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This study was performed to determine the main antibacterial compounds of the essential oil (ЕО) of saltmarsh plant Artemisia santonicum (Asteraceae). The combination of HPTLC and direct bioautography was used for the activity guided isolation of isogeranic acid as the main antibacterial constituent with remarkable antimicrobial activity, although it was the minor component of the EO, present only in 0.2 %, as calculated from GC/FID. Its structure was determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR and GC–MS techniques. Antibacterial activity of isogeranic acid against all tested bacteria was significantly higher than EO and even than both controls streptomycin and ampicillin. In further investigation of antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activity EO exhibited the best inhibition of the biofilm formation at 1/8 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and isogeranic acid at 1/2 MIC. Both EO and isogeranic acid possessed pyocyanin inhibitory activity showing the reduction of pigment at 60.6 and 62.8 %, respectively, at 1/2 MIC concentrations. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 172053, Grant no. 173032 and Grant no. TR 31089]

This study was performed to determine the main antibacterial compounds of the essential oil (ЕО) of saltmarsh plant Artemisia santonicum (Asteraceae). The combination of HPTLC and direct bioautography was used for the activity guided isolation of isogeranic acid as the main antibacterial constituent with remarkable antimicrobial activity, although it was the minor component of the EO, present only in 0.2 %, as calculated from GC/FID. Its structure was determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR and GC–MS techniques. Antibacterial activity of isogeranic acid against all tested bacteria was significantly higher than EO and even than both controls streptomycin and ampicillin. In further investigation of antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activity EO exhibited the best inhibition of the biofilm formation at 1/8 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and isogeranic acid at 1/2 MIC. Both EO and isogeranic acid possessed pyocyanin inhibitory activity showing the reduction of pigment at 60.6 and 62.8 %, respectively, at 1/2 MIC concentrations. Ово истраживање је спроведено у циљу одређивања главних антибактеријских компоненти етарског уља слатинске биљне врсте Artemisia santonicum (Asteraceae). Комбинација HPTLC методе и методе директне биоаутографије је коришћена за активношћу вођено изоловање изогеранилне киселине као главне компоненте са значајном антимикробном, антибиофилм и антикворум активношћу иако је била присутна у етарском уљу са само 0,2 %, израчунато из GC/FID. Њена структура је одређена 1D и 2D NMR и GC–MS техникама. Антибактеријска активност изогеранилне киселине на све тестиране бактерије је била значајно боља од етарског уља, и од обе контроле, стрептомицина и ампицилина. Етарско уље је показало најбољу инхибицију формирања биофилма у концентрацији 1/8 минималне инфибиторске концнетрације (MIC вредности), а изогеранилна киселина у концентрацији 1/2 MIC вредности. И етарско уље и изогеранилна киселина су имале пиоцијанин инхибиторну активност показавши смањење пигмента на 60,6 и 62,8 %, у концентрацији 1/2 MIC вредности, редом.