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Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:11:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-06-01 We analyzed the effects of levamisole on stress and the innate immune responses of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A total of 300 fish (180 ± 1.27 g) were fed a diet containing levamisole hydrochloride (LHC) for 15 days, then distributed into the following groups: T0 (control group); T1 (100), T2 (150), T3 (300) and T4 (500) mg kg−1 LHC (15 fish per group and four replicates per treatment). After this, fish (n = 8 per treatment) were exposed to air for three minutes to simulate stress conditions and were then challenged with the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila to stimulate the immune system. Fish were sampled at 1, 3 and 24 h after bacterial inoculation to measure plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations, the leukocyte respiratory burst (LRB), hemolytic activity of the complement system (HAC50) and serum lysozyme activity (SLA). LHC attenuated the increase in plasma cortisol at 1 h (500 mg kg−1) and 3 h (300 mg kg−1) after air exposure and bacterial inoculation compared to control fish. The highest glucose concentrations were observed at 1 and 3 h after stress, which then returned to initial levels after 24 h, without any effect of LHC. The LHC 100 mg kg−1 dose increased LRB 1 h after inoculation and activated the HAC50 3 h later. At 24 h, all LHC concentrations increased the HAC50. SLA was reduced after inoculation, throughout the experimental period, without an effect of levamisole. Our results indicate that the oral administration of levamisole for 15 days modulated circulating cortisol levels during the stress response and improved the innate immune response against A. hydrophila infection in pacu. Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14 Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14 Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14 Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14

Ablation therapies have emerged as an effective tool for destroying cancerous tissue, but for advanced and disseminated tumors their application remains mainly a palliative measure. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that this limitation can be redressed by the use of intratumoral immune stimulating agents for amplifying potential antitumor immune responses that are induced by ablation therapies. A novel immune stimulating drug IP-001, a specific variant of the N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC) family of molecules, has shown to be effective against metastatic tumors, when combined with different forms tumor ablation. It acts as a multi-function immune stimulant both by directly inhibiting cell membrane repair and recycling of ablation-damaged tumor cells, and indirectly by sequestering ablation-released tumor antigens, as well as recruiting and stimulating antigen presenting cells to induce a potent Th1 type T cell response against the cancer. In this review, we briefly discuss the current applications of local ablation for cancer treatment and the effects of GC in combination with other ablation therapies, a therapeutic approach that is pioneering the field of Interventional Immuno-Oncology (IIO).

Досліджені актуальні завдання сучасного птахівництва, обгрунтована необхідність створення та вивчення на основі вищезазначених сполук нових ефективних противірусних препаратів широкого спектру дії з противірусними і імуностимулюючими властивостями, проведений фармакоекономічний аналіз для доказовості переваг новоствореного вітчизняного препарату «АвесстимТМ» перед високовартісними імпортними аналогами.

The present invention relates to microcapsules with a double-layer of natural polysaccharides - chitosan and alginate - gelified and stabilized by means of a divalent ion containing inside at least one biologically active substance. The microcapsules of the invention can be employed as carriers for the oral administration of biologically active substances, also associated with an adjuvant of the biological response of the same, administered for a preventive or therapeutic purpose. These substances can be chosen, for example, from antigens and adjuvants, suitable for immune response stimulation against infective and non-infective agents, or from chemotherapeutics and adjuvants with therapeutic type effects. According to the type of biologically active substance encapsulated in the microcapsules, there can be a variety of uses for oral vaccination or therapy in the human and veterinary field.