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The article reflects the main provisions of the clinical guidelines on septic shock in obstetrics, approved by the All-Russian public organization “Federation of Anesthesiologists-Resuscitators” in 2022. The relevance of the problem is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates from sepsis and septic shock in obstetrics. The main issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics, features of using the qSOFA, SOFA, MOEWS, SOS, MEWC, IMEWS scales for sepsis verification are consistently presented. The article presents the starting intensive therapy (the first 6–12 hours) of the treatment of septic shock in obstetrics, taking into account the characteristics of the pregnant woman's body. The strategy of prescribing vasopressors (norepinephrine, phenylephrine, epinephrine), inotropic drugs (dobutamine) is described, antibiotics and optimal antibiotic therapy regimens, features of infusion and adjuvant therapy are presented. The issues of surgical treatment of the focus of infection and indications for hysterectomy, as well as the organization of medical care and rehabilitation of patients with sepsis and septic shock were discussed. The basic principles of prevention of sepsis and septic shock in obstetrics are described. The criteria for the quality of medical care for patients with septic shock and the algorithms of doctor's actions in the diagnosis and intensive care of patients with septic shock in obstetrics are presented.

Introduction. Chronic inflammatory process on the foot leads to the depletion of immune defense mechanisms against infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. Application of ozonized solutions, endolymphatic therapy contributes to fight against the infectious process and maintenance of the body homeostasis.The aim of the study was to evaluate safety and clinical effectiveness of direct endolymphatic ozone therapy in patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome.Methods. Clinical outcomes of direct endolymphatic ozone therapy, being part of complex therapy, were analyzed in 23 patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome. Inclusion criteria were the degree of damage to the foot according to Wagner 2-4, ankle-brachial index (ABI) less than 0.7. Direct antegrade endolymphatic ozone therapy consisted of introduction of ozonized isotonic sterile sodium chloride solution into the lymphatic collector of the middle third leg for 5 days. The parameters of treatment duration, degree of the pain syndrome, severity of surgical intervention, dynamics of the bacterial contamination, leukocytes and blood lymphocytes, leukocyte indices were assessed.Results. Under endolymphatic ozone therapy, all patients reported positive changes in subjective perception, the level of peripheral blood lymphocytes increased by 15.3%, which reflected an improvement in the adaptive potential of the body, bacterial contamination decreased by 68.6%, the severity of operations decreased by 39.4%. The duration of treatment did not change statistically significant. Conclusion. Direct endolymphatic ozone therapy is an effective way to influence the course of the purulent-necrotic process in the complex treatment of diabetic syndrome. The main focus of the technique is correction of the bacterial contamination of inflammation; this option promotes activation of reparative processes in the wound, reduces the risk of infection generalization, and preserves a limb footing ability. The use of leukocyte indices to assess the course of the inflammatory process on the foot in patients with diabetes mellitus is difficult in clinical practice due to the decreased body's reactivity.

We have investigated the process of deposition of protective boron-based thin films by electron-beam evaporation of the solid boron target. The spatial distribution of vapor of the evaporated target, temperature during deposition, and the thickness of the deposited coating have been studied, showing that higher deposition rates, coating thicknesses, and substrate temperatures were achieved at small angles (< 20 degrees) and distances (< 7 cm) between the beam and the target. The study of mass-to-charge composition of the beam-produced plasma, morphology, and the elemental analysis of the deposited coatings have demonstrated the high ratio of boron in plasma and in the coating, which has a high degree of uniformity. These findings open up possibility to use such coatings as a hard, wear-resistant top layer in multilayer combined protective and functional coatings.

This paper is devoted to the question, is it possible to increase knowledge in the field of theology like as it is possible in humanities in general. The main difficulties first of all consist in (1) confessional character of each theology, (2) in its plurality when each theology has its own concept system and original epistemological framework, (3) in the resulting incomparability of theologies. Discussing the presumably scientific character of theology, it could be useful to discern between premodern and modern understanding of the term “science”. The author argues, there do not exist insurmountable obstacles for theology to strengthen its argumentative basis, namely, theology possesses opportunity to get closer to the human sciences if it relies on empirical researches, for instance, of psychology of religion. This thesis is illustrated on two different examples from different regions and contexts: the theory of structure of religious experience by K. Girgensohn and W. Gruehn, and the theory of political aspect of religious conversion by I. Martín-Baró. The both theologies base their generalization on correct empirical research data, — like it occurs in philosophy of religion or even human sciences. The both cases demonstrate increase of knowledge: the first on from which elements does religious experience consist and how it is developing; the second on how religious conversion is tied to change of political views and social behavior of believers. Such contact of theology with empirical science of religion is in no way harmful for the both sides; it can be initiated in various traditions, which adopt the focus of broadly understood Western-born rationality.

INTRODUCTION: Premature abruption of a normally located placenta is a sudden and challenging problem to manage, and is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. Here, we reviewed the case of a pregnant woman with multiple organ failure and premature placental abruption involving the successful use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. AIM: We aimed at assessing the feasibility of using ECMO in the treatment of severe lung damage in a patient with multiple organ failure. CLINICAL CASE: We reviewed the clinical findings of the course of multiple organ failure and lung damage in a puerpera with severe preeclampsia. Moreover, we analyzed her life history, diseases, and diagnostic and treatment methods were analyzed. The described clinical case shows the possibility of the successful use of ECMO in patients with severe lung damage and respiratory distress syndrome in multiple organ failure resulting from severe obstetric complications. Currently, this is the first case involving ECMO in the treatment of the consequences of acute total abruption of a normally located placenta with favorable outcomes in the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Specific features of application of hybrid simulation and control models in information systems and system support for decision-making in solving practical problems under conditions of uncertainty, vagueness, inaccuracy, stochasticity of processes of subject areas are considered. To obtain reliable data, it is necessary to use poorly formalized operational and long-term data on the state of the object of control, expert knowledge, application of mathematical programming methods with stochastic or fuzzy constraints, as well as many cause-and-effect relations between processes that may be presented in the form of production rules: “condition–action”. Based on research and analysis of complex decision-making problems using hybrid simulation-control models in conditions of partial uncertainty, an estimate of their complexity in terms of practical implementations, which did not exceed the quadratic dependence on the number of operations is obtained. The peculiarities of their use in real developments are determined, which allowed us to increase the reliability of decisions in information systems, to reduce development time to 12% in the conditions of fuzzy, stochastic character of researched processes of real objects. The results that confirm their effective use in solving practical problems: an example of solving situational analysis using hybrid simulation-control models in the information-analytical decision support system, are presented.

Introduction. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are one of the main causes of maternal mortality in the world. Both premature detachment of the normally located placenta, which led to massive bleeding on the background of placental insufficiency, according to the theory of placental ischemia, and disruption of compensatory mechanisms, leading to multiple organ failure, can lead to an unfavorable outcome. The pathogenesis of lung damage in preeclampsia is based on the activation of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, one of the components of complex therapy of severe lung damage may be the use of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which is a method of extracorporeal support of gas exchange function in patients with life-threatening acute respiratory failure, accompanied by severe arterial hypoxemia and hypercapnia. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the possibility of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the complex therapy of severe lung damage in a patient with multiple organ failure caused by severe preeclampsia. Materials and methods. A clinical observation of the nature of the course of multiple organ failure and lung damage in a laboring woman with severe preeclampsia is presented, her life history, diseases, diagnostic and treatment methods used are analyzed. Results and discussion. The described clinical case demonstrates the possibility of successful application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in combination with early renal replacement therapy, respiratory therapy and nutritional support in a patient with severe lung damage against the background of multiple organ failure caused by severe preeclampsia. Conclusion. It is necessary to use extracorporeal replacement techniques of vital functions replacement as early as possible in patients with severe lung damage against the background of multiple organ failure caused by severe preeclampsia.

INTRODUCTION: Sepsis remains an actual problem of modern medicine. Among other treatment options, timely prescribed optimal nutritional-metabolic support is one of the priority methods of intensive treatment for this category of patients. OBJECTIVE: To study the severity of metabolic dysfunction in sepsis and determine the parameters of optimal substrate supply for this category of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 166 patients with sepsis. We studied the severity of systemic metabolic dysfunction and the impact of various options for energy and protein supply on the course of the disease and its outcome. Energy expenditure and the severity of the catabolic reaction of the body were studied by dynamic evaluation of indicators of indirect calorimetry, actual losses of nitrogen and nitrogen balance. RESULTS: Actual energy expenditure in sepsis reaches its maximum values by the 5–6th day of the disease (33.5 ± 1.8 kcal/kg/day or 2366 ± 126 kcal/day). The average energy consumption in sepsis is 2226 ± 96 kcal/day or 30.9 ± 1.4 kcal/kg/day. Energy supply in sepsis less than 25 kcal/kg/day leads to a significant increase in mortality. Protein losses in sepsis reach their maximum values by the 5–6th day of the disease (1.93 ± 0.12 g/kg/day). The average loss of protein in sepsis is 1.68 ± 0.06 g/kg/day. Protein provision of this category of patients with more than 1.5 g/kg/day contributes to a significant decrease in mortality, relative to patients receiving less protein per day. CONCLUSIONS: Energy supply in the range of 25–35 kcal/kg/day, as well as protein supply of more than 1.5 g/kg/day, significantly contribute to better survival of patients with sepsis.

Pilonidal disease is a common disease worldwide, with a wide range of treatment options, from various cyst excision options to patchwork. Surgeons from all over the world are looking for effective, low-traumatic methods of treating the epithelial coccygeal passage. This review reflects the most common, modern traditional and minimally invasive methods of pilonidal disease treatment used both in our country and abroad. Analysis of literature data showed a great variability of surgical approaches in the treatment of this pathology. As a result of this situation, a unified approach to the surgical tactics of treating the epithelial coccygeal passage has not yet been determined. The accumulated experience of using surgical laser technologies in the treatment of pilonidal disease has proven itself positively. The main advantage of interstitial laser thermotherapy of pilonidal cysts is minimal tissue trauma, leading to a decrease in the duration and severity of pain syndrome, a decrease in the period of disability, a good cosmetic result in comparison with traditional methods of surgery.

In this study, fore-vacuum plasma electron beam sources were used to deposit a few micron-thick boron coatings on A284 and ZrNb1 alloys and modify their surfaces. The coating deposition rate with a continuous 1 kW electron beam that evaporated the boron target at a distance of 10 cm was 0.5 µm/min, and the boron coating density was 2.2 g/cm3. Based on the comparison of data on the mass-to-charge composition, beam plasma density, and coating parameters, the contribution of the plasma phase of the evaporated material to the growth of coatings was greater than that of the vapor phase. Using the scanning electron and atomic force microscopy techniques, surface modification by repeated electron beam pulses with electron energies of 8 and 6 keV and a beam power per pulse of 2 J/cm2 and 2.25 J/cm2, respectively, transformed a relatively smooth coating surface into a hilly structure. Based on a structural phase analysis of coatings using synchrotron radiation, it was concluded that the formation of the hilly coating structure was due to surface melting under the repeated action of electron beam pulses. The microhardness, adhesion, and wear resistance of coatings were measured, and their corrosion tests are presented herein. The pure boron coatings obtained and studied are expected to be of use in various applications.

The article deals with an urgent issue related to the establishment of types of enforcement of obligations to pay taxes and fees. Legal aspects and features of each type of security are also analyzed

Introduction. The third wave of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic warrants total mobilisation of healthcare and social resources. In this respect, a pressing issue remains the provision of routine and emergency surgical care in patients with hepatopancreatobiliary diseases.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the surgical outcomes in 5,040 hepatopancreatobiliary patients was carried out; this accounted for 51.1 % of the total abdominal surgeries.Results and discussion. Biliary lithiasis and its complications — choledocholithiasis with obstructive jaundice and residual choledocholithiasis — (54.4 %) as well as acute calculous cholecystitis (18.7 %) were operated most frequently. A sharp decrease over all hepatopancreatobiliary nosologies was registered for the surgical interventions in first pandemic year 2020. Thus, the median annual number of operations for biliary lithiasis and its complications was 550 (482–592 year-range) in the precovid period, while dropping to only 321 at the onset of pandemic (p Conclusion. Hepatopancreatobiliary operations prevail (54.4 % cases) in the total structure of level 3 abdominal surgical interventions. A high annual rate of surgical operations over nearly all hepatopancreatobiliary nosologies was interrupted in the first year of the new coronavirus infection outbreak. Meanwhile, the first half of 2021 showed a clear tend towards restoring the precovid statistical indicators, despite the stressful conditions of persistently relapsing COVID-19 that surgical facilities had faced.

Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review was to evaluate the possible connection between AF and VTE.Material and methods. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) contribute to intra-atrial blood stasis which leads to thrombus formation with its embolization. There is some evidence that AF can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The following databases were searched: PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The time frame for conducting a systematic literature search ranged from January 1, 1990 to November 1, 2021. The diagnosis of atrial fibrillation had to be confirmed by using ECG. The diagnosis of VTE could be made with Doppler imaging, ventilation/perfusion scan, CT angiography, venography, angiography or autopsy. Only the three studies with 102192 patients meeting the requirement were included in the meta-analysis.Results. The prevalence of DVT and PE were assessed using incidence rate ratios (IRR) method of the inverse variance random effects model and its 95% confidence interval (CI). The significant association between atrial fibrillation and pulmonary embolism was found (IRR, 4.18 95% Cl 1.958.98). Also there is obvious association between DVT and AF (IRR, 2.97 95% Cl 2.18-4.03).Conclusion. It can be concluded that the increased risk of developing VTE is associatedwith concomitant AF.

The paper is devoted to the study of subject relations in the metadiscursive expression of the process and results of scientific cognition in French linguistics. The contextual analysis of the language and speech units indicating the subject was carried out on the basis of the fragments of articles published following the results of the World Congress of French Linguistics in 2020 (CMLF 2020). The author shows an epistemological specificity of the linguistic object complicated by the coincidence of the language-object and the language-instrument. As a result of the study, four subject incarnations were identified, each of which has a special expression in the metadiscourse, which should be taken into account when reading and analyzing articles of a linguistic field in French.

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag ist dem Thema der Kontinuität zwischen Gefühls- und Erfahrungstheologie in der deutschsprachigen nachkantischen Denktradition auf der einen und der späteren Religionswissenschaft (vor allem vergleichender Religionsgeschichte und Religionspsychologie) auf der anderen Seite gewidmet. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf methodischen Veränderungen, die das Studium der Religion so empirisch begründet und „unparteiisch“ wie möglich machen sollen. Die durch Kant präzisierte protestantische Aufmerksamkeit auf die religiöse Erlebensweise stimmte mit den im europäischen Denkraum immer einflussreicheren Wahrheitskriterien der Naturwissenschaften überein. Die Betrachtung der Erfahrung im historischen und gesellschaftlichen Kontext führte zur Religionswissenschaft (Müllers Theorie versuchte die Frage zu beantworten, wie vielfältig sich der Sinn des Unendlichen in den unterschiedlichen Glaubensweisen und Traditionen gesetzmäßig widerspiegeln kann). Die Betrachtung der Erfahrung im Kontext der Entfaltung der individuellen Erlebnisse fand jedoch in der Religionspsychologie ihren Ausdruck (Vorbrodt versuchte den psychologischen und sogar den biologischen Hintergrund der Religiosität detailliert darzustellen, wie auch zu rekonstruieren).

The synthesis of four derivatives and the single-crystal X-ray structures of six 9-trifluoromethylxanthenediols (TFXdiols)

One of the modern approaches for the effective development of small deposits is the construction and operation of wells with a complex architecture: horizontal wells (HW), sidetracks (BS, BGS), multilateral wells (MLW). Sidetracking makes it possible to reanimate an old well that is in an emergency state or inactivity for technological reasons, by opening layers that have not been previously developed, bypassing contamination zones, or watering the formation. This study examines the possibility of using horizontal sidetracks in the operating wells of the field of the Zhetybai group. To select the optimal length of the horizontal sidetrack of the wells, graphs of the dependences of the change in flow rate versus length of the horizontal well were built, taking into account the pressure losses due to friction. It can be seen from the dependence of NPV versus length of the horizontal wellbore that the maximum NPV is achieved with a horizontal wellbore length of 100 m. A further increase in the length of the horizontal wellbore leads to a decrease in NPV. This is due, firstly, to a decrease in oil prices, and secondly, interference of wells, a small number of residual reserves, and a small oil-bearing area. As a result of a comparison of technical and economic criteria, the optimal length of a horizontal wellbore is from 100-300 meters. Comparison of the flow rates of vertical wells and wells with horizontal sidetracks showed a clear advantage over the latter in all respects.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) pose a huge threat to public health as emerging viruses. Bat-borne CoVs are especially unpredictable in their evolution due to some unique features of bat physiology boosting the rate of mutations in CoVs, which is already high by itself compared to other viruses. Among bats, a meta-analysis of overall CoVs epizootiology identified a nucleic acid observed prevalence of 9.8% (95% CI 8.7–10.9%). The main objectives of our study were to conduct a qPCR screening of CoVs’ prevalence in the insectivorous bat population of Fore-Caucasus and perform their characterization based on the metagenomic NGS of samples with detected CoV RNA. According to the qPCR screening, CoV RNA was detected in 5 samples, resulting in a 3.33% (95% CI 1.1–7.6%) prevalence of CoVs in bats from these studied locations. BetaCoVs reads were identified in raw metagenomic NGS data, however, detailed characterization was not possible due to relatively low RNA concentration in samples. Our results correspond to other studies, although a lower prevalence in qPCR studies was observed compared to other regions and countries. Further studies should require deeper metagenomic NGS investigation, as a supplementary method, which will allow detailed CoV characterization.

Vein-specific inflammation leads to vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and extracellular matrix degradation of vein wall. This process is known as remodeling and is promoted by "trapped" leukocytes. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine responsible for trafficking of leukocytes from blood to vein wall. The aim of this study was to measure the MCP-1 concentration in varicose veins blood before and after venoactive drug therapy and to compare it with a concentration of blood from varicose veins of subjects who did not receive drug treatment.Non-randomized comparative study was conducted on 30 patients with primary varicose veins. 20 patients of the study group received diosmin 900 mg/hesperidin 100 mg once daily. 10 controls received no treatment. MCP-1 level was measured (pg/ml) in the blood from varicose veins twice, at the day of inclusion and after 60 days. Legs discomfort related to chronic venous disease (CVD) symptoms was measured with 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS) at inclusion and at completion of the study.Median (interquartile range, IQR) MCP-1 concentrations in treatment and control groups at inclusion were 171.9 (124.4-216.0) and 157.0 (120.1-163.1), resp., p=0.285. After 60 days of treatment MCP-1 level decreased, but non-significantly to 152.3 (124.1-178.3). In patients who did not receive treatment chemokine level slightly increased to 163.0 (134.0-172.9). Median changes over time were -6.6 (-30.9 - 7.4) and 10.6 (-3.7 - 19.2) in the study and control groups, resp. (p=0.048). After 60 days in 12 of 19 and 2 of 9 patients of treatments and control groups MCP-1 decreased (p=0.103). Odds ratio for MCP-1 decreasing was 9.5 (95% CI 1.1-81.5, p=0.043) for those who received venoactive drug. Mean (+ standard deviation, SD) legs discomfort significantly dropped in the study group from 5.7 (+2.5) to 1.9(+2.2) (p=0.0003), while in controls no changes were registered: 3.4 (+1.3) and 3.5 (+ 1.4), resp., p=0.28). Mean difference of VAS at baseline and at follow-up was -3.5 (+2.6) and 0.9 (+2.1), resp. (p0.0001).Plasma concentration of MCP-1 in varicose veins blood demonstrates a tendency to decrease under two months treatment with a venoactive drug. Future studies are needed to reveal a possible role of MCP-1 as a target considering its role in varicose veins pathogenesis.

Introduction. The efficiency of the metalworking processes highly depends on the performance of the implemented cutting tools that can be increased by studying its stress-strain state and temperature fields. Existing stress analysis methods either have a low accuracy or are inapplicable for research during the operation of the tools made of materials with high mechanical properties. In addition, the study of temperature fields using known methods is difficult due to the small size of the cutting zone, high temperatures, and a heavy temperature gradient appearing during metal cutting. The purpose of this study is to develop new experimental methods for measuring the stress-strain and temperature fields in the cutting tool during its operation using laser interferometry. The methods include: obtaining interference fringe patterns using an interferometer with the original design, obtaining the tool deformation field during the cutting process by recording the changes in interference fringe patterns using a high-speed camera, processing fringe patterns with the separation of deformations caused by heating and cutting forces, and calculating temperature fields and stress distributions using mechanical properties and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the tool material. The advantages of the developed methods include: applicability under real operating conditions of the cutting tool, ability to study the non-stationary stress-strain state and temperatures during an operation, and achievement of a high spatial resolution and a small field of view for the investigated surface. Results and Discussion. The experimental study confirmed the efficiency of the methods. The results of the study included the fields of stresses and temperatures obtained during the orthogonal cutting of heat-resistant steel with a tool made of cemented tungsten carbide WC-8Co. The developed methods can be used to study the cutting tool efficiency at close to real conditions and in obtaining boundary conditions for the study stress-strain state of a workpiece material near the cutting zone.

Efficient and ambient synthesis of aromatic polyimides (PIs) from readily available starting materials remains a very challenging task in polymer chemistry. Herein, we report for the first time a r...

Using sequential electron-beam evaporation of high-temperature dielectric (alumina ceramic) and magnetic (iron) targets in various gas atmospheres (helium, air, and oxygen) in medium vacuum (5–8 Pa), magneto-dielectric coatings with thickness of around 2 μm were deposited from a multicomponent beam plasma at a deposition rate of 0.2–0.3 μm/min. The coating magnetic properties were explored by the ferromagnetic resonance technique, revealing that their effective magnetization depends on the type of operating gas and varied from 4.2 to 6.8 kGs (for deposition in helium) to 0.3 kGs (in oxygen), which is characteristic of oxide ferromagnetic materials and is considerably lower than the corresponding value (∼22 kGs) for thin iron films formed by vacuum arc deposition in high vacuum. X-ray structural analysis of coatings deposited in medium vacuum in helium showed that the magnetic layer has a magnetite (Fe3O4) structure. The alumina ceramic layer provides the dielectric properties of the magneto-dielectric coating; a relative dielectric constant of 6.0 and a conductivity of 8.4 mS/m were achieved.

A forecast of coke quality takes a special place in the coke production, since it enables to increase efficiency of management of batching process of various by composition and properties coals and production of coke of stably high and required quality with minimal costs. Description of a methodological approach to processing of passive industrial experiment data of blends coking at Coke production department of JSC EVRAZ NTMK presented by application selective (general) matrix. The matrix accounts various multilevel values of influence factor CSR and CRI of coke - a complex index of coking ability of blends K.п.к.Vo. It was shown that the proposed approach provides wide variations of response function (CSR/CRI) at symmetrical enough matrix, excluding predominance of any particular area of values of indices K.п.к.Vo and CSR/CRI. By applying the passive industrial experiment, based on processing of actual report data of industrial blends coking at the coke batteries No. 5-6 (wet quenching) and No. 9-10 (dry quenching) by selective matrix, mathematical models of forecast of quality of industrial coke by wet and dry quenching (CSR/CRI) were elaborated depending on coal charges properties (K.п.к.Vo) at the existing modes of their preparation and coking at the coke batteries No. 5-6 and 9-10. Verification of accuracy of the mathematical models of coke quality forecast at wet and dry quenching (CSR/CRI) processing a large actual material of industrial coking (62 coking operations in the coke batteries No. 5-6 and 58 coking operations in the coke batteries No. 9-10 showed accuracy good enough for practical application of forecasting indices CSR and CRI of industrial coke of wet and dry quenching.

VT transition from the high-spin CoII to low-spin CoIII state was observed for complex (N-cyclo-hexyl-2-iminopyridine)(3,6-di-tert-butyl-o-benzosemiquinonato)(3,6-di-tert-butyl-catecholato)cobalt i...

For a quantitative assessment of the degree of coalification of coals in different countries, either average arbitrary (R0,r) vitrinite reflectance or average maximum (R0,max) vitrinite reflectance are mainly used. Since these indicators differ markedly in magnitude, in many countries, equations of the relationship between them have been established relatively long time ago in order to compare correctly the technological properties of different coals of the same type by indicators R0,max or R0,r. For Russian coals, the relationship between the vitrinite reflection indices R0,max and R0,r has not yet been established. Based on the studies of 40 samples of coals from Russia (Kuznetsk Basin), equations of the relationship between the average maximum (R0,max) and average arbitrary (R0,r) reflection values of coals vitrinite were obtained, taking into account the degree of their genetic recovery. The accuracy of calculating the indicator R0,max through R0,r at that is higher when taking into account the degree of genetic recovery of coals, which was 0.03%, versus 0.04% without accounting it. To compare technological properties of Russian coals by the same type of indicators R0,max or R0,r with the coals of Australia, USA, Canada, Poland, Germany, the equations of the relationship between the average maximum (R0,max) and the average arbitrary (R0,r) vitrinite reflectance presented for the coals of these countries according to publications in scientific journals.

The subject of the research is various practices of the live art and spatial reflection in them. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the “spatial turns” of the history of Russian live art and social ideological contexts. The relevance of the research is associated with the study of the function of spatial reflection in a new, increasingly virtualized cultural situation, developing in response to the restrictions imposed because of the pandemic. The novelty of this research is associated with the introduction into scientific circulation of various archival documents from the history of the latest forms of the live art in Russia in 1990-2010. Also new is the cross-institutional understanding of the object of research, covering both theatrical and photographic, expositional art practices outside the theater and museum building. Poststructuralist art theory and cultural memory theory became key theories on the basis of which analytical approaches to understanding the current artistic process were developed. The work resulted in theoretical developments for the study of the spatial aspects of the latest practices in live arts, as well as the identification of social and cultural contexts that are key to the history of art in situ in Russia. The negative aesthetics of theatrical events mastering non-theatrical spaces: streets, foyers, roofs, squares, natural landscapes open up the possibility of analyzing the theatrical process and its auto-reflective function. Theatrical and performative events turn out to be closely integrated into such social processes as cultural democratization (inclusion of more and more new groups in the processes of cultural interactions), commemoration (the creation of new rituals and narratives for memory and preservation of cultural heritage), as well as in the processes of creating and drawing attention to the public spaces of a modern city. We believe that a necessary step for the development of the theory of contemporary art is the inclusion of a cross-disciplinary understanding of the object of study, in which live performing arts, installation arts, visual arts, video and audio experiments in exhibition projects would be considered together and thus the ideas and concepts of post-structuralist cultural criticism could be applicable to the contemporary art process.

The availability of high-calorie foods is likely a causative factor for high rates of obesity and metabolic disorders, which have been linked to food intake dysregulation. Several gut peptides have been implicated in feeding modulation and body mass accumulation. For example, glucagon peptide-like 1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosinetyrosine (PYY) have been shown to mediate satiety and reduce food intake. While systemic administration of such peptides has been explored as a therapy for metabolic disease, the effects of these hormones on taste signaling should also be considered given the importance of taste to feeding decisions. Peptide signaling systems are present in taste buds and oral GLP-1 and PYY signaling has been shown to influence taste responsiveness and feeding. Indeed, we previously demonstrated that genetic knockout of PYY in mice can impact on taste responsiveness and feeding and that viral overexpression of PYY in the salivary glands of these mice can rescue responsiveness. The present work uses AAV-mediated salivary gland treatment of both GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 and PYY encoding vectors to explore the impact of the presence of these peptides on taste and body-mass accumulation in wild-type mice with intact peptide signaling systems. Results showed a significant effect of salivary gland treatment on responsiveness to multiple taste qualities. Treatment with a vector designed to overexpress both peptides in saliva resulted in substantial reduction in body mass accumulation. These findings show taste modulation and impacts on body mass accumulation by the targeting of salivary glands with vectors designed to overexpress metabolic peptides in wild-type mice and suggest that the taste bud is a promising substrate for food intake modulation.

The problem of archiving and document status has long been one of the cornerstones for the theory of performative arts. Moreover, for decades its discussion has inevitably accompanied discussions about the key concepts of the theory of performative arts: presence, media and mediatization, participation, etc. In the modern art of the last third of the twentieth century, thanks to institutional criticism, the archive was interpreted as an artistic form. Conceptual art and the art of institutional criticism are associated with numerous projects of fictitious, composed archives, author's collections, etc. Archiving and documentation as a problem and technique have spread widely beyond the gallery and museum into cinematography, theater, street art. The concept of a New Archive appeared in aesthetics, which was developed in Russian philosophy by Elena Petrovskaya. These circumstances require the reaction of both the professional community of historians, archivists engaged in art archives, and the community of historians.