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Since the 1950s, medieval burial sites in Mongolia have been systematically excavated. Among them, tombs belonging to the period of the formation and further expansion of the Mongol Empire have been identified. This article presents an overview of the excavations of such graves that have been carried out. Mongolian and foreign specialists were involved in these activities. The archaeological teams of the Soviet-Mongolian Historical and Cultural Expedition led by A.P. Okladnikov made a major contribution. About 700 medieval burials at over 100 sites have been excavated in Mongolia to date. Not all the results, however, have been published to date. Three main types of burials have been identified: aristocratic graves, burial mounds of common nomads and rock burials. The presented historiographical review makes it possible to identify four stages in the study of medieval burial complexes in Mongolia. The available material provides an opportunity to carry out a large programme of modern, comprehensive research. The results will give substance to various aspects of life and activities of the nomads of Inner Asia during the developed Middle Ages. It will be important to compare such data with written and pictorial sources., Начиная с 1950-х гг. в Монголии систематически проводились раскопки средневековых погребальных памятников. Среди них были выявлены погребения, относящиеся к периоду формирования и дальнейшему расширению Монгольской империи. В статье представлен обзор осуществленных раскопок таких могил. В этой деятельности принимали участие монгольские и зарубежные специалисты. Большой вклад внесли археологические отряды Советско-монгольской историко-культурной экспедиции под руководством А.П. Окладникова. К настоящему времени в Монголии раскопано около 700 средневековых могил на более 100 памятниках. Однако не все результаты до сих пор опубликованы. Выделяются три основных типа исследованных погребений: аристократические могилы, курганы рядовых кочевников и скальные захоронения. Представленный историографический обзор позволяет выделить четыре этапа в изучении средневековых погребальных комплексов Монголии. Имеющиеся материалы дают возможность осуществить большую программу современных комплексных исследований. Полученные результаты наполнят содержанием разные аспекты жизни и деятельности кочевников Внутренней Азии в период развитого Средневековья. Важным станет сравнение таких данных с письменными и изобразительными источниками.

Geophysical surveys have been one of the most useful tools for non‐invasive archaeological field assessment. Whereas they have been regularly put into practice at the archaeological site of Santa Margarida (Martorell, Barcelona, Spain), the particular features of the site required a more specific strategy to identify the contact interface between anthropogenic and natural deposits and, therefore, to conclude the archaeological excavation. As the archaeological site is settled on Quaternary alluvia at the confluence of two rivers, and in the absence of built structures in some areas, it was extremely difficult to distinguish between anthropic layers and those silty or sandy natural deposits during fieldwork. Extensive soil survey by means of borehole logging, full‐coring, and Dynamic Penetrometer Super Heavy testing within this site has proved to be a useful strategy to identify the geological horizon and to map the original relief of past landscape before excavation tasks. This enabled us to plan our fieldwork better and to interpret particular features of the site. This paper aims at summarising the results of recent surveys and discussing the potential of this approach for the study of rural settlements and agrarian landscapes in the Middle Age.

[spa] En este trabajo presentamos los materiales recuperados en la excavación del abrigo de la Font d'Horta (Vilafranca, Castelló). Las características de estos materiales, entre las que destacan las armaduras geométricas (entre ellas un segmento de doble bisel) y la datación obtenida sobre hueso, nos remiten a los momentos de transición entre las últimas poblaciones cazadoras y recolectoras y la llegada de las primeras comunidades neolíticas. La valoración de los datos en el contexto de la zona del Maestrat/Maestrazgo y sus vínculos con el litoral mediterráneo y el valle del Ebro nos permiten discutir su posible vinculación con unas u otras poblaciones, concluyendo que nos encontramos ante una ocupación de las últimas poblaciones mesolíticas de este territorio., [eus] Lan honetan, Font d'Hortako (Vilafranca, Castelló) babeslekuko indusketatik berreskuratutako materialak azaltzen dira. Material horien ezaugarriak ikusita, ehiztarien eta biltzaileen azken populazioen eta lehen komunitate neolitikoen arteko trantsizio-unekoak direla ondoriozta dezakegu. Material horien artean, armadura geometrikoak (haien artean, alaka bikoitzeko segmentu bat) eta hezurretik lortutako datazioa nabarmendu behar ditugu. Datuak Maestrat/Maestrazgo eskualdeko testuinguruaren eta Mediterraneoko itsasertzarekin eta Ebro haranarekin dituen loturen arabera baloratzeak beste populazio batzuekin izan zezaketen harremana aztertzea ahalbidetu digu eta, ateratako ondorioen arabera, horixe litzateke eskualde hartako Mesolitoko azken populazioetako baten okupazio bat.

[ES] Este trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar los métodos de conservación in situ aplicables a los hallazgos arqueológicos de los loberos-balleneros, los cuales están compuestos por material proveniente del archipiélago Shetland del Sur (Antártida Occidental). Los loberos-balleneros fueron marineros llevados al territorio por compañías de caza de mamíferos marinos en los siglos XVIII y XIX. Esos cazadores habitaban temporalmente en refugios construidos en la Antártida. Las huellas que dejaron se caracterizan por la presencia de materiales muy frágiles, que se conservan debido a las condiciones ambientales particulares del continente antártico. Desde la primera expedición de excavación hecha por el Laboratorio de Estudios Antárticos en Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais (Leach), en 2010, un eje de investigación ha estado articulando la metodología de excavación a la conservación in situ. Este eje ha dado paso a este proyecto de investigación doctoral desarrollado en la Universitat Politècnica de València., [CA] Aquest treball té com a objectiu investigar els mètodes de conservació in situ aplicables a lestroballes arqueològiques dels loberos-balleners, els quals estan compostos per material provinent de l'arxipèlag Shetland de Sud (Antàrtica Occidental). Els loberos-balleners van ser mariners duts al territori per companyies de caça de mamífers marins en els segles XVIII i XIX. Aquests caçadors habitaven temporalment en refugis construïts a l'Antàrtica. Les petjades que van deixar es caracteritzen per la presència de materials molt fràgils, que només es conserven a causa de les condicions ambientals particulars del continent antàrtic. Des de la primera expedició d'excavació feta pel Laboratori d'Estudis Antàrtics en Ciències Humanes de la Universitat Federal de Mines Gerais (Leach), el 2010, un eix d'investigació ha estat articulant la metodologia d'excavació a la conservació in situ. Aquest eix ha donat pas a aquest projecte de recerca doctoral desenvolupat a la Universitat Politècnica de València., [EN] The proposal aims investigate the methods of the in situ preservation of the whalers' archaeological remains, concerning to the South Shetland Archipelago (Occidental Antarctica). The whalers were sailors taken to the territory by companies hunting of marine mammals of the 18th and 19th centuries. These hunters lived temporarily in shelters made in Antarctica. These traces are characterized by the presence of very fragile materials, that only preserved by the specific environmental conditions provided by the Antarctic context. Since the first excavation expedition made by of the Antarctic Studies Laboratory in Human Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (Leach) in 2010, an axis of investigation is articulating the methodology excavation with the in situ conservation, which has become this PhD research project, developed together with the Universitat Politècnica de València., La investigación ha recibido apoyo de la FAPEMIG, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Proyecto APQ 01366-17), del PROANTAR, Programa Antártico Brasileiro, y se ha llevado a cabo gracias al Programa de Doutorado Pleno no Exterior da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior‒CAPES (Brasil), por medio del Programa de Doutorado Pleno no Exterior de 2015.

[spa] Las excavaciones arqueológicas en la fortaleza medieval de Mendikute (Albiztur, Guipúzcoa) permitieron recuperar una numerosa colección de materiales metálicos entre los que se cuentan un volumen considerable de restos de armamento. Este conjunto de material bélico, que incluye puntas de lanza, saetas y otros elementos no proyectiles como dagas, cuchillos y algunos útiles auxiliares de la actividad militar, ha sido documentado a lo largo de los últimos años y analizado desde una perspectiva morfológica y funcional a fin de definir una tipología precisa con base en datos morfométricos cuantificables. La colección presenta numerosos paralelos con otros ejemplares coetáneos y su interpretación con base en un registro arqueológico detallado ofrece valiosa información para el conocimiento de las prácticas militares de la Baja Edad Media., [eng] A wide collection of metallic materials was discovered during the archaeological fieldwork at the medieval fortress of Mendikute (Albiztur, Gipuzkoa). Amongst these, there is a considerable amount of weapon fragments. This assemblage of weaponry includes spear fragments, arrows and other non-projectile elements such as daggers, knives or auxiliary tools for military activity. The collection has been documented during the last few years and approached by means of morphological and functional analyses, in order to define a precise typology based on quantifiable morphometric data. There are numerous parallels for these weapons in correlation with other contem- porary specimens. Their interpretation built upon a detailed archaeological record offers valuable information for the knowledge of the military practices of the Late Middle Ages.

[Esp]La documentación del patrimonio es fundamental para su estudio y conservación, además de ser una herramienta para el conocimiento y divulgación científica. La pieza en cuestión fue descubierta en 2014 en el yacimiento arqueológico de los Torrejones en Yecla, es una pieza de gran calidad del siglo II d.C., en la época Altoimperial romana, actualmente expuesta en el Museo Arqueológico de Yecla. Se realiza una modelización tridimensional de la pieza utilizando la fotogrametría terrestre convergente y la topografía clásica, obteniendo un modelo preciso de malla triangular que serviría para la realización de la diferente documentación gráfica, análisis y realización de modelos impresos en 3D. A través del modelo obtenido se realiza un segundo modelo optimizado de malla cuadrangular, generado sin perder calidad visual, pero a su vez siendo mucho más ligero permitiendo su uso para divulgación, subida a repositorios de modelos 3D y posible visualización en dispositivos móviles (Apollonio et al., 2021). El modelo optimizado se ha incluido en una hipotética reconstrucción de la villa (García-León, et al., 2021) donde fue localizado, dotando así de contexto a la pieza.[Eng]The documentation of heritage is fundamental for its study and conservation, as well as being a tool for scientific knowledge and dissemination. The piece in question was discovered in 2014 at the archaeological site of Los Torrejones in Yecla, it is a high quality piece from the 2nd century AD, in the Later Roman Empire period. A three-dimensional modelling of the piece is carried out using convergent terrestrial photogrammetry and classical topography, obtaining an accurate triangular mesh model that would be used for the different graphic documentation, analysis and creation of 3D printed models. Through the model obtained, a second optimised quadrangular mesh model is created, generated without losing visual quality, but at the same time being much lighter, allowing its use for dissemination, uploading to 3D model repositories and possible visualisation on mobile devices (Apollonio et al., 2021). The optimised model has been included in a hypothetical reconstruction of the villa (García-León, et al., 2021) where it was located, thus providing context to the piece Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de Edificación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Las excavaciones arqueológicas practicadas año tras año en la ciudad hispanorromana de Baelo Claudia han permitido documentar hasta la fecha varios contextos de gran relevancia asociados a la continuidad de ocupación de esta importante urbe durante la Antigüedad Tardía. Entre los numerosos contextos cerámicos de época tardorromana recuperados en el yacimiento, se ha identificado un porcentaje menor, pero destacable, de producciones manufacturadas a mano o a torno lento. Algunos de estos ejemplares han sido publicados con anterioridad (p.ej. Bernal-Casasola et alii 2013, 2016a; Brassous et alii 2017), aunque hasta el momento no han sido objeto de estudios específicos orientados sobre todo a explorar el problema de la determinación de su origen o proveniencia. Actualmente, hemos puesto en marcha un programa de caracterización arqueométrica cuya finalidad principal es examinar la diversidad de estas producciones a mano/torno lento en el yacimiento e investigar su proveniencia.

[spa] El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral ha sido contrastar las políticas sobre participación social desarrolladas por la UNESCO con su implementación por parte del Estado mexicano. Los objetivos específicos han sido, primero, analizar las áreas y niveles de participación social de la población local; segundo, identificar el impacto social de la inscripción de los sitios en la lista; y, tercero, documentar la relación entre los gestores de los sitios y los pobladores locales. La hipótesis central de partida ha sido que México no ha alcanzado los estándares de participación social esperados por la UNESCO; siendo las hipótesis secundarias: primera, que la participación social es mínima debido al modelo centralista de gestión patrimonial; segunda, que el impacto social ha sido poco significativo; y, tercera, que la relación entre los gestores y los pobladores no favorece la participación real y llega a ser de antagonismo. Para alcanzar los objetivos y validar las hipótesis, se seleccionaron cuatro casos representativos basándonos en criterios cuantitativos y cualitativos, dando como resultado los sitios de Palenque, Teotihuacan, El Tajín y Calakmul. La investigación se desarrolló utilizando la metodología Procedimiento de Análisis Etnográfico Rápido (Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Procedures, REAP) aplicado en los grupos de interés dentro de cada sitio, quedando definidos cinco grandes grupos: gestores oficiales, autoridades locales, sector comercial, sector social y líderes locales, buscando tener una representación de los cinco sectores en los casos analizados. Las áreas de participación a analizar fueron cuatro: gestión, monitoreo, planeación y turismo, utilizando como un baremo del nivel de participación una escala de cuatro grados (nulo, bajo, medio y alto) adaptada de los ocho peldaños de la “Escalera de la Participación” de Sherry Arnstein (1969). En esta tesis doctoral se concluye que México no ha alcanzado los estándares internacionales sobre participación entre la población local. En lo que respecta a las áreas y niveles de participación, los gestores tienen los más altos niveles en la toma decisiones en las áreas de gestión, planificación y monitoreo, mientras que el resto de los agentes implicados, desde autoridades locales hasta la sociedad civil, sólo alcanzan niveles medios y altos de participación en el área de turismo, debido en parte a que las entidades gestoras no tienen competencias en dicha área. En cuanto al impacto social de la inscripción, en todos los casos encontramos un escaso o inexistente impacto a nivel local en la mayoría de los casos, ya que las condiciones de pobreza siguen siendo generalizadas y ni la patrimonialización y el aumento la afluencia turística ha modificado substancialmente los indicadores de pobreza y marginación de la población local. Finalmente, respecto a documentar la relación entre los gestores de los sitios con las poblaciones locales, encontramos en todos los casos muy poca relación coordinada a favor del sitio. De hecho, en la mayoría de los sitios identificamos un antagonismo profundo e histórico entre el INAH y la población local, que es significativamente menor cuando se trata de la CONANP para los sitios donde concurren ambas instituciones. Con los resultados obtenidos podemos afirmar que las hipótesis planteadas originalmente son válidas y que en términos generales se necesita replantear de forma importante el modelo de gestión de los sitios arqueológicos Patrimonio Mundial en México de manera que lleguen a cumplir con las políticas de participación social establecidas por la UNESCO. Para lograrlo, esta tesis doctoral ha planteado, en su reflexión final, que el modelo de gestión patrimonial debe reflexionarse desde el interior de las instituciones internacionales y aprovechar las buenas prácticas presentes dentro y fuera del ámbito patrimonial hacia un modelo más sostenible, para lo cual la participación social es imprescindible., [eng] The general objective of this doctoral thesis has been to compare and contrast the policies of social participation developed by UNESCO with their implementation by the Mexican State. The specific objectives have been, first, to analyse the areas and levels of social participation of the local population; second, to identify the social impact of the inscription of the sites on the list; and third, to document the relationship between the site managers and the local inhabitants. To achieve the objectives, four representative cases were selected based on quantitative and qualitative criteria, resulting in an analysis of the sites of Palenque, Teotihuacan, El Tajín and Calakmul. The research was carried out using the “Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Procedures” (REAP) methodology applied to five main groups: official managers, local authorities, the commercial sector, the social sector, and local leaders. The areas of participation analysed were four: management, monitoring, planning and tourism, using a four-degree scale (null, low, medium and high) adapted from the eight steps of Sherry Arnstein's "Ladder of Participation" (1969). This doctoral thesis concludes that Mexico has not achieved the international standards on participation of local population. With regard to the areas and levels of participation, managers have the highest levels of decision-making in the areas of management, planning and monitoring, while the rest of the agents involved— from local authorities to civil society— only reach medium and high levels of participation in the area of tourism. With regard to the social impact of the World Heritage inscription, in all cases we found little or no impact at the local level in most cases. Finally, with regard to documenting the relationship between site managers and local inhabitants, we found in all cases very little coordinated relationship between sites and local populations. With the results obtained, we can affirm the management model for World Heritage archaeological sites in Mexico must be profoundly reconfigured in order to comply with the social participation policies established by UNESCO. To achieve this, this doctoral thesis has proposed, in the final reflection, that the model of heritage management should be reflected upon from within international institutions and should take advantage of the good practices present within and outside the field of heritage towards a more sustainable model, of which meaningful social participation is essential.

2-s2.0-85091978994 The Binbirkilise region has maintained its existence as an important religious and cultural center from the Hittites to the last period of the Eastern Roman Empire. There are many monuments in the region dating back to these periods. Among the region monuments, a Roman mausoleum draws attention along with its construction system and original form. This mausoleum was recently (2015) completely unearthed in the archaeological excavations carried out by the archaeologists of the Karaman Museum. Since then serious deterioration problems started to occur of atmospheric, biological and human origin. Several non destructive techniques (NDT) were applied and relevant measurements undertaken such as; temperature (ST), surface moisture (SM), Schmidt hammer rebound (SHR), and P-wave velocity (Vp) tests, 3D photogrammetry, thin sections, polarizing microscope, XRF analyses, XRD, mainly used to determine the deterioration conditions of building stones on the surface. The NDM innovative approach contributed to the understanding of the deterioration dynamics. It has been determined that a white crust formation on the parts of the monument unearthed by excavations and this crust formation affects the deterioration process of the building stones. © 2020, University of AEGEAN. All rights reserved.

Straipsnyje analizuojami 2013 ir 2015 m. Žiežmariuose archeologinių kasinėjimų metu surasti odiniai radiniai. Atskleidžiama jų įvairovė, analizuojama dirbinių konstrukcija ir gamybos ypatumai. Lietuvos periferijos miestelių archeologiniuose kultūriniuose sluoksniuose šios rūšies dirbinių retai aptinkama. Jų tyrimai padeda geriau pažinti nuo ekonominių ir politinių centrų nutolusių miestelių kasdienio gyvenimo specifiką. The article investigates archaeological leather finds that were unearthed in Žiežmariai during archaeological excavations in years 2013 and 2015. A variety of finds is revealed; the constructions of items and the peculiarities of producing have been analyzed. These kinds of artifacts are rare in the archaeological stretches of the Lithuanian periphery towns. Their analysis lead us to a better understanding of the specific features of the daily life of periphery towns, which are situated in distant locations from the economic and political centers.

Archaeological excavations allow us to investigate archaeological heritage, but at the same time, they leadto its destruction. Multi-layer archaeological sites, which were settled during multiple stages of occupation andinclude several cultural horizons, represent a number of events. Their “decoding” is possible only by applicationof various methods – archaeological, natural-scientific, as well as the use of virtual modelling. Archaeologicalexcavations allow tracing of different stages of people inhabitation, whereas digital reconstruction gives thepossibility to visualize these stages and reconstruct disappeared archaeological heritage, destroyed in thecourse of people activity during long time. In this case archaeological field documentation, precise recording,further researches and reconstructions based on them are tightly interrelated. Combination ofdifferent methods gives the potential of preservingand telling the stories in a way that was never possiblebefore; creating time pictures of explorableareas with an unprecedented level of detail byusing animation and reconstruction methods,which could finally contribute a lot to interpretationof the sites. Computer-based visualisation seeks torepresent the existing state, an evidence-basedrestoration or a hypothetical reconstruction of acultural heritage object or site, and the extent andnature of any factual uncertainty. Such a combination of methodswas applied during researches of Neolithic sites in North-Western Russia, in Dnepr-Dvina region.Analysis made in Dnepr-Dvina areaallowed making virtual reconstructions of severalsites, tracing particularities of artefacts depositionand cultural layers formation, identifying particularitiesof paleoenvironmental situation duringdifferent periods and finally visualization ofancient sites.

For decades, taphonomists have dedicated their efforts to assessing the nature of the massive leporid accumulations recovered at archaeological sites in the northwestern Mediterranean region. Their interest lying in the fact that the European rabbit constituted a critical part of human subsistence during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. However, rabbits are also a key prey in the food webs of Mediterranean ecosystems and the base of the diet for several specialist predators, including the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). For this reason, the origin of rabbit accumulations in northwestern Mediterranean sites has proved a veritable conundrum. Here, we present the zooarchaeological and taphonomic study of more than 3000 faunal and 140 coprolite remains recovered in layer IIIa of Cova del Gegant (Catalonia, Spain). Our analysis indicates that this layer served primarily as a den for the Iberian lynx. The lynxes modified and accumulated rabbit remains and also died at the site creating an accumulation dominated by the two taxa. However, other agents and processes, including human, intervened in the final configuration of the assemblage. Our study contributes to characterizing the Iberian lynx fossil accumulation differentiating between the faunal assemblages accumulated by lynxes and hominins.

Research carried out between 2014 and 2019 on this im­portant site, strategically located between the basins of the Ebro and Matarraña rivers, combined extensive excavation, intensive survey of the settlement and its immediate surroundings, inter­disciplinary analysis, and a review of previous works. The re­sults throw new light on the evolution of the settlement between the Early Iron Age and the Early Empire. Its initial extension must have been reduced, and aimed to control the territory from a large tower, while in the 3rd century BC the settlement reached its maximum surface (3 ha) and a large aristocratic mansion was erected. This evolution reflects the stratification and urban­isation processes of the Iberian society in the area, which would be truncated by the Roman conquest. In the Roman Republican era, a fortified building was built that recovered the site’s func­tion as a control point; this would be sporadically occupied during the early Roman Empire., Los trabajos realizados entre 2014 y 2019 en este im­portante núcleo, situado estratégicamente entre las cuencas de los ríos Ebro y Matarraña, han combinado la excavación en extensión, la prospección intensiva del asentamiento y de su entorno inmediato, los análisis interdisciplinares y la re­visión de las intervenciones anteriores. Los resultados per­miten reinterpretar la evolución del asentamiento entre el Primer Hierro y el Alto Imperio. Su extensión inicial debió de ser reducida, con una función limitada al control del te­rritorio y ejercida desde una gran torre, mientras que en el siglo III a. C. alcanzó su máxima extensión (3 ha) y se eri­gió una gran mansión aristocrática. Esta evolución refleja el proceso de estratificación y urbanización de la sociedad ibé­rica de la zona, truncado por la conquista romana. En época romano-republicana se construyó un edificio fortificado que recuperó la función de punto de control, para pasar a ser ocupado esporádicamente en el Alto Imperio.

İnsanlık tarihinde belli bir aşama Tunç Çağıdır. Azerbaycan'ın batı ve güney bölgelerinde düzinelerce Tunç Çağı kültürü eseri incelenmiştir. Bu açıdan, Gobustan topraklarında Doğu Azerbaycan'da son 10 yılda bu döneme ait anıtların keşfi ve incelenmesi özel bir önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmamız, Azerbaycan'ın bu bölgesinde Tunç Çağı'nın maddi ve kültürel kalıntılarının incelenmesine yöneliktir. Gobustan'daki arkeolojik anıtların incelenmesi, Mezolitik'ten Orta Çağ'a kadar geniş bir tarihsel dönemi kapsayan bir antik kaya resimleri kompleksinin incelenmesi ile başladı. Gobustan kayaları üzerindeki antik resimlar, geniş bir tarihsel dönemi, çeşitli arazileri ve kompozisyonu kapsaması açısından araştırmacıların dikkatini giderek daha fazla çekiyor. Gobustan'daki arkeolojik kazıların sonuçları, antik kaya oymalarının döneminin belirlenmesinde özel bir öneme sahiptir. Tabii ki Gobustan'daki arkeolojik kazılardan önce, Gobustan kaya oymalarının yaşı, Taş Devri'nin sonundan itibaren, MÖ 5. ve 3. bin yıllar arasında çok gençti. VIII-VI bin yıla kadar derinleştirildi. 1965 yılından bu yana yapılan arkeolojik kazılar ve araştırmalar, Gobustan'daki yaşamın Üst Neolitik dönemin sonuna, Mezolitik dönemin başlangıcı olan MÖ XIII-XII bin yıllarına kadar uzandığını göstermiştir. Gobustan'daki kaya resimlerinin teması çok ve renklidir. Her birinin çekiminde özel bir amacı vardır ve zamanın yaşam talepleriyle, kolektifin sosyal, politik ve dini görüşleriyle ilgilidir.

La ciudad romana y tardoantigua de Pollentia (Alcúdia, Mallorca) tiene una larga tradición de investigaciones arqueológicas que, año tras año, continúa ofreciendo evidencias de suma relevancia para la comprensión tanto del desarrollo histórico de la ciudad en sí misma como del papel crucial que desempeñó en el contexto de las Baleares y en las rutas de comercio del Mediterráneo occidental a lo largo de los siglos (p.ej. Arribas et alii 1973; Orfila et alii 1999, 2006; Orfila 2000; Cau y Chávez 2003). Uno de los sectores del yacimiento que ha recibido especial atención en años recientes es el de la Fortificación Tardía en el área del forum (Fig. 1) (Riera et alii 1999; Orfila et alii 2000), donde se han documentado importantes contextos arqueológicos que permiten comprender mejor la evolución de esta parte de la ciudad durante la Antigüedad Tardía

[spa] En este artículo se presentan las principales aportaciones de la micromorfología al estudio del hipogeo del Carrer París (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona), datado entre 2878-2206 cal bc. El hipogeo del Carrer París comienza a utilizarse antes de la adopción del complejo campaniforme localizándose un primer nivel de inhumación colectiva propio del Neolítico Final-Calcolítico. Le seguirán tres episodios de inhumacio-nes asociadas a vasos campaniformes de diferentes tipologías. El uso continuado del sepulcro pone de manifiesto la evolución de las prácticas funerarias propias del Neolítico hacia una progresiva tendencia a la individualiza-ción de las inhumaciones paralela a la adopción de las cerámicas campaniformes.Del estudio realizado se deduce que el hipogeo fue concebido y construido con suficiente antelación a su uso y existió un ritual funerario relacionado con el fuego anterior a su utilización como sepulcro. Además, la estructura se colmató por sedimentación geogénica y se han identificado los procesos postdeposicionales que afectaron a las inhumaciones. En resumen, creemos que la micromorfología de suelos. En resumen, creemos que la micromorfología de suelos constituye una herramienta esencial para el estudio e interpretación de contex-tos funerarios. En este caso, ha permitido identificar y caracterizar mejor el proceso constructivo y funerario de este tipo de enterramientos prehistóricos en el ne peninsular., [eng] This paper presents the contributions of micromorphology to the study of the hypogeum of Carrer Paris (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona), dated between 2878 and 2206 cal bc. The hypogeum of Carrer Paris was first used for a collective inhumation during the Late Neolithic. Afterward it was used again during the Bell-Beaker Chalcolithic for three different burial episodes including Bell-Beaker vessels.. The continued use of the sepulcher highlights the evolution of common funeral practices in the Neolithic towards a progressive tendency to individualize burials parallel to the adoption of bell- shaped vessels. The study shows that the hypogeum was conceived and constructed well in advance of its use as well as the existence of a funeral ritual related to the use of fire prior to its use as a sepulchre. In addition, the sedimentary infilling of the structure by geogenic processes and identifies the post-depositional processes that the burials have suffered. In summary, soil micromorphology has proved to be an essential tool for the study and interpretation of funerary contexts. In this case, it has allowed us to identify and characterize better the constructive and funer-ary process of this type of prehistoric burials in the peninsular Northeast.

[spa] A lo largo de los últimos años las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en el yacimiento de Revenga (Comunero de Revenga, Burgos) han permitido recuperar algunos materiales cerámicos de cronologías tardoantiguas y altomedievales. Dado su estado de conservación muy precario, el carácter utilitario de este tipo de producciones y las dificultades que aún hoy existen en el estudio de la cerámica común altomedieval, dichos materiales plantean algunos problemas interpretativos que hemos intentado resolver a partir de una caracterización petrográfica de los mismos. Los resultados obtenidos aportan nuevos datos muy significativos para el conocimiento de las comunidades del Alto Arlanza, permiten precisar las distintas fases de ocupación del asentamiento de Revenga y abren nuevas perspectivas para la investigación futura., [eng] Archaeological fieldwork at the site of Revenga (Comunero de Revenga, Burgos) allowed discovering in recent years some late antique and early medieval pottery sherds. Given their precarious state of preservation, the utilitarian character of these products and the still existing lacks of knowledge in this domain, the materials found introduce some interpretative problems. We attempted to solve some of these throughout the petrographic characterization of these vessels. According to the results obtained new significant data contributing to the knowledge of peasant communities at the Upper Arlanza Basin are introduced, and a more precise occupation sequence at the site of Revenga is discussed, opening new perspectives for future research.

[ES]: En este articulo pretendemos dar a conocer las novedades arquitectónicas relacionadas con el Conjunto Provincial de Culto Imperial de Augusta Emerita que han sido documentadas en las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en los últimos años, tras la publicación de su planta arquitectónica. El objetivo es actualizar el conocimiento que existía sobre el anteriormente denominado “Foro Provincial”., [EN]: In this article we pretend to announce the arquitectural new evidence related to the provincial complex of imperial worship of Augusta Emerita which have been documented in the archeologic excavations made in the last few years, alter the publication of its architectonical plant. The goal is to update the knowledge about the previously called “provincial forum”.

Treballs Finals de Grau Arqueologia, Facultat de Geografia i Història, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2019-2020, Tutor: David Asensio Vilaró, [cat+ El present treball té com a objectiu fer un estudi del conjunt ceràmic del recinte G del Tossal de Baltarga (Bellver de Cerdanya, Lleida) i posar-lo en context de l’assentament per tal d’obtenir una imatge del que podria ser una casa ceretana entre els segles IV i III aC. El recinte G és un conjunt tancat amb una fase de destrucció amb incendi, motiu per el qual presenta una gran quantitat de material in situ; amb l’anàlisi d’aquest, juntament amb el seu context i posant-lo en relació amb altres jaciments de la zona, pretenem aportar més informació al coneixement general sobre la població ceretana., [eng] The objective of the current thesis is to study the pottery assemblage from G enclosure of Tossal de Baltarga (Bellver de Cerdanya, Lleida) and put in to the site context in order to procure an image of what may be a ceretani house among the 4th and 3rd century BC. The G enclosure is an enclosed complex with a destruction by fire phase, for that reason it registers a large amount of material in situ; analysing it, along with its context and relating it with another sites in the area, the aim is to provide more information to the general knowledge about the ceretani population.

The documentary collection of the Library of the Real Academia de la Historia preserves the dossier “Antigüedades de Cabeza de Griego” (Biblioteca RAH CAI-CU-9-3941/2) detailing the archaeological excavation carried out in 1804 by J. F. Martínez Falero in the Amphitheatre of Segobriga. In this article we present the study of unpublished documentation about these archaeological works, allowing us to identify the excavated areas and place them in the planimetry of the building El fondo documental de la biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia conserva el expediente “Antigüedades de Cabeza de Griego” (Biblioteca RAH CAI-CU-9-3941/2), que contiene entre otros la información sobre la excavación arqueológica realizada en 1804 en el anfiteatro de Segobriga por J. F. Martínez Falero. En este artículo se presenta el estudio de la documentación inédita acerca de estos trabajos arqueológicos. Ello ha permitido identificar las áreas excavadas y situarlas en la planimetría del edificio para espectáculos

[spa] Se presentan los resultados históricos derivados de la primera fase de la investigación sobre este importante yacimiento, realizada exclusivamente a partir de métodos no invasivos. Los datos recuperados a partir de la prospección pedestre y geofísica han permitido verificar la condición urbana del asentamiento, atestiguada tanto por sus dimensiones como por su complejidad estructural y la naturaleza de los materiales muebles recuperados, que sugieren actividades económicas especializadas y la coexistencia de distintos sectores sociales. La desaparición del asentamiento en torno a 200 a. C. confirma el profundo impacto de la conquista romana en los patrones de poblamiento del mundo ibérico septentrional., [eng] We present the historical results derived from the first phase of research on this important site, conducted exclusively with non-invasive methods. The data recovered from pedestrian and geophysical prospecting have allowed us to verify the urban condition of the settlement, attested not only by its size, but also by its structural complexity and the nature of the pottery collected, which suggest specialized economic activities and the coexistence of different social sectors. The abandonment of the settlement around 200 BCE confirms the profound impact of the Roman conquest on the settlement patterns of the northern Iberian world.

Poster at 40th Association for Environmental Archaeology Conference, 30/11-01/12/2019, University of Sheffield (UK), Within the project "Harvesting memories: ecology and archaeology of Monti Sicani landscapes" this paper aims to reconstruct human-environment relationship in the inland of Central-Western Sicily during the Early Middle Ages through a comparative analysis between archaeological data and vegetation dynamics in current landscape. The environmental archaeological record (faunal remains and anthracological/ carpological finds) has been analysed from different layers of the rural settlement (Contrada Castro, Corleone, Palermo) -excavated in 2017, 2018 and 2019- mainly occupied during Byzantine age and Islamic period (8th-11th c. AD). The first examination of charcoals provided the identification of the plant species selected and exploited in the surrounding landscape of the site for each chronological phase. The archaeobotanical data indicates punctual and qualitative picture on the historical vegetation of this area. The phytosociological data allowed the spatial arrangements of archaeobotanical finds within plant communities and its ecological distribution. The archaeozoological data added more information on the reconstruction of rural economy, husbandry management and its ecological environment. An integrated comparison between the structure and composition of current phytocoenoses with archaeobotanical and archaeozoological data allowed to interpret the dynamics of interaction between a rural community and its environment., Financiación: beca "Juan de la Cierva-incorporación, IJCI-2017-31494, MINECO), IJCI-2017-31494" y proyecto "Harvesting Memories" de la Universidad de Palermo (financiado por Bona Furtuna LLC).

In the last ten years, as part of the protection activities carried out by the Superintendence of Cultural Heritage, several interventions have contributed to the knowledge of the medieval phase of the city of Palermo; here we will focus in particular on some early medieval contexts brought to light in the heart of the ancient city that document in particular the material culture in the eighth century, still little known. In the first case, the most important, it is an excavation conducted in 2017 at the restoration site of the ancient Palazzo Galletti in Santamarina, built in the Middle Ages near the northern slope of the Punic fortification, where it was highlighted a large drainage ditch dug in the seat of one of the main roads eastwest of the Punic-Roman city, at a time when the road, used continuously since the fourth century BC, was no longer in use. The ceramic materials (including amphorae, cooking pots, oil lamps, a fragment of ¿pietra ollare¿), found together with a bronze Byzantine coin, allow us to date the construction of the pit during the eighth century and return an interesting association of findings in a closed context, of which there will be an essential repertoire. These findings will be compared with the materials found in two other urban contexts excavated in 2011, which also document a chronological horizon related to the eighth century or slightly wider, the first emerged in the site of the Palazzetto Artale near Piazza Settangeli, in the western part of the ancient city, the second in Piazza Bologni, where during the construction of the new sewerage system was intercepted a discharge of materials of the Byzantine era.

This paper focuses on the study of the pre-Hispanic ceramics from the site of La Cerera (Gran Canaria) (7th century AD – 13th century AD). An integrated approach combining various levels of analysis has been carried out, employing morphological, technical and functional analysis of the pots, as well as their instrumental characterization: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical petrography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As result, different operative chains have been detected, linked to function and chronology. Other differences with respect to the characteristics of the archaeological materials through time were also identified. Those transformations seem to coincide with others already observed for various elements of the aboriginal material culture at the site, as well as at other parts of the island. The effects of the intensification of pottery production on the homogeneity of the fabrics are also discussed., Se analizan los materiales cerámicos prehispánicos del yacimiento de La Cerera en Gran Canaria (siglos VII-XIII D.C.). Se integra la clasificación morfotécnica y funcional, y la caracterización instrumental mediante fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), petrografía óptica (PO) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) relacionando cada nivel de estudio aplicado. Como resultado se detectaron diferentes cadenas operativas, conectadas con la función de los vasos y su cronología. Además se observaron importantes cambios diacrónicos en las características del material. Estos parecen coincidir con otros identificados en el registro del propio yacimiento y en otros sitios de la isla. También se discuten los posibles efectos de la intensificación de la producción sobre la homogeneidad de las fábricas cerámicas.

[ita] Gli scavi archeologici, promossi dalla Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, hanno portato alla luce due complessi abitativi edificati tra metà del I e il II sec. d.C., largamente modificati nel corso del IV e, infine abbandonati nel V/VI sec. e che attualmente si conservano nel loro aspetto tardo antico. Del più antico, la domus A, restano un peristilio e un piccolo triclinio ricoperti da preziosi tappeti musivi e affacciati a Ovest su un’area aperta, molto probabilmente pertinente all’abitazione; la domus B, edificata alla fine del II sec. d.C., presenta una grande aula absidata riccamente decorata da rivestimenti in opus sectile di marmi colorati, interpretabile come sala di rappresentanza. Un vano scala di notevoli dimensioni permette di intuire l’esistenza di un secondo piano; infine, un cortile interno a Nord-Est ha conservato una sequenza stratigrafica di notevole interesse. L’analisi dei contesti e lo studio dello straordinario campione di classi e produzioni ceramiche imperiali e tardo antiche rinvenuto nelle domus ha consentito di ripercorrere il lungo e articolato excursus temporale delle due abitazioni, dalla loro prima edificazione passando per la ristrutturazione e la probabile unificazione delle due fabbriche nel IV sec., fino al loro definitivo abbandono. I materiali presi in esame ci hanno permesso, inoltre, di identificare e interpretare gli spazi delle domus, i gusti dei loro abitanti, le modalità di abbandono, e infine, di ravvisare, pur nei limiti di una dimensione privata, quelle che erano le tendenze economiche generali, seguendo passo a passo i momenti di sviluppo, di crisi e di cambiamento dell’economia imperiale., [eng] The archeological excavations carried out in 2005 in the subterranean area of Palazzo Valentini have led us to the discovery of two housing complexes built between the 1st and the 2nd century AD, modified throughout the 4th century and abandoned in the 5th/6th century. The analysis of the ceramic contexts and of the stratigraphy have led us to study the articulated temporary excursus of both houses, from their first construction to the renovation and their likely unification through the 4th century to their final abandonment. The examined materials have also led us to interpret the Domus spaces, their abandon forms, and finally, identify, even though inside the limit of a private dimension, what the tendencies were, following the different stages of development, crisis and imperial economy changes progressively., [spa] Las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en el 2005 en el area subterránea del Palazzo Valentini han permitido descubrir dos complejos de viviendas construidos entre los siglos I y II d.C., modificado durante el siglo IV y abandonado en el siglo V/VI. El análisis de los contextos cerámicos y de la estratigrafía han permitido estudiar el articulado excursus temporal de las dos casas, desde su primera construcción hasta la renovación y la probable unificación durante el siglo IV, hasta su abandono definitivo. Los materiales examinados también nos han permitido interpretar los espacios de las Domus, las formas de abandono, y finalmente, identificar, incluso dentro de los límites de una dimensión privada, cuáles fueron las tendencias siguiendo los momentos de desarrollo, crisis y cambio de la economía imperial paso a paso.

This article reports the results of a zooarchaeological study (including, mortality profiles, and anatomical and pathological descriptions) of the Early Iron Age (8th-6th c. BC) equid remains at the Can Roqueta site (Sabadell, Barcelona), together with the first strontium isotope results to determine their geographical origin. The zooarchaeological study reveals a remarkable number of equid remains at the site, the bone pathologies of which suggest their use for riding, drafting and load-carrying. The mortality and sex profiles point to the presence of adult animals, while the absence of neonatal and juvenile remains raises the question as to whether these individuals may have originated from other sites specialised in equid breeding. The strontium values obtained from six individuals suggest that some equids were reared in a geological area with a similar strontium signature to that of the Vallès area, where the site is located. However, three equids present a different strontium signature, pointing to a possibly different geographical origin.

The so-called "late antique agrarian system" characterized Sicily in an exemplary way that is readable in material evidence of the wealth of senatorial elite and its luxury villas but also in the development of large secondary agglomerations / villages along the main roads. This "golden age" of the possessores began to suffer profound changes already from the fifth century, a significant moment in which many villas ruined and started to be reused and reoccupied in different ways. Another important phase of Sicilian countryside dynamics is the Byzantine period, and in particular the thematic age from the late 7th century, which was characterized by more consistent phenomena of public power investments in the construction of castra in rural areas and the emergence of new types of sites (especially in Eastern Sicily). The archeology of the Islamic presence in Sicily has had noticeable progress in recent years allowing better delineation of settlement trends between the end of the 9th and the full of the 11th century, despite this the data on possible pre-Norman fortified sites they still remain rather uncertain, awaiting further research in the field. As case study of as early medieval settlement in the inland will be presented the ongoing project ¿Harvesting Memories¿ (University of Palermo) and excavation ("Soprintendenza BBCCAA of Palermo"), supported and funded by Bona Furtuna LLC, in Contrada Castro (Corleone, Palermo) in the Monti Sicani area in Central Western Sicily. The site, otherwise unknown from the written sources, has revealed an interesting sequence related to the re-occupation of a 6th 5th century BC building complex during the Early Middle Ages. At the current state of the research ¿ the most telling evidence for a new occupation of the site between the 7th -early 8th century is connected with the burial of two peri-natal individuals. From the second half of the 8th-9th century new buildings testify for a further development of this settlement. Lastly, between the 10th-11th century the complex undergoes a drastic reshaping and the entire settlement¿s topography changes significantly and all the rebuilt structures feature a new orientation. The archaeological evidence yielded so far illustrates well the informative potential of the site in order to understand and reconstruct the economic trends and human- environment interactions of an early medieval community in the countryside of Western Sicily.

[cat] En aquest article recollim les dades sobre poblament de l'edat del ferro dins el terme municipal de Flix, on tenim coneixement de tres jaciments: Sebes, els Castellons i el Barranc del Mosselló. En el cas dels dos primers, es coneixen tant els assentaments com les respectives necròpolis; Sebes té dues fases d'ocupació corresponents al primer ferro i època ibèrica respectivament, i probablement els Castellons té també una llarga durada i diverses fases. Quant al Barranc del Mosselló, és una petita talaia. El jaciment de Sebes, excavat en la seva totalitat, és el més ben conegut dels tres. La informació proporcionada globalment pels tres jaciments ens permet analitzar una fase mal coneguda dins la protohistòria catalana, el moment de formació de la cultura ibèrica, i ens permet analitzar-ne de manera conjunta els llocs d'hàbitat i les necròpolis., [spa] En este artículo recogemos los datos sobre poblamiento de la Edad de Hierro en el término municipal de Flix, donde tenemos conocimiento de tres yacimientos: Sebes, Els Caste- llons y Barranc del Mosselló. En el caso de los dos primeros se conocen tanto los asentamientos como las respectivas necrópolis. Sebes tiene dos fases de ocupación, correspondientes al Primer Hierro y a la época ibérica, respectivamente, y probablemente Els Castellons tiene también una larga duración y varias fases. En cuanto al de Barranc del Mosselló, es una pequeña atalaya. El yacimiento de Sebes, excavado en su totalidad, es el más conocido de los tres. La información proporcionada globalmente por los tres yacimientos nos permite analizar una fase mal conocida dentro de la proto- historia catalana, el momento de formación de la cultura ibérica, y nos permite analizar de manera conjunta sus lugares de hábitat y necrópolis., [eng] In this article, we collect the data on Iron Age settlement in the municipality of Flix, where three sites are known: Sebes, Els Castellons and El Barranc del Mosselló. Both the settlements and their respective necropolises are known for the first two. Sebes has two phases of occupation corresponding to the early Iron Age and the Iberian period respectively, and Els Castellons probably also lasted a long time, with various phases. Meanwhile, El Barranc del Mosselló is a small watchtower. The Sebes settlement, which has been fully excavated, is the best known of the three. The information provided overall for the three settlements allows us to analyse a little-known phase of Catalan protohistory - the time when the Iberian culture was formed - allowing us to analyse the inhabited sites and the necropolises jointly.

[cat] L'any 2008 se celebrà el primer centenari de l'inici de les excavacions arqueològiques a l'antiga ciutat grecorromana d'Empúries. Sense voler negar la importància cultural i simbòlica d'aquest fet, a través de les següents pàgines exposarem que, en realitat, els precedents de les intervencions en aquest jaciment són molt anteriors i en ells hi tingué un paper destacat, entre d'altres personatges avui quasi oblidats, el funcionari Gabriel de Molina Ramos. Raó per la qual creiem d'interès investigar qui era i per quin motiu se sentí atret per l'arqueologia. La base d'aquesta recerca són, en bona part, documents inèdits trobats en diferents arxius catalans i estatals., [eng] Archaeology and Collectionism: Gabriel de Molina and the beginning of the excavations at Empúries (Abastract) The year 2008 marked the centenary of the beginning of the archaeological excavations at the ancient Greco-Roman city of Empúries. Without wishing to deny the cultural and symbolic relevance of this anniversary, in the following pages we will explain that, in fact, the first interventions in this site are much older and, among other characters today almost forgotten, the civil servant Gabriel de Molina Ramos played an important role in them. Reason why we think of interest to investigate who he was and for what reason he was attracted to archaeology. This research is based on unpublished documents found in different Catalan and statewide archives. Keywords: Empúries, archaeology historigraphy, collectionism, liberalism, 19th Century

[spa] En este trabajo se presentan los primeros datos estratigráficos, radiocarbónicos y de cultura material de las recientes excavaciones en las Coves de Montserrat (Cova Gran y Cova Freda). Estos emblemáticos yacimientos fueron excavados el año 1922 y proporcionaron uno de los primeros conjuntos cardiales de la península ibérica. Desde entonces, no volvieron a ser intervenidos de forma oficial y quedaron abandonados. En el año 2018 se han reiniciado los trabajos con sondeos en ambas cuevas, determinando la preservación de depósitos arqueológicos estratificados en algunos de ellos. En la Cova Freda se ha reconocido la existencia de un tramo de la cavidad probablemente usado como redil durante el Neolítico Antiguo Cardial y, en la Cova Gran, se han documentado un nivel y una estructura negativa de esa misma cronología, así como un potente nivel finipaleolítico. [eng] This work presents the first stratigraphic, chronologic and cultural results of the archaeological works in the Coves de Montserrat (Cova Gran and Cova Freda). These emblematic sites that were excavated in 1922 and that provided one of the first cardial assemblages of the Iberian Peninsula. They were not intervened again and they were abandoned. These works have been restarted in 2018 by means of different test pits in both caves. These have determined the preservation of stratified archaeological deposits in some of these tests: in the Cova Freda it has been determined the existence of a section of the cavity probably used as a fold during the Early Neolithic; while, in the Cova Gran, a layer and a negative structure of that same chronology have been documented, as well as a finipaleolithic layer. This paper presents the first stratigraphic, radiocarbon and material culture data of these emblematic sites of Iberian historiography.

В статье обобщены и систематизированы сведения о культурах неолита на северо-востоке Европы – современной территории Республики Коми, северной части Пермского края, Вологодской и Архангельской областей, Ненецкого АО. На основе критики опорных источников, их анализа и интерпретации авторы представляют свою точку зрения на особенности формирования, развития и дальнейшей судьбы культур неолита региона. Установлено, что в регионе располагаются северные и северо-восточные провинции известных культур раннего и среднего неолита Восточной Европы – верхневолжской, камской, льяловской и родственной ей каргопольской. Кроме того, выявлены фрагменты культур, исходные территории формирования которых пока достоверно не определены. Их представляют ранненеолитические памятники типа Дутово 1, Черноборской III, Эньты IА и Черной Вадьи. Некоторые типы керамической посуды без определенного контекста документируют присутствие на северо-востоке Европы групп населения, статус которых пока не определен. Авторы предполагают, что формирование культур неолита в регионе связано с поиском неосвоенных кормовых территорий, их освоением и кратковременной эксплуатацией небольшими группами людей, соизмеримых с элементарными или объединенными семьями. На большей территории СВЕ за исключением ее самых юго-западных и юго-восточных частей, условия для длительного проживания первобытного населения и формирования местных традиций отсутствовали вплоть до энеолита., The authors summarize and systematize data on Neolithic cultures in northeastern Europe. It is a modern territory of the Komi Republic, the northern part of the Perm Territory, the Vologda and Arkhangelsk Regions, and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Based on the critical analysis of evidences, their analysis and interpretation, the authors present their views on the features of the formation, development and fate of the Neolithic cultures of the region. It has been established that the studied region contains northern and northeastern provinces of the famous cultures of the early and middle Neolithic of Eastern Europe: Verkhnevolzhskaya, Kamskaya, Lyalovskaya and Kargopolskaya. In addition, fragments of some cultures were identified. Their initial areas of formation are not yet reliably determined. They are represented by early Neolithic sites such as Dutovo 1, Chernoborskaya III, Enty IА and Chyornaya Vadya. Some types of pottery without a specific context document the presence of population groups in northeastern Europe whose status has not been defined yet. The authors suggest that the formation of Neolithic cultures in the region is associated with the search for undeveloped feeding areas, their development and short-term exploitation by small groups of people commensurate with elementary or unified families. Until the Eneolithic in the greater territory of northeastern Europe the conditions for long-term residence of the Neolithic population were absent as well as the formation of local traditions.

Саянский острог был построен на Енисее в 1717–1718 гг. Прекратил свое существование в начале XIX в. Полностью изучен раскопками силами археологического отряда Новосибирского государственного университета. Имеющиеся археологические материалы позволяют провести его реконструкцию, в том числе виртуальную и трехмерную (3D). В результате такой работы осуществлено восстановление внешнего и внутреннего вида ряда важных составляющих деревянных оборонительных сооружений острога — стен «заплотного» и «тарасного» типов с помостами для обороняющихся, угловых и проездных башен, а также валов и рвов. Полученные результаты могут широко использоваться для изучения особенностей русского оборонительного зодчества в Сибири и России в целом, в том числе при интерпретации соответствующих новых археологических материалов., The Sayan Ostrog (fortress) was built on the Yenisei river in 1717–1718. He ceased to exist at the beginning of the 19th century. Fully studied by excavations by the archaeological detachment of the Novosibirsk State University. Available archaeological materials allow for its reconstruction, including virtual and three-dimensional. As a result of this work, the external and internal appearance of a number of important components of the wooden fortifications of the fortress — walls of “zaplot” and “taras” types with scaffolds for the defenders, corner and travel towers, as well as ramparts and moats — was restored. The results obtained can be used to study the peculiarities of Russian defensive architecture in Siberia and Russia as a whole, including the interpretation of new archaeological materials.

Статья посвящена изучению материалов архива выдающегося археолога М.Е. Фосс, которые имеют как научный, так и личный характер. Эти материалы дают нам представление о личности М.Е. Фосс. Главные ее качества – трудолюбие и организованность, помноженные на умение терпеть и преодолевать трудности, не предаваясь унынию. Они отчетливо прослеживаются по полевым записям, например, касающимся поездке на Летний берег Белого моря с коллегами холодным летом 1926 г., с морозами, северными ветрами, мошкой, дикими зверями и без оружия. Некоторые записи и рисунки, сохранившиеся в архиве, указывают на прекрасное чувство юмора М.Е. Фосс. В переписке с коллегами, местными краеведами и музейщиками она не делала различий, демонстрируя готовность оказать помощь и поддержку, дать добрый совет, будь то зеленый студент или маститый ученый. Она всегда старалась быть в стороне от советской идеологии, как в научной работе, так и в жизни, и всем сердцем любила природу, что очень сильно проявляется в ее лирических заметках, сделанных в ходе многочисленных экспедиций., The archive materials of the notable archaeologist, which have both scientific and private character, give us a possibility to reveal the traits of M.E. Foss’s personality. Her main features were diligence and self-control, multiplied by the ability to overcome difficulties with optimism. We can follow these dignities by her field notes, for example during the extremely difficult search trip to the White Sea shore in 1926 with her colleagues, during the cold northern summer, surrounded by wild animals, without guns. Some notes and drawings witness her perfect sense of humor. Exchanging letters with colleagues, local historians and museum employees, she frequently demonstrated the ability to give kind advice and friendly support, paying no attention to person’s position whether it was a student or an honored academician. She usually tried to stay away from the Soviet ideology restrictions both in her behavior and studies, and loved nature with all her heart, which is evident from her lyric fieldwork footnotes.

Treballs Finals de Grau Arqueologia, Facultat de Geografia i Història, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2018-2019, Tutor: Maria Soler Sala, [cat] La família valenciana dels Borja, és una de les famílies més importants i conegudes de l’Europa dels segles XV i XVI gràcies a l’arribada al tron papal de dos il·lustres membres d’aquest llinatge com van ser Calixt III (Alfons de Borja) i Alexandre VI (Roderic de Borja). Però la historia del seu origen no és molt coneguda. Alfons de Borja naix a la vila de Canals (València) el 31 de desembre de 1378, al palau gòtic que hui en dia es troba desaparegut. A partir d’aquest treball, es donarà a conèixer les diverses fases de la Torre de Canals, des del seu origen islàmic fins la seua restauració al 1995, passant per aquest esplendor del palau gòtic durant l’etapa en que els Borja estaven allí establerts com a senyors feudals. Per poder visualitzar aquests períodes, es realitzaran diferents reconstruccions en 3D a partir de programes de realització virtual com són SketchUp i Render. L’objectiu serà incrementar la importància del patrimoni borgià a la Comunitat Valenciana., [eng] The Valencian family of the Borgia is one of the most important and well-known families of Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries thanks to the arrival to the Vatican’s throne of two illustrious members of this line such as Calixtus III (Alfons de Borja) and Alexandre VI (Roderic de Borja). But the history of its origin is not very well-known. Alfons de Borja was born in the village of Canals (Valencia) on December 31, 1378, in the gothic palace that is disappearing in the daytime. From this study, will be revealed the various phases of the Tower of Canals, from its Islamic origins to its restoration in 1995, going through this splendor of the gotich palace during the period in which the Borgia were established there like feudal lords. To be able to visualize these periods, different reconstructions will be carried out in 3D from virtual delivery programs such as SketchUp and Render. The objective will be to increase the importance of the Borgia’s heritage in the Valencian Community.

Since 2015 the ongoing 'Harvesting Memories' project (University of Palermo, 'Soprintendenza BB.CC.AA.' of Palermo, Bona Furtuna LLC) have investigated the long-term landscape trajectories and the settlement pattern in a small inland area of the Monti Sicani district (central-western Sicily). The Castro/ Giardinello Valley and the Mt. Barraù area (Corleone, Palermo) is a typical Mediterranean inland, a palimpsest for analyzing formative-processes and changes of a Sicilian rural landscape and the relationship with vegetation cover dynamics and land-use. The fieldwork confirmed the long occupation of this area characterized by archaeological evidences dating back to the Protohistory, Classical period, Middle Ages and Late Modern age. The detection of the high intensity of human presence across the time represents a fruitful point of start to understand the historical dimension of the human impact on this specific environment. In particular, this paper aims to present the result an excavation carried out in the most relevant site of the area: the hill-top plateau of Contrada Castro. This settlement, completely unknown in written sources, revealed an interesting sequence of re-occupation of a 6th-5th century BC site during the Early Middle Ages. The first evidence ¿ at current state of the research ¿ of a new occupation of the site dated back to the 7th-early 8th centuryAD when two peri-natal individuals were buried. In the second half of the 8th-9th centuryAD new buildings documented the development of the settlement before a reshaping ¿ over collapse layers ¿ of the settlement topography with a new orientation of the structures during the 10th11th centuryAD. The archaeological data of this excavation indicates the high potentiality of the site for the reconstruction of economic and human-environment interaction trends of an early medieval community during the complex transition from the Byzantine to Islamic period.

Bronze Age swords with a metal hilt can be considered the peak of Bronze Age casting technologies. To reconstruct the casting techniques used more than 3000 years ago, a metal hilted sword of the Schalenknauf type from Lower Austria was studied with the aid of macroscopic analyses and simulation of mold filling and casting solidification. A three-dimensional model of the hilt was created based on optical scanner measurements performed on a hilt recently discovered during archaeological excavations. Three different configurations of the gating system were considered, two on the pommel disk and one on the knob, and the effect of its location on the formation of casting defects was investigated. Three-dimensional computed tomography was used to detect internal defects, such as gas and shrinkage porosity, which were then compared with those calculated by simulation. The best match between actual and predicted hilt quality demonstrated the location of the gating system, which turned out to be on the pommel disk.

El yacimiento arqueológico de Revenga (Comunero de Revenga, Burgos) es un enclave singular para estudiar las formas de poblamiento altomedieval y la estructura del territorio entre los siglos V y IX. A lo largo de los últimos años, un nutrido conjunto de excavaciones arqueológicas, algunas de ellas de carácter preventivo y otras integradas en distintos proyectos de investigación, han puesto de manifiesto un panorama interpretativo complejo que en numerosas ocasiones ha requerido de una nueva metodología de trabajo, especialmente desde el punto de vista conceptual (Quirós 2010, p. 233; Vigil-Escalera, Quirós 2012, p. 85). Las intervenciones arqueológicas en extensión de este tipo de asentamientos rurales interpretados en sus contextos territoriales más inmediatos ofrecen un panorama muy diverso acerca de las transformaciones sociales y económicas del alto medievo. En este sentido Revenga, con su idiosincrasia particular, que tendremos ocasión de desglosar en este trabajo, supone una nueva contribución al estudio de estas formas de hábitat

Курганный могильник Сростки-I один из крупных раннесредневековых некрополей на юге Западной Сибири. Его исследование было начато в 1925 и 1930 гг. краеведом М.Д. Копытовым и археологами М.Н. Комаровой и С.М. Сергеевым, но во многом эти работы носили незавершенный характер. Между тем материалы этого памятника, давшего название одноименной культуре, до сих пор сохраняют свою актуальность для ее изучения. Важность получения более полной информации о погребально-поминальном комплексе обусловлена продолжением раскопок в 2012-2014 и 2016 гг. За это время были полностью исследованы шесть курганов, содержавших 15 могил. Получены новые данные о конструкции рвов вокруг курганов, о расположении могил в ряд, о наличии столбов в их «изголовье», о проведении поминальной тризны возле могил и у насыпи курганов, о сопроводительных и отдельных захоронениях лошадей, об устройстве сложносоставных луков. Найденный инвентарь подтвердил датировку памятника второй половиной IX первой половиной X в. По выявленным деталям обряда исследованные курганы полностью вписываются в погребальные каноны, выявленные в других памятниках сросткинской культуры.

Несколькими геофизическими методами на Билярском городище в 2015-2017 гг. исследовано около 1,5 га площади памятника. Высокое качество результатов геофизических методов исследования на территории средневекового Биляра, в первую очередь, обусловлено отсутствием поздней переработки культурного слоя на его основной территории и отсутствием коммуникаций, которые могли бы создавать помехи для аппаратуры. По предыдущим исследованиям также известно, что застройка на Биляре производилась из кирпича, который дает наибольшие аномалии при распределении градиентов магнитного поля. Выявленные геофизическими работами сооружения, попавшие в границы раскопа XLIV, подтверждены археологическими исследованиями.

Статья подводит предварительные итоги многолетних раскопок разновременного памятника Ивановка-1 в окрестностях Томской писаницы. Приведена краткая характеристика изученных в 2013–2018 гг. археологических комплексов периодов ранней и развитой бронзы, поздней бронзы, раннего железа, раннего средневековья, нового и новейшего времени. Обоснована значимая роль полученных результатов для культурно-хронологической схемы Нижнетомского очага наскального искусства и понимания общей специфики древних и средневековых историкокультурных процессов в Кузнецкой котловине. В частности, обозначена фундаментальная значимость данных по металлообработке в период ранней бронзы, археологических свидетельств культовых практик в эпоху раннего железа, источников по взаимодействию с древним населением Среднего Приобья в эпохи поздней бронзы и раннего железа. Впервые для региона вводятся в научный оборот результаты археологического изучения материальной культуры русского населения Притомья на стыке традиционного и индустриального укладов., The paper summarizes preliminary results of years-long excavations on the Ivanovka-1 settlement in the neighbourhood of Tomskaya pisanitsa. The authors provide short characteristic of archaeological complexes of the Early and Developed Bronze periods, the Early Iron Age and of the Early Middle Ages, Modern and Contemporary Times, studied in 2013–2018. The article proves the significant role of the results obtained for the cultural and chronological scheme of the Lower Tom Center of Rock Art and understanding of generic specific of ancient and medieval historical and cultural processes in Kuznetsk Basin. Among others, the article emphasizes the fundamental importance of data on metalwork in the Early Bronze period, of archaeological evidences of cultic practices in the Early Iron Age and of sources on communications between ancient societies of the Lower Tom and the Middle Ob regions in the Bronze and the Early Iron Ages. Results of archaeological studying of the Russian material culture at the turn of traditional and industrial life modes in the Tom region are introduced into scientific discourse for the first time.

Настоящая работа является продолжением исследований, связанных с находками монет в ходе археологических раскопок на Увекском городище. Каждый из рассмотренных ранее раскопов имеет отличные по составу монетные находки, что важно для установления хронологии этапов и особенностей динамики товарно-денежных отношений в разных районах средневекового города. Сравнительный анализ комплексов нумизматических артефактов из раскопов позволил установить расширение средневекового города, освоение новых территорий и угасание товарно-денежных отношений на старых обжитых площадках.

[spa] Este trabajo presenta la estructura tecnológica observada en los niveles B y Bb (Boreal) de La Cativera, donde se observa una dualidad entre explotaciones laminares simplificadas y una producción de lascas cortas normalizadas. Una nueva datación inédita refuerza la posición cronológica de estos niveles pese a que las estrategias de talla de los mismos difieren significativamente de las documentadas en yacimientos sincrónicos. Los niveles B y Bb coinciden en el tiempo con los conjuntos del Mesolítico de Muescas y Denticulados, sin embargo el análisis tecnológico de la industria lítica lo pone en relación más directa con los conjuntos del Magdaleniense final y/o Epipaleolítico microlaminar propios del Tardiglaciar., [eng] This study presents the technological structure observed in levels B and Bb (Boreal) from La Cativera. A dual technological pattern is observed. For one side simplified blade exploitation is observed and for the other, a normalized short flake production is documented too. A new 14C data corroborates the chronological position of both levels despite showing technical schemes which significantly vary from those of synchronous sites. The B and Bb levels match in time with the so called Notched and Denticulate Mesolithic industries, however the observed knapping patterns present a major affinity with the Late Magdalenian or Epipalaeolithic Late Glacial knapping schemes

Söz konusu bu çalışma, 2007 yılından itibaren kazı çalışmaları yürütülen Stadyum Alanı içerisinden tespit edilmiş olan bütün dönemleri ve seramikleri kapsamaktadır. Kentin yerleşim kronolojisinin kesintisiz olarak ele alınabilmesine yönelik olarak, M.Ö. 6. binyılın ikinci yarısından başlayarak M.S. 20. yüzyıla kadar ki tüm seramik materyal değerlendirilmiştir. Böylelikle özelde kent ve Likya Bölgesi'nin yerleşim tarihi gözlemlenebilirken genelde ise Orta ve Batı Anadolu, Akdeniz Havzası ve Yunanistan gibi çevre bölgeler ile kültürel etkileşimleri irdelenebilmiştir.Orta Kalkolitik Dönem seramikleri kendi içerisinde gruplandırılmış, yakın ve uzak bölgelerde söz konusu dönem kronolojisi içerisine yerleştirilmiştir. Tez kapsamında incelenmiş seramikler, literatürde özellikle Güneybatı Anadolu Platosu içerisinde karanlık dönem olarak nitelendirilen Orta Kalkolitik Dönem ile ilgili önemli veriler sunmuştur.Çalışma alanı içerisinde değerlendirilen bir sonraki dönem ise Orta/Geç Tunç Çağı'dır. C14 analizleriyle de tarihlendirilmeleri yapılan tabakalardan gerek Orta Anadolu gerekse de Batı Anadolu, Adalar ve Yunan anakarasından bilinen çok sayıda form kronolojik gelişimi ve analojisiyle beraber değerlendirilmiştir. Anadolu'da Hitit İmparatorluk Dönemi, Ege dünyasında ise Miken kültürünün hakim olduğu zaman aralığı ile paralellik gösteren Stadyum Alanı buluntuları Lykia arkeolojisinde yapılan tartışmalara yeni bir boyut kazandıracaktır.Lykia'da epigrafik ve arkeolojik materyal eksikliği nedeniyle karanlıkta kalan Erken Demir Çağı ve sonrasıyla alakalı mimari ve arkeolojik buluntuların Stadyum Alanı'nda tespit edilmiş olması bölgede yerleşim kronolojisinin kesintisiz olarak devam ettiğini gösterir niteliktedir. Bu kapsamda ele alınan problemlerden biri de Protogeometrik Dönem bezeme geleneğiyle üretilen seramiklerin Lykia özelinde neden Arkaik Dönem sonuna kadar görüldüğüdür.Arkaik Dönem'e bakıldığında Stadyum Alanı'nda mimari kontekst içerisinde ele geçirilen seramik tipolojisinin bölge yerleşimleriyle kültürel paralellikler gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Klasik ve Hellenistik Dönem seramiklerine bakıldığında ise Stadyum alanında sayısal ve tipolojik olarak çok zayıf verilen sunduğu görülmüştür.Hellenistik Dönem'de inşa edilen ve Roma Dönemi'nde de işlevselliği devam eden Stadyum yapısının Geç Roma/Erken Bizans Dönemi'yle işlevini yitirmesi sonucunda alan kısmen konutlarla iskân edilmiş ve zamanla dolgu tabakasıyla kaplanmıştır. Stratigrafik kesinliği olmayan bu tabakalar içerisinde Roma İmparatorluğu Dönemi'nden başlayarak Geç Antik Çağ'a kadarki zaman dilimine ait kaplar bir arada tespit edilmiştir. Erken evresi Geç Antik Dönem'e uzanan Bizans konutları M.S. 12.-13. yüzyıl seramik repertuvarı hakkında önemli bilgiler sunmuştur. Son olarak M.S. 17.-19 yüzyıl arasına tarihlenen yerel ve ithal seramik örnekleri ele alınmış olup kent ve bölge kronolojisine paralellik gösteren tüm seramikler bir araya getirilmiştir. POTTERY FROM STADIUM AREA IN TLOS ANCIENT CITYThis study includes all periods and ceramics detected inside stadium area that has been excavated since 2007. All ceramic material beginning from the second half of VIth millennium BC till XXth century AD has been evaluated for handling settlement chronology of the site. Thus, while settlement history of the site and Lykia region was being observed specifically, acculturation with surrounding regions such as Middle and West Anatolia, Mediterranean Basin and Greece could have been examined. Ceramics dated to Middle Chalcolithic Period have been classified in themselves and placed into that period chronology in close and far regions. The ceramics examined within the scope of thesis have presented significant data about Middle Chalcolithic Period that is characterized as dark period especially in Southwest Anatolian Plateau in literature. The latter period evaluated in study field is Middle/Late Bronze Age. Many forms from layers that were also dated with C14 analysis and that were known from both Middle Anatolia and West Anatolia, Islands and Greece Mainland have been evaluated together with their chronogical development and analogy. Findings of stadium area that have parallels with Hittite Imperial Period in Anatolia and time gap in which Mycenaean culture dominated in Aegean world will add a new dimension to discussions in Lycian archaeology. The fact that architectural and archaeological findings about Early Iron Age and latter period which were left in the dark because of epigraphical and archaeological material deficiency in Lycia have been detected in Stadium Area shows that settlement chronology continued uninterruptedly in the region. One of the problems handled within this scope is why the ceramics produced with decorating tradition of Protogeometrical Period were observed until the end of Archaic Period in specific to Lycia. It has been understood when looked into Archaic Period that ceramic typology found in architectural context in Stadium Area cultural parallels with sites of the region. It has been seen when looked into ceramics dated to Classical and Hellenistic Period that there were very weak data presented as numeric and typology. As a result of the fact that Stadium Building built in Hellenistic Period and continued its functionality in Roman Period lost its function in Late Roman/Early Byzantine Period, the area was partly settled with houses and covered with layer of fill in time. Among these uncertain layers in terms of stratigraphy, pots belonged to time period beginning from Roman Imperial Period until Late Antique Period were detected together. Byzantine houses of which early phase goes back to Late Antique Period have presented significant information about ceramic repertory of XIIth-XIIth century AD. Lasty, local and imported ceramic samples dated to XVIIth-XIXth century AD have been handled and all ceramics that had parallels to the chronology of the site and the region have been gathered up. 1173

The 2009 archaeological campaign at Nisevac, eastern Serbia, has provided important evidence for the urban growth of a Roman settlement, such as drains and a section of the Roman road traversing the settlement. Along with a sumptuous structure furnished with a wall heating system discovered in 2008, the latest excavation results provide clues as to the importance of the settlement which, containing all elements of Roman urban architecture, offers further corroboration to its presumed identification as the Roman station of Timacum Maius on the Lissus-Naissus-Ratiaria road.

Utilitarian greyware ceramics are one of the most abundant artefacts at rural sites in Medieval Catalonia, Spain, and were manufactured by numerous long-lived production centres. The stylistic homogeneity of this class of pottery has traditionally restricted its contribution to the archaeological interpretation of the region. However, recent scientific analyses of excavated kiln sites are offering new perspectives via the establishment of compositional reference groups for greyware ceramics. Using one such dataset, from the large workshop of Cabrera d’Anoia, this paper examines the distribution and consumption of utilitarian grey pottery at 25 Medieval sites across Catalonia. The study reveals a pattern of several regional production centres distributing their goods to small villages within the surrounding countryside and, in some cases, competing for rural markets. This is interpreted in terms of the mechanisms by which greyware pottery was distributed, as well as the socio-political and religious influences on its supply and demand in Medieval Catalonia.

Uno de los hallazgos más interesantes de la excavación, es una cantimplora de terra sigillata hispánica, que apareció casi com- pleta. El buen estado de conservación, que permite reconstruir la tipología de la pieza y la decoración de ambas caras, jus- tifica la presentación de este ejemplar. La cantimplora tiene una altura total de 21,8 cm. y una anchura máxima de 17,5 cm. El labio, moldurado, tiene un diáme- tro de 4,3 cm; el cuello es corto y muy estrecho; las asas, pequeñas, de sección elíptica y con un profundo surco central, se adhieren justo por debajo del labio. El cuerpo, con una de las paredes ligera- mente abombada, presenta una compleja composición decorativa distribuida en dos frisos concéntricos, separados por un doble baquetón, articulados entorno a un círculo central liso.

The archaeological site of El Mirador is located in the southern slope of the Sierra de Atapuerca. The work developed at the site is providing a substantial set of data from the Upper Palaeolithic and Early Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age. Throughout at least about 4000 years of occupation, the cave was used for various activities, among which, burial, habitation and animal stalling. The practices related with this last use is, at the moment, the main origin of the archaeological deposits, which are mainly composed by burnt animal dung with vegetal residues, potsherds, lithics and faunal remains. In addition, it is characterized by high sedimentation rates that have enabled an individual and clear record of different episodes, providing high resolution chronological data. Due to these particularities, specific excavation methodology and interdisciplinary studies of the archaeological data have been developed in order to understand the genesis of this archaeological sequence and, at the same time, to provide information about the introduction and development of the production economy in the Submeseta Norte region., The Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (N_CGL2009-12703-C03-02/BTE; HAR200801984/HIST) and the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CGL2012-38434-C0303; HAR2013-41197-P) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR900; 2014SGR899) supported this research. Funding for the fieldwork came from the Consejería de Cultura y Turismo of the Junta de Castilla y León and the Atapuerca Foundation. Á. Carrancho research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) with projects CGL2012-32149 and CGL2012-38481

Livestock dung is a valuable material in many rural communities worldwide. In our research area, the site of Althiburos and its surroundings, now el Medeïna, in northwestern Tunisia, dung is the main source of fuel for domestic purposes, primarily the processing and cooking of foods. Ovicaprine dung is daily used in traditional mud tannur type ovens, namely tabouna. The archaeological record shows that mud constructed cooking installations were common during the first millennium BC. Previous studies of phytoliths and dung spherulites at Numidian Althiburos suggested the use of vegetal and fecal matter for fuel purposes. We present here the results of the continuation study based on the comparison between archaeological results (a selection of cooking installations, six hearths and two mud ovens) and those obtained from the ethnographic study of dung fuel materials from the site area. The present study builds up on ethnographic observations and informal interviews (dung collection, management, storage, waste disposal and cooking and baking activities), temperature measurements within the burning fuel, as well as modern material sampling (fresh dung, burned pellets, dung ashes and fuel trash paths) which was followed by integrated studies of phytoliths and calcitic microfossil analyses (dung spherulites and wood ash pseudomorphs) for comparative purposes. The results obtained provided direct evidence regarding the type of fuel sources: dung, wood and a mixing of dung and vegetal matter (wood and agricultural by-products). Dung was used as source of fuel material across time (from the Early Numidian occupation phase, 10 the 9th century BC, to the last centuries BC) and space (in different excavation areas and type of installations). Such integrated studies demonstrate the value of combining different microarchaeological techniques and the use of ethnoarchaeological material from site areas.

[cat] Es presenta la troballa casual d'un fragment de cràter àtic de figures roges en un jaciment ilerget. El seu interès és doble: d'una banda, completa el repertori iconogràfic del Grup del Pintor de Telos afegint-hi una nova escena relacionada amb el banquet. En segon lloc, permet discutir sobre aquest tipus de béns de prestigi a l'occident català. La seva troballa en un indret que no sembla ser de primer ordre qüestiona la tradicional associació de vasos de luxe amb centres rectors del territori. Aquesta reflexió permet albirar un paper més actiu dels centres secundaris en la competició social regional de la qual feia part l'exhibició d'importacions. [eng]This paper presents the chance find of a fragment of an Attic red-figure Krater at an Ilergete site. Its interest is twofold. Firstly it completes the iconographic repertoire of the Telos Painter Group by adding a new banquet scene. Secondly, it serves to initiate discussion about this type of prestige good in Western Catalonia. Its discovery in a location that seems not to be of prime importance challenges the traditional association of luxury goods with centres of power that govern a territory. This case reveals a more active role of secondary centres taking part in the regional social competition for imported goods.