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Additional file 4.

Supplemental Material for Effect of using client-accessible youth health records on experienced autonomy among parents and adolescents in preventive child healthcare and youth care: A mixed methods intervention study by Janine Benjamins, Emely de Vet, Gerlinde Jordaan and Annemien Haveman-Nies in Journal of Child Health Care.

Additional file 7.

Additional file 6.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 2.

Additional file 5.

Additional file 3.

In this study, a combined social norm nudge intervention was implemented in real-life supermarkets. Specifically, the visibility of meat substitutes increased and other customer’s behaviour regarding their meat substitute purchases was highlighted. Moreover, the availability of meat substitutes was optically increased and legumes were conveniently placed near the meat and meat substitutes. The main aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which the implementation of the combined social norm nudge intervention at the point of purchase (supermarket) is effective in increasing the sales (in grams) of meat alternatives (i.e. meat analogues and legumes) compared to the control locations.

In this study, a combined social norm nudge intervention was implemented in real-life supermarkets. Specifically, the visibility of meat substitutes increased and other customer’s behaviour regarding their meat substitute purchases was highlighted. Moreover, the availability of meat substitutes was optically increased and legumes were conveniently placed near the meat and meat substitutes (details in 4) Conditions). The aim of this study is to investigate how combined social norm nudge intervention in real-life supermarkets is perceived and evaluated by consumers. Therefore, the aim is to examine how the presence (versus absence) of the intervention affect norm perceptions (including descriptive, injunctive, and dynamic norms) regarding the purchase of meat substitutes (meat analogues and legumes). Further, the aim is to examine whether perceptions of salience of meat substitutes and perceptions of effort needed to purchase meat substitutes are affected by the presence (versus absence) of the intervention. Lastly, the aim is to investigate the extent to which the effect of the presence (versus absence) of the intervention on meat and meat substitute purchases is mediated by perceived descriptive norms, injunctive norms, dynamic norms, salience, and effort.

This document serves as the preregistration of the protocol of "The effects of school gardening on children’s fruit- and vegetable consumption and their personal and social well-being: a scoping review". The protocol for this scoping review is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis (2020).

We have recently developed a self-report measure to assess individuals' proneness towards eating in response to internal signals of hunger and satiation (i.e., internally regulated eating style). The scale consists of 7 subscales which measure the individual-difference characteristics that form the internally regulated eating style. The construct validity of the subscales remains to be tested with behavioural experiments, which is exactly the aim of this project.

To mitigate climate change and enhance human health a significant reduction in meat consumption is necessary to establish a protein transition from animal based to plant based. Reducing meat consumption is, however, a complex challenge as meat consumption is deeply rooted in society, and thus, considered normal behaviour. We may consider meat consumption a collective norm in western societies. Although everyone may be exposed to the same collective norms, the individual perception may differ across individuals. These individual perceptions are known as social norms and are typically split up into descriptive norms (what is done) and injunctive norms (what is ought to do). Moreover, norms may become internalized as personal norms. The extent these social and personal norms are perceived is context dependent and may vary across individuals. We do not know how meat consumers perceive those norms regarding meat consumption. In addition, meat consumers are typically treated as a homogenous group in the literature resulting in various calls for segmentation and more acknowledgement of individual differences across meat consumer. We do not understand the extent to which different types of meat consumers perceive collective meat consumption norms differently. The variation in norm perceptions among different types of meat consumers may result in different meat consumption patterns (e.g. consumption, habit strength, meat attachment). This study aims to determine the extent to which social and personal meat consumption norms are perceived differently among different type of meat consumers.

Background Pressing issues, like financial concerns, may outweigh the importance people attach to health. This study tested whether health, compared to other life domains, was considered more important by people in high versus low socioeconomic positions, with future focus and financial strain as potential explanatory factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2019 among N=1,330 Dutch adults. Participants rated the importance of two health-related domains (not being ill, living a long life) and seven other life domains (e.g., work, family) on a five-point scale. A latent class analysis grouped participants in classes with similar patterns of importance ratings. Differences in class membership according to socioeconomic position (indicated by income and education) were examined using structural equation modelling, with future focus and financial strain as mediators. Results Three classes were identified, which were defined as: neutralists, who found all domains neutral or unimportant (3.5% of the sample); hedonists, who found most domains important except living a long life, work, and religion (36.2%); and maximalists, who found nearly all domains important, including both health domains (60.3%). Of the neutralists, 38% considered not being ill important, and 30% considered living a long life important. For hedonists, this was 92% and 39%, respectively, and for maximalists this was 99% and 87%, respectively. Compared to belonging to the maximalists class, a low income predicted belonging to the neutralists, and a higher educational level and unemployment predicted belonging to the hedonists. No mediation pathways via future focus or financial strain were found. Conclusions Lower income groups were less likely to consider not being ill important. Those without paid employment and those with a higher educational level were less likely to consider living a long life important. Neither future focus nor financial strain explained these inequalities. Future research should investigate socioeconomic differences in conceptualisations of health, and if inequalities in the perceived importance of health are associated with inequalities in health. To support individuals dealing with challenging circumstances in daily life, health-promoting interventions could align to the life domains perceived important to reach their target group and to prevent widening socioeconomic health inequalities.

Contains fulltext : 290050.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Background: Workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions have limited effects on the health of employees with low socioeconomic position (SEP). This paper argues that this limited effectiveness can be partly explained by the methodology applied to evaluate the intervention, often a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Frequently, the desired outcomes of traditional evaluations may not match employees' - and in particular employees with low SEP-needs and lifeworld. Furthermore, traditional evaluation methodologies do not function well in work settings characterised by change resulting from internal and external developments. Objective: In this communication, responsive evaluation is proposed as an alternative approach to evaluating WHP interventions. Responsive evaluation's potential added value for WHP interventions for employees with low SEP in particular is described, as well as how the methodology differs from RCTs. The paper also elaborates on the different scientific philosophies underpinning the two methodologies as this allows researchers to judge the suitability and quality of responsive evaluation in light of the corresponding criteria for good science. 7 p.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of high- and low-calorie food stimuli used in the spatial memory task across cultures. Food Stimuli. High- and low-calorie food items used in the spatial memory task of each country.

Additional file 2. Coding schemes

Additional file 1. Guideline stakeholder dialogue

Introduction: The most burdened persons who are frequent hospital users are characterized by chronic diseases, multimorbidity, low socio-economic status, and higher age. These persons have complex care needs and their burden of disease and healthcare tasks may exceed their resources and self-management skills. When unmet, complex care needs may lead to unplanned hospital admissions. Hospital admissions are associated with bed availability and quality of primary care and therefore indicate lapses in preventive and proactive healthcare. Self-management support is developed to educate and support patients’ in managing chronic disease, but the evidence base of telephone-based interventions is poor with mixed results. Aims and methods: This study evaluates Proactive Health Support (PaHS) in a national randomized controlled trial. Participants were at risk of emergency hospital admissions with 1. chronic diseases, 2. ≥ three unplanned hospital contacts, or 3. age ≥ 65 years with a preventable hospital admission. The intervention was an addition to usual care and began with a physical start-up session followed by telephone sessions to support self-management focusing on knowledge, coping, self-care, and healthcare across sectors. The two co-primary outcomes were HRQoL (Mental Health Component Summary Score of SF36v2) analyzed with mixed models and hospital admissions analyzed with poisson regression at 6 months. Results: During the study period, 6402 persons were randomized. HRQoL was significantly improved at 6 months (Est. 1.4992, p=