement leadership development programmes that are relationally focussed and should strive to develop employees’ PsyCap. Contribution/value-add: Providing more insight into the influence of authentic leadership on follower organisational citizenship behaviour and intent to leave as well as the role that psychological capital plays in these relationships.

Esports is an electronic sport known as competitive video gaming, which has seen tremendous growth over the past few years. Unlike traditional sports such as hockey, baseball, and soccer, Esports is an interconnection of multiple platforms, computing, gaming, and media into a sport event. A systematic review was conducted to collate and review all the research studies concerning Esports from a health perspective and analyze various physical and psychological distress regarding Esports. Relevant published papers were identified through the electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, and Research Gate. As a result of the systematic research review, seven articles were identified that investigated three major domains (i) Esports and physical issues, (ii) Esports and psychological distress, and (iii) Esports and addiction. The result indicated that Esports excessive play and its competitive nature lead to physical and psychological problems. Physical issues include eye fatigue, blurry vision, low back pain, tension headache, wrist pain, hand pain, and poor posture while gaming. Psychological issues include depression, anxiety, apathy, uncooperative attitude, tense, sleep disturbances, mental distress, aggressive affect and behaviors, distress in social life, and emotional disturbances. The studies also found that long hours of online gaming was associated with the presence of depression, social phobia, obsession–compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and gaming addiction. This review draws insight into the problematic side of Esports and suggested that future studies must focus on the interventions to deal with the negative impact of Esports.

Orientation: Research has been conducted regarding job demands, job resources and well-being of individuals in a variety of jobs. However, no studies have focused on the work experiences of judges in an African context. Research purpose: This study aimed to explore job demands and job resources, and the effects thereof, on the well-being of judges in South Africa. Motivation for the study: Some stressors and demands that judges face are universal. However, the situation in each country, division and type of court differs, and thus the factors affecting judges’ well-being also vary. Research approach/design and method: The research employed an exploratory study design. South African judges (n = 25) from various courts of different jurisdictions participated in this qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. Conformability was established by using the ATLAS.ti 8 software program. Main findings: The results showed that job resources such as autonomy, positive relationships with senior judges and opportunities for training and development, contributed to judges’ flourishing. Despite job demands such as work pressure and time constraints, emotional demands and hassles experienced at work, judges generally chose to use the available opportunities for well-being to reach their goals, to feel good and to function well at work. Some judges, however, noted that their heavy workload and limited time contributed to their stress and burnout. Practical/managerial implications: Interventions should be employed to alleviate the job demands of judges whilst increasing their job resources at the same time. This will boost their flourishing. Contribution/value-addition: This study adds to scientific knowledge regarding the job demands, job resources and flourishing of judges in the South African context.

Orientation: Work-related research from the perspective of psychology journal publications is reviewed, indicating research topic trends and research method use. Research purpose: What psychology journals are publishing about work-related topics as well as how these topics are being investigated was indicated. The specific objectives of this study were to analyse what research methods are being used, how these methods are being used and for what topics in work-related research. Motivation for the study: The lack of studies that investigate the use of research methods and work-related study themes from the perspective of miscellaneous psychology journals prompted this study. Research approach/design and method: A systematised review design was followed based on data collected by a previous study. Work-related research articles (n = 73) from five top-tier international miscellaneous or general psychology journals (published between 2013 and 2017) were collected and categorised. Main findings: Quantitative methods, convenience samples, cross-sectional designs and questionnaires for data collection as well as analysis of variance were the most frequently used methodologies. Workplace relationships, job search quality and re-employment and work stress were the most frequently investigated topics. Practical/managerial implications: Researchers should pay attention to the areas that lack methodological transparency in their studies to address the replication crisis in psychology. Method use should be expanded beyond quantitative methods where applicable. Industrial and organisational psychologists are reminded of their identity as applied psychologists. Contribution/value-add: The use of research methods in work-related research published by psychology journals is presented. Trends for this sample as well as areas for improving the replication crisis in psychology were identified.

Context: Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric illness that is stressful for both patients and their families. Along with clinical improvement with medications, psychosocial rehabilitation is an essential part of treatment to improve functioning and quality of life. Aims: This study aims to assess the rehabilitation needs of patients with schizophrenia and to identify the association of these needs with demographic and clinical variables. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The study was conducted in a general hospital psychiatric unit (GHPU) of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Subjects and Methods: The sample included 770 subjects (385 patients and 385 caregivers). A standardized self-administered questionnaire, the Rehabilitation Needs Assessment Schedule was used to assess the patients' rehabilitation needs. Statistical Analysis Used: Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Continuous variables were expressed in terms of mean with standard deviation or median with an interquartile range. The association between different rehabilitation needs was analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results: The most common requirement was skill training rehabilitation needs (93.8%), followed by psychosocial modification rehabilitation needs (88%) and help for family members (87%). There were significant associations (P < 0.05) between age at onset of illness with employment, current living status with overall needs, and help needed by the family. Conclusion: The study found that 76.9% of the patients required help in at least one rehabilitation domain. The findings of the study have implications in planning and implementing rehabilitation programs.

Alessandra Costanza,1,2 Andrea Amerio,3– 5 Andrea Aguglia,3,4 Gianluca Serafini,3,4 Mario Amore3,4 1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; 2Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; 3Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; 4Department of Psychiatry, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; 5Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Alessandra CostanzaDépartement de Psychiatrie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Rue Michel-Servet 1, Geneva 1211, SwitzerlandTel +41 22 379 59 00Fax +41 22 379 59 54Email alessandra.costanza@unige.chAbstract: Following V. Frankl’s (in the 1950s) and J. Frank’s (in the 1970s) historical definitions of the constructs Meaning in Life (MiL) and demoralization, there have been a multitude of studies which have described them from different theoretical perspectives. These constructs are closely linked, with the lack of MiL as one of the subconstructs underlying the definition of demoralization. Numerous studies have shown that MiL and demoralization affect suicidality, as protective and risk factors, respectively. The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS) is a more recent framework conceptualized by T. Joiner (in the 2000s) to provide an additional possible reading key in the effort to better understand suicidality. By analogy to a previous study by E. Kleiman & J. Beaver (2013), examining MiL and demoralization in suicidality through a perspective of the IPTS framework can be of considerable interest. This study showed, in a cohort of undergraduate students, that MiL mediated the relationship between two variables associated with IPTS (perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) and suicidal ideation (SI). Taking into consideration future studies that these latter authors advocated, our aim is to verify this finding using a cross-sectional study. Differences in our approach would include a) studying a clinical population (suicidal patients attending an emergency department), b) analyzing relationships not only with SI but also with suicidal attempts (SA), and c) in consideration of the interconnection between MiL and demoralization, exploring also the possible role of demoralization as a mediator. The clinical implication lies in identifying multi-faceted targets that may be useful to mitigate suicidality risk in individuals, both in prevention and therapy intervention.Keywords: suicide, suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, meaning in life, demoralization, interpersonal theory of suicide

This paper investigates how Millennial leaders perceive themselves in their leadership role and whether generational cohort stereotypes prevail with ascending hierarchy levels. There is a lack of research, which applies generational cohort stereotypes to Millennials in a leadership context. This limits our understanding of this generational cohort and how its members can benefit organizations in their role as leaders. Millennials in leadership positions are a new and underresearched phenomenon. Therefore, an explorative, qualitative research approach was followed, including interviews at 15 organizations from different industry segments in Germany. The data was analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. The study shows that Millennial leaders displayed generational stereotypes, but also adapt their behavior to corporate structures. This is problematic since it can limit Generation Ys’ value creating potential for organizations (e.g. driving innovation). This study contributes novel insights on Millennial leadership and organizational challenges in integrating this generational cohort within corporate structures. Organizations are advised to support the development of structures and processes that allow Millennials to unfold their potential. Directions for future research are outlined to further investigate this new phenomenon.

This research aims to investigate the human resources managment within the government which requires a reliable and competent leadership. A leadership categorized as the concept of empowering when the leader shares direction, a support system, friendly, synergizing, and providing exemplary examples to his subordinates. Employees who feel empowered by the leader would increase their motivation in work. This would increase psychological side of the employee’s cognitions such as a meaningfulness, the competence, a self-determination, and the effect. This research is focused on the process of testing hypotheses and is aimed to examine the effect of empowering leadership’s motivation in the field of work. It is mediated by psychological empowerment. The data used in this study was a questionnaire. This study was used four-stage hypothesis test of Baron and Kenny (1986). The result indicates that empowering leadership has a positive effect on intrinsic motivation , and psychological empowerment partially mediates the positive effect of empowering leadership in supporting intrinsic motivation.

ORIENTATION: While scholars generally agree that organisations benefit from a motivated workforce that is committed to achieving organisational goals, there is much disagreement regarding the theoretical structure of goal commitment. RESEARCH PURPOSE: To provide a useful theoretical structure of the multifaceted nature of goal commitment, while arguing for the existence of a general factor of goal commitment. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: This article challenges the notion of a unidimensional construct of goal commitment by proposing a more inclusive, yet clearly differentiated, view of goal commitment as a bifactor model. RESEARCH APPROACH, DESIGN, AND METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in various economic sectors, using different sampling techniques (n = 450). The quantitative data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis. MAIN FINDINGS: The findings suggest that a general factor explains a significant amount of common variance among the manifest variables of goal commitment. The recovery of the group factors provided support for a small multidimensional element of goal commitment PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Human resource specialists should use a more inclusive model of goal commitment to enable more accurate predictions of high performance and provide more depth for development initiatives aimed at employees self-regulating the direction, intensity, and persistence of their actions towards goals. However, the practical use of subscale scores should be tempered by the statistically unique information that such factors provide in addition to a general factor. CONTRIBUTIONS/VALUE-ADD: This study proposes a more comprehensive theory and clear articulation of the structure of goal commitment.