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Six varieties were chosen from three different maturity groups: Galina and NS Princeza (0), Sava and NS Apolo (I), and Rubin and NS Zita (II) in order to examine the effect of priming on germination energy depending on soybean seed age. The seeds were produced in the period from 2012 to 2014, i.e., one- to three-year-old seeds were used. The following treatments were used for priming: distilled water - hydropriming (H2O), ascorbic acid 250 mg/l (ASA), folic acid 15 mg/l (Fol.), hydrogen peroxide 1% (H2O2), and control - non-treated seeds (C). Results showed that the effects of priming depended on the variety, seed age, as well as on the applied treatment. Some varieties reacted to priming very well, while others had an inhibited reaction, so germination energy was significantly reduced. Rubin variety had the most favourable reaction, whereby all treatments of this variety led to an increase of quality, with an average increase of 2-8%. The application of primers on one-year-old soybean seeds had a weaker effect than on two- and three -year-old seeds. However, one-year-old seeds had minor oscillations in quality due to priming. The application of priming on one-year-old seeds can lead to an increase or decrease of germination energy by 3%, while two- and three-year-old seeds reached 7%. The results showed that seed priming in ascorbic acid had a positive effect, while the application of other primers did not affect the value of germination energy, nor did it lead to a decrease of its value. Ascorbic acid activity led to the largest increase in the quality of three-year-old soybean seeds by 2.83%, while the increase in the quality of two- and three-year-old seeds was 1.87%. Therefore, we can conclude that there is no universal use of one single primer, as it might not be suitable for each particular variety and can ultimately result in the seed quality decrease. Da bi se ispitao efekat potapanja na energiju klijanja starog semena soje, za analizu je odabrano šest sorti iz tri različite grupe zrenja: Galina i NS Princeza (0 grupa), Sava i NS Apolo (I grupa), Rubin i NS Zita (II grupa zrenja). Seme je proizvedeno u periodu od 2012. do 2014. godine, odnosno seme starosti tri, dve i jednu godinu. Za potapanje su korišćeni sledeći tretmani: destilovana voda (H2O), askorbinska kiselina 250 mg/l (ASA), folna kiselina 15 mg/l (Fol.), vodonik-peroksid 1% (H2O2) i kontrola - netretirano seme (C). Rezultati su pokazali da efekat potapanja zavisi od sorte, starosti semena, ali i tretmana koji se koristi. Neke sorte veoma dobro reaguju na potapanje, dok kod drugih dolazi do inhibitornog delovanja, pa se energija klijanja semena značajno smanjuje. Sorta Rubin je najbolje reagovala i jedino su kod ove sorte svi tretmani doveli do povećanja kvaliteta, u proseku od 2% do 8%. Primena prajmera kod jednogodišnjeg semena soje ostvarila je slabiji efekat nego kod dvogodišnjeg i trogodišnjeg semena. Međutim, kod jednogodišnjeg semena manje su oscilacije u kvalitetu usled potapanja. Kod jednogodišnjeg semena dejstvom prajmera energija klijanja može da se poveća odnosno smanji za 3%, dok se kod dvogodišnjeg i trogodišnjeg ta vrednost kreće do 7%. Rezultati pokazuju da je potapanje semena u askorbinsku kiselinu ostvarilo pozitivan efekat, dok primena ostalih prajmera nije uticala na vrednost energije klijanja ili je dovela do pada njene vrednosti. U proseku, dejstvom askorbinske kiseline najviše je došlo do povećanja kvaliteta trogodišnjeg semena soje - 2,83%, dok je povećanje dvogodišnjeg i trogodišnjeg bilo isto i iznosilo je 1.87%. Zbog toga se ne može govoriti o univerzalnoj primeni samo jednog prajmera, jer se može dogoditi da on ne odgovara određenoj sorti, ali i starosti semena, pa može doći do pada kvaliteta semena.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a vegetable from Solanaceae family and its fruit is used in human consumption. It is produced from seedlings in the Republic of Serbia and quantity of seed used for seedlings depends on germination and 1000 seed mass, and ranges from 250 to 350 g ha-1. The aim of this paper was to determine effect of fruit maturity stages and storage duration of harvested fruit on eggplant seed quality. Seed was extracted from technologically mature, semi-mature and botanically mature fruit. Germination energy, germination and 1000 seed mass were tested after seed extraction. Part of harvested fruit was stored for 10 and 20 days, after which seed was extracted and the same seed qualities were tested. It was determined that seed from technologically mature fruit had germination around 25%. In semi-mature fruit, germination abruptly increased from 2% (seed extracted after harvest) to 88% (seed extracted 20 days after harvest). Seed obtained from botanically mature fruit had maximum germination after storing for 20 days after harvest and amounted to 99%. In all tested variants, 1000 seed mass increased with storage life, and it reached 5.48 g in botanically mature fruit. Plavi patlidžan (Solanum melongena L.) je povrće iz familije Solanaceae čiji plodovi se koriste u ljudskoj ishrani. U Republici Srbiji se proizvodi iz rasada, a količina utrošenog semena za proizvodnju rasada zavisi od klijavosti i apsolutne mase semena i kreće se od 250-350 g za 1 ha useva. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi uticaj faza zrelosti ploda i dužine čuvanja ubranog ploda na semenske kvalitete plavog patlidžana. Seme je vađeno iz plodova koji su dostigli tehnološku zrelost, iz poluzrelih plodova i iz botanički zrelih plodova. Nakon vađenja semena ispitana je energija klijanja, klijavost i apsolutna masa semena. Deo ubranih plodova je ostavljen da stoji 10 i 20 dana, a potom je vađeno seme i ispitani su isti semenski kvaliteti. Ustanovljeno je da seme iz plodova u tehnološkoj zrelosti imalo klijavost oko 25%. Kod semena iz poluzrelih plodova klijavost se naglo povećala sa 2% (seme vađeno nakon berbe) na 88% (seme vađeno 20 dana nakon berbe). Seme dobijeno iz botanički zrelih plodova imalo je maksimalnu klijavost stajanjem ploda 20 dana nakon berbe i iznosila je 99%. Kod svih ispitivanih varijanti stajanjem ploda apsolutna masa semena se povećavala, a iz botanički zrelih plodova dostigla je 5,48 g.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of foliar application of molybdenum on the germination energy and share of hard alfalfa seeds. Climatic conditions during the year had the greatest impact on the germination energy and share of hard seeds. Energy of germination was influenced by climatic conditions during the development of crops, ranging from 68.5 % to 84.1 %. Minimum germination energy was generated in the year with the most rainfall during seed formation, and the highest germination energy was achieved in the year with less rainfall during seed formation. The share of hard seeds ranged from 5.1 % to 6.7 %. Treatments with molybdenum in our research did not realize the difference in the germination energy and share of hard seeds that is statistically justified in any year of study. Molibden je veoma važan u simbiotskoj fiksaciji azota i lucerka spada u grupu biljaka koja je osetljiva na nedostatak molibdena. U trogodišnjem periodu obavljena su ispitivanja na oglednom polju Instituta za krmno bilje u Kruševcu. Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je ispitati uticaj folijarne primene molibdena na energiju klijanja semena lucerke i udeo trvdih semena. Folijarana prihrana molibdenom (0,1% amonijum molibdata (NH4)6 Mo7O4 x 4H2O je obavljena preko dve aplikacije (prva aplikacija je obavljena u fazi intezivnog porasta, a druga aplikacija u fazi butonizacije i početka cvetanja useva) sa količinom vode 1000 l ha-1. Energija klijanja je bila pod uticajem klimatskih uslova u toku razvoja useva i kretala se od 68,5% do 84,1%. Najmanja energija klijanja je ostvarena u godini sa najviše padavina u periodu formiranja semena. Energija klijanja se razlikuje po godinama ali je prosečna energija klijanja na kontrolni i varijatni tretiranoj molibdenom ujedančena. Udeo tvrdih semena se kretao od 5,1% do 6,7%. Najmanji udeo tvrdih semena je ostvaren u godini sa najviše padavina u letnjem peridu a najveći u godini sa manje padavina u periodu formiranja semena. Prosečni udeo tvrdih semena na kontrolnoj i tretiranoj varijanti nije ostvario značajne razlike. Tretmani sa molibdenom u našim istraživanjima nisu ostvarili razliku u energiji klijanja i udelu tvrdih semena koja je i statistički opravdana ni u jednoj godini ispitivanja.

The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of biostimulators, with or without the use of fungicides, on seed quality parameters and early growth of sunflower seedling. Testing was conducted at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad on cytoplasmic male sterile sunflower line HA-26-PR. The experiment included six treatments: Slavol S (25%), Slavol S (25%) + fungicide (a.m. metalaxyl-M), Bioplant Flora (2%), Bioplant Flora (2%) + fungicide (a.m. metalaxyl-M), Slavol S (25%) + Bioplant Flora (2%), Slavol S (25%) + Bioplant Flora (2%) + fungicide (a. m. metalaxyl-M) and control. Results of the research showed that treating the seed with biostimulators prior to sowing has a significant influence on seed germination parameters and early growth of sunflower seedling. The individual application of fertilizers, with or without the use of fungicide, gave a positive effect, while their combination led to a negative effect. The individual application of fertilizers, with or without combination with fungicide, may increase germination energy by 5%, germinability by 6%, but may also reduce the time of seed germination. Likewise, their use has a positive effect on early growth of sunflower seedling. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita uticaj biostimulatora, sa ili bez upotrebe fungicida, na parametre kvaliteta semena i rani porast klijanca suncokreta. Testiranje je sprovedeno u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu na citoplazmatski muško sterilnoj liniji suncokreta HA-26-PR. U ogled je bilo uključeno šest tretmana: Slavol S (25%), Slavol S (25%) + fungicid (a.m. metalaksil-m), Bioplant Flora (2%), Bioplant Flora (2%) + fungicid (a.m. metalaksil-m), Slavol S (25%) + Bioplant Flora (2%), Slavol S (25%) + Bioplant Flora (2%) + fungicid (a. m. metalaksil-m) i kontrola. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da tretiranje semena biostimulatorima pre setve ima značajan uticaj na parametre klijanja semena i rani porast klijanca suncokreta. Pojedinačna primena preparata, sa ili bez upotrebe fungicida, dala je pozitivan efekat, dok je njihova kombinacija dovela do negativnog dejstva. Pojedinačnom primenom preparata, sa ili bez kombinacije sa fungicidom, može se povećati energija klijanja za 5%, klijavost za 6%, ali i skratiti vreme klijanja semena. Takođe, njihovom upotrebom ostvaruje se pozitivan efekat i na rani porast klijanca suncokreta.

The examination results on threshing ten wheat varieties on the reconstructed mobile thresher 'Ernet' type V-08 in small experimental plots in the village Globoder are presented in this paper. The threshing process is an integral part of the collection of seed wheat and was conducted on experimental plots immediately after the manual mowing of the crops. During the testing the following qualitative characteristics of each variety were determined: seed moisture, weight of 1000 grains, hectoliter mass, germination energy and germination. The thresher's cleaning quality was determined by taking the average sample from the bags in which the seeds were collected after threshing. The samples were taken in the process of threshing wheat in the experimental fields, and then in the laboratory of the Institute for Forage Crops in Globoder-Krusevac clean and broken seed, other varieties, inert matter and weed were subsequently separated for each cultivar. The study aim was to examine the quality of different varieties wheat seed, as well as practical application and evaluation of the operating quality of the reconstructed mobile thresher, 'Ernet' type V-08. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja pri vršidbi deset sorata pšenice na rekonstruisanoj mobilnoj vršalici 'Ernet' tip V-08 na malim oglednim parcelama u ataru sela Globoder. Proces vršidbe je sastavni deo ubiranja semenske pšenice i obavljen je na oglednim parcelama odmah nakon ručnog košenja useva. Pri ispitivanju za svaku sortu određena su sledeća kvalitativna svojstva: vlažnost semena, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa, energija klijanja i klijavost. Kvalitet čišćenja vršalice određivan je uzimanjem prosečnog uzorka iz kesica u koje je seme prikupljeno nakon vršidbe. Uzorci su uzimani u procesu vršidbe pšenice na oglednim poljima, a zatim u laboratoriji Instituta za krmno bilje u Globoderu-Kruševcu naknadno je za svaku sortu izdvojeno čisto i polomljeno seme, druge vrste, inertne materije i korov. Cilj ispitivanja bio je ispitivanje kvaliteta semena pšenice različitih sorata, kao ipraktičnaprimena i ocena kvaliteta rada vršidbenog uređaja rekonstruisane mobilne vršalice 'Ernet' tip V-08.

Six eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes were studied for the seed dormancy, a common trait of this vegetable crop. Two genotypes (33 and 34) were the breeding lines while other four (1-00261, 2-02619, 7-00568, 12-00823) belong to exotic germplasm of the Institute for Vegetable Crops in Smederevska Palanka. In order to break the dormancy the seeds were treated with: 1) low temperature (HLS), at 40C for: 96, 72, and 48 hours, continually; 2) hormones, i.e. with Gibberellic acid (GA3) in three concentrations: 5 ml/100ml; 15 ml/100ml and 25 ml/100ml, for 24 hours and after that seed were left to germinate; 3) chemicals, with potassium nitrate (KNO3) solution in concentration: 0.5, 1 and 1.5% for 24 hours. Non-treated seeds were the control. We analyzed seed germination and seed germination energy. Three genotypes (33, 7 and 12) represent the least stabile genotypes, since they reacted positively to treatments, and the most intensively to treatment with Gibberellic acid 25ml/100ml. Dormantnost semena plavog patlidžana je značajna osobina ove povrtarske vrste. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno na 6 genotipova. Dva genotipa (33 i 34) predstavljaju selekcione linije dok su četiri (1-00261, 2-02619, 7-00568, 12-00823) predstavnici egzotične germ plazme Instituta za povrtarstvo iz Smederevske Palanke. Tretman hlađenjem (HLS) izveden je na 40C u trajanju od: 96, 72 i 48 sati u kontinuitetu. Hormonski tretman giberelinskom kiselinom (GA3) izveden je sa tri koncentracije: 5 ml/100ml; 15 ml/100ml i 25 ml/100ml, u trajanju od 24 sata posle koga je seme stavljeno na klijanje. Hemijski tretman izveden je kalijum nitratom KNO3 u koncentraciji od: 0,5, 1 i 1,5% rastvorom u trajanju od 24 sata. Kontrolni tretman je predstavljao zasejavanje netretiranog semena. Ispitivane su energija klijanja i klijavost semena. Tri genotipa (33, 7 i 12) predstavljaju najmanje stabilne genotipove, odnosno na njih su delovali tretmani i to najintenzivnije tretman giberelinskom kiselinom 0,25 %.

It is very important to keep the quality of the sunflower seed, which must be kept in the warehouses. The standard treatment of sunflower seed was treatment with the fungicide. New trend for the seed quality improvement is treatment with the insecticides as well. Seed germination energy of hybrid NS-H-111 that was kept in cooling chamber was higher then the energy of seed that was kept in the warehouse for the 4.31 %. This difference was statistically significant. Seed treated with fludioxonil + metalaxil + imidakloprid that was kept in the cooling chamber, has the higher germination energy for 13.5 % the then the seed kept in the warehouse. The difference was highly significant. Seed kept in the cooling chamber had, in average, higher germination for the 3.94 % in relation of the seed kept in the warehouse. In average, for Sremac hybrid, the highest values of seed germination were when the seed was kept in the warehouse. This difference wasn't statistically significant in relation to the other two examinations. The germination energy was higher at fludioxonil + metalaxil + tiametoxam treatment (93.75 %). Investigation of Sremac seed germination in different storage conditions, in average, hasn't any statistically significant effects. The highest germination was at treatment fludioxonil + metalaxil + tiametoxam and its amount was 94.92 %. This is statistically significant difference in relation to fludioxonil + metalaxil + imidakloprid treatment (for 5.09 %). Seed without treatment, which is kept in the cooling chamber, had the highest germination energy. Hibridno seme suncokreta, koje je proizvedeno u jednoj godini, često se ne utroši za setvu u narednoj vegetaciji. U svim ovim slučajevima ono se mora čuvati u skladištima, pri tome treba očuvati kvalitete semena. Suncokret se standardno nakon dorade tretira fungicidima. Novi pravac u poboljšanju kvaliteta semenske robe je tretiranje hibridnog semena insekticidima. Energija klijanja semena hibrida NS-H-111 koje je čuvano u hladnoj komori bila je statistički značajno veća u odnosu seme iz skladišta za 4.31 %. Visoko signifikantna razlika ispoljila se kod tretmana fludioxonil+metalaxil+imidakloprid, gde je seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo energiju klijavosti veću za 13.5 % u odnosu na seme čuvano u skladištu. Seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo je, u proseku, veću klijavost za 3.94 % u odnosu na skladište. Kod hibrida Sremac, u proseku, najveća vrednost energije klijanja bila je pri čuvanju semena u skladištu, međutim ona nije bila statistički značajna u odnosu na druga dva ispitivanja. Kod ispitivanih tretmana najveća vrednost energije klijanja, u proseku, bila je najveća kod varijante fludioxonil+metalax- il+tiametoxam (93.75 %). Ispitivanje klijavosti semena hibrida Sremac u različitim uslovima čuvanja, u proseku nije pokazalo statistički značajne efekte. Najveća klijavost bila je kod tretmana fludioxonil+metalaxil+tiametoxam i iznosila je 94.92 %. Ova vrednost ispoljila je statistički visoko signifikantnu vrednost u odnosu na tretman fludioxonil+metalaxil+imidakloprid (za 5.09 %). Netretirano seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo je najveću klijavost.

This paper deals with effect of two temperature regimes on two seed fractions (flat and round) and four fractions of seed size (small, medium small, medium large and large) of two sweet corn hybrids, ZP SC 401su and ZP SC 504su. Following morphological physiological characteristics, i.e. dry seed before germination (m0), whole dry seed after germination (ms), dry endosperm after germination (me), dry seedling after germination and dry weight loss during the germination and total germination were determined before germination on different temperatures t1-20/30oC (16/8 h) and t2-10oC (eight days). Results show that seeds of different fractions had different germination speed under different temperature regime. In addition, hybrids were also affected by modified temperature conditions. According to these findings, a dynamic of successive sweet corn sowing could be determined. U radu je proučavan uticaj dve temperaturne vrednosti na klijavost dve frakcije (pljosnato i okruglo) i četiri veličine semena (sitno, srednje-sitno, srednje-krupno i krupno) dva hibrida kukuruza šećerca, ZP SC 401su i ZPSC 504su. Pre ispitivanja klijavosti na temperaturnim vrednostima t1-20/300C (naizmenično 16/8 časova) i t2-100Cconst (osam dana) određene su mu sledeće morfološko-fiziološke osobine: suvo seme pre klijanja (m0), suvo celo seme posle klijanja (ms), suvi endosperm posle klijanja (me), suva klica posle klijanja (mk) i gubitak suve mase pri klijanju (Δm) i ukupna klijavost. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da semena različitih frakcija različito reaguju brzinom klijanja u izmenjenim toplotnim uslovima. Pored toga, i hibridi su, takođe, različito reagovali na pojedine toplotne tretmane. Na osnovu ovih saznanja može se odrediti i dinamika sukcesivne setve kukuruza šećerca.

Results of the laboratory study of the germination ability of gentiana seed collected from two locations (Zlatibor and South Kučaj) during two periods (15.07.2005 and 24.08.2005) were analyzed. The effect of cooling (90 days on 40C) and moistening and cooling (90 days on 40C) on germination energy (EK) and total germination (UK) of seed was observed. Location had significant effect on germination energy and total germination. Seed collected from location on Zlatibor had significantly higher germination energy and total germination. Time of collecting also had significant effect on germination ability of the seed (EK and UK). Moistening and cooling of seed had significant effect, seed that was moistened and cooled had higher germination energy and total germination, regardless of the location and time of collecting, compared to seed which was only cooled, and especially compared to not cooled seed (control). Cooled seed had better germination energy and total germination than the control material. Analizirani su rezultati laboratorijskog ispitivanja klijavosti semena lincure sakupljenog sa dva lokaliteta (Zlatibor i Južni Kučaj) u dva perioda (15.07.2005. i 24.08.2005). Posmatran je uticaj hlađenja (90 dana na 40C) i kvašenja i hlađenja (90 dana na 40C) na energiju klijanja (EK) i ukupno klijanje (UK) semena. Lokalitet je ispoljio značajan uticaj na energiju klijanja i ukupnu klijavost. Seme sakupljeno sa lokaliteta Zlatibor imalo je znatno veću energiju klijanja i ukupno klijanje. Vreme sakupljanja semena takođe je ispoljilo značajan uticaj na klijavost semena (EK i UK). Kvašenje i hlađenje semena imalo je znatan uticaj, pa je takvo seme imalo veću energiju klijanja i ukupnu klijavost, bez obzira na lokalitet i vreme sakupljanja, u odnosu na seme koje je samo hlađeno, i naročito u odnosu na nehlađeno seme (kontrolu). Hlađeno seme imalo je energiju klijanja i ukupnu klijavost bolju u odnosu na kontrolni materijal.

Three cultivars (domestic K-13 diploid and K-29 tetraploid, and introduced Tetraflorum tetraploid) were investigated in two years trials, with and without spring N-fertilizing. The results of this investigation showed that successful production of Italian ryegrass seed could be achieved with two cuttings in first production year. Spring N-application did not influence the seed yield of the domestic Italian ryegrass cultivars, nor introduced tetraploid. Produced seed was of an excellent quality, with total germination above 90%. On the basis of obtained results it may be concluded that investigated Italian ryegrass cultivars have high seed production potential (2733 kg ha-1, cv. K-29); in temperate years the Italian ryegrass could realize 2 seed harvests; high seed production of Italian ryegrass could be obtained without spring N-application in Serbian conditions. Tokom dvogodišnjih istraživanja (2003-2005) izvedeni su ogledi sa tri sorte italijanskog ljulja, različitog porekla i ploidnosti: domaći diploid K-13,domaći tetraploid K-29 i slovenački tetraploid Tetraflorum. Ispitivana je mogućnost proizvodnje kvalitetnog semena italijanskog ljulja (Lolium italicum) iz prve godine u dve žetve. Takođe, ispitivan je i kvalitet semena pod uticajem prolećne prihrane semenskog useva azotom. U okviru dve žetve po godini upoređivan je prinos i kvalitet semena iz prvog i drugog otkosa kao i po godinama preko najvažnijih elemenata kvaliteta: mase 1000 semena, energije klijanja i ukupne klijavosti. Dobijeni su visoki prinosi semena (2733 kg/ha) iz dva otkosa, visoke energije klijanja i ukupne klijavosti preko 90%.

Effect of new incrusting mass for seed treatment on germination, and energy of germination 4 different sunflower hybrids have been examined. Differences between hybrids have been established. Treated seed had better seed qualities comparing with non-treated, witch confirmed new formulation to be harmless. Examination has been repeated during seed storage, seed qualities haven't decreased. Also, effect of new and old incrusting mass on energy of germination, and seed germination (hybrid NS-H-01) during storage has been studied. There were no significant differences between old and new incrusting mass. Two different colors of new incrusting mass, in two doses - 300 (normal dose), and 400g/100kg of seed (increased dose), have been tested during seed storage of hybrid DUKAT. Germination of normally treated seed was higher then untreated seed. During seed storage germination of treated seed haven't decreased. This results confirmed harmlessness of new incrusting mass and enabled its undisturbed using. Ispitivan je uticaj nove recepture inkrust mase za tretiranje semena na klijavost i energiju klijanja, kod semena 4 različita hibrida suncokreta. Utvrđene su značajne razlike u ispitivanim svojstvima između različitih hibrida. Tretirano seme imalo je bolje semenske kvalitete od netretiranog što je potvrdilo neškodljivost nove formulacije. Ispitivanje je ponovljeno u više rokova da bi se utvrdio eventualni uticaj dužeg lagerovanja ovako tretiranog semena, ali dobijeni rezultati ne ukazuju na opadanje semenskih kvaliteta. Takođe, upoređivan je uticaj nove i stare formulacije inkrust mase na energiju klijanja i klijavost semena hibrida NS-H-01 tokom lagerovanja. Rezultati su pokazali da nema značajne razlike između tretiranja semena klasičnom i novom, sopstvenom recepturom. Upoređene su i dve boje novog inkrusta u dve doze 300 (normalna doza) i 400g/100kg semena (pojačana doza) i to u nekoliko navrata, tokom lagerovanja semena hibrida DUKAT. Kod normalnih doza klijavost semena bila je značajno veća u odnosu na netretiranu varijantu. Nisu zabeležene pravilnosti u opadanju klijavosti tokom lagerovanja, koje bi uputile na štetno dejstvo novog inkrusta. Ovi rezultati potvrdili su neškodljivost inkrust mase nove formulacije i omogućili njenu nesmetanu primenu.

The effect of the duration of storage, that is age leaf-parsley seed on major parameters of their quality. Investigated 30-days old seed (investigated in 1998), one year old seed (investigated in 1999) and two year old seed (investigated in 2000) was collected in 1998. Investigations were carried out for each investigation year in Petri dishes on filter paper in 10 repetitions with 100 seeds in each repetition. It was established that the increase of age of leaf-parsley rapidly and significantly reduces germination energy and total germination. Analiziran je uticaj dužine čuvanja, odnosno starosti semena peršuna lišćara na najvažnije parametre njegovog kvaliteta. Ispitivano je seme sakupljeno 1998 godine i to staro 30 dana (ispitivano 1998.), staro jednu godinu (ispitivano 1999.) i staro dve godine (ispitivano 2000.). Ispitivanja su obavljena za svaku godinu posmatranja u petri posudama na filter papiru u 10 ponavljanja od po 100 semena u svakom ponavljanju. Pokazalo se da se sa starošću semena peršuna lišćara veoma brzo i u značajnom procentu smanjuje energija klijanja i ukupno klijanje.

In three year study, the influence of foliar application of zinc on seed germination energy and share of hard alfalfa seeds was examined. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Kruševac. The soil on which the trial was conducted is of weakly acidic reaction and zinc content which is considered adequate. Zinc fertilization was performed by foliar split application. In the investigation years, meteorological factors showed large variations. Treatment with zinc achieved on average slightly higher germination energy, but differences were not statistically significant. Zinc fertilization had no effect on the number of hard seeds. Climatic conditions had impact on the germination energy and the proportion of hard seeds. Cink je jedan od mikroelementa koji se često nalazi u nedostatku kod gajenih biljaka. Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je ispitati uticaj folijarne primene cinka na energiju klijanja semena lucerke i udeo tvrdih semena. U trogodišnjem periodu obavljena su ispitivanja na oglednom polju Instituta za krmno bilje u Kruševcu. Zemljište na kome je izveden ogled je slabo kisele reakcije a sadržaj cinka u zemljištu je za lucerku bio u adekvatnom rangu. Folijarna primena cinka (1% cink sulfata (ZnSO4 x 7H2O) je obavljena u podeljenoj aplikaciji. Prosečna energija klijanja je iznosila 78.0% sa velikim variranjem po godinama od 68,5% do 84,8%. Velika ukupna količina padavina u 2005. godini (808 mm), odnosno velika količina padavina u junu, julu i avgustu je dovela do poleganja useva još na početku cvetanja i do kasnije loše oplodnje i prorastanja semenskog otkosa što je uticalo da energija klijanja u toj godini bude znatno niža (68,7%) u odnosu na ostvarenu energiju klijanja u 2006. (84,5%) i 2007. godini (80,8%). Tretman sa cinkom je u proseku ostvario nešto veću energiju klijanja (78,2%) u odnosu na kontrolu (77,7%), ali razlike nisu i statistički opravdane. Energija klijanja je pokazala jaku negativnu korelacionu zavisnost sa ukupnom količinom padavina i količinom padavina u junu, julu i avgustu a srednju negativnu korelaciju sa brojem kišnih dana. Najveći udeo tvrdih semena ustanovljen je u sušnoj i toploj godini (6,2%), a najmanji u godini sa dosta padavina (5,1%). Đubrenje cinkom nije imalo uticaja na broj tvrdih zrna.