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Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the color changes of alkasite used as dental fillings polished with different systems that occur on the 24th hour and seventh day after exposure to a discoloration agent.Materials and Methods: Alkasite material which was placed in Teflon molds with a diameter of 8 mm and a height of 2 mm, was polymerized under the application of mylar strip, and a total of 30 samples were obtained (n=10). Materials were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was polished with diamond grain polishing rubbers (Twist Dia; Kuraray, Japan) and group 2 was polished with Aluminum oxide discs (Sof-Lex; 3M ESPE, MN, USA). Polishing system was not applied in group 3. The first color measurement was performed using a spectrophotometer. The second and third color measurements were completed with the same device at 24th hours and 7th days after immersion in coffee. Color changes (ΔE00) were determined using the CIEDE2000 color formula. The results were analyzed at 95% confidence interval using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test.Results: A statistically significant increase was observed for all groups when ΔE00 values were measured between 24 hours and 7 days. While the lowest mean color change values were observed in group 2 after 24 hours (p < 0.001), there was no statistically significant difference between the polishing systems used on the 7th day (p > 0.05). The control group showed the highest color change values (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The color stability of the alkasite was affected by the polishing procedure and the immersion time in the colorant agent., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı sistemlerle polisajlanmış diş dolgularında kullanılan alkasitin bir renklendirici ajana maruz kalmasının ardından 24. saat ve yedinci gününde oluşan renk değişimlerinin incelenmesidir.Yöntem: 8 mm çapında ve 2 mm yüksekliğinde teflon kalıplar içerisine yerleştirilen alkasit materyali mylar strip uygulaması altında polimerize edildi ve toplam 30 adet örnek elde edildi (n=10). Materyaller rastgele 3 gruba ayrıldı; Grup 1: Elmas grenli polisaj lastikleri (Twist Dia; Kuraray, Japan), Grup 2: Alüminyum oksit diskleri (Sof-Lex; 3M ESPE, MN, USA) uygulanarak polisaj işlemi tamamlandı. Grup 3’te polisaj sistemi uygulanmadı. İlk renk ölçümü bir spektrofotometre kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Kahve içerisine daldırıldıktan 24. saat ve 7. gün sonra ikinci ve üçüncü renk ölçümleri aynı cihaz ile tamamlandı. CIEDE2000 renk formülü kullanılarak renk değişimleri (ΔE00) belirlendi. Bulgular tek yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey testi kullanılarak %95 güven aralığında analiz edildi.Bulgular: ΔE00 değerleri 24 saat ile 7. gün arasında alınan ölçümlerde tüm gruplar için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış gözlenmiştir. 24 saat sonunda en düşük ortalama renk değişimi değerleri Grup 2’de gözlenirken (p0,05). Kontrol grubu ise en yüksek renk değişim değerlerini göstermiştir (p

Aim To evaluate the microleakage and dentin shear bond strength of two glass containing restorative materials, Zirconomer and Cention N, and to compare them with a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) (GC Fuji II). Materials and methods Zirconomer (Shofu) and GC Fuji II (GC Corp.) are self-curing GICs whereas Cention N (IvoclarVivadent) also offers a self-curing option as well as the option of light-curing using an adhesive. For evaluating microleakage, standardized class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of 30 premolars. The cavities were restored with one of the three restorative materials (n = 10) according to manufacturers’ instructions, Cention N being used with an adhesive (Te-EconomBond, IvoclarVivadent) and in the light-curing mode. After restoration and thermocycling, the microleakage assessment was made under a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification following immersing of the teeth in 0.5% methylene blue dye and buccolingual sectioning. For evaluating dentin shear bond strength, the occlusal surface of the 30 premolars was ground flat, and cylinders of the three restorative materials (n = 10) were bonded to the occlusal surface according to manufacturers’ instructions, Cention N being used with an adhesive (Te-EconomBond, IvoclarVivadent) and in the light-curing mode. Following 24-h storage at 100% humidity, the dentin shear bond strength was measured and the fracture mode was determined under a stereomicroscope at 10× magnification. Data were statistically analyzed using Mann–Whitney and Scheffé tests (p = .05). Results Cention N displayed significantly less microleakage than did Zirconomer and GC Fuji II at occlusal as well as the gingival margins. Dentin shear bond strength varied significantly between 5.15 and 9.89 MPa with Cention N showing the highest bond strength and GC Fuji II the lowest. Conclusion In this in vitro evaluation, Cention N consistently performed better than the conventional GIC (GC Fuji II) as well as Zirconomer.

Introduction: Despite the advancements in restorative materials, there are certain drawbacks, including microleakage resulting from insufficient wall adaptation. An effective seal at the tooth/restoration interface is crucial. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate microleakage of different self-adhesive restorative materials. Material and methods: Class-V cavities were prepared and divided into seven experimental groups with regards to applied material and pre-treatment procedures (n = 12). Cavities were restored with self-adhesive materials, such as hybrid glass ionomer (HGI) without pre-treatment (PT), HGI with PT, glass carbomer (GCP) without PT, GCP with PT, alkasite without adhesive resin (AR), alkasite with AR, nanohybrid composite resin with AR, and compared in terms of microleakage. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests, with SPSS. Results: Significant difference in microleakage was found among enamel and dentin (p < 0.05). Leakage values from enamel were obtained as follows: Alkasite with AR = nanohybrid composite resin with AR < alkasite without AR < HGI with PT < HGI without PT = GCP with PT < GCP without PT, while leakage values obtained from dentin included alkasite with AR = nanohybrid composite resin with AR = alkasite without AR = HGI with PT < HGI without PT = GCP with PT < GCP without PT. Conclusions: Microleakage properties are material-dependent and may vary due to ingredients. Alkasite with AR could be an alternative to nanohybrid composite due to better sealing ability of both enamel and dentin, while alkasite without AR and HGI with PT are the preferred materials for dentin. GCP without PT showed the highest microleakage. © 2021 Termedia Publishing House Ltd.. All rights reserved.

The objective was to evaluate new commercially available ion-releasing restorative materials and compare them to established anti-cariogenic materials. Four materials were tested: alkasite Cention (Ivoclar Vivadent) in self-cure or light-cure mode, giomer Beautifil II (Shofu), conventional glass-ionomer Fuji IX (GC), and resin composite Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent) as a control. Flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Weibull modulus were measured one day, three months, and after three months with accelerated aging in ethanol. Water sorption and solubility were evaluated for up to one year. Degree of conversion was measured during 120 min for self-cured and light-cured Cention. In this study, Beautifil II was the ion-releasing material with the highest flexural strength and modulus and with the best resistance to aging. Alkasite Cention showed superior mechanical properties to Fuji IX. Weibull analysis showed that the glass-ionomer had the least reliable distribution of mechanical properties with the highest water sorption. The solubility of self-cured alkasite exceeded the permissible values according to ISO 4049. Degree of conversion of light-cured Cention was higher than in self-cure mode. The use of alkasite Cention is recommended only in the light-cure mode.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), microleakage, and antibacterial effect of bulk fill resin composite with alkaline fillers (alkasite) (alkaline fillers such as barium aluminum silicate glass and ytterbium trifluoride) in comparison to incremental nanohybrid resin composite. Materials and Methods µTBS was evaluated by using 30 human mandibular molars. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups (C): nanohybrid resin composite (C0), self-cured alkasite (C1), and dual-cured alkasite (C2). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to the bulk thickness: 4 mm (T1) and 6 mm (T2). The occlusal enamel of teeth was removed and the resin composite was applied to a flat dentin surface. Then, teeth were sectioned into beams to be tested under tension. For microleakage testing, mesio-occlusal class II cavities were prepared in 15 molars and divided into three groups as mentioned before. Following this, cavities were restored, thermocycled, immersed in a dye, sectioned mesiodistally, and then dye penetration was assessed. The antibacterial effect of both tested materials was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against chlorhexidine as a control positive group. Results There was no significant difference in µTBS between all tested groups. Bulk fill self-cured alkasite showed the lowest microleakage value followed by bulk fill dual-cured alkasite and incremental nanohybrid resin composite, respectively. Also, cervical microleakage showed significantly higher mean value than the occlusal one. The antibacterial effect of alkasite was less than chlorhexidine. Alkasite showed maximum broth clarity at lowest tested bacterial concentration. Conclusion Resin composite with alkaline fillers was characterized by good µTBS and marginal integrity with weak antibacterial effect.

Acidic drinks are known to exert negative effects on surface properties of dental restorative materials. However, the effect of increasingly popular green smoothie drinks has not been addressed so far. The present study investigated the effect of cyclic immersions (5 min daily over 30 days) in a green smoothie drink on the surface properties of contemporary dental restorative materials, including resin composites, an alkasite, and a glass ionomer. Continuous immersion in distilled water was used as a negative control. Vickers microhardness, surface roughness, and perceptible color change in the CIE L* a* b* color space were evaluated as clinically relevant properties of the material surface. Statistically significant effects of green smoothie drink were identified for all surface properties, resulting in material-dependent changes in microhardness, as well as significantly higher surface roughness and higher color change compared to the negative control. After 30-day green smoothie immersion, microhardness values either decreased for 8–28% (for resin composites) or increased for up to 91% (for glass ionomer). The increase in surface roughness (Ra parameter) of smoothie-immersed specimens was 7–26 times higher compared to the control group. The perceptible color change (Δ E) in the smoothie group was 3–8 times higher compared to the control group. The Δ E values of the smoothie-immersed specimens ranged from 3.2 to 14.2, indicating visually notable color differences. Overall, this study demonstrated that daily exposure of dental restorations to a green smoothie drink can significantly accelerate material degradation, which is reflected as surface softening, as well as higher roughness and higher perceptible color change.