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BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had major impact on the training of Infectious Diseases (ID) residents across the globe. They were part of the frontline staff, while at the same time training to be ID physicians. This study focused on identifying their capability, i.e. the ability to adapt existing competencies to new situations, which is now recognised as an essential element of professional practice.AimThis study explored what ID residents learnt and how they learnt as they adapted to working in this unpredictable and challenging COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis qualitative explorative study was based in the Infectious Diseases Senior Residency Programme across three training institutions in Singapore. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed using a template analysis technique.ResultsNine ID residents participated in this study. They learnt to engage with uncertainty in a meaningful way by relying on prior training and rapidly learning how to most effectively learn (metacognition). Learning was enhanced by collaboration between multidisciplinary health professionals, strong leadership and intrinsic motivation from personal interest in ID. They learnt through observing how senior faculty approached and managed the COVID-19 situation.ConclusionWhen learning for future capability in a rapidly evolving situation, role-modelling and mentoring are essential as available information resources may still not provide the learning from skilled doctors with actual experiences managing complex, uncertain situations.

The Internet of Things (IoT) and smart manufacturing (SM) are mutually reinforcing. The establishment of IoT-based common facilities for SM is the premise of building SM system. Industrial IoT (IIoT) infrastructure for SM refers to common facilities based on IoT that support SM in industries or sectors, and plays a dominant role and faces severe challenges in the intelligence of SM. The infrastructure is independent of the products and production process in a specific factory. This paper develops conceptual and capability frameworks of IIoT infrastructure from a unified perspective of IIoT-related SM industries. These frameworks reflect relationships between IIoT and SM with in-depth relationships among basic facilities of IIoT infrastructure and lay the foundation of SM. In this paper the common characteristics and high-level requirements with respect to the different IoT layers of IIoT infrastructure are analyzed, and the capability framework and relevant capabilities of IIoT infrastructure are summarized according to the characteristics and requirements. In order to help service providers implement their systems to meet the needs of SM, the existing and newly developed IIoT infrastructure are integrated partially or in whole according to the intelligence level, so as to provide technical guidance for stakeholders to apply emerging ICTs to SM.

This research was conducted to find the effect of shareshexagon theory that consisted of stimulus, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego on financial statement fraud. The data used in this research is secondary data in the annual reports obtained through the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) website. The population of this research is the banking listed on IDX in 2018 –2020. The sample selection in this research used a purposive sampling technique and resulted in 47 companies as the sample of research. This Research use quantitative methods. The analytical technique used are descriptive statistical and multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicated that collusion negatively affects financial statement fraud. Rationalization has a positive effect on financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, stimulus, capability, opportunity, and ego has no effect on financial statement fraud

This paper investigates the dynamic voltage support (DVS) of inverter-based resources (IBRs) under voltage sags to enhance the low-voltage ride-through performance. The DVS problem is formulated as a nonconvex optimization program that maximizes the positive-sequence voltage magnitude at the point of common coupling (PCC) subject to the current, active power, and synchronization stability constraints. Then, we perform the optimality analysis to explore the global optimum analytically. It is found that the unique global optimum has three scenarios/stages (S1S3), which depends on the specific relationship among grid voltage, grid strength, and physical limits of IBRs. The explicit closed-form solutions in S1 and S3 are derived, and the optimality conditions (an implicit solution) of S2 are provided, which guarantees the global optimality and enables the compatibility with fast real-time control. Finally, we implement the optimum with a grid-connected single-stage photovoltaic (PV) power plant by integrating a DVS controller. Dynamic simulations are carried out under different scenarios to test our proposal. The robustness against model errors is also discussed. Dynamic simulations are carried out under different scenarios to test our proposal and compare it with other existing methods.

PurposeThis study aims to develop a systematic method called servitization maturity model to support companies in developing distinctive capabilities for successful servitization.Design/methodology/approachThe concept of maturity models is adopted to support companies in developing distinctive capabilities for servitization. A systematic literature review and case study approach are employed to develop the maturity model.FindingsThe findings highlight 46 capabilities classified into seven categories: strategy and leadership, performance, offerings, customers, organization, network and digital technology. Furthermore, the evolutionary path is defined by combining two types of levels, i.e. capability and maturity levels, to develop these capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThe evolutionary path was partially validated through the application, while further investigation is required to validate the evolutionary path. Therefore, future research should investigate the further validation of the evolutionary path by conducting multiple case studies.Practical implicationsThe proposed maturity model enables companies to not only capture the bigger picture of the required capabilities without oversight, but also determine a process for improving the requisite capabilities with feasible efforts.Originality/valueExisting maturity models focused on the transition from less to more advanced services. However, recent studies emphasized that companies need to determine strategies that reflect their capabilities rather than simply move toward more advanced services. Based on this assumption, this study provides successive stages that enable companies to improve their capabilities through feasible efforts.

Commonly, a simple topology consisting of a single diode-rectifier and pulse-width-modulation (PWM) converter is used for the connection of the doubly-fed induction generator-based wind turbines (DFIG-WTs) to the DC grid, in which the rotor-side converter (RSC) and the stator diode-rectifier are linked to the common DC bus. But, this topology suffers from less flexibility due to the requirement of matching the stator nominal voltage with the DC grid. Hence, in this paper, a buck converter is added to the DFIG-WT topology and two methods are proposed to control the power converters, where in the first one, the RSC regulates the active power and stator flux linkage, and in the second one, the RSC regulates the DC bus voltage and stator flux linkage. Then, the small-signal stability and the performance of the DFIG-WT system with the mentioned control strategies are compared analytically and through the off-line simulations. At last, a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) emulation-based OPAL-RT is carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed control methods from a practical perspective.

Après avoir rappelé l’importance sociale et symbolique de l’institution muséale, cet article se propose de prendre cette dernière comme cas d’étude dans le but de développer une réflexion sur la notion d’inclusion. Par l’étude de sa prise en compte dans les politiques culturelles – et spécifiquement muséales, c’est une réflexion plus globale sur la transition inclusive engagée dans nos sociétés contemporaines qui se dessine. À partir d’un terrain français (relatant des résultats d’enquêtes menées auprès des musées et acteurs professionnels d’Île-de-France), l’article propose une analyse des dispositifs muséaux et notamment de médiation culturelle afin de percevoir leurs intentions inclusives, abordant des thèmes comme l’autonomie, la mixité et la stigmatisation, nécessairement liés à la question de l’inclusion, et confrontant ces intentions aux discours des personnes en situation de handicap, pour prendre la mesure des réalités vécues et des besoins et envies réels des individus concernés. L’article introduit la notion d’environnement capacitant, fondée sur la prise en compte des capabilités (au sens où l’entend et le développe Amartya Sen), comme réponse aux injonctions inclusives tout en se prémunissant du risque d’une homogénéisation et d’une dangereuse négation des différences et des spécificités de chacun., In this article, the author aims to analyze the notion of inclusion through the study of the museum institution. Reporting on the results of field surveys of French museums, the article proposes an analysis of museum devices in order to perceive their inclusive intentions. These results will lead to topics such as autonomy, gender diversity and stigma, necessarily related to the issue of inclusion. These inclusive museum devices are then confronted with the speeches of people with disabilities, to understand the real needs and desires of the individuals concerned. The article introduces the notion of an enabling environment, based on the consideration of capabilities (as understood and developed by Amartya Sen), as a response to inclusive injunctions, while guarding against the risk of homogenization and negation of the differences and specificities of each individuals.

The biopharmaceutical industry is evolving with a shift in focus from recombinant proteins and antibodies towards more complex cell and gene therapies. To be competitive globally, biomanufacturers need to focus on aligning with global standards with regard to drug quality, reducing manufacturing failures and delivering drugs to market quickly. Building these capabilities requires a multifaceted approach that includes improvements in operations, quality compliance, and control strategies. To address these needs, the US Pharmacopeia (USP), the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India, and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) held a symposium to discuss the requirements and gaps in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors in India and other developing countries. A panel of experts from academia, manufacturing, and governmental agencies identified several drivers needed for capability building, including a skilled workforce, public–private partnerships, advanced manufacturing technologies, novel biologics, and favorable policies. This article summarizes the recommendations put forward by this panel.

This scoping review will map the literature about the concept of capability in the context of advanced practice nursing education and practice with the goal of achieving greater clarity of the concept and its application.

Naval leadership has identified the lack of logistics experience as a critical force vulnerability in the Unrestricted Line (URL) community officer corps. They believe this gap will limit the Navy’s ability to sustain operations in contested and constrained environments. As the United States enters a new era of strategic competition with near-peer competitors, increasing the logistical knowledge and educational experiences of the URL community is of paramount importance. Peacetime naval operations have dominated the operational landscape for several decades with logistical support mirroring that static and predictable environment. Strategic competition will challenge the established logistic concepts and those concepts must also change. This project develops case studies to equip URL officers with the necessary mindset to approach and analyze complex logistic concerns. Each case study touches on specific logistics topics, incorporates broader logistical implications, and uses various investigative and analytic tools to help solve real-world problems. Equally important, this study will build a stronger foundation that will make the warfighter more combat effective and further enhance his or her grasp of operational and tactical environments. NPS Naval Research Program This project was funded in part by the NPS Naval Research Program. Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Research suggests that children with disabilities have been systemically marginalised during the Covid-19 pandemic as contamination measures complicated some social policies. School closure, quarantine, and the increased use of social media in remote schooling have placed children with disabilities in a vulnerable situation. This article explores the subjective consequences of such processes through the analysis of qualitative interviews with parents who had children with disabilities. To contextualise our analysis, we also draw on expert interviews with bureaucrats and social workers and data from a survey that was sent out to parents who had children with disabilities. Taken together, these data sources provide a rich empirical context to study how the pandemic influenced the access of children with disabilities to education and social services in Norway. We also pay attention to how the pandemic influenced parents’ perception of social welfare in Norway and discuss how issues of race, class, and socio-economic background were reflected in their experiences. Both interview data and survey data were gathered during the pandemic. Conceptually we take inspiration from the capability approach with a particular focus on theoretical work on “conversion factors.” These theoretical perspectives invite us to identify and analyse specific mechanisms that prevented and/or enabled children with disabilities to live a life according to their own visions and values during the pandemic. Through this study of how children with disabilities experienced education and social welfare in Norway during the pandemic, we shed new light on how one of the world’s most advanced welfare states operates during a time of crisis.

This research sought to determine the strength and nature of relationship between innovation capability and the application of sustainable development pillars. A questionnaire was designed and handed or sent to the employees of Djen Djen Port international .It was established that a moderate almost strong positive correlation existed between innovation management capability and the implementation of sustainable development pillars in the port company., JEL Classification Codes: O32, Q50.

Companies are increasingly stressing their need for recruits and employees who can understand the company strategy and operations on a wider scale and with an integrative mindset, as opposed to siloed departments, jobs, and people possessing those jobs. With new digital technologies, new organizational forms such as team-based organizations and virtual teams as well as Human Resource Management practices like job rotations, there are increasing opportunities for cooperation and integration of people with different backgrounds and skillsets, as the interplay between marketing (business function) and R&D (engineering function). However, having the company practices and infrastructure "right" for holistic and cross-disciplinary work does not suffice. The professional preparedness of the practitioners has to support this new paradigm as well. The solution has been proposed to be T-shaped capabilities, where the vertical line represents the deep expertise in one area, and the horizontal line overview expertise to better understand processes outside one´s domain. This is an improvement to I-shaped capabilities, where the connecting horizontal integration is missing. The paper propagates for a prospective upgrade to the T-shaped capability model, the T2 capability profile. The core idea - derived from interviews with industry managers - is that two horizontal lines differ in scope. The societal/business megatrends demand a set of non-contextual understanding of issues such as sustainability, quality as well as basic technical and financial literacy, and the other horizontal line is made of company-and industry-specific processes. To conclude, the opportunities to foster T2-capabilities in (engineering) education get discussed.

Testing the Painful and Provocative Events Scale (PPES) as a formative measurement model.

As part of our university course, we're conducting a research as described in the title. We would like to research the Interaction of both compassion for others and self efficiacy over the amount of self compassion.

Variance-covariance matrices used to generate the models.

Syntax used to generate the results.

All measurements used for the project.

Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach is a normative framework for the assessment of social states. Inspired in economics and philosophy, it proposes to move from opulence-centric indicators to people’s quality of life. Its focus on people has stood the test of time, the rigor of science, and the challenge of practice. Although its original conceptual model has proven persuasive in the last three decades, it has also been further elaborated by contributions from different disciplines. Speaking to and engaging different audiences is a virtue of the approach but it has also dispersed the debate. Accounting for main contributions in an interdisciplinary and accessible way is the purpose of this paper. The current model expands on the core aspects of the CA, namely capabilities, functionings, agency, and conversion factors, and adds the relevant aspect of rationality as well as the dynamics among all categories. This shows an increasing interest in explanation as well as understanding. In both elements, as well as in all of its main aspects, there seems to be still room for growth.

The inherent feature of inseparability causes significant sufferings for the service sector. In the case of diabetes disease in healthcare, this problem is reduced by asking patients to self-monitor blood glucose at home (SMBG). Despite the task’s importance, many patients do not fully accomplish. This study investigates what factors of patients affect their adherence to SMBG and how physician consultation fosters their adherence. Empirical results show that the adherence level is driven by patients’ capability and self-efficacy, both of which are fostered by the knowledge acquired from physicians. These findings provide insights to support strategies to reduce the service inseparability.

Highlights • Analyzing novel service innovations calls for combining systemic and micro-level analysis • We analyze the agency of sustainable shared urban mobility operators and local policymakers in the case of Finland • We stress the role of local policymakers in providing examples, enabling coordination and harnessing innovative actors • Local-level collaborating is crucial for the sustainability of mobility innovations Service-based alternatives to private vehicles and public transport are increasing. These innovations are hoped to boost the transition to sustainable mobility, addressing challenges such as congestion, air quality and the large share of CO2 resulting from traffic. To achieve this transition, there is an urgent need for collaboration between private companies and public authorities, especially locally. We claim that insufficient attention is paid to the agencies of the practical actors, such as car sharing operators, which is the key to understanding what this collaboration requires. Orchestrating the collaboration successfully is also a prerequisite for the sustainability of the services. We use interview data from car sharing operators and public authorities in Finnish cities to analyze the local-level implementation of shared mobility services. Our results show how the local public authorities play a crucial role in allowing the services to flourish but also ensure the services’ environmental and social sustainability.

The present study examined the multiple micro- and macro-level factors that affect individuals’ financial behaviour under economic strain. The following sociodemographic and economic factors that predict financial behaviour were analysed: age group, year of data gathering, and attitudes towards consumption (economical, deprived, and hedonistic). Subjective financial situations and demographic characteristics were controlled for. Finnish time series data that consisted of five cross-sectional nationally representative surveys were used (n = 10 043). The analyses revealed four types of financial behaviour: cutting expenses, borrowing, increasing income, and gambling. Young adults aged 18–25 reported the lowest frequency of borrowing and gambling and the highest frequency of increasing income (together with young adults aged 26–35). Participants aged 66–75 scored the lowest in cutting expenses and increasing income in comparison to all other age groups. Financial behaviour under economic strain in 2019 can be characterized by lower instances of borrowing than in 2004 and 2009 and higher frequencies in increasing income in comparison to all other years of data gathering. Finally, strong attitudes towards saving were related to lower frequency of borrowing and gambling, whereas stronger hedonistic attitudes were related to lower frequency of cutting expenses and more frequent borrowing. The research results provide tools for consumer policy, consumer education, and consumer regulation.

This article explores a new approach to career education and career guidance activities within compulsory education, with a shift in focus from students’ immediate choices to supporting curiosity and an open-minded expansion of horizons. Sen’s concept of capability and approach to social justice plays a central role. A Danish project on career learning in compulsory school aimed to broaden perspectives on education and work among students in the final years (age 13–16) through experience-based learning and reflection activities. Concrete examples of ‘what can be done’ to develop a socially just practice in school-based career education and guidance are provided.

This case study appears in: Mays C, Laborie L, Griset P (eds) (2022) Inventing a shared science diplomacy for Europe: Interdisciplinary case studies to think with history. Zenodo. 10.5281/zenodo.6590097 The development of European space activities has blossomed since the 1960s, with an incremental blending of national, regional and international processes of cooperation and competition in space affairs. Formulating a unified European space policy has meant conjugating national interests, shared objectives and divergent priorities. Achieving effective cooperation at regional level can be the outcome of a diplomatic process of influence to gain required capability that could not be reached at solely national level. This is particularly critical in the area of human spaceflight. The story of how the French project of the Hermes spaceplane was Europeanized offers good insight into how stakeholders in Europe have approached science diplomacy in an extremely competitive field, where technological, scientific and political interests may radically diverge among partners., de Floris, Anne (2022) National interests, shared objectives and divergent priorities: Interplaying scales in European space policy. In Mays C, Laborie L, Griset P (eds) Inventing a shared science diplomacy for Europe: Interdisciplinary case studies to think with history. Zenodo. doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6582724

The Singapore government since 2000 has stated their goals to have a strong and capable Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). The urgency of having a strong and capable SAF cannot be separated from the multidimensional threats that Singapore has to deal with. China's growing military capability coupled with increased aggressiveness in the South China Sea and relations with two conflicting neighbors are examples of traditional threats facing Singapore. Non-traditional threats, especially terrorism, also haunt Singapore. This article argues that the Revolution in Military Affairs implemented by Singapore is the mitigation of such strategic disadvantage. Through the implementation of the Revolution in Military Affairs which was marked by the acquisition of advanced weaponry technology and followed by changes in military doctrine and organizational adaptation, the SAF has already been transformed into a powerful military in the region.

To achieve profession-wide consensus on clinical practice standards for six broad Australian nurse practitioner specialty areas (termed metaspecialties).Sequential mixed methods with initial interpretive study (Interpretive Phase) followed by modified three-round Delphi study (Survey Phase).Participants from all Australian jurisdictions were recruited. Main eligibility criterion was current endorsement as a nurse practitioner for 12 or more months. Interpretive Phase comprised in-depth interviews of purposeful sample of nurse practitioners to identify clinical care activities and practice processes. Six sets of draft clinical practice standards relevant to six previously identified metaspecialties were developed. Outcome informed Round 1 of Survey Phase (six nested web-based Delphi surveys), with draft standards reviewed profession-wide. Responses comprised scoring using Likert scales to calculate content validity indexes for individual standards with qualitative responses supporting decision-making. For Rounds 2 and 3, participants rated relevancy of original or revised standards after consideration of individual and group feedback. The study was conducted 2014-2017.Interpretive Phase: Analysis of interview data with 16 nurse practitioners provided 75 draft standards. Survey Phase: 221 nurse practitioners completed Round 1 (20% of then eligible Australian nurse practitioners). Weighted respondent retention was 92%. Seventy-three standards were validated, with final content validity indices of 92-100%. Scale-level indices were 98%, strongly validating metaspecialty taxonomy.A research-derived, professionally endorsed suite of nurse practitioner clinical practice standards was developed. This provides a broad clinical learning structure with metaspecialties guiding nurse practitioner student clinical education.The clinical practice standards and metaspecialty taxonomy strengthen nurse practitioner clinical education and professional development nationally and internationally. These novel study methods and findings are applicable to advanced specialty roles in other health professions.目的: 就六大澳大利亚执业护士专业领域的临床实践标准达成专业共识 (称为元专业) 。 设计: 序贯混合法和初步解释研究 (解释阶段) , 随后是修正的三轮德尔菲研究 (调查阶段) 方法: 招募了来自澳大利亚所有司法管辖区的参与者。主要的资格标准是目前认可的具有12个月或以上经验的执业护士。解释阶段包括对有目的的执业护士进行深度访谈, 以确定临床护理活动和实践过程。制定了六套与先前确定的六个元专业相关的临床实践标准草案。调查阶段的第一轮结果将被告知 (六项基于网络的德尔福调查) , 并在整个专业范围内审查标准草案。回答包括使用李克特量表进行评分, 以计算单个标准的内容有效性指数, 以及提供支持决策的定性回答。在第二轮和第三轮, 参与者在考虑个人和小组反馈后, 对原始标准或修订标准的相关性进行评级。该研究于2014年‐2017年进行。 结果: 解释阶段: 对16名执业护士的访谈数据进行分析, 得出了75项标准草案。调查阶段: 221名执业护士完成第一轮 (20%合格的澳大利亚执业护士) 。加权受访者保留率为92%。共验证了73项标准, 最终的内容效度指数为92‐100%。规模级指数为98%, 对元专业分类法具有很强的验证性。 结论: 制定了一套由研究衍生并经专业认可的执业护士临床实践标准。这提供了一个广泛的临床学习结构与元专业指导执业护士学生临床教育。 影响: 临床实践标准和元专业分类加强了国内外护士临床教育和专业发展。这些新颖的研究方法和发现适用于其他保健专业的高级专业角色。.

Mitigating hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity (HF-IS) poses a challenge for shale gas companies and regulators alike. The use of Traffic Light Schemes (TLSs) is the most common way by which the hazards associated with HF-IS are mitigated. In this study, we discuss the implicit risk mitigation objectives of TLSs and explain the advantages of magnitude as the fundamental parameter to characterise induced seismic hazard. We go on to investigate some of the key assumptions on which TLSs are based, namely that magnitudes evolve relatively gradually from green to yellow to red thresholds (as opposed to larger events occurring “out-of-the-blue”), and that trailing event magnitudes do not increase substantially after injection stops. We compile HF-IS datasets from around the world, including the USA, Canada, the UK, and China, and track the temporal evolution of magnitudes in order to evaluate the extent to which magnitude jumps (i.e. sharp increases in magnitude from preceding events within a sequence) and trailing events occur. We find in the majority of cases magnitude jumps are less than 2 units. One quarter of cases experienced a post-injection magnitude increase, with the largest being 1.6. Trailing event increases generally occurred soon after injection, with most cases showing no increase in magnitude more than a few days after then end of injection. Hence, the effective operation of TLSs may require red-light thresholds to be set as much as two magnitude units below the threshold that the scheme is intended to avoid.

This paper advances understanding of the process and mechanism of endogenous inclusive development of information and communications technology (ICT) solutions. We present a case of a bottom of the pyramid (BoP) community in a rural area in China, which has achieved sustainable furniture e-commerce development independently. The case study demonstrates that e-commerce development in a disadvantaged area can start from a seed business model targeting a niche market with simple products, which will incur low costs and low skill requirements for entrepreneurs, and is thus able to scale up within local BoP community. In the second stage, BoP entrepreneurs must engage in intensive learning from the seed entrepreneur and other early movers to gain the required capabilities for operating the seed business model. In the last stage, BoP entrepreneurs need to focus on business model innovation and scoping, and form a local value chain and ecosystem for e-commerce development. Throughout the e-commerce development process, a seed entrepreneur plays specific critical roles at each stage. Practical implications for the BoP community to take advantage of ICT innovation to achieve sustainable development are given.

Private universities have high competition and demand to show their quality and reliable competitiveness. This research aims to analyze the attraction factor of private universities and their capabilities in supporting the development of marketing strategy and performance. This research applied a quantitative model with descriptive and verification analysis, and the used analytical tool is the SEM analysis model. The sampling technique is cluster proportional random sampling covering respondents from the stakeholders of the private university in West Java. The research findings prove that the attraction and capability factors have a significant influence on strategy, and the strategy has an effect on marketing performance, and the development of strategic planning as a strategic guideline in achieving the organization’s vision and mission, which in turn can realize superior marketing performance. Moreover, this study reveals that the capacity factor has an essential influence on private universities, in particular, when paying attention to the dynamic aspects of technology and information development. Technology and information have a very significant role in realizing the superior quality of universities and can build their perceptions in the community. Another important finding is that the capacity factor has a stronger effect than the attraction factor. That is, the capability factors consisting of resources, management systems, financial strength, infrastructure support, and information technology ownership have a very strong influence in determining marketing performance.

This article originally advances the field of organizational whistleblowing by empirically investigating the suitability of the four elements of the fraud diamond as a means to understand the intention to disclose wrongdoing through virtual channels. This article also makes a contribution on the theme of whistleblowing as it relates to customers, an under-studied, however, relevant stakeholder in this field. The main findings of the article are as follows: (a) the four elements of the fraud diamond as they relate to whistleblowing—a combination of pressure, financial incentive, opportunity and rationalization, and capability—can explain the intentions behind customer reports of wrongdoing; (b) online social media channels are customers’ preferred means of whistleblowing; (c) the elements of opportunity and capability are strongly correlated with the use of social media as a method of disclosing wrongdoing; and (d) virtual channels can be useful for whistleblowers in order to avoid potential retaliation. Unique managerial and academic implications of these research findings are also discussed, extending the layers of knowledge on whistleblowing in organizations.

In the light of the current coronavirus crisis, business-to-business firms face a variety of challenges in a complex and fast-changing environment. In order to provide structured analysis and to guide strategic decision-making, we present a novel, five-step approach for analyzing the impact of a crisis on a firm's business model. We applied the approach with eight business-to-business firms and find support for its usefulness. The evidence suggests very different impacts of the coronavirus crisis on business-to-business firms, and that understanding these differences is important for strategizing during the crisis but also to navigating successfully into the future. We also describe six different types of crisis impacts on business models. We conclude by developing managerial implications and questions for future research., Highlights • We present a novel, five-step approach for analyzing the impact of a crisis on a business model. • We define six different types of crisis impacts on business models. • We develop managerial implications for managing through a crisis by analyzing business model alignment.

Purpose We aimed to develop and assess the psychometric characteristics of the Hungarian language version of two well-being capability measures, the ICEpop CAPability measure for Adults/Older people (ICECAP-A/-O), and to establish population norms. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed involving a representative sample of the Hungarian population. Socio-demographic characteristics, the use and provision of informal care were recorded. The Minimum European Health Module (MEHM), EQ-5D-5L, WHO-5 well-being index, happiness and life satisfaction visual analogue scale (VAS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) measures were applied alongside the ICECAP-A (age-group 18–64) and ICECAP-O (age-group 65+). Results Altogether 1568 and 453 individuals completed the ICECAP-A/-O questionnaires, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.86 for both measures (internal consistency). Subgroup analyses showed positive associations between ICECAP-A/-O scores and marital status, employment, income, health status (MEHM) and informal care use (construct validity). Pearson correlations were strong (r > 0.5; p Conclusion This is the first study to provide ICECAP-A/-O population norms. Also, it is the first to explore associations with WHO-5 well-being index which, alongside the MEHM measures, enable estimates from routinely collected international health statistics. The Hungarian ICECAP-A/-O proved to be valid and reliable measurement tools. Socio-demographic characteristics had minor or no impact on ICECAP-A/-O. Other influencing factors deserve further investigation in future research.

OBJECTIVE: Develop a generic trans-disciplinary, skills-based capability framework for health professionals providing care for people with OA.DESIGN: e-Delphi survey. An international inter-professional Delphi Panel (researchers; clinicians; consumer representatives) considered a draft framework (adapted from elsewhere) of 131 specific capabilities mapped to 14 broader capability areas across four domains (A: person-centred approaches; B: assessment, investigation and diagnosis; C: management, interventions and prevention; D: service and professional development). Over three rounds, the Panel rated their agreement (Likert or numerical rating scales) on whether each specific capability in Domains B and C was essential (core) for all health professionals when providing care for all people with OA. Those achieving consensus (≥80% of Panel) rating of ≥ seven out of ten (Round 3) were retained. Generic domains (A and D) were included in the final framework and amended based on Panel comments.RESULTS: 173 people from 31 countries, spanning 18 disciplines and including 26 consumer representatives, participated. The final framework comprised 70 specific capabilities across 13 broad areas i) communication; ii) person-centred care; iii) history-taking; iv) physical assessment; v) investigations and diagnosis; vi) interventions and care planning; vii) prevention and lifestyle interventions; viii) self-management and behaviour change; ix) rehabilitative interventions; x) pharmacotherapy; xi) surgical interventions; xii) referrals and collaborative working; and xiii) evidence-based practice and service development).CONCLUSION: Experts agree that health professionals require an array of skills in person-centred approaches; assessment, investigation and diagnosis; management, interventions and prevention; and service and professional development to provide optimal care for people with OA.

This article focuses on targeted programs for low-SES students in two selective universities: Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland (Trinity Access Programmes/TAP) and the University of Oxford, UK (Lady Margaret Hall Foundation Year/LMH FY). The programs were collaborative developments, as examples of the potential of learning and adaptation across geographical contexts. It poses two questions: (a) How did the admissions processes in both universities change to target low-SES students? (b) How do social and academic support services for low-SES students, provided by two universities, contribute to the development of student capabilities? The article draws on the capability approach as the evaluative lens used to explore the two programs. Findings indicate (a) innovative approaches to socio-economic assessment in both programs, resulting in effective targeting of low-SES students, (b) the scaling of the programs beyond their initial remit and (c) the emergence of specific student capabilities through their engagement in the programs.

There is a wealth of research analyzing sender-receiver transfers within multinational corporations focusing on the characteristics of (a) the sender, (b) the receiver, (c) the knowledge subject to transfer, and (d) the immediate transfer context. However, less is known about how networks external to the sender-receiver transfer dyad influence the outcomes of a transfer project. In this paper, we focus on the receiving subunits' internal and external networks and how embedded actors in these networks influence transfer effectiveness. More specifically, by means of an inductive multiple-case study, we explore how internal and external networks of subunits influence the effectiveness of capability transfers from headquarters to subunits. We study 18 transfers of the same capability from headquarters to subunits’ innovation projects. We theorize about how the capacity and configuration of receiving subunits’ networks can have a unique and detrimental influence on transfer effectiveness. The results of our study suggest that the receiver in a transfer project is not so much a specific unit as a network.

Dengue represents a major public health concern. With effective vaccines in development, it is important to identify motivational factors to maximize dengue vaccine uptake. A cross-sectional, quantitative, electronic survey was administered to a nationally representative adult population (n = 3800) in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Willingness to vaccinate against dengue, and Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) toward dengue, vector control, prevention, and vaccination were determined. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation for Behavior change (COM-B) framework was used to identify factors correlated with dengue vaccine(s) uptake. KAP scores (standardized, 0–100% scale) resulted in a low global score for Knowledge (48%) and Practice (44%), and a moderate score for Attitude (66%); scores were comparable across countries. Of all respondents, 53% had a high willingness (Score: 8–10/10) to vaccinate against dengue, which was higher (59%) in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico) than in Asia Pacific (40%) (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore). Key factors significantly (p < 0.05) associated with increased willingness to vaccinate included accessibility to the public (subsidies and incentives) and trust in the healthcare system and government. A common approach to dengue prevention across endemic countries––with some country-specific customization, including education, vaccination, and vector control (multi-pronged)––may reduce dengue burden and improve outcomes.

Different wellbeing measures have been used among cancer patients. This study aimed to first investigate the sensitivity of health state utility (HSU), capability, and subjective wellbeing (SWB) instruments in cancer. A cancer-specific instrument (QLQ-C30) was included and transferred onto the cancer-specific HSU scores. Furthermore, it examined the relative importance of key life domains explaining overall life satisfaction. Data were drawn from the Multi-instrument Comparison survey. Linear regression was used to explore the extent to which the QLQ-C30 sub-scales explain HSU and SWB. Kernel-based Regularized Least Squares (KRLS), a machine learning method, was used to explore the life domain importance of cancer patients. As expected, the QLQ-C30 sub-scales explained the vast majority of the variance in its derived cancer-specific HSU (R2 = 0.96), followed by generic HSU instruments (R2 of 0.65–0.73) and SWB and capability instruments (R2 of 0.33–0.48). The cancer-specific measure was more closely correlated with generic HSU than SWB measures, owing to the construction of these instruments. In addition to health, life achievements, relationships, the standard of living, and future security all play an important role in explaining the overall life satisfaction of cancer patients.

Sweden, as a small alliance free state with powerful neighbors, has a military history ofwhat we nowadays call systems of systems thinking. Since the beginning of the Cold War thishas been expressed in an air force on the forefront of exploiting military innovations, not leastwith regard to sensor networks, datalinks, information sharing and distributed decisionmaking. How can this history and the lessons learned come to use when future systems andtechnologies are to be developed to meet the uncertain future and changing threats? How doesthis fit with current trends such as capability-based approach and system of systemsengineering methodology? What could this mean for the development of the next generationfighter aircraft - after the Gripen E and contemporary aircraft? These questions have beenstudied from both a government and industry perspective, following the trend in the defensesector of a more intertwined relationship between the two, necessitated by adopting acapability view on aircraft development. This paper presents preliminary lessons identifiedfrom a case study on the project Flygvapnet 2000 (FV2000), which preceded the Net CentricWarfare era at the turn of the millennium. The analysis was based on characteristics of bestpractice systems of systems engineering derived from a review of literature presenting themethodology theory on capability-based approaches for analyzing, acquiring, developing, andmanaging military capabilities. The findings from this project will contribute to thedevelopment of systems of systems engineering methods and will spur proposals for futureresearch.

The aim of the research is to examine both the innovation performance of the electric/electronic firms within the technopark sector, and in addition, the internal-to-firm transaction costs and imitation capability that affect relationships and competition between the variables. In general, products that firms offer to the market are affected by each other, and in this case, the imitation capabilities of firms come to the fore. However, in order to be successful in an innovative and competitive environment, it is necessary to effectively manage the internal-to-firm transaction costs. Within the scope of the study, a survey was given to the engineers working in the electrical/electronic firms that produce and innovate within the body of technopark in Istanbul. A face-to-face survey study was conducted since production was not interrupted in the firms working in technopark during the pandemic process and remote working conditions were not possible for the production sector. Randomly selected firms were visited and 501 employees were interviewed. Analyses were made using the SmartPLS 3.4 Program; a 5-point Likert scale was used for the survey; factor analysis was used to determine the suitability of the scale expressions; reliability/validity analyzes were used to determine the consistency of the scale; and correlation analysis was used to determine the degree of relationship between the variables. Finally, path analysis was used to test the hypotheses, and the same program was used to determine the mediation effect. The results of the analyses showed that the cost of intra-firm transaction and imitation capability have positive effects on innovation performance and the competitiveness of the firms. O objetivo da pesquisa é examinar o desempenho inovador das firmas eletroeletrônicas dentro do tecnoparque em seu setor e o custo de transação interno para a firma e a capacidade de imitação que afetam a competitividade da firma e as relações entre as variáveis. Os produtos que as empresas oferecem ao mercado são afetados uns pelos outros. Nesse caso, as capacidades de imitação das empresas vêm à tona. No entanto, para ter sucesso em inovação e ambiente competitivo, é necessário gerenciar bem os custos de transação entre empresas. No âmbito do estudo, foi realizado um inquérito aos engenheiros que trabalham nas empresas eléctricas / electrónicas que produzem e inovam no technopark de Istambul. Um estudo de pesquisa face a face poderia ser realizado, uma vez que a produção não foi interrompida nas empresas que trabalham no Technopark mesmo durante o processo pandêmico e condições remotas de trabalho não foram possíveis para o setor produtivo. Empresas selecionadas aleatoriamente foram visitadas e 501 funcionários foram entrevistados. As análises foram feitas usando o programa SmartPLS 3.4. Uma escala Likert de 5 pontos foi usada na pesquisa, a análise fatorial foi usada para determinar a adequação das expressões da escala, as análises de confiabilidade / validade foram usadas para determinar a consistência da escala e a análise de correlação foi usada para determinar o grau de relacionamento entre as variáveis. A análise de caminho foi usada para testar as hipóteses. O mesmo programa foi usado para determinar o efeito da mediação. Como resultado das análises, pode-se explicar que o custo de transação intra-firma e a capacidade de imitação têm efeitos positivos no desempenho inovador e na competitividade das firmas.

Ushbu maqola kadrlar siyosati va kadrlarni tanlashda psixologik omillarning ahamiyatiga bag���ishlangan bo���lib, bugungi kun talablariga javob beruvchi kadrlarni shakllantirish va uning kompotenti, fazilatlari va salohiyatini aniqlash va rivojlantirishda psixologik munosabatlarning zarurligi ochib berilgan, This article focuses on the importance of psychological factors in personnel policy and staff selection, and explains the necessity of psychological intercourse in the formation and development of composers, qualifications and capacities of today's requirements.

The authors participated equally in the development of this research Tourism in the wine region of Central Serbia has been gaining more and more affirmation in recent years. This wine destination offers to tourists a rich wine culture and recreation. Also, as a special supplement to wine tourism, ecotourism is especially promoted, in combination with quality wines with geographical origin. The basic analysis of this study is to identify potential locations for ecotourism activities in the wine region of Central Serbia based on physical-geographical elements (topography, altitude, slope, land use / coverage, diversity, distance from rivers) and socio-economic data (proximity to tourist attractions, distance from major roads and places). The integration of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) greatly facilitates the decision-making process in the assessment of ecotourism activities. As a result of this paper, a map of benefits for the development of ecotourism potentials was highlighted. Very high potential is shown by forest areas that can play a key role in tourism but are not fully used. This analysis helps in two ways: the promotion of ecotourism and viticultural destinations. In particular, in the assessment and implementation for local communities to identify tourism as an opportunity for economic development. This research was funded by the projects: “New strategies for new tourist conflicts in Andalusian historic centres”, Andalusian FEDER Operational Program (UMA20-FEDERJA- 005), Spain, and “Residents versus tourists in Andalusian historic centres? Conflicts, strategies and new post-Covid scenarios” (P20_01198) financed by the Andalusian Plan for Research, Development and Innovation (PAIDI 2020), Spain.

Criticism on the use of the income/expenditure poverty line to estimate the number of the poor in Indonesia leads to questioning the use of the multidimensional poverty line (MPL) measurement. While current research on the defining variables, dimensions, and indicators to develop the MPL measurement in Indonesia was not based on direct views of the poor and the non-poor household heads, we complement this research gap by examining it based on direct views of the poor and the non-poor household heads. Methods used to collect the empirical data were conducted in four stages. The first stage was by organizing a Focus Group Discussion with twenty-five participants. The second stage was by conducting a pilot for the main survey on thirty poor and non-poor household heads. The third stage was by distributing the main survey questionnaire to 274 non-poor and 315 poor household head respondents in six representative locations in Indonesia. The fourth stage was by taking in-depth interviews with 8–12 key informants in each survey location. These data were further analysed by employing the qualitative technique. The results confirmed that the poor and the non-poor household head respondents, and the interviewees under the survey viewed the MPL measurement as a comprehensive and better poverty measurement. However, dimensions and indicators that were viewed to be important in developing the MPL measurement were mostly in the groups of three variables. These three variables were capability, empowerment, and opportunity. These three variables should be no hierarchy of importance in developing the MPL measurement as well as in formulating policy and programs to eradicate the incidence of poverty in Indonesia.

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, together with globalization and advanced technologies, has drastically changed the business environment and forced companies to become more innovative and agile in the way they run their business and respond to the needs and wants of customers. Survival highly depends on the adaptability of SMEs to this ever-changing complex dynamic environment by taking steps in implementing Big Data Analytics as the next frontier for innovation, competition, productivity, and value creation. Based on the grounded theory, this study employed a qualitative method via focus group discussion. Focus groups were conducted with 14 government agencies, SMEs associations, business owners, Chief Operating Officers (CEOs), academic and industrial experts and directors of SMEs in Malaysia. The study revealed the challenges of Malaysian SMEs in adopting Big Data Analytics Capability, presents the criticality of Big Data Analytics Capability to overcome the identified challenges, and develops a BDA Capability Ecosystem Model that integrates the internal enablers, external barriers and support to explain the adoption of BDA Capability for value creation and support the decision-making process. This paper is followed by some policy suggestions for companies’ owners, policymakers, government agencies, universities, and SMEs. This study directly impacts Malaysia’s economy as a whole by addressing Malaysia’s Shared Prosperity Vision 2030. This research contributes to industries that are still in the low value added category with low adoption of technology. Furthermore, it will ultimately lead to the realization of SMEs as ‘game changers’ to transition the economy to a high-income nation. This study proposes a model that could help SMEs improve their value creation performance, directly influencing the country’s GDP and employability.

I13 is a 250 m long hard X-ray beamline for imaging and coherence experiments at the Diamond Light Source [1]. The beamline comprises two independent experimental branches: one for imaging in direct space using X-ray microscopy and one for imaging in reciprocal space using coherent imaging techniques. The mechanical stability is very important for implementation of increased capabilities at latest generation of long beamlines [2]. Therefore, the beam stability monitoring is essential part of the day-to-day operation of the beamlines as well as for analysis of mechanical instability sources for the Diamond II upgrade. In this paper we present the setup developed to measure mechanical stability of beamline based on optical autocollimator.

Archinaut Development Phase 1: Additive Manufacturing proven in a simulated LEO environment in June 2017 Phase 1 Option: Combination demonstrated in a simulated LEO environment in September 2018 Phase 2: Class D NASA flight demonstration mission to autonomously manufacture polymer beams on orbit

The ongoing technological development leads to the emergence of a new value-creation paradigm that calls for changes and structural transformations in economic systems at different levels. Structural transformations are prompted by growing economic complexity. In this context, the selection of industrial strategies and the validation of key regional industrial policies is of paramount importance. Economic complexity (EC) analysis is a new effective tool to address the issue. Its application at a subnational level is, however, limited by methodological problems. To analyse economic complexity at a subnational level, a basic methodology and special software were developed within this study. The object of the research is the exclave Kaliningrad region, whose location makes it possible to capture accurate and comprehensive data on international and interregional trade. Based on the EC analysis theory and practice, the study involved the development of methods, algorithms, and software to form a source database and measure economic complexity. The findings may guide the use of EC analyses in regional policies. The article suggests activities for sequential upgrading of the industry in the Kaliningrad region. These activities will facilitate the development of the existing and new capabilities, improve the business environment, and increase the complexity of products, productions, and industries.

According to the Military doctrine ofUkraine, one of the central tasks is to reform the Armed Forces of Ukraine in order to achieve interoperability and technical compatibility with the armed forces of NATO member states, as well as adherence to the standards of work, division of functions and core tasks adopted in the EU and NATO member states. Today, there is a need to improve the system of communication between governing bodies in the military management system. However, the slow pace of implementation of NATO standards is significantly hampering this process. One reason for this is the lack of attention to the adaptation of the Ukrainian Armed Forces' operational planning system to similar systems used in NATO countries. The article analyzes the principal principles of the communications organization and discusses the key steps involved in developing an operational plan based on the capabilities of NATO member countries. Since communication planning is one of the major elements of NATO operations planning, the authors of that article analyzed the operational planning of the communications and information system planning, taking into account the need to alignUkraine's Armed Forces management systems with NATO standards. During the research, the authors examined the main steps involved in planning the communications system, identified the factors that influence its planning process. Therefore, a promising direction for further research by the authors should be considered the justification of ways to improve the planning process of the Armed Forces communications system and detailed research of NATO documentation and standards, in terms of organization and planning of communications, in order to explain the requirements for the military management system inUkraine. This will allow the harmonization (integration) ofUkraine's national development plans with the NATO defense plan.

This paper presents how to use the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) in software engineering modeling processes. Any variation of CMMI, depending on the scope of application, can also be used to assess the process maturity of an organization. Regarding the Software Reliability Engineering (SRE) process, the activities in the SRE process have been briefly described, noting that the application of SRE in all software-based products leads to good control over the development process.