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Hepatitis B, despite of being a controlled infection today, is one of the most common form of hepatitis in the world. According to the experts' evaluation there are about 3 million patients with chronic hepatitis B in our country. The global strategy of the World Health Organization includes the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030.The program used in the North-West Federal District to eliminate acute hepatitis B has reduced the incidence rate due to the widespread vaccination coverage of children and the annual increase in adult immunization coverage.However, the relevance of HBV-infection in children still remains high which is associated with a high infection by hepatitis B virus in women of childbearing age and the possibility of the transmission of the infection from mother to her child. In case of perinatal infection the formation of chronic hepatitis B in children reaches up to 90%. The natural course of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by a change in pathogenetically determined phases, and HBsAg-negative infection, which is a latent (occult) form of hepatitis, was added to them in 2009. Occult hepatitis B is an epidemiological danger, for the child as well, if the mother suffers from this form of chronic hepatitis B. Monitoring of pregnant women is often limited to identifying only HBsAg, which is not enough to detect occult hepatitis B. Lately diagnosed occult HBV-infection can become a source of the infection for the baby, especially in cases when due to some reasons there are disorders in hepatitis B vaccination schedule after birth. The article presents an interesting clinical case of family hepatitis B.

Objective : to study the status of markers of the transport system of iron metabolism and the marker profile of HBV infection, depending on the degree of iron overload syndrome in children with chronic hepatitis B. The object of the study were 1 85 children with HBV with iron overload syndrome, aged 4—18 years. Specific research methods included determination by ELISA: sTfR (soluble transferrin receptors), FR (ferritin), FPN (ferroportin), HEPH (hefestin), TfR-2 (transferrin-2 receptors) and serum active Hepcidin-25 (HPS) blood. Viro-logical verification was performed by ELISA and PCR: HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, total HBcorAb, HCVAb, HDVAb, HBV-DNA. A directly proportional dependence of the FPN level and an inversely proportional dependence of the level of HEPH/TfR-2 on the degree of iron overload syndrome were revealed — the higher the presentability of hemosiderosis, the higher the expression of FPN and the suppression of HEPH/TfR-2 with the consequence of decreased transcription of hepcidin-25 in hepatocytes. Confirmation of this fact served as the severity of HBV activity, which correlated with the degree of iron overload syndrome, the lower the transferrin saturation ratio, the higher the viral aggression, which we interpreted as an unfavorable factor in terms of the prognosis of the disease.

The analysis of serological efficiency and duration of maintaining specific immunity at the children imparted by various vaccines against hepatitis B within the national calendar of inoculations in the territory of St. Petersburg is submitted. It is revealed that high credits of antibodies (more 100 mME/ml) were more often observed at children in the first 3 years after vaccination (68.2%). Eventually levels of antibodies decreased, and in 5 years protective credits have remained at 84.5% examined, the number of patients with a caption of antibodies less than 10 Mmeml has grown from 8.5 to 15.5%.